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Philip J. Harris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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1 3 1 4 s d glucans in the cell walls of the Poales sensu lato an immunogold labeling study using a monoclonal antibody
American Journal of Botany, 2005Co-Authors: Jason A K Trethewey, Lisa M. Campbell, Philip J. HarrisAbstract:(1→3),(1→4)-B-Glucans had previously been detected in nonlignified cell wall preparations of only the Poaceae and five other families in the graminoid clade of the Poales (s.l.). Cell walls of vegetative organs of 12 species in nine families of the Poales (s.l.) were examined by immunogold labeling using a monoclonal antibody to (1→3),(1→4)-B-glucans. Three types of wall-labeling patterns were identified depending on the density of labeling of the nonlignified walls of epidermal and parenchyma cells and the lignified walls of sclerenchyma fibers and xylem tracheary elements: type I in Poaceae and Flagellariaceae, type 2 in Restionaceae and Xyridaceae, and type 3 in Cyperaceae and Juncaceae. Type 1 had the heaviest labeling of nonlignified walls and type 2 the heaviest labeling of lignified walls. Type 3 had the least wall labeling, with only very light labeling of nonlignified and lignified walls. No labeling was found over walls of Typhaceae, Sparganiaceae, or Bromeliaceae. The results are discussed in relation to Poales phylogeny.
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(1[rightwards arrow]3),(1[rightwards arrow]4)-ss-d-Glucans in the cell walls of the Poales (sensu lato): an immunogold labeling study using a monoclonal antibody
American Journal of Botany, 2005Co-Authors: Jason A K Trethewey, Lisa M. Campbell, Philip J. HarrisAbstract:(1[rightwards arrow]3),(1[rightwards arrow]4)-ss-Glucans had previously been detected in nonlignified cell wall preparations of only the Poaceae and five other families in the graminoid clade of the Poales (s.l.). Cell walls of vegetative organs of 12 species in nine families of the Poales (s.l.) were examined by immunogold labeling using a monoclonal antibody to (1[rightwards arrow]3),(1[rightwards arrow]4)-ss-glucans. Three types of wall-labeling patterns were identified depending on the density of labeling of the nonlignified walls of epidermal and parenchyma cells and the lignified walls of sclerenchyma fibers and xylem tracheary elements: type 1 in Poaceae and Flagellariaceae, type 2 in Restionaceae and Xyridaceae, and type 3 in Cyperaceae and Juncaceae. Type 1 had the heaviest labeling of nonlignified walls and type 2 the heaviest labeling of lignified walls. Type 3 had the least wall labeling, with only very light labeling of nonlignified and lignified walls. No labeling was found over walls of Typhaceae, Sparganiaceae, or Bromeliaceae. The results are discussed in relation to Poales phylogeny.
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THE Poales (SENSU LATO): AN IMMUNOGOLD LABELING STUDY USING A MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 1
2005Co-Authors: Jason A K Trethewey, Lisa M. Campbell, Philip J. HarrisAbstract:(1→3),(1→4)-s-Glucans had previously been detected in nonlignified cell wall preparations of only the Poaceae and five other families in the graminoid clade of the Poales (s.l.). Cell walls of vegetative organs of 12 species in nine families of the Poales ( s.l.) were examined by immunogold labeling using a monoclonal antibody to (1→3),(1→4)-s-glucans. Three types of wall-labeling patterns were identified depending on the density of labeling of the nonlignified walls of epidermal and parenchyma cells and the lignified walls of sclerenchyma fibers and xylem tracheary elements: type 1 in Poaceae and Flagellariaceae, type 2 in Restionaceae and Xyridaceae, and type 3 in Cyperaceae and Juncaceae. Type 1 had the heaviest labeling of nonlignified walls and type 2 the heaviest labeling of lignified walls. Type 3 had the least wall labeling, with only very light labeling of nonlignified and lignified walls. No labeling was found over walls of Typhaceae, Sparganiaceae, or Bromeliaceae. The results are discussed in relation to Poales phylogeny.
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The polysaccharide composition of Poales cell walls: Poaceae cell walls are not unique
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 1999Co-Authors: Bronwen G Smith, Philip J. HarrisAbstract:Abstract Monocotyledon families can be divided into two groups depending on the presence (Group A) or absence (Group B) of ferulic acid ester-linked to their unlignified cell walls. The two groups also differ in the major types of non-cellulosic polysaccharides in their unlignified cell walls: in Group A they are glucuronoarabinoxylans (GAXs), and in Group B they are pectic polysaccharides. Previous studies suggested that among the Group A families, the Poaceae (grasses and cereals) was the only family with unlignified cell walls containing (1→3,1→4)- β - d -glucans. Moreover, the unlignified cell walls of the Poaceae contain a smaller proportion of pectic rhamnogalacturonans than those of the other Group A families. However, these studies did not include other families in the order Poales. We examined the polysaccharide compositions of unlignified cell walls from species of six Poales families: Anarthriaceae, Centrolepidaceae, Ecdeiocoleaceae, Flagellariaceae, Poaceae, and Restionaceae. The cell walls of all the species examined contained (1→3,1→4)- β -glucans with the exception of two Restionaceae species; these cell walls also contained similar, small proportions of pectic rhamnogalacturonans. Glucuronoarabinoxylans were a major component of these cell walls and smaller amounts of xyloglucans and glucomannans or galactoglucomannans were also present. We found the polysaccharide compositions of the lignified cell walls were similar and differed in similar ways from the polysaccharide compositions of unlignified cell walls from the same species. Our results are discussed in relation to the possible evolution of Poales families.
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The polysaccharide composition of Poales cell walls: Poaceae cell walls are not unique
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 1999Co-Authors: Bronwen G Smith, Philip J. HarrisAbstract:Abstract Monocotyledon families can be divided into two groups depending on the presence (Group A) or absence (Group B) of ferulic acid ester-linked to their unlignified cell walls. The two groups also differ in the major types of non-cellulosic polysaccharides in their unlignified cell walls: in Group A they are glucuronoarabinoxylans (GAXs), and in Group B they are pectic polysaccharides. Previous studies suggested that among the Group A families, the Poaceae (grasses and cereals) was the only family with unlignified cell walls containing (1→3,1→4)- β - d -glucans. Moreover, the unlignified cell walls of the Poaceae contain a smaller proportion of pectic rhamnogalacturonans than those of the other Group A families. However, these studies did not include other families in the order Poales. We examined the polysaccharide compositions of unlignified cell walls from species of six Poales families: Anarthriaceae, Centrolepidaceae, Ecdeiocoleaceae, Flagellariaceae, Poaceae, and Restionaceae. The cell walls of all the species examined contained (1→3,1→4)- β -glucans with the exception of two Restionaceae species; these cell walls also contained similar, small proportions of pectic rhamnogalacturonans. Glucuronoarabinoxylans were a major component of these cell walls and smaller amounts of xyloglucans and glucomannans or galactoglucomannans were also present. We found the polysaccharide compositions of the lignified cell walls were similar and differed in similar ways from the polysaccharide compositions of unlignified cell walls from the same species. Our results are discussed in relation to the possible evolution of Poales families.
Paula J Rudall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Systematic Placement of Dasypogonaceae Among Commelinid Monocots: Evidence from Flowers and Fruits
The Botanical Review, 2012Co-Authors: Paula J Rudall, John G. ConranAbstract:Despite progress in clarifying the relationships of Dasypogonaceae (four genera, Baxteria, Calectasia, Dasypogon, and Kingia), their infrafamilial relationships and precise affinities within the commelinid clade remain unsatisfactorily resolved. This paper reviews existing data on the systematic affinities of Dasypogonaceae. It also presents new data on floral structure in all four genera, and data on floral ontogeny in Dasypogon. In Dasypogon, Kingia, and Baxteria the ovary is trilocular and septal nectaries are present around the ovary base. In Calectasia, the ovary is unilocular and septal nectaries are entirely absent. Two subfamilial groupings within Dasypogonaceae (Calectasia–Dasypogon and Baxteria–Kingia) are proposed on the basis of leaf anatomy and ovule and ovary morphology. Many floral characters are plesiomorphic in Dasypogonaceae, but some morphological characters support a close relationship with the order Poales sensu lato, especially the epidermal location of the silica bodies. The unusual long-stalked “drumstick” inflorescences of Dasypogon and Kingia resemble those of some Poales, in which flowers are frequently borne on condensed inflorescences. A possible close relationship between Dasypogonaceae and some Poales such as Rapateaceae and Thurniaceae merits further exploration.
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microsporogenesis is simultaneous in the early divergent grass streptochaeta but successive in the closest grass relative ecdeiocolea
Grana, 2009Co-Authors: Maria Das Graças Sajo, Carol A Furness, Paula J RudallAbstract:Simultaneous microsporogenesis is described for the first time in a grass, Streptochaeta spicata Schrad., a tropical Brazilian species that belongs in the early‐divergent subfamily Anomochlooideae. Microsporogenesis is successive in all other Poaceae examined so far, and most other members of the order Poales, to which grasses belong. The only other reports of simultaneous microsporogenesis in Poales are in Rapateaceae and some members of the cyperid clade (Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Prionium and Thurnia). Among the graminids, Ecdeiocolea (the putative closest relative to Poaceae) is successive, as are Joinvillea, Flagellaria and all other Poaceae, indicating that the simultaneous condition is autapomorphic in Streptochaeta, though Anomochloa has yet to be examined. Anther wall development in Streptochaeta is of the reduced type, as also in another early‐divergent grass Pharus, though most other Poales, including most grasses, have the monocot type. In Streptochaeta, as in Pharus, the endothecium lacks thicke...
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Microsporogenesis is simultaneous in the early‐divergent grass Streptochaeta, but successive in the closest grass relative, Ecdeiocolea
Grana, 2009Co-Authors: Maria Das Graças Sajo, Carol A Furness, Paula J RudallAbstract:Simultaneous microsporogenesis is described for the first time in a grass, Streptochaeta spicata Schrad., a tropical Brazilian species that belongs in the early‐divergent subfamily Anomochlooideae. Microsporogenesis is successive in all other Poaceae examined so far, and most other members of the order Poales, to which grasses belong. The only other reports of simultaneous microsporogenesis in Poales are in Rapateaceae and some members of the cyperid clade (Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Prionium and Thurnia). Among the graminids, Ecdeiocolea (the putative closest relative to Poaceae) is successive, as are Joinvillea, Flagellaria and all other Poaceae, indicating that the simultaneous condition is autapomorphic in Streptochaeta, though Anomochloa has yet to be examined. Anther wall development in Streptochaeta is of the reduced type, as also in another early‐divergent grass Pharus, though most other Poales, including most grasses, have the monocot type. In Streptochaeta, as in Pharus, the endothecium lacks thicke...
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Microsporogenesis and anther development in Bromeliaceae
Grana, 2005Co-Authors: Maria Das Graças Sajo, Christina J. Prychid, Paula J RudallAbstract:Bromeliaceae possess several features of pollen and anther wall development that are plesiomorphic for Poales, consistent with their putatively basal or near‐basal placement in this order. For example, successive microsporogenesis and the monocotyledonous type of anther wall formation are both plesiomorphic features that occur commonly in other Poales, with a few notable exceptions, notably the simultaneous type of microsporogenesis in Rapateaceae. The intermediate type of tapetum development in Bromeliaceae was probably derived secondarily from a secretory type, which occurs in most other Poales except Typhaceae.
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Evolutionary History of Poales
Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, 2005Co-Authors: H. Peter Linder, Paula J RudallAbstract:The predominantly wind-pollinated order Poales includes about one third of all monocot (Angiosperm) species, with c. 20,000 species dominating modern savanna and steppe vegetation. Recent improvements in understanding relationships within the order allow phylogenetic optimizations of habitat preferences and adaptive character states, enabling exploration of the factors that have influenced evolution in this successful order. Poales probably originated in the late Cretaceous in wet nutrient-poor sunny habitats. By the Paleogene the lineage had diversified into swamps, the forest understory, epiphytic habitats, and nutrient-poor heathlands. The Neogene saw major diversifications of the grasses and possibly the sedges into fire-adapted vegetation in seasonal climates and low atmospheric $CO_{2}$. Diversification into these habitats was facilitated by morphological features such as the sympodial habit and physiological factors that allowed frequent evolution of $CO_{2}-concentrating$ mechanisms.
Vera Lucia Scatena - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seed micromorphology and its taxonomic significance to xyris xyridaceae Poales
Brazilian Journal of Botany, 2016Co-Authors: Kaire De Oliveira Nardi, Aline Oriani, Vera Lucia ScatenaAbstract:The seed micromorphology was studied in eight species of Xyris (Xyridaceae) with taxonomic purposes. The results show that the presence of longitudinal endotegmic ridges in the seed coat is a pattern for the genus and that the shape of these ridges differentiates among the species. The following characteristics are also useful to identify the species: shape and size of the seed, number of cell rows between the ridges, and the striation pattern of the seed coat. Based on these characteristics, a standard terminology is proposed to describe the seed coat in species of the genus. An identification key for the studied species is also provided.
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occurrence and evolutionary inferences about kranz anatomy in cyperaceae Poales
Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias, 2015Co-Authors: Shirley Martins, Marccus Alves, Vera Lucia ScatenaAbstract:Cyperaceae is an angiosperm family with the greatest diversity of species with Kranz anatomy. Four different types of Kranz anatomy (chlorocyperoid, eleocharoid, fimbristyloid and rhynchosporoid) have been described for this angiosperm family, and the occurrence and structural characteristics of these types are important to trace evolutionary hypotheses. The purpose of this study was to examine the available data on Cyperaceae Kranz anatomy, emphasizing taxonomy, geographic distribution, habitat and anatomy, to infer the potential origin of the Kranz anatomy in this family. The results showed that the four types of Kranz anatomy (associated with C4 photosynthesis) in Cyperaceae emerged numerous times in unrelated phylogenetic groups. However, the convergence of these anatomical types, except rhynchosporoid, was observed in certain groups. Thus, the diverse origin of these species might result from different environmental pressures that promote photorespiration. Greater variation in occurrence of Kranz anatomy and anatomical types was observed in Eleocharis, whose emergence of the C4 pathway was recent compared with other genera in the family, and the species of this genus are located in aquatic environments.
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An Overview About Ultrastructure of Kranz Anatomy in Cyperaceae (Poales)
Rodriguésia, 2015Co-Authors: Shirley Martins, Silvia Rodrigues Machado, Vera Lucia ScatenaAbstract:An overview about ultrastructure of Kranz anatomy in Cyperaceae (Poales) - The ultrastructure of the Kranz tissues in Cyperaceae species with the four types of Kranz anatomy (chlorocyperoid, eleocharoid, fimbristyloid and rhynchosporoid) was studied and compared with species already described in the literature, with the goal verifying the occurrence of patterns for the Kranz types. In addition, chloroplasts and mitochondria were quantified for the first time for all Kranz types. The chloroplast’s structure is similar in the mesophyll cells (PCA) in the four Kranz types, but differs in some features in the bundle sheath cells (PCR). In the chlorocyperoid and rhynchosporoid types the bundle sheath cells (PCR) present centrifugal or scattered chloroplasts with convoluted or parallel thylakoids. In the eleocharoid types, the chloroplasts are scattered with parallel thylakoids. The fimbristyloid type presents centrifugal chloroplasts with convoluted and parallel thylakoids. To eleocharoid and fimbristyloid types and to Cyperus and Pycreus (chlorocyperoid) was observed pattern in the chloroplasts position. In most of the studied species the number of mitochondria in the bundle sheath cells (PCR) is significantly higher than in the mesophyll cells (PCA) and this result diverges from the results found in previous studies.
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The taxonomic value of floral characters in Rapateaceae (Poales-Monocotyledons)
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2013Co-Authors: Aline Oriani, Vera Lucia ScatenaAbstract:The floral anatomy of Cephalostemon , Monotrema , Rapatea , Spathanthus , and Stegolepis was studied for taxonomic purposes. All species studied share colleters between the floral parts; sepals, petals, anthers, and style covered by an ornamented cuticle; short epidermal cells with sinuous walls on the abaxial surface of the petals; tetrasporangiate anthers with phenolic idioblasts in the epidermis; endothecium with spiral thickenings; incompletely septate ovary; and anatropous, bitegmic ovules. The floral anatomy is useful not only for characterizing the family, but also for delimiting the subfamilies and genera. Sepals with silica bodies in the epidermal cells; mature anther wall composed of epidermis, endothecium, and middle layer; absence of phenolic idioblasts in the sepals, filaments, and ovary; and stylar epidermal cells with thickened external periclinal wall support Rapateoideae. Cephalostemon and Rapatea show a great number of similarities, corroborating their close relationship indicated in the phylogenetic analyses of the family. Monotrema shares few characters with the genera of Rapateoideae, corroborating its placement in Monotremoideae. Stegolepis shows several distinctive characters, probably related to the greater diversity found in this genus.
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contributions to the floral anatomy of juncaceae Poales monocotyledons
Flora, 2012Co-Authors: Aline Oriani, Thomas Stützel, Vera Lucia ScatenaAbstract:Juncaceae are a cosmopolitan family divided into seven genera with a total of about 440 species. The floral anatomy of Juncus and Luzula, the two largest genera, was investigated to provide information for the understanding of the Juncaceae. The anatomical pattern found in both genera is very uniform. The main features shared by the species studied are: tepals with sinuous-walled cells on the abaxial surface and with bilayered margins consisting of upper and lower epidermis; the presence of a supporting tissue in the tepal mesophyll; pollen sac endothecium with spiral thickenings; pollen in tetrads; a furrow in the ovary epidermis facing the dorsal carpellary bundles; and a gynophore. Juncus is distinguished by the presence of stomata on the abaxial epidermis of the tepals, and several ovules with parietal placentation. Luzula differs by the occurrence of phenolic compounds in the tepals; a swelling of the basal region of the tepals and filaments; and a unilocular gynoecium with basal placentation, an ovarian obturator and three ovules. This is the first detailed anatomical description of Juncaceae flowers and their characteristics are useful for delimiting the studied genera and will contribute to the knowledge of the reproductive biology of the family. Swelling of tepal and filament bases is a novel and remarkable peculiarity of Luzula and is probably related to its floral biology, favoring the opening of flowers during anthesis. The presence of an ovarian obturator in Luzula is also first reported here and – besides its taxonomic value – it has a functional importance of guiding pollen tube growth.
Lisa M. Campbell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pollen Morphology of Xyridaceae Systematic (Poales) and its Potential
The Botanical Review, 2012Co-Authors: Lisa M. CampbellAbstract:Xyridaceae are a predominantly tropical family of five genera that exhibit two pollen morphologies often considered to be of taxonomic importance. Xyris comprises about 95% of the species and is characterized by medium to large, elliptic, sulcate pollen grains. The other pollen class is spheroidal grains without an evident aperture. Many of the species with spheroidal grains have remarkably large and ornamented pollen found to be species specific in earlier research. A scanning electron microscopy investigation of 23 taxa representing all genera with spheroidal pollen revealed new data to further distinguish the genera based on pollen characters. Reliable specific pollen characters need to be evaluated in a statistical study.
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Pollen Morphology of Xyridaceae (Poales) and its Systematic Potential
2012Co-Authors: Lisa M. CampbellAbstract:Xyridaceae are a predominantly tropical family of five genera that exhibit two pollenmorphologies often consideredtobe of taxonomic importance.Xyris comprises about 95% of the species and is characterized by medium to large, elliptic, sulcate pollen grains. The other pollen class is spheroidal grains without an evident aperture. Many of the species with spheroidal grains have remarkably large and ornamented pollen found to be species specific in earlier research. A scanning electron micros- copy investigation of 23 taxa representing all genera with spheroidal pollen revealed new data to further distinguish the genera based on pollen characters. Reliable specific pollen characters need to be evaluated in a statistical study.
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1 3 1 4 s d glucans in the cell walls of the Poales sensu lato an immunogold labeling study using a monoclonal antibody
American Journal of Botany, 2005Co-Authors: Jason A K Trethewey, Lisa M. Campbell, Philip J. HarrisAbstract:(1→3),(1→4)-B-Glucans had previously been detected in nonlignified cell wall preparations of only the Poaceae and five other families in the graminoid clade of the Poales (s.l.). Cell walls of vegetative organs of 12 species in nine families of the Poales (s.l.) were examined by immunogold labeling using a monoclonal antibody to (1→3),(1→4)-B-glucans. Three types of wall-labeling patterns were identified depending on the density of labeling of the nonlignified walls of epidermal and parenchyma cells and the lignified walls of sclerenchyma fibers and xylem tracheary elements: type I in Poaceae and Flagellariaceae, type 2 in Restionaceae and Xyridaceae, and type 3 in Cyperaceae and Juncaceae. Type 1 had the heaviest labeling of nonlignified walls and type 2 the heaviest labeling of lignified walls. Type 3 had the least wall labeling, with only very light labeling of nonlignified and lignified walls. No labeling was found over walls of Typhaceae, Sparganiaceae, or Bromeliaceae. The results are discussed in relation to Poales phylogeny.
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(1[rightwards arrow]3),(1[rightwards arrow]4)-ss-d-Glucans in the cell walls of the Poales (sensu lato): an immunogold labeling study using a monoclonal antibody
American Journal of Botany, 2005Co-Authors: Jason A K Trethewey, Lisa M. Campbell, Philip J. HarrisAbstract:(1[rightwards arrow]3),(1[rightwards arrow]4)-ss-Glucans had previously been detected in nonlignified cell wall preparations of only the Poaceae and five other families in the graminoid clade of the Poales (s.l.). Cell walls of vegetative organs of 12 species in nine families of the Poales (s.l.) were examined by immunogold labeling using a monoclonal antibody to (1[rightwards arrow]3),(1[rightwards arrow]4)-ss-glucans. Three types of wall-labeling patterns were identified depending on the density of labeling of the nonlignified walls of epidermal and parenchyma cells and the lignified walls of sclerenchyma fibers and xylem tracheary elements: type 1 in Poaceae and Flagellariaceae, type 2 in Restionaceae and Xyridaceae, and type 3 in Cyperaceae and Juncaceae. Type 1 had the heaviest labeling of nonlignified walls and type 2 the heaviest labeling of lignified walls. Type 3 had the least wall labeling, with only very light labeling of nonlignified and lignified walls. No labeling was found over walls of Typhaceae, Sparganiaceae, or Bromeliaceae. The results are discussed in relation to Poales phylogeny.
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THE Poales (SENSU LATO): AN IMMUNOGOLD LABELING STUDY USING A MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 1
2005Co-Authors: Jason A K Trethewey, Lisa M. Campbell, Philip J. HarrisAbstract:(1→3),(1→4)-s-Glucans had previously been detected in nonlignified cell wall preparations of only the Poaceae and five other families in the graminoid clade of the Poales (s.l.). Cell walls of vegetative organs of 12 species in nine families of the Poales ( s.l.) were examined by immunogold labeling using a monoclonal antibody to (1→3),(1→4)-s-glucans. Three types of wall-labeling patterns were identified depending on the density of labeling of the nonlignified walls of epidermal and parenchyma cells and the lignified walls of sclerenchyma fibers and xylem tracheary elements: type 1 in Poaceae and Flagellariaceae, type 2 in Restionaceae and Xyridaceae, and type 3 in Cyperaceae and Juncaceae. Type 1 had the heaviest labeling of nonlignified walls and type 2 the heaviest labeling of lignified walls. Type 3 had the least wall labeling, with only very light labeling of nonlignified and lignified walls. No labeling was found over walls of Typhaceae, Sparganiaceae, or Bromeliaceae. The results are discussed in relation to Poales phylogeny.
Jason A K Trethewey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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1 3 1 4 s d glucans in the cell walls of the Poales sensu lato an immunogold labeling study using a monoclonal antibody
American Journal of Botany, 2005Co-Authors: Jason A K Trethewey, Lisa M. Campbell, Philip J. HarrisAbstract:(1→3),(1→4)-B-Glucans had previously been detected in nonlignified cell wall preparations of only the Poaceae and five other families in the graminoid clade of the Poales (s.l.). Cell walls of vegetative organs of 12 species in nine families of the Poales (s.l.) were examined by immunogold labeling using a monoclonal antibody to (1→3),(1→4)-B-glucans. Three types of wall-labeling patterns were identified depending on the density of labeling of the nonlignified walls of epidermal and parenchyma cells and the lignified walls of sclerenchyma fibers and xylem tracheary elements: type I in Poaceae and Flagellariaceae, type 2 in Restionaceae and Xyridaceae, and type 3 in Cyperaceae and Juncaceae. Type 1 had the heaviest labeling of nonlignified walls and type 2 the heaviest labeling of lignified walls. Type 3 had the least wall labeling, with only very light labeling of nonlignified and lignified walls. No labeling was found over walls of Typhaceae, Sparganiaceae, or Bromeliaceae. The results are discussed in relation to Poales phylogeny.
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(1[rightwards arrow]3),(1[rightwards arrow]4)-ss-d-Glucans in the cell walls of the Poales (sensu lato): an immunogold labeling study using a monoclonal antibody
American Journal of Botany, 2005Co-Authors: Jason A K Trethewey, Lisa M. Campbell, Philip J. HarrisAbstract:(1[rightwards arrow]3),(1[rightwards arrow]4)-ss-Glucans had previously been detected in nonlignified cell wall preparations of only the Poaceae and five other families in the graminoid clade of the Poales (s.l.). Cell walls of vegetative organs of 12 species in nine families of the Poales (s.l.) were examined by immunogold labeling using a monoclonal antibody to (1[rightwards arrow]3),(1[rightwards arrow]4)-ss-glucans. Three types of wall-labeling patterns were identified depending on the density of labeling of the nonlignified walls of epidermal and parenchyma cells and the lignified walls of sclerenchyma fibers and xylem tracheary elements: type 1 in Poaceae and Flagellariaceae, type 2 in Restionaceae and Xyridaceae, and type 3 in Cyperaceae and Juncaceae. Type 1 had the heaviest labeling of nonlignified walls and type 2 the heaviest labeling of lignified walls. Type 3 had the least wall labeling, with only very light labeling of nonlignified and lignified walls. No labeling was found over walls of Typhaceae, Sparganiaceae, or Bromeliaceae. The results are discussed in relation to Poales phylogeny.
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THE Poales (SENSU LATO): AN IMMUNOGOLD LABELING STUDY USING A MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 1
2005Co-Authors: Jason A K Trethewey, Lisa M. Campbell, Philip J. HarrisAbstract:(1→3),(1→4)-s-Glucans had previously been detected in nonlignified cell wall preparations of only the Poaceae and five other families in the graminoid clade of the Poales (s.l.). Cell walls of vegetative organs of 12 species in nine families of the Poales ( s.l.) were examined by immunogold labeling using a monoclonal antibody to (1→3),(1→4)-s-glucans. Three types of wall-labeling patterns were identified depending on the density of labeling of the nonlignified walls of epidermal and parenchyma cells and the lignified walls of sclerenchyma fibers and xylem tracheary elements: type 1 in Poaceae and Flagellariaceae, type 2 in Restionaceae and Xyridaceae, and type 3 in Cyperaceae and Juncaceae. Type 1 had the heaviest labeling of nonlignified walls and type 2 the heaviest labeling of lignified walls. Type 3 had the least wall labeling, with only very light labeling of nonlignified and lignified walls. No labeling was found over walls of Typhaceae, Sparganiaceae, or Bromeliaceae. The results are discussed in relation to Poales phylogeny.
