Poecilia

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Ingo Schlupp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Additional file 8: of The gonadal transcriptome of the unisexual Amazon molly Poecilia formosa in comparison to its sexual ancestors, Poecilia mexicana and Poecilia latipinna
    2018
    Co-Authors: Ina Schedina, Ingo Schlupp, Detlef Groth, Ralph Tiedemann
    Abstract:

    Blast results for the sequence comparisons between the Poecilia latipinna transcriptome and the Uniprot/Swiss-Prot database. (TXT 7176 kb

  • Pre-existing biases for swords in mollies ( Poecilia )
    Behavioral Ecology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Amber M. Makowicz, Jessie C. Tanner, Eric K. Dumas, Cameron D. Siler, Ingo Schlupp
    Abstract:

    Pre-existing female biases are female preferences for a particular trait that evolved prior to the evolution of that trait. Phylogenies are needed to show when the preference and trait have originated. In several live-bearing fishes (Poeciliidae), females show pre-existing biases for male swords, a colorful extension of the caudal fin. Here, we investigated the pre-existing bias hypothesis by predicting preferences for a sword in several molly species, including 2 unusual species in the monophyletic subclade Mollienesia: the Amazon molly, Poecilia formosa, a sperm-dependent hybrid form, and the Tamesi molly, Poecilia latipunctata, a species in the long-fin molly clade, that has a short-fin morphology. Using published sequence data available for this family, behavioral approaches, robust phylogenetic analyses, and Bayesian ancestral state reconstructions, we tested whether the hybrid P. formosa has a preference similar to the maternal ancestor, Poecilia mexicana, or the paternal ancestor, Poecilia latipinna. Surprisingly, the preference shown by P. formosa was variable between populations and matched the preference found in the co-occurring host species. In P. latipunctata, we found a pre-existing bias for sworded males, suggesting that this represents an ancestral trait for the long-fin molly clade. On the basis of the combined evidence from multiple studies, it seems as if pre-existing biases for sworded males are relatively basal to poeciliids and that existing phylogenetic relationships allow us to predict sensory biases.

  • feeding rates in the sailfin molly Poecilia latipinna and its coexisting sexual parasite the gynogenetic amazon molly Poecilia formosa
    Journal of Fish Biology, 2010
    Co-Authors: C. Fischer, Ingo Schlupp
    Abstract:

    Feeding rates of the gynogenetic Amazon molly Poecilia formosa and one of its sexual hosts, the sailfin molly Poecilia latipinna, were measured under winter and summer temperature conditions. Food consumption of the unisexual P. formosa in winter conditions was significantly higher than that of P. latipinna, and it is hypothesized that the resulting food stress might have an important influence on the population composition of these closely related fishes via higher winter mortality in P. formosa.

  • Male Mate Choice in Mixed Bisexual/Unisexual Breeding Complexes of Poecilia (Teleostei: Poeciliidae)
    Ethology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Ingo Schlupp, Jakob Parzefall, Manfred Schartl
    Abstract:

    The livebearing all-female fish Poecilia formosa reproduces by gynogenesis, a modified form of parthenogenesis. P. formosa forms at least two breeding complexes: in its northern range it exists sympatrically with Poecilia latipinna and in its southern range with Poecilia mexicana. Differences between these complexes and their possible origin are discussed. Embryogenesis is triggered by sperm of males of these closely related sympatric species. Because inheritance is strictly maternal, from the male point of view energy and time invested are totally lost. In this study we wanted to elucidate whether males are able to distinguish between conspecific and parasitic females. It could be shown that males are able to distinguish females optically, but that this ability was obscured as soon as chemical and/or tactile contact was possible. Furthermore, we found that females in an attractive phase of their sexual cycle are always preferred, regardless of species. This is possibly the mechanism by which parasitic females obtain the matings they need to reproduce.

  • Convergent life-history shifts: toxic environments result in big babies in two clades of poeciliids
    Naturwissenschaften, 2010
    Co-Authors: Rüdiger Riesch, Martin Plath, Francisco J. García De León, Ingo Schlupp
    Abstract:

    The majority of studies on ecological speciation in animals have investigated the divergence caused by biotic factors like divergent food sources or predatory regimes. Here, we examined a system where ecological speciation can clearly be ascribed to abiotic environmental gradients of naturally occurring toxic hydrogen sulfide (H_2S). In southern Mexico, two genera of livebearing fishes (Poeciliidae: Poecilia and Gambusia ) thrive in various watercourses with different concentrations of H_2S. Previous studies have revealed pronounced genetic differentiation between different locally adapted populations in one species ( Poecilia mexicana ), pointing towards incipient speciation. In the present study, we examined female reproductive life-history traits in two species pairs: Gambusia sexradiata (from a nonsulfidic and a sulfidic habitat) and Gambusia eurystoma (sulfide-endemic), as well as P. mexicana (nonsulfidic and sulfidic) and Poecilia sulphuraria (sulfide endemic). We found convergent divergence of life-history traits in response to sulfide; most prominently, extremophile poeciliids exhibit drastically increased offspring size coupled with reduced fecundity. Furthermore, within each genus, this trend increased with increasing sulfide concentrations and was most pronounced in the two endemic sulfur-adapted species. We discuss the adaptive significance of large offspring size in toxic environments and propose that divergent life-history evolution may promote further ecological divergence through isolation by adaptation.

Ellen M Rasch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Martin Plath - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • female body size and
    2016
    Co-Authors: Martin Plath, Rüdiger Riesch, Zach Culumber, Bruno Streit, Michael Tobler
    Abstract:

    Giant water bug (Belostoma sp.) predation on a cave fish (Poecilia mexicana): effects o

  • DOI 10.1007/s00265-005-0152-2 ORIGINAL ARTICLE
    2014
    Co-Authors: Michael Tobler, Martin Plath, Heike Burmeister
    Abstract:

    Abstract We investigated whether female association preferences for males are influenced by black spot disease (BSD), a parasite induced change of the host phenotype. We compared three different species of fish: a gynogenetic hybrid species, Poecilia formosa (amazon molly) and two sexual species (Poecilia latipinna and Poecilia mexicana), which were involved in the natural hybridisation leading to the amazon molly. Contrary to their sexual relatives, asexual amazon mollies significantly avoided images of males infected with black spot disease. We propose that amazon molly females have direct fitness benefits from choosing healthy males. The adaptive significance of the preference for BSD-uninfected males in the asexual amazon molly is yet unclear but may involve avoidance of predation or parasite infection as well as increased sperm availability

  • dietary niche overlap in sympatric asexual and sexual livebearing fishes Poecilia spp
    Journal of Fish Biology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Kristin Scharnweber, Martin Plath, Kirk O. Winemiller, Michael Tobler
    Abstract:

    The present study investigated the spatiotemporal patterns in trophic resource use in a system of a gynogenetic poeciliid fish, the Amazon molly Poecilia formosa, and its sexual congeners the sailfin molly Poecilia latipinna and the Atlantic molly Poecilia mexicana using gut contents analysis. No statistically significant differences in trophic resource use were found between sexual and gynogenetic species, but gut contents varied significantly across sites and over time. In addition, variation in trophic morphology (i.e. gut length) was significant across sites but not species, and laboratory experiments indicated that gut length is phenotypically plastic. Overall, trophic differentiation between coexisting asexual and sexual Poecilia appears to be minimal, and it is unlikely that niche differentiation contributes to a stable coexistence of the two reproductive forms.

  • Convergent life-history shifts: toxic environments result in big babies in two clades of poeciliids
    Naturwissenschaften, 2010
    Co-Authors: Rüdiger Riesch, Martin Plath, Francisco J. García De León, Ingo Schlupp
    Abstract:

    The majority of studies on ecological speciation in animals have investigated the divergence caused by biotic factors like divergent food sources or predatory regimes. Here, we examined a system where ecological speciation can clearly be ascribed to abiotic environmental gradients of naturally occurring toxic hydrogen sulfide (H_2S). In southern Mexico, two genera of livebearing fishes (Poeciliidae: Poecilia and Gambusia ) thrive in various watercourses with different concentrations of H_2S. Previous studies have revealed pronounced genetic differentiation between different locally adapted populations in one species ( Poecilia mexicana ), pointing towards incipient speciation. In the present study, we examined female reproductive life-history traits in two species pairs: Gambusia sexradiata (from a nonsulfidic and a sulfidic habitat) and Gambusia eurystoma (sulfide-endemic), as well as P. mexicana (nonsulfidic and sulfidic) and Poecilia sulphuraria (sulfide endemic). We found convergent divergence of life-history traits in response to sulfide; most prominently, extremophile poeciliids exhibit drastically increased offspring size coupled with reduced fecundity. Furthermore, within each genus, this trend increased with increasing sulfide concentrations and was most pronounced in the two endemic sulfur-adapted species. We discuss the adaptive significance of large offspring size in toxic environments and propose that divergent life-history evolution may promote further ecological divergence through isolation by adaptation.

  • Variation along the shy–bold continuum in extremophile fishes (Poecilia mexicana, Poecilia sulphuraria)
    Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Rüdiger Riesch, Kristin Scharnweber, Virginia Duwe, Nina Herrmann, Lisa Padur, Annemarie Ramm, Matthias Schulte, Tanja Schulz-mirbach, Madlen Ziege, Martin Plath
    Abstract:

    One potential trade-off that bold individuals face is between increased predation risks and gains in resources. Individuals experiencing high predation and hungry individuals (or individuals with low body condition) are predicted to show increased boldness. We examined one behavioral trait previously reported to be associated with boldness (the time individual fish needed to emerge from shelter) in various populations of mollies (Poecilia spp.). Our study system included several southern Mexican surface streams with high piscine predation and high food availability, sulfidic surface streams with high avian predation, in which the inhabiting fish show reduced body condition, and a sulfidic cave, where predation and body condition are low. Our comparison revealed very short times to emerge from the start box in populations from non-sulfidic streams. In sulfidic habitats (whether surface or cave), it took individual Poecilia mexicana considerably longer to emerge from the start box, and the same difference was also found in an independent comparison between P. mexicana and the closely related, highly sulfide-adapted Poecilia sulphuraria. Fish reared under common garden conditions (in the absence of predators and hydrogen sulfide) showed intermediate boldness scores to the extremes observed in the field. Our data thus indicate that (a) boldness is shaped by environmental conditions/experiential effects, but is not heritable, (b) predation affects boldness in the predicted direction, but (c) low body condition leads to reduced boldness. Extremophile Poecilia spp. spend most of their time surfacing to survive under sulfidic and hypoxic conditions, which exposes them to increased levels of predations, but the fish forage on the bottom. Hence, in this system, increased boldness does not increase foraging success. We argue that energy limitation favors reducing energetically costly behaviors, and exploring novel environments may be just one of them.

Paul J Monaco - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

L Sola - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

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