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Michael J. Kingsford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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contrasting patterns of reef utilization and recruitment of coral trout Plectropomus leopardus and snapper lutjanus carponotatus at one tree island southern great barrier reef
Coral Reefs, 2009Co-Authors: Michael J. KingsfordAbstract:Patterns of abundance, age structure and recruitment of coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus) and snapper (Lutjanus carponotatus) were described in different environments, which varied in benthic cover, in a 12-yr study at One Tree Island. It was hypothesized that both taxa would show strong preferences to different environments and benthic cover and that patterns would be consistent through time. Plectropomus leopardus were abundant on the reef slope and seaward edge of the lagoon, where live coral cover was high, and recruitment was generally low, in all environments. The population was sustained by a trickle of recruits, and total abundance varied little after 10 to 25 yr of protection in a no-take area, suggesting P. leopardus had reached an environment-related carrying capacity. Protogynous P. leopardus recruited to shallow environments at sites with 20% or more hard live coral and age data indicated the abundance of fish on the reef slope was from redistribution. Most recruits of gonochoristic L. carponotatus (<150 mm Standard length, SL) were found in the lagoonal environments, and adults were rare on the reef slope. Abundance of recruit L. carponotatus and P. leopardus did not correlate with percent cover of live and soft coral within environments. Recruits of L. carponotatus were usually rare in all lagoonal environments, but in 2003, many recruits (80 to 120 mm SL) were found in lagoonal environments with low and high hard live coral cover. A substantial proportion of the population (age max 18 yr) was from strong recruitment events. In 2003 and 2004, total abundance of L. carponotatus was supported by 1 year class 51.7 and 41% respectively. The utilization of environments and types of substrata varied among taxa and in some cases among life-history stages. There was also temporal variation in the importance of some environments (e.g. Lagoon Centre).
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Contrasting patterns of reef utilization and recruitment of coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus) and snapper (Lutjanus carponotatus) at One Tree Island, southern Great Barrier Reef
Coral Reefs, 2008Co-Authors: Michael J. KingsfordAbstract:Patterns of abundance, age structure and recruitment of coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus) and snapper (Lutjanus carponotatus) were described in different environments, which varied in benthic cover, in a 12-yr study at One Tree Island. It was hypothesized that both taxa would show strong preferences to different environments and benthic cover and that patterns would be consistent through time. Plectropomus leopardus were abundant on the reef slope and seaward edge of the lagoon, where live coral cover was high, and recruitment was generally low, in all environments. The population was sustained by a trickle of recruits, and total abundance varied little after 10 to 25 yr of protection in a no-take area, suggesting P. leopardus had reached an environment-related carrying capacity. Protogynous P. leopardus recruited to shallow environments at sites with 20% or more hard live coral and age data indicated the abundance of fish on the reef slope was from redistribution. Most recruits of gonochoristic L. carponotatus (
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Spatial and temporal variation in predation on reef fishes by coral trout ( Plectropomus leopardus , Serranidae)
Coral Reefs, 1992Co-Authors: Michael J. KingsfordAbstract:The diet of coral trout Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae) was studied over a two year period at One Tree Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Rapid visual counts demonstrated that P. leopardus were most abundant on the reef slope habitat and inner edge of the enclosed lagoon. Few P. leopardus were found at sites from “inner” lagoon. It was hypothesized that diet would vary among habitats, times and size classes of coral trout. Ninety-two percent of P. leopardus that contained prey had consumed fish and 87% had only eaten fish. Many types of reef fish were taken by P. leopardus (e.g. Pomacentridae, Scaridae, Blenniidae and Labridae). Most pelagic prey (Clupeidae and Engraulididae) were taken on the reef slope, while some prey were solely or pimarily taken in the lagoon (e.g. Blenniidae and crustaceans). Most pelagic prey were taken on the reef slope in summer by P. leopardus>250 mm (SL). Plectropomus leopardus (
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spatial and temporal variation in predation on reef fishes by coral trout Plectropomus leopardus serranidae
Coral Reefs, 1992Co-Authors: Michael J. KingsfordAbstract:The diet of coral trout Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae) was studied over a two year period at One Tree Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Rapid visual counts demonstrated that P. leopardus were most abundant on the reef slope habitat and inner edge of the enclosed lagoon. Few P. leopardus were found at sites from “inner” lagoon. It was hypothesized that diet would vary among habitats, times and size classes of coral trout. Ninety-two percent of P. leopardus that contained prey had consumed fish and 87% had only eaten fish. Many types of reef fish were taken by P. leopardus (e.g. Pomacentridae, Scaridae, Blenniidae and Labridae). Most pelagic prey (Clupeidae and Engraulididae) were taken on the reef slope, while some prey were solely or pimarily taken in the lagoon (e.g. Blenniidae and crustaceans). Most pelagic prey were taken on the reef slope in summer by P. leopardus>250 mm (SL). Plectropomus leopardus (<200 mm) from the lagoon had a higher proportion of invertebrates in the diet than fish from the reef slope. Plectropomus leopardus of all sizes ate small fish, while largest fish generally consumed largest prey (especially adult scarids and labrids). I argue that interactions among multiple species of prey and predators need more attention, because piscivores may respond to prey in different ways according to habitat type as well as the number and type of other prey types present. Furthermore, different sizes of fish (e.g. coral trout) may impact assemblages of prey in different ways.
Ashley J. Frisch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of climate change on coral grouper (Plectropomus spp.) and possible adaptation options
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2017Co-Authors: Morgan S. Pratchett, Ashley J. Frisch, Darren S. Cameron, Andrew S. Hoey, Louisa Evans, Jennifer Donelson, Alistair J. Hobday, Nadine A. Marshall, Vanessa Messmer, Philip L. MundayAbstract:Global climate change is increasingly considered one of the major threats to tropical coastal fisheries, potentially undermining important revenue and food security provided by coral reef ecosystems. While there has been significant and increasing work on understanding specific effects of climate change on coral reef fishes, few studies have considered large-bodied fisheries target species, limiting understanding of the effects of climate change on tropical fisheries. This review focuses on coral grouper ( Plectropomus spp., and mainly Plectropomus leopardus ), which are heavily fished throughout the Indian and Pacific oceans, and represent an exemplar group to assess potential effects of climate change on coral reef fisheries. In experimental studies, P. leopardus appear to be extremely sensitive to increasing ocean temperature, exhibiting declines in survivorship, aerobic scope and activity with relatively moderate increases in temperature. As such, ongoing ocean warming may jeopardize the catchability of coral grouper and sustainability of reef-based fisheries, especially at low latitudes. Notably, a significant portion of wild stocks of P. leopardus are already exposed to temperatures (≥30 °C) that have been shown to compromise individual performance and body condition. While there are considerable knowledge gaps in predicting effects of global climate change on coral grouper, such as their capacity to avoid, acclimate or adapt to changes in local environmental conditions, current information suggests that there is cause for concern. As such, we take the formative steps to outline both ecological and socioeconomic adaptations that could reduce vulnerability of coral reef fisheries to climate impacts on stocks of coral grouper, using a linked socio-economic framework.
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Key aspects of the biology, fisheries and management of Coral grouper
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2016Co-Authors: Ashley J. Frisch, Darren S. Cameron, Morgan S. Pratchett, David H. Williamson, Ashley J. Williams, Adam D. Reynolds, Andrew S. Hoey, Justin R. Rizzari, Louisa Evans, Brigid KerriganAbstract:Coral grouper (genus Plectropomus ), or coral trout, are members of the grouper family (Epinephelidae) and are one of the largest and most conspicuous predatory fishes on Indo-Pacific coral reefs. They are highly-prized food fishes that are targeted by subsistence, artisanal, commercial and recreational fisheries throughout their geographic range. Plectropomus have broadly similar diets and habitat requirements to other tropical groupers, but typically have faster growth and higher natural mortality rates. Although these characteristics are expected to increase population turnover and reduce innate vulnerability to environmental and anthropogenic impacts relative to other groupers, many Plectropomus populations are in decline due to the combined effects of overfishing and habitat degradation. In many locations, stock depletion from uncontrolled fishing, particularly at spawning aggregation sites, has resulted in local fishery collapse. Therefore, improved management of wild populations is urgently required to ensure conservation and sustainable fisheries of Plectropomus . Where possible, a combination of no-take marine reserves, market-based management approaches, and allocation or resurrection of property rights systems are recommended to complement conventional fishery management actions that limit catch and effort. Additional investment in aquaculture propagation is also needed to reduce fishing pressure on wild stocks and support management initiatives. This global synthesis of information pertaining to the biology, fisheries and management of Plectropomus will assist in guiding future management actions that are attempting to address a range of stressors including fishing, reef habitat degradation, and the escalating effects of climate change.
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trophic ecology of large predatory reef fishes energy pathways trophic level and implications for fisheries in a changing climate
Marine Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Ashley J. Frisch, Matthew Ireland, Ronald BakerAbstract:Large predatory fishes are disproportionately targeted by reef fisheries, but little is known about their trophic ecology, which inhibits understanding of community dynamics and the potential effects of climate change. In this study, stable isotope analyses were used to infer trophic ecology of a guild of large predatory fishes that are targeted by fisheries on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Each of four focal predators (Plectropomus leopardus, Plectropomus maculatus, Lethrinus miniatus and Lutjanus carponotatus) was found to have a distinct isotopic signature in terms of δ13C and δ15N. A two-source mixing model (benthic reef-based versus pelagic) indicated that P. leopardus and L. miniatus derive the majority (72 and 62 %, respectively) of their production from planktonic sources, while P. maculatus and L. carponotatus derive the majority (89 and 74 %, respectively) of their production from benthic reef-based sources. This indicates that planktonic production is important for sustaining key species in reef fisheries and highlights the need for a whole-ecosystem approach to fisheries management. Unexpectedly, there was little isotopic niche overlap between three of four focal predators, suggesting that inter-specific competition for prey may be low or absent. δ15Nitrogen indicated that the closely related P. leopardus and P. maculatus are apex predators (trophic level > 4), while δ13C indicated that each species has a different diet and degree of trophic specialisation. In view of these divergent trophic ecologies, each of the four focal predators (and the associated fisheries) are anticipated to be differentially affected by climate-induced disturbances. Thus, the results presented herein provide a useful starting point for precautionary management of exploited predator populations in a changing climate.
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In vitro hybridization of coral trouts, Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepède, 1802) and Plectropomus maculatus (Bloch, 1790): a preliminary investigation
Aquaculture Research, 2007Co-Authors: Ashley J. Frisch, Jean-paul A. HobbsAbstract:[Extract] Coral trouts of the genus Plectropomus are members of the serranid subfamily Epinephelinae, which are commonly known as groupers. Two of these species, Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepede, 1802) and Plectropomus maculatus (Bloch, 1790), are among the most popular and valuable of the groupers, and both species are major targets of reef fisheries which operate throughout the Indo-West Pacific region (Williams 2002; Sadovy, Donaldson, Graham, McGilvray, Muldoon, Phillips, Rimmer, Smith & Yeeting 2003). Much of the catch is exported to Hong Kong, where the retail price of live specimens ranges from US$50 to 75 per kg (Sadovy et al. 2003). This high value has resulted in a strong demand for coral trouts and an upward trajectory in their total annual harvest (Williams 2002; Sadovy et al. 2003). Fishing pressure has significantly decreased the abundance of coral trouts in parts of Australia and Southeast Asia (Sadovy et al. 2003; Evans & Russ 2004); thus, there is a need to develop more sustainable methods of supplying coral trouts to the market. Although there have been many previous attempts to culture these fish in Australia and Southeast Asia, most have been unsuccessful, largely due to problems associated with the acceptance of live feeds by early larval stages (Rimmer, Garrett & Samoilys 1994; Sadovy et al. 2003).
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SHORT COMMUNICATION In vitro hybridization of coral trouts, Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepede, 1802) and Plectropomus maculatus (Bloch, 1790): a preliminary investigation
2007Co-Authors: Ashley J. Frisch, Jean-paul A. Hobbs, A J FrischAbstract:Coral trouts of the genus Plectropomus are members of the serranid subfamily Epinephelinae, which are commonly known as groupers. Two of these species, Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepe' de, 1802) and Plectropomus maculatus (Bloch, 1790), are among the most popular and valuable of the groupers, and both species are major targets of reef ¢sheries which operate throughout the Indo-West Paci¢c region (Williams 2002; Sadovy, Donaldson, Graham, McGilvray, Muldoon, Phillips, Rimmer, Smith & Yeeting 2003). Much of the catch is exported to Hong Kong, where the retail price of live specimens ranges from US$50 to 75 per kg (Sadovy et al. 2003). This high value has resulted in a strong demand for coral trouts and an upward trajectory in their total annual harvest (Williams 2002; Sadovy et al. 2003). Fishing pressure has signi¢cantly decreased the abundance of coral trouts in parts of Australia and Southeast Asia (Sadovy et al. 2003; Evans & Russ 2004); thus, there is a need to develop more sustainable methods of supplying coral trouts to the market. Although there have beenmany previous attempts to culture these ¢sh in Australia and Southeast Asia, most have beenunsuccessful, largely due to problems associated with the acceptance of live feeds by early larval stages (Rimmer, Garrett & Samoilys 1994; Sadovy et al. 2003). One mechanism by which the survival and performance of cultured ¢sh can be enhanced is to‘cross’or hybridize two closely related species. For example, the hybrid oispring of white bass (Morone chrysops) and striped bass (Morone saxatilis) outperform (in terms of growth and survival) the purebred oispring of both parental species when cultured in captivity (Smith 1988). This phenomenon, known as heterosis, results from the combination of desirable dominant genes accumulated by each parental species, as well as an increase in the total level of heterozygosity (Kirpichnikov1981). In some hybrid ¢sh, heterosis manifests as accelerated growth, improved environmental tolerance, increased disease resistance and enhanced overall survival (reviewed by Bartley, Rana & Immink 2001). Not surprisingly, hybrid ¢sh can confer substantial bene¢ts to aquaculture enterprises. In many other ¢sh, however, hybridization results in impaired development, such that theyare of no use to aquaculture (Hulata1995). It is impossible to predict whether hybridization will bene¢t or detract from a ¢sh’s performance in captivity, and hence hybrids need to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. In this study, we investigated the utility of hybridization between coral trouts, and compared the performance of purebred and hybrid larvae in captivity. We measured growth, heart rate and survival as indicators of larval performance (Glamuzina, Glavic, Skaramuca, Kozul & Tutman 2001; Paschos, Nathanailides, Perdikaris & Tsoumani 2004; Schwerte, Voigt & Pelster 2005). Mature P. leopardus and P.maculatuswere collected from Orpheus Island (Great Barrier Reef, Australia) during the new moon periods of late spring when Aquaculture Research, 2007, 38, 215^218 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01659.x
Geoffrey P Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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validation of microsatellite multiplexes for parentage analysis and species discrimination in two hybridizing species of coral reef fish Plectropomus spp serranidae
Ecology and Evolution, 2014Co-Authors: Hugo B Harrison, Geoffrey P Jones, David H. Williamson, Kevin A Feldheim, Hicham Mansour, Sadhasivam Perumal, Michael L BerumenAbstract:Microsatellites are often considered ideal markers to investigate ecological processes in animal populations. They are regularly used as genetic barcodes to identify species, individuals, and infer familial relationships. However, such applications are highly sensitive the number and diversity of microsatellite markers, which are also prone to error. Here, we propose a novel framework to assess the suitability of microsatellite datasets for parentage analysis and species discrimination in two closely related species of coral reef fish, Plectropomus leopardus and P. maculatus (Serranidae). Coral trout are important fisheries species throughout the Indo-Pacific region and have been shown to hybridize in parts of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. We first describe the development of 25 microsatellite loci and their integration to three multiplex PCRs that co-amplify in both species. Using simulations, we demonstrate that the complete suite of markers provides appropriate power to discriminate between species, detect hybrid individuals, and resolve parent–offspring relationships in natural populations, with over 99.6% accuracy in parent–offspring assignments. The markers were also tested on seven additional species within the Plectropomus genus with polymorphism in 28–96% of loci. The multiplex PCRs developed here provide a reliable and cost-effective strategy to investigate evolutionary and ecological dynamics and will be broadly applicable in studies of wild populations and aquaculture brood stocks for these closely related fish species.
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patterns of recruitment and microhabitat associations for three predatory coral reef fishes on the southern great barrier reef australia
Coral Reefs, 2013Co-Authors: Colin K C Wen, Glenn R. Almany, Morgan S. Pratchett, Geoffrey P JonesAbstract:This study examined recruitment patterns and microhabitat associations for three carnivorous fishes, Plectropomus maculatus, Lutjanus carponotatus and Epinephelus quoyanus, at the Keppel Islands, southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Habitat selectivity was highest for recruits that were found mostly with corymbose Acropora, predominantly on patches of live coral located over loose substrates (sand). Adults were more commonly associated with tabular Acropora. The proportion of P. maculatus (72 %) found with live corals was higher than for L. carponotatus (68 %) and E. quoyanus (44 %). Densities of recruits were highly variable among locations, but this was only partly related to availability of preferred microhabitats. Our findings demonstrate that at least some carnivorous reef fishes, especially during early life-history stages, strongly associate with live corals. Such species will be highly sensitive to increasing degradation of coral reef habitats.
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Habitat preference in newly settled coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus, Serranidae)
Coral Reefs, 1997Co-Authors: P. R. Light, Geoffrey P JonesAbstract:The densities of newly settled coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus, Pisces, Serranidae) were monitored in a variety of habitats on Green Reef in the Cairns section of the Great Barrier Reef to assess whether spatial patterns of recruitment are influenced by physical features of the substratum, and whether this species uses different habitats during its ontogeny. Surveys showed that small juveniles used sites that were significantly different from random and that these habitat associations changed as the fish grew larger. Specifically, coral trout recruited to level patches of rubble substrata >5 m2 and subsequently shifted to high relief features. Densities of recruits were related to the amount of rubble substrata available.
Nathan J. Bott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bucephalidae (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) of Plectropomus (Serranidae: Epinephelinae) in the tropical Pacific
Parasitology Research, 2013Co-Authors: Nathan J. Bott, Terrence L. Miller, Thomas H. CribbAbstract:We examined four species of Plectropomus Oken, 1817 (Serranidae: Epinephelinae), Plectropomus areolatus (Rüppell), Plectropomus laevis (Lacepède), Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepède) and Plectropomus maculatus (Bloch) from sites off Heron Island and Lizard Island on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia (GBR), and the Gambier Islands, French Polynesia. Three new species of Neidhartia Nagaty, 1937, five new species of Prosorhynchus Odhner, 1905, and one previously described species, Prosorhynchus freitasi Nagaty, 1937, are characterised. The three species of Neidhartia , Neidhartia haywardi n. sp., Neidhartia plectropomi n. sp. and Neidhartia tyleri n. sp. are readily distinguishable morphologically. Two of the six species of Prosorhynchus ( Prosorhynchus lesteri n. sp. and Prosorhynchus wrightae n. sp.) are easily distinguished from their other congeners by morphology but the other four species ( P. freitasi , Prosorhynchus heronensis n. sp., Prosorhynchus munozae n. sp. and Prosorhynchus plectropomi n. sp.) are generally similar in morphology and were only distinguished initially by comparing their ITS2 rRNA sequences. Three additional taxa, one from the GBR and two from French Polynesia, were recognised as distinct on the basis that their ITS2 rRNA sequences differed from those of the new taxa described here; these species remain unnamed for the present. Inter-specific divergence observed within these genera in the ITS2 rRNA ranged from 10 to 42 base pairs (4–16 %) for species of Neidhartia and 2–57 base pairs (3–21 %) for species of Prosorhynchus . Inter-generic divergences were 42–55 base pairs (17–21 %). No intraspecific variation in the ITS2 rRNA region was observed for any of the six species for which multiple sequence replicates were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis of 12 operational taxa from Plectropomus together with sequences of three other species from epinepheline serranids demonstrated that Neidhartia and Prosorhynchus were reciprocally monophyletic with the exception that P. wrightae n. sp. fell either within or basal to the Neidhartia species. The richness of bucephalids in species of Plectropomus appears to be exceptional within the Serranidae relative to that observed in other serranid genera in the tropical Indo-West Pacific.
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bucephalidae platyhelminthes digenea of Plectropomus serranidae epinephelinae in the tropical pacific
Parasitology Research, 2013Co-Authors: Terrence L. Miller, Nathan J. Bott, Thomas H. CribbAbstract:We examined four species of Plectropomus Oken, 1817 (Serranidae: Epinephelinae), Plectropomus areolatus (Ruppell), Plectropomus laevis (Lacepede), Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepede) and Plectropomus maculatus (Bloch) from sites off Heron Island and Lizard Island on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia (GBR), and the Gambier Islands, French Polynesia. Three new species of Neidhartia Nagaty, 1937, five new species of Prosorhynchus Odhner, 1905, and one previously described species, Prosorhynchus freitasi Nagaty, 1937, are characterised. The three species of Neidhartia, Neidhartia haywardi n. sp., Neidhartia plectropomi n. sp. and Neidhartia tyleri n. sp. are readily distinguishable morphologically. Two of the six species of Prosorhynchus (Prosorhynchus lesteri n. sp. and Prosorhynchus wrightae n. sp.) are easily distinguished from their other congeners by morphology but the other four species (P. freitasi, Prosorhynchus heronensis n. sp., Prosorhynchus munozae n. sp. and Prosorhynchus plectropomi n. sp.) are generally similar in morphology and were only distinguished initially by comparing their ITS2 rRNA sequences. Three additional taxa, one from the GBR and two from French Polynesia, were recognised as distinct on the basis that their ITS2 rRNA sequences differed from those of the new taxa described here; these species remain unnamed for the present. Inter-specific divergence observed within these genera in the ITS2 rRNA ranged from 10 to 42 base pairs (4–16 %) for species of Neidhartia and 2–57 base pairs (3–21 %) for species of Prosorhynchus. Inter-generic divergences were 42–55 base pairs (17–21 %). No intraspecific variation in the ITS2 rRNA region was observed for any of the six species for which multiple sequence replicates were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis of 12 operational taxa from Plectropomus together with sequences of three other species from epinepheline serranids demonstrated that Neidhartia and Prosorhynchus were reciprocally monophyletic with the exception that P. wrightae n. sp. fell either within or basal to the Neidhartia species. The richness of bucephalids in species of Plectropomus appears to be exceptional within the Serranidae relative to that observed in other serranid genera in the tropical Indo-West Pacific.
Thomas H. Cribb - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bucephalidae (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) of Plectropomus (Serranidae: Epinephelinae) in the tropical Pacific
Parasitology Research, 2013Co-Authors: Nathan J. Bott, Terrence L. Miller, Thomas H. CribbAbstract:We examined four species of Plectropomus Oken, 1817 (Serranidae: Epinephelinae), Plectropomus areolatus (Rüppell), Plectropomus laevis (Lacepède), Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepède) and Plectropomus maculatus (Bloch) from sites off Heron Island and Lizard Island on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia (GBR), and the Gambier Islands, French Polynesia. Three new species of Neidhartia Nagaty, 1937, five new species of Prosorhynchus Odhner, 1905, and one previously described species, Prosorhynchus freitasi Nagaty, 1937, are characterised. The three species of Neidhartia , Neidhartia haywardi n. sp., Neidhartia plectropomi n. sp. and Neidhartia tyleri n. sp. are readily distinguishable morphologically. Two of the six species of Prosorhynchus ( Prosorhynchus lesteri n. sp. and Prosorhynchus wrightae n. sp.) are easily distinguished from their other congeners by morphology but the other four species ( P. freitasi , Prosorhynchus heronensis n. sp., Prosorhynchus munozae n. sp. and Prosorhynchus plectropomi n. sp.) are generally similar in morphology and were only distinguished initially by comparing their ITS2 rRNA sequences. Three additional taxa, one from the GBR and two from French Polynesia, were recognised as distinct on the basis that their ITS2 rRNA sequences differed from those of the new taxa described here; these species remain unnamed for the present. Inter-specific divergence observed within these genera in the ITS2 rRNA ranged from 10 to 42 base pairs (4–16 %) for species of Neidhartia and 2–57 base pairs (3–21 %) for species of Prosorhynchus . Inter-generic divergences were 42–55 base pairs (17–21 %). No intraspecific variation in the ITS2 rRNA region was observed for any of the six species for which multiple sequence replicates were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis of 12 operational taxa from Plectropomus together with sequences of three other species from epinepheline serranids demonstrated that Neidhartia and Prosorhynchus were reciprocally monophyletic with the exception that P. wrightae n. sp. fell either within or basal to the Neidhartia species. The richness of bucephalids in species of Plectropomus appears to be exceptional within the Serranidae relative to that observed in other serranid genera in the tropical Indo-West Pacific.
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bucephalidae platyhelminthes digenea of Plectropomus serranidae epinephelinae in the tropical pacific
Parasitology Research, 2013Co-Authors: Terrence L. Miller, Nathan J. Bott, Thomas H. CribbAbstract:We examined four species of Plectropomus Oken, 1817 (Serranidae: Epinephelinae), Plectropomus areolatus (Ruppell), Plectropomus laevis (Lacepede), Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepede) and Plectropomus maculatus (Bloch) from sites off Heron Island and Lizard Island on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia (GBR), and the Gambier Islands, French Polynesia. Three new species of Neidhartia Nagaty, 1937, five new species of Prosorhynchus Odhner, 1905, and one previously described species, Prosorhynchus freitasi Nagaty, 1937, are characterised. The three species of Neidhartia, Neidhartia haywardi n. sp., Neidhartia plectropomi n. sp. and Neidhartia tyleri n. sp. are readily distinguishable morphologically. Two of the six species of Prosorhynchus (Prosorhynchus lesteri n. sp. and Prosorhynchus wrightae n. sp.) are easily distinguished from their other congeners by morphology but the other four species (P. freitasi, Prosorhynchus heronensis n. sp., Prosorhynchus munozae n. sp. and Prosorhynchus plectropomi n. sp.) are generally similar in morphology and were only distinguished initially by comparing their ITS2 rRNA sequences. Three additional taxa, one from the GBR and two from French Polynesia, were recognised as distinct on the basis that their ITS2 rRNA sequences differed from those of the new taxa described here; these species remain unnamed for the present. Inter-specific divergence observed within these genera in the ITS2 rRNA ranged from 10 to 42 base pairs (4–16 %) for species of Neidhartia and 2–57 base pairs (3–21 %) for species of Prosorhynchus. Inter-generic divergences were 42–55 base pairs (17–21 %). No intraspecific variation in the ITS2 rRNA region was observed for any of the six species for which multiple sequence replicates were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis of 12 operational taxa from Plectropomus together with sequences of three other species from epinepheline serranids demonstrated that Neidhartia and Prosorhynchus were reciprocally monophyletic with the exception that P. wrightae n. sp. fell either within or basal to the Neidhartia species. The richness of bucephalids in species of Plectropomus appears to be exceptional within the Serranidae relative to that observed in other serranid genera in the tropical Indo-West Pacific.
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a new species of stephanostomum looss 1899 digenea acanthocolpidae with a bizarre oral sucker s adlardi sp nov from the common coral trout Plectropomus leopardus lacepede 1802 perciformes serranidae from lizard island great barrier reef
Acta Parasitologica, 2007Co-Authors: Rodney A Bray, Thomas H. Cribb, Andrea Waeschenbach, D T J LittlewoodAbstract:A new species of Acanthocolpidae, Stephanostomum adlardi is described from the serranid Plectropomus leopardus from Lizard Island in the northern Great Barrier Reef. It differs from all previously described acanthocolpids in the structure of the oral sucker which is extended into dorsal and ventral lobes each bearing a row of spines. A phylogenetic tree estimated from combined nuclear small and partial large ribosomal RNA gene sequences shows that, despite the unusual oral sucker structure, the species is a true member of the genus Stephanostomum. The molecular results also suggest that Monostephanostomum nolani is derived from within Stephanostomum.
