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Pinzón Fuchs Erich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Econometrics as a Pluralistic Scientific Tool for Economic Planning: On Lawrence R. Klein's Econometrics
HAL CCSD, 2014Co-Authors: Pinzón Fuchs ErichAbstract:URL des Documents de travail : http://centredeconomiesorbonne.univ-paris1.fr/documents-de-travail/Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 2014.80 - ISSN : 1955-611XLawrence R. Klein (1920-2013) played a major role in the construction and in the further dissemination of econometrics from the 1940s. Considered as one the main developers and practitioners of macroeconometrics, Klein's influence is reflected in his application of econometric modelling “to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies” for which he was awarded the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel in 1980. The purpose of this paper is to give an account of Klein's image of econometrics focusing on his early period as an econometrician (1944-1950), and more specifically on his period as a Cowlesman (1944-1947). Independently of how short this period might appear, it contains a set of fundamental publications and events, which were decisive for Klein's conception of econometrics, and which formed Klein's unique way of doing econometrics. At least four features are worth mentioning, which characterise this uniqueness. First, Klein was the only Cowlesman who carried on the macroeconometric programme beyond the 1940s, even if the Cowles had already abandoned it. Second, his pluralistic approach in terms of economic theory allowed him not only to use the Walrasian framework appraised by the Cowles Commission and especially by T.C. Koopmans, but also the Marxian and Keynesian frameworks, enriching the process of model specification and motivating economists of different stripes to make use of the nascent econometrics. Third, Klein differentiated himself from the rigid methodology praised at Cowles; while the latter promoted the use of highly sophisticated methods of estimation, Klein was convinced that institutional reality and economic intuition would contribute more to econometrics than the sophistication of these statistical techniques. Last but not least, Klein never gave up what he thought was the Political Objective of econometrics: economic planning and social reform
Erich Pinzón-fuchs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Econometrics as a Pluralistic Scientific Tool for Economic Planning: On Lawrence R. Klein's Econometrics
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Erich Pinzón-fuchsAbstract:Lawrence R. Klein (1920-2013) played a major role in the construction and in the further dissemination of econometrics from the 1940s. Considered as one of the main developers and practitioners of macroeconometrics, Klein's influence is reflected in his application of econometric modelling " to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies " for which he was awarded the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel in 1980. The purpose of this paper is to give an account of Klein's image of econometrics focusing on his early period as an econometrician (1944-1950), and more specifically on his period as a Cowlesman (1944-1947). Independently of how short this period might appear, it contains a set of fundamental publications and events, which were decisive for Klein's conception of econometrics, and which formed Klein's unique way of doing econometrics. At least four features are worth mentioning, which characterise this uniqueness. First, Klein was the only Cowlesman who carried on the macroeconometric programme beyond the 1940s, even if the Cowles had already abandoned it. Second, his pluralistic approach in terms of economic theory allowed him not only to use the Walrasian framework appraised by the Cowles Commission and especially by T.C. Koopmans, but also the Marxian and Keynesian frameworks, enriching the process of model specification and motivating economists of different stripes to make use of the nascent econometrics. Third, Klein differentiated himself from the rigid methodology praised at Cowles; while the latter promoted the use of highly sophisticated methods of estimation, Klein was convinced that institutional reality and economic intuition would contribute more to econometrics than the sophistication of these statistical techniques. Last but not least, Klein never gave up what he thought was the Political Objective of econometrics: economic planning and social reform.
Norman L Cigar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genocide in bosnia the policy of ethnic cleansing
1995Co-Authors: Norman L CigarAbstract:Few events in history have received as much real-time exposure as the atrocities in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Few dilemmas have perplexed peacekeepers and negotiators as has the victimization of Muslims in the former Yugoslavia. With the memories of the Jewish holocaust so freshly etched in people's memories, could such genocide have happened again? What catalysts vault nationalism across the threshold into inhumanity? In this compelling and thorough study, Norman Cigar sets out to prove that genocide in Bosnia-Herzegovina is not simply the unintentional result of civil war nor the unfortunate by-product of rabid nationalism. Genocide is, he contends, the planned and direct consequence of conscious policy decisions taken by the Serbian establishment in Serbia and Bosnia-Herzegovina. Its policies were carried out in a deliberate and systematic manner as part of a broader strategy intended to achieve a defined Political Objective--the creation of an expanded, ethnically pure Greater Serbia. Using testimony from congressional hearings, policy statements, interviews, and reports from the western and local media, the author describes a sinister policy of victimization that escalated from vilification to threats, then expulsion, torture, and killing. Cigar also takes the international community to task for its reluctance to act decisively and effectively. "The longer the world did nothing concrete about Bosnia-Herzegovina, the more unlikely it became that the situation would be reversed, as the country was torn apart or its population scattered or killed." "Genocide in Bosnia" provides a detailed account of the historical events, actions, and practices that led to and legitimated genocide in Bosnia-Herzegovina. It focuses attention not only on the horror of "ethnic cleansing" and the calculated strategy that allowed it to happen but also offers some interesting solutions to the problem. Cigar's book is important reading for anyone interested in the inherent violence of overzealous nationalism--from Rwanda to Afghanistan and anywhere else.
Sánchez Sánchez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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La Felicidad como problema y solución políticos: análisis sobre lo socialmente deseable a través de las medidas de bienestar de gobiernos e instituciones internacionales y de los spots electorales españoles de antes y de después de la crisis económic
'Universitat Pompeu Fabra', 2022Co-Authors: Sánchez SánchezAbstract:A escala internacional, la felicidad como objetivo político ha adquirido relevancia durante las últimas décadas, especialmente tras la crisis económica de 2008. Este asunto suele ir acompañado de críticas al capitalismo y al crecimiento económico y de argumentos provenientes de la corriente de pensamiento de la Ciencia de la Felicidad. Sin embargo, esta meta social y política cuenta con múltiples críticas conceptuales y metodológicas, que suscitan preguntas como cómo se relaciona el discurso de la felicidad política con otros discursos acerca de lo socialmente deseable y políticamente proporcionable o cómo éste se relaciona con un contexto socioeconómico determinado. Para responder estas cuestiones, en primer lugar, se realiza un análisis de contenido de trece índices y medidas de felicidad con vocación política. De esta forma, es posible identificar cuáles son las dimensiones políticamente relacionadas con el concepto de bienestar. En segundo lugar, se realiza un análisis semiótico-narrativo de los spots para las elecciones a las Cortes Generales de las principales formaciones políticas en España (PP, el PSOE, IU, Podemos, UP y Cs, desde 1993 hasta 2016), un país en el que la felicidad como objetivo político no se ha institucionalizado. Los resultados muestran que aquellos aspectos relacionados con la satisfacción vital propuestos desde la Ciencia de la Felicidad suelen tener un papel central en los spots electorales españoles. Además, el discurso sobre la felicidad como fin político contenido en las medidas de bienestar social analizadas es una forma distinta de articular aquello que ya es considerado como socialmente deseable. Esto parecería reafirmar las culturas y estructuras de poder existentes. Asimismo, el surgimiento de la crisis económica no supone un cambio sustancial en lo socialmente deseable en España, pero sí en cómo es planteado narrativamente por los partidos de gobierno. Estos cambios se relacionan con algunas características identificadas en el discurso de la felicidad como objetivo social, lo que apuntaría hacia cierta relación entre los discursos sobre lo socialmente deseable y el contexto socioeconómico.At an international scale, happiness as a Political Objective has gained relevance during the last decades, especially after the economic crisis of 2008. This topic is often accompanied by critiques of capitalism and economic growth as well as supporting arguments coming from the thought current of the Science of Happiness. However, this social and Political goal has multiple conceptual and methodological criticism, which raise questions such as how the discourse of Political happiness relates to other discourses about what is socially desirable and Politically feasible or how it relates to a given socio-economic context. To answer these questions, firstly, a content analysis of thirteen happiness indexes and measures with a Political vocation is carried out. This way, it is possible to identify the dimensions Politically related to the concept of well-being. Secondly, a semiotic-narrative analysis of the television commercials for the Spanish election to the General Courts is done focusing on the main Political formations in Spain (PP, PSOE, IU, Podemos, UP and Cs, from 1993 to 2016), a country where happiness as a Political Objective has not been institutionalised. Results show that the topics related to the idea of life-satisfaction proposed by the Science of Happiness frequently have a central role in the Spanish electoral advertisements. In addition, the discourse on happiness as a Political end contained in the analysed measures for social well-being is a different way of articulating what has already been considered as socially desirable. This seems to reaffirm the existing cultures and power structures. Likewise, the emergence of the economic crisis does not imply a specific change in what is socially desirable in Spain, but, rather, in the way it is narratively exposed by the government parties. These changes are related to some characteristics identified in the discourse of happiness as a social Objective, which would indicate a relationship between the discourses on the socially desirable and the socio-economic context
Ludvík Zdeněk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Control of territory as a factor for the effective implementation of a Political Objective of an Islamist violent non-state actor
2018Co-Authors: Ludvík ZdeněkAbstract:This thesis wants to make clear the theoretical concept in the form of a testable hypothesis on the relationship between the Political control of the territory by a Violent Non-State Actor (VNSA) and the effectiveness of realization of its Political Objective (policies). Since in the literature there is no explicit theory or theorization that would reflect the varying degree of effectiveness with regard to the varying degree of territorial penetration, and there are no explicit parametric indicators and values that may be necessary for effective achievement of the Political Objective in relation to the territory, the purpose of the research will be to answer the question whether, how and to what extent the intensity of the physical penetration of the territory is related to the ability to more easily and efficiently achieve the goals for which the VNSA has been established and has strived. A general definition of threshold values of the penetration can also provide partial piece of knowledge for practical policies and approaches to territorial VNSA on the part of states (counterinsurgency actors). Although there is no explicit use of any of the theories of international relations in the research, the used theoretical framework is inspired by a) approaches to Political geography and outlines of..