The Experts below are selected from a list of 52860 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Cheng-jun Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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soil and water erosion under different Plant species in a semiarid river valley sw china the effects of Plant Morphology
Ecological Research, 2009Co-Authors: Wen Liu, Cheng-jun SongAbstract:The small-scale effects of Plant Morphology in improving soil quality and reducing runoff and soil loss have remained unclear, especially in some arid environments with sparse vegetation. We selected three representative species with contrasting morphologies (Artemisia gmelinii; Ajania potaninii; Pulicaria chrysantha) to examine the effects of Plant Morphology on soil quality, runoff, and soil loss in the dry-warm river valley of the upper reach of Minjiang River, SW China. Runoff events were monitored from July through October 2006 using runoff plots on a micro scale (<40 × 40 cm2) on a south-facing slope. The observation duration for rainfall and runoff events can be divided into two stages. Higher runoff depth, but lower soil loss per event occurred at the second stage as compared with the first stage due to the differences in rainfall, Plant, and soil surface characteristics. The two herbs, A. gmelinii and P. chrysantha, had greater improvements on soil quality yielding high soil nutrient content and low soil compactness, while the effectiveness of the small shrub, A. potaninii, was minimal. Relative to bare surface (control treatment), the effectiveness of reducing runoff depth per event was 64.9, 66.6 and 38.0%, and reducing soil loss 65.5, 59.3 and 69.9% for A. gmelinii, A. potaninii, and P. chrysantha, respectively. All three Plant species can improve soil quality and reduce runoff and soil loss, but their effects vary, which implies that Plant Morphology has to be considered while selecting species for ecosystem restoration.
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Soil and water erosion under different Plant species in a semiarid river valley, SW China : the effects of Plant Morphology
Ecological Research, 2008Co-Authors: Wen Liu, Cheng-jun SongAbstract:The small-scale effects of Plant Morphology in improving soil quality and reducing runoff and soil loss have remained unclear, especially in some arid environments with sparse vegetation. We selected three representative species with contrasting morphologies (Artemisia gmelinii; Ajania potaninii; Pulicaria chrysantha) to examine the effects of Plant Morphology on soil quality, runoff, and soil loss in the dry-warm river valley of the upper reach of Minjiang River, SW China. Runoff events were monitored from July through October 2006 using runoff plots on a micro scale (
Wen Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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soil and water erosion under different Plant species in a semiarid river valley sw china the effects of Plant Morphology
Ecological Research, 2009Co-Authors: Wen Liu, Cheng-jun SongAbstract:The small-scale effects of Plant Morphology in improving soil quality and reducing runoff and soil loss have remained unclear, especially in some arid environments with sparse vegetation. We selected three representative species with contrasting morphologies (Artemisia gmelinii; Ajania potaninii; Pulicaria chrysantha) to examine the effects of Plant Morphology on soil quality, runoff, and soil loss in the dry-warm river valley of the upper reach of Minjiang River, SW China. Runoff events were monitored from July through October 2006 using runoff plots on a micro scale (<40 × 40 cm2) on a south-facing slope. The observation duration for rainfall and runoff events can be divided into two stages. Higher runoff depth, but lower soil loss per event occurred at the second stage as compared with the first stage due to the differences in rainfall, Plant, and soil surface characteristics. The two herbs, A. gmelinii and P. chrysantha, had greater improvements on soil quality yielding high soil nutrient content and low soil compactness, while the effectiveness of the small shrub, A. potaninii, was minimal. Relative to bare surface (control treatment), the effectiveness of reducing runoff depth per event was 64.9, 66.6 and 38.0%, and reducing soil loss 65.5, 59.3 and 69.9% for A. gmelinii, A. potaninii, and P. chrysantha, respectively. All three Plant species can improve soil quality and reduce runoff and soil loss, but their effects vary, which implies that Plant Morphology has to be considered while selecting species for ecosystem restoration.
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Soil and water erosion under different Plant species in a semiarid river valley, SW China : the effects of Plant Morphology
Ecological Research, 2008Co-Authors: Wen Liu, Cheng-jun SongAbstract:The small-scale effects of Plant Morphology in improving soil quality and reducing runoff and soil loss have remained unclear, especially in some arid environments with sparse vegetation. We selected three representative species with contrasting morphologies (Artemisia gmelinii; Ajania potaninii; Pulicaria chrysantha) to examine the effects of Plant Morphology on soil quality, runoff, and soil loss in the dry-warm river valley of the upper reach of Minjiang River, SW China. Runoff events were monitored from July through October 2006 using runoff plots on a micro scale (
Alexander Bucksch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Morphological Plant Modeling: Unleashing Geometric and Topological Potential within the Plant Sciences
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017Co-Authors: Alexander Bucksch, Acheampong Atta-boateng, Akomian Fortune Azihou, Dorjsuren Battogtokh, Aly Baumgartner, Brad Binder, Siobhan Braybrook, Cynthia Chang, Viktoirya Coneva, Thomas DewittAbstract:The geometries and topologies of leaves, flowers, roots, shoots, and their arrangements have fascinated Plant biologists and mathematicians alike. As such, Plant Morphology is inherently mathematical in that it describes Plant form and architecture with geometrical and topological techniques. Gaining an understanding of how to modify Plant Morphology, through molecular biology and breeding, aided by a mathematical perspective, is critical to improving agriculture, and the monitoring of ecosystems Frontiers in Plant Science | www.frontiersin.org 1 June 2017 | Volume 8 | Article 900 Bucksch et al. Plant Morphological Modeling is vital to modeling a future with fewer natural resources. In this white paper, we begin with an overview in quantifying the form of Plants and mathematical models of patterning in Plants. We then explore the fundamental challenges that remain unanswered concerning Plant Morphology, from the barriers preventing the prediction of phenotype from genotype to modeling the movement of leaves in air streams. We end with a discussion concerning the education of Plant Morphology synthesizing biological and mathematical approaches and ways to facilitate research advances through outreach, cross-disciplinary training, and open science. Unleashing the potential of geometric and topological approaches in the Plant sciences promises to transform our understanding of both Plants and mathematics.
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Reshaping Plant Biology: Qualitative and Quantitative Descriptors for Plant Morphology
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017Co-Authors: Mathilde Balduzzi, Alexander Bucksch, Cynthia Chang, Brad M. Binder, Lilan Hong, Anjali S. Iyer-pascuzzi, Christophe Pradal, Erin E. SparksAbstract:An emerging challenge in Plant biology is to develop qualitative and quantitative measures to describe the appearance of Plants through the integration of mathematics and biology. A major hurdle in developing these metrics is finding common terminology across fields. In this review, we define approaches for analyzing Plant geometry, topology, and shape, and provide examples for how these terms have been and can be applied to Plants. In leaf morphological quantifications both geometry and shape have been used to gain insight into leaf function and evolution. For the analysis of cell growth and expansion, we highlight the utility of geometric descriptors for understanding sepal and hypocotyl development. For branched structures, we describe how topology has been applied to quantify root system architecture to lend insight into root function. Lastly, we discuss the importance of using morphological descriptors in ecology to assess how communities interact, function, and respond within different environments. This review aims to provide a basic description of the mathematical principles underlying morphological quantifications.
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Morphological Plant modeling: Unleashing geometric and topologic potential within the Plant sciences
2016Co-Authors: Alexander Bucksch, Acheampong Atta-boateng, Akomian Fortune Azihou, Mathilde Balduzzi, Dorjsuren Battogtokh, Aly Baumgartner, Brad Binder, Siobhan Braybrook, Cynthia Chang, Viktoriya ConevaAbstract:Plant Morphology is inherently mathematical. The geometries of leaves and flowers and intricate topologies of the root have fascinated Plant biologists and mathematicians alike. Beyond providing aesthetic inspiration, understanding Plant Morphology has become pressing in an era of climate change and a growing population. Gaining an understanding of how to modify Plant architecture through molecular biology and breeding is critical to improving agriculture, and the monitoring of ecosystems and global vegetation is vital to modeling a future with fewer natural resources. In this white paper, we begin by summarizing the rich history and state of the art in quantifying the form of Plants, mathematical models of patterning in Plants, and how Plant Morphology manifests dynamically across disparate scales of biological organization. We then explore the fundamental challenges that remain unanswered concerning Plant Morphology, from the barriers preventing the prediction of phenotype from genotype to modeling the fluttering of leaves in a light breeze. We end with a discussion concerning the education of Plant Morphology synthesizing biological and mathematical approaches and ways to facilitate research advances through outreach, cross-disciplinary training, and open science. Never has the need to model Plant Morphology been more imperative. Unleashing the potential of geometric and topological approaches in the Plant sciences promises to transform our understanding of both Plants and mathematics.
Ana Elisa Valdés - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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drought tolerance acquisition in eucalyptus globulus labill a research on Plant Morphology physiology and proteomics
Journal of Proteomics, 2013Co-Authors: Ana Elisa Valdés, Juan Majada, Ana Rodríguez, Belén Fernández, Sami Irar, Montserrat PagèsAbstract:Plants perceiving drought stress activate multiple responses to synchronise developmental and molecular activities aimed at improving survival. In this study we attained a multidisciplinary approach to examine the interplay among Plant Morphology, physiology and proteomics for understanding the mechanisms underlying the adaptive response to drought stress. The stress-related phenotype, the differential expression of putative members of the LEA family of proteins, the seed proteomic profile, and the endogenous content of free and conjugated abscisic acid (ABA and ABAGE) were analysed in two Eucalyptus globulus provenances with contrasting drought tolerance. Differences in Morphology were noticeable, drought-tolerant genotypes displaying smaller seeds with higher desiccation in the mature state and a more developed root system that was not reduced under water stress treatments. From physiological and molecular points of view, the endogenous contents of ABA and ABAGE were also higher in the tolerant provenance, as well as the accumulation of proteins involved in abiotic stress tolerance processes. In addition, evidence of two immunologically-related proteins to the maize RAB17 and RAB28 proteins is first reported in Eucalyptus, showing similarities between species. Our results show that E. globulus displays simultaneous adjustments for acquiring drought tolerance that are expressed at physiological, developmental and molecular levels.
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A multidisciplinary approach to drought tolerance acquisition in Eucalyptus globulus (Labill.): Plant Morphology, physiology and proteomics.
2012Co-Authors: Ana Elisa Valdés, Juan Majada, Ana Rodríguez, Belén Fernández, Montserrat Pagès, Sami IrarAbstract:A multidisciplinary approach to drought tolerance acquisition in Eucalyptus globulus (Labill.): Plant Morphology, physiology and proteomics.
Donald R Kaplan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the science of Plant Morphology definition history and role in modern biology
American Journal of Botany, 2001Co-Authors: Donald R KaplanAbstract:As a scientific discipline, Plant Morphology is 211 yr old, originated by Goethe in 1790. It is a discipline that has largely been Germanic in practice. Because it took its origins from the study of the natural history of Plants and the United States is principally an engineering society, the discipline of Plant Morphology in its pure form has never been widely practiced in this country. What has been labeled ‘‘Plant Morphology’’ in the United States has served largely as a handmaiden for systematics, using morphological characteristics to carve up diversity into its systematic subunits. Because the heart of Plant Morphology as a science is a focus on the convergences rather than the homologies in a phylogenetic sense, the German tradition of Plant Morphology is a unifying science that focuses on fundamental themes that transcend systematic boundaries. This paper traces the history of the science of Plant Morphology through the lineage of its principal practitioners: Goethe, Hofmeister, von Goebel, and Troll. It also evaluates the principles of Plant Morphology by applying them to the phyletically diverse Pteridophytes, showing that contemporary members of that group exhibit levels of shoot organization comparable to that of seed Plants and discusses the implications of these findings. Although the Pelton Award is made for meritorious work in the field of experimental Morphology of Plants, I consider the latter as a particular approach within the broader and older discipline of Plant Morphology. In recent times there has been no clear statement of what the science of Plant Morphology is and how such emphases relate to the science as a whole. It is not clear to many practitioners that Plant Morphology itself represents a valid scientific discipline. Due to historical declines in the interest and teaching of Plant Morphology, it has come to be viewed largely as a provider of characters for systematic circumscription, hence virtually synonymous with Plant systematics. Given that contemporary systematics has put a greater emphasis on molecular rather than morphological data, the time seems ripe to reevalute Plant Morphology and what its role can and should be in modern Plant biology. In this article I attempt to clarify the concept of Plant Morphology as a discipline, review its historical heritage, and discuss how it relates to and differs from systematics. I show that Plant Morphology is a scientific discipline with its own principles, from which predictions can be made about the unknown. I illustrate some of these general principles and their application by evaluating them in a phyletically heterogeneous Plant group, the pteridophytes, which previously had been interpreted largely by models from fossil rather than contemporary Plants.
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The science of Plant Morphology: definition, history, and role in modern biology
American journal of botany, 2001Co-Authors: Donald R KaplanAbstract:As a scientific discipline, Plant Morphology is 211 yr old, originated by Goethe in 1790. It is a discipline that has largely been Germanic in practice. Because it took its origins from the study of the natural history of Plants and the United States is principally an engineering society, the discipline of Plant Morphology in its pure form has never been widely practiced in this country. What has been labeled "Plant Morphology" in the United States has served largely as a handmaiden for systematics, using morphological characteristics to carve up diversity into its systematic subunits. Because the heart of Plant Morphology as a science is a focus on the convergences rather than the homologies in a phylogenetic sense, the German tradition of Plant Morphology is a unifying science that focuses on fundamental themes that transcend systematic boundaries. This paper traces the history of the science of Plant Morphology through the lineage of its principal practitioners: Goethe, Hofmeister, von Goebel, and Troll. It also evaluates the principles of Plant Morphology by applying them to the phyletically diverse Pteridophytes, showing that contemporary members of that group exhibit levels of shoot organization comparable to that of seed Plants and discusses the implications of these findings.