The Experts below are selected from a list of 315 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Colleen Galambos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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FROM THE EDITOR: Political Tolerance, SOCIAL WORK VALUES, AND SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION
Journal of Social Work Education, 2009Co-Authors: Colleen GalambosAbstract:(2009). FROM THE EDITOR: Political Tolerance, SOCIAL WORK VALUES, AND SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION. Journal of Social Work Education: Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 343-348.
William A. Cunningham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Uncertainty Paradox: Perceived Threat Moderates the Effect of Uncertainty on Political Tolerance
Political Psychology, 2013Co-Authors: Ingrid J. Haas, William A. CunninghamAbstract:People respond to dissimilar Political beliefs in a variety of ways, ranging from openness and acceptance to closed-mindedness and inTolerance. While there is reason to believe that uncertainty may influence Political Tolerance, the direction of this influence remains unclear. We propose that threat moderates the effect of uncertainty on Tolerance; when safe, uncertainty leads to greater Tolerance, yet when threatened, uncertainty leads to reduced Tolerance. Using independent manipulations of threat and uncertainty, we provide support for this hypothesis. This research demonstrates that, although feelings of threat and uncertainty can be independent, it is also important to understand their interaction.
Michal Shamir - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Impact of Persistent Terrorism on Political Tolerance: Israel, 1980 to 2011
American Political Science Review, 2015Co-Authors: Mark Peffley, Marc L. Hutchison, Michal ShamirAbstract:How do persistent terrorist attacks influence Political Tolerance, a willingness to extend basic liberties to one's enemies? Studies in the U.S. and elsewhere have produced a number of valuable insights into how citizens respond to singular, massive attacks like 9/11. But they are less useful for evaluating how chronic and persistent terrorist attacks erode support for democratic values over the long haul. Our study focuses on Political Tolerance levels in Israel across a turbulent 30-year period, from 1980 to 2011, which allows us to distinguish the short-term impact of hundreds of terrorist attacks from the long-term influence of democratic longevity on Political Tolerance. We find that the corrosive influence of terrorism on Political Tolerance is much more powerful among Israelis who identify with the Right, who have also become much more sensitive to terrorism over time. We discuss the implications of our findings for other democracies under threat from terrorism.
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The Impact of Persistent Terrorism on Political Tolerance: Israel,
2015Co-Authors: Mark Peffley, Marc L. Hutchison, Michal ShamirAbstract:How do persistent terrorist attacks influence Political Tolerance, a willingness to extend basic liberties to one’s enemies? Studies in the U.S. and elsewhere have produced a number of valuable insights into how citizens respond to singular, massive attacks like 9/11. But they are less useful for evaluating how chronic and persistent terrorist attacks erode support for democratic values over the long haul. Our study focuses on Political Tolerance levels in Israel across a turbulent 30-year period, from 1980 to 2011, which allows us to distinguish the short-term impact of hundreds of terrorist attacks from the long-term influence of democratic longevity on Political Tolerance. We find that the corrosive influence of terrorism on Political Tolerance is much more powerful among Israelis who identify with the Right, who have also become much more sensitive to terrorism over time. We discuss the implications of our findings for other democracies under threat from terrorism.
Allison Harell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Political Tolerance, Racist Speech, and the Influence of Social Networks*
Social Science Quarterly, 2010Co-Authors: Allison HarellAbstract:Objective. This study examines the influence of ethnic and racial network diversity on young people's attitudes about speech rights in Canada by examining the impact of diversity on racist groups' speech compared to other objectionable speech. Methods. After reviewing prior work on diversity and Political Tolerance judgments, the study presents multinomial logistic regressions to assess the impact of network diversity on three types of Political Tolerance dispositions. The data are drawn from the Canadian Youth Study, a sample of 10th‐ and 11th‐grade students in Quebec and Ontario (N=3,334). Results. The analysis suggests that exposure to racial and ethnic diversity in one's social networks decreases Political Tolerance of racist speech while simultaneously having a positive effect on Political Tolerance of other types of objectionable speech. Conclusions. The dual effects arguably represent an evolving norm of multicultural Political Tolerance, in which citizens endorse legal limits on racist speech. Future work should assess the extent to which target group distinctions in Political Tolerance judgments have evolved over time and across age cohorts.
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the limits of Tolerance in diverse societies hate speech and Political Tolerance norms among youth
Canadian Journal of Political Science, 2010Co-Authors: Allison HarellAbstract:Abstract. Conventional measures of Political Tolerance have tended to assume that people see all forms of speech as equally legitimate (or equally illegitimate). This article develops an alternative view, and measure, of Political Tolerance to account for individual distinctions across types of speech. Political Tolerance is conceptualized using three individual-level dispositions. The intolerant reject speech rights for all objectionable groups; absolute tolerators endorse speech rights for all groups viewed as objectionable; and multicultural tolerators support free speech except when such freedoms are used to target racial and ethnic minorities. Survey data from close to 10,000 youth in Canada and Belgium show that multicultural Tolerance reflects civil liberties attitudes among many young citizens. These youth do see exclusionary speech as a special category of “intolerable” speech, consistent with legal restrictions on hate speech in many industrialized democracies. Such target group distinctions are an under-studied and under-specified component of contemporary Political Tolerance judgments. Resume. Les mesures conventionnelles de la Tolerance politique tendent a presumer que les gens percoivent tous les discours comme etant egalement legitimes (ou egalement illegitimes). Cet article developpe une perspective differente et une mesure plus nuancee de la Tolerance politique en relevant des distinctions entre les types de propos. On distingue trois dispositions individuelles en matiere de Tolerance politique. Les intolerants rejettent la liberte d'expression pour tous les groupes ou propos percus comme importuns; les gens absolument tolerants appuient la liberte d'expression pour tous les groupes ou propos percus comme importuns; et les adherents de la Tolerance multiculturelle appuient la libre expression publique des idees, sauf quand celle-ci sert a bafouer les minorites ethniques et raciales. Les resultats d'une enquete menee aupres d'environ 10 000 jeunes au Canada et en Belgique indiquent qu'un grand nombre de jeunes citoyens pratiquent la Tolerance multiculturelle. Ces derniers considerent les propos empreints d'exclusion comme une categorie speciale de propos «intolerables», conformement aux lois contre la propagande haineuse adoptees dans la plupart des pays developpes. Les distinctions de ce genre sont des facteurs negliges dans notre comprehension des jugements contemporains sur la Tolerance politique.
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The Limits of Tolerance in Diverse Societies: Hate Speech and Political Tolerance Norms Among Youth
Canadian Journal of Political Science, 2010Co-Authors: Allison HarellAbstract:Abstract.Conventional measures of Political Tolerance have tended to assume that people see all forms of speech as equally legitimate (or equally illegitimate). This article develops an alternative view, and measure, of Political Tolerance to account for individual distinctions across types of speech. Political Tolerance is conceptualized using three individual-level dispositions. The intolerant reject speech rights for all objectionable groups; absolute tolerators endorse speech rights for all groups viewed as objectionable; and multicultural tolerators support free speech except when such freedoms are used to target racial and ethnic minorities. Survey data from close to 10,000 youth in Canada and Belgium show that multicultural Tolerance reflects civil liberties attitudes among many young citizens. These youth do see exclusionary speech as a special category of “intolerable” speech, consistent with legal restrictions on hate speech in many industrialized democracies. Such target group distinctions are an under-studied and under-specified component of contemporary Political Tolerance judgments.Résumé.Les mesures conventionnelles de la tolérance politique tendent à présumer que les gens perçoivent tous les discours comme étant également légitimes (ou également illégitimes). Cet article développe une perspective différente et une mesure plus nuancée de la tolérance politique en relevant des distinctions entre les types de propos. On distingue trois dispositions individuelles en matière de tolérance politique. Les intolérants rejettent la liberté d'expression pour tous les groupes ou propos perçus comme importuns; les gens absolument tolérants appuient la liberté d'expression pour tous les groupes ou propos perçus comme importuns; et les adhérents de la tolérance multiculturelle appuient la libre expression publique des idées, sauf quand celle-ci sert à bafouer les minorités ethniques et raciales. Les résultats d'une enquête menée auprès d'environ 10 000 jeunes au Canada et en Belgique indiquent qu'un grand nombre de jeunes citoyens pratiquent la tolérance multiculturelle. Ces derniers considèrent les propos empreints d'exclusion comme une catégorie spéciale de propos «intolérables», conformément aux lois contre la propagande haineuse adoptées dans la plupart des pays développés. Les distinctions de ce genre sont des facteurs négligés dans notre compréhension des jugements contemporains sur la tolérance politique.
Mark Peffley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Impact of Persistent Terrorism on Political Tolerance: Israel, 1980 to 2011
American Political Science Review, 2015Co-Authors: Mark Peffley, Marc L. Hutchison, Michal ShamirAbstract:How do persistent terrorist attacks influence Political Tolerance, a willingness to extend basic liberties to one's enemies? Studies in the U.S. and elsewhere have produced a number of valuable insights into how citizens respond to singular, massive attacks like 9/11. But they are less useful for evaluating how chronic and persistent terrorist attacks erode support for democratic values over the long haul. Our study focuses on Political Tolerance levels in Israel across a turbulent 30-year period, from 1980 to 2011, which allows us to distinguish the short-term impact of hundreds of terrorist attacks from the long-term influence of democratic longevity on Political Tolerance. We find that the corrosive influence of terrorism on Political Tolerance is much more powerful among Israelis who identify with the Right, who have also become much more sensitive to terrorism over time. We discuss the implications of our findings for other democracies under threat from terrorism.
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The Impact of Persistent Terrorism on Political Tolerance: Israel,
2015Co-Authors: Mark Peffley, Marc L. Hutchison, Michal ShamirAbstract:How do persistent terrorist attacks influence Political Tolerance, a willingness to extend basic liberties to one’s enemies? Studies in the U.S. and elsewhere have produced a number of valuable insights into how citizens respond to singular, massive attacks like 9/11. But they are less useful for evaluating how chronic and persistent terrorist attacks erode support for democratic values over the long haul. Our study focuses on Political Tolerance levels in Israel across a turbulent 30-year period, from 1980 to 2011, which allows us to distinguish the short-term impact of hundreds of terrorist attacks from the long-term influence of democratic longevity on Political Tolerance. We find that the corrosive influence of terrorism on Political Tolerance is much more powerful among Israelis who identify with the Right, who have also become much more sensitive to terrorism over time. We discuss the implications of our findings for other democracies under threat from terrorism.
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democratization and Political Tolerance in seventeen countries a multi level model of democratic learning
Political Research Quarterly, 2003Co-Authors: Mark Peffley, Robert RohrschneiderAbstract:Research on mass support for democracies shows that popular support for democratic norms is at an historic high. At the same time, research on Political Tolerance draws considerably bleaker conclusions about the democratic capacity of mass publics. We attempt to synthesize the essential lessons of these two literatures into a general model of democratic learning which argues that exposure to the rough-and-tumble of democratic politics should enhance Political Tolerance. We provide a test of the model using multilevel data from a diverse set of 17 countries. At the macro-level, we find, consistent with our theory, that: (1) Political Tolerance is greater in stable democracies that have endured over time (the longer the better), independent of a nation’s socioeconomic development; and (2) that federal systems increase levels of Tolerance, as well. At the micro-level, we find that democratic activism, or using civil liberties, enhances Political Tolerance, independent of a host of other individual-level pred...
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A Multiple Values Model of Political Tolerance
Political Research Quarterly, 2001Co-Authors: Mark Peffley, Pia Knigge, Jon HurwitzAbstract:While students of Political Tolerance often view Tolerance decisions as a trade-off between opposing values (civil liberties versus other values), there have been few explicit attempts to formulate and test such a multiple-values model. With rare exception, researchers typically examine linkages between Tolerance judgments and a single value constellation (civil liberties or general norms of democracy) without examining directly the way people rank competing values. In this essay, we use data from a national telephone survey to test a model of how various value trade-off measures (e.g., value conflict) influence citizens' initial Tolerance decisions, as well as their willingness to stick to that judgment in the face of counter-arguments (i.e., the pliability of the initial baseline judgment). We find that while value conflict is often associated with greater Political forbearance of disliked groups (e.g., the Klan, flag burners), greater conflict also makes individuals more susceptible to counter-argument...