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Carlos Molineri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Two new species of Campsurus Eaton (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) from Colombia.
    Zootaxa, 2019
    Co-Authors: Carlos Molineri, Cristian E. Granados-martínez
    Abstract:

    Two new species of Campsurus from Colombia are herein described, based on adults of both sexes and eggs. Campsurus vichada sp. nov. from the albifilum group, is separated from the other species in this group by: abdominal terga shaded slightly darker posteriorly, with a pale median band and pale closed markings, and pedestals short and subquadrate, main lobes of penes very long and slender, among other characters. Its sister relation with C. homaulus and C. gracilipenis is hypothesized through a cladistic analysis. A key is presented for the six species in the albifilum group of Campsurus.Campsurus cristales sp. nov. from the segnis group, closely related to C. janae, is diagnosed by: posterior margin of male abdominal sternum IX tri-lobed, pedestal strongly elongated and penes with a strongly expanded dorsal area, among other features.

  • Revision of Campsurus violaceus species group (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) with new synonymies and nomina dubia in Campsurus Eaton, 1868.
    Zootaxa, 2015
    Co-Authors: Carlos Molineri, Frederico Falcão Salles, Daniel Emmerich
    Abstract:

    The violaceus species group (formerly notatus species group) of Campsurus Eaton is revised. All the species in the violaceus group are diagnosed. A new species, C. molinai sp. nov. is described based on male imagos from Bolivia, characterized by their large and sclerotized penes. The violaceus group is proposed to include the following species: C. assimilis Traver, C. truncatus Ulmer (= C. mahunkai Puthz = C. melanocephalus Pereira & da Silva, new synonyms), C. violaceus Needham & Murphy (= C. meyeri Navas = C. notatus Needham & Murphy = C. paranensis Navas, new synonyms), C. emersoni Traver, C. decoloratus (Hagen), and C. molinai sp.nov. Additionally we consider the following species as nomina dubia : C. longicauda Navas, C. pfeifferi Navas, C. zikani Navas, C. albicans (orig. Ephemera albicans Percheron in Guerin & Percheron), C. burmeisteri Ulmer, C. dallasi Navas, C. quadridentatus Eaton, C. claudus Needham & Murphy , C. corumbanus Needham & Murphy , C. dorsalis (Burmeister) , C. mutilus Needham & Murphy, and C. striatus Needham & Murphy. Given the results presented herein (five species synonymized and 12 proposed as nomina dubia ), only 28 valid species remain in the genus Campsurus . Additionally, the nymphal stages of C. violaceus and C. truncatus are described and illustrated. Female adult genitalia (sockets) and eggs of C. decoloratus are described for the first time. Diagnoses, new country records, and redescriptions of selected characters of the imagos for the species of the violaceus group are given.

  • Phylogeny and biogeography of Asthenopodinae with a revision of Asthenopus, reinstatement of Asthenopodes, and the description of the new genera Hubbardipes and Priasthenopus (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)
    ZooKeys, 2015
    Co-Authors: Carlos Molineri, Frederico Falcão Salles, Janice G. Peters
    Abstract:

    The Neotropical species of Asthenopodinae are revised in a formal phylogenetic context. The five known species of Asthenopus Eaton, 1871, together with other five new species were included in a cladistic analysis using morphological characters (continuous and discretes). Representatives of the Afro-Oriental group of the subfamily (Povilla Navas, 1912 and Languidipes Hubbard, 1984) were also included to test the monophyletic hypothesis traditionally accepted for the group. Additional taxa representing the other subfamilies of Polymitarcyidae were incorparated: Ephoron Williamson, 1802 (Polymitarcyinae) and Campsurus Eaton, 1868, Tortopus Needham & Murphy, 1924 and Tortopsis Molineri, 2010 (Campsurinae). A matrix of 17 taxa and 72 characters was analyzed under parsimony resulting in a single tree supporting the monophyly of the subfamily Asthenopodinae. Other results include the monophyly of the Afro-Oriental taxa (Povilla and Languidipes), the paraphyletic nature of Neotropical Asthenopodinae, and the recognition of four South American genera: Asthenopus (including Asthenopuscurtus (Hagen), 1861, Asthenopusangelae de Souza & Molineri, 2012, Asthenopusmagnus sp. n., Asthenopushubbardi sp. n., Asthenopusguarani sp. n.), Asthenopodes Ulmer, 1924, stat. n. (including Asthenopuspicteti Hubbard, 1975, stat. n., Asthenopodestraverae sp. n., Asthenopodeschumuco sp. n.), Priasthenopus gen. n. (including Priasthenopusgilliesi (Dominguez), 1988, comb. n.), and Hubbardipes gen. n. (including Hubbardipescrenulatus (Molineri et al.), 2011, comb. n.). Descriptions, diagnoses, illustrations and keys are presented for all Neotropical taxa of Asthenopodinae (adults of both sexes, eggs and nymphs). Additionally a key to the subfamilies and genera of Polymitarcyidae is included. A quantitative biogeographic analysis of vicariance is presented and discussed through the study of the "taxon history" of the group.

  • Phylogeny and biogeography of Asthenopodinae with a revision of Asthenopus, reinstatement of Asthenopodes, and the description of the new genera Hubbardipes and Priasthenopus (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)
    Pensoft Publishers, 2015
    Co-Authors: Carlos Molineri, Frederico Salles, Janice Peters
    Abstract:

    The Neotropical species of Asthenopodinae are revised in a formal phylogenetic context. The five known species of Asthenopus Eaton, 1871, together with other five new species were included in a cladistic analysis using morphological characters (continuous and discretes). Representatives of the Afro-Oriental group of the subfamily (Povilla Navás, 1912 and Languidipes Hubbard, 1984) were also included to test the monophyletic hypothesis traditionally accepted for the group. Additional taxa representing the other subfamilies of Polymitarcyidae were incorparated: Ephoron Williamson, 1802 (Polymitarcyinae) and Campsurus Eaton, 1868, Tortopus Needham & Murphy, 1924 and Tortopsis Molineri, 2010 (Campsurinae). A matrix of 17 taxa and 72 characters was analyzed under parsimony resulting in a single tree supporting the monophyly of the subfamily Asthenopodinae. Other results include the monophyly of the Afro-Oriental taxa (Povilla and Languidipes), the paraphyletic nature of Neotropical Asthenopodinae, and the recognition of four South American genera: Asthenopus (including A. curtus (Hagen), 1861, A. angelae de Souza & Molineri, 2012, A. magnus sp. n., A. hubbardi sp. n., A. guarani sp. n.), Asthenopodes Ulmer, 1924, stat. n. (including A. picteti Hubbard, 1975, stat. n., A. traverae sp. n., A. chumuco sp. n.), Priasthenopus gen. n. (including P. gilliesi (Domínguez), 1988, comb. n.), and Hubbardipes gen. n. (including H. crenulatus (Molineri et al.), 2011, comb. n.). Descriptions, diagnoses, illustrations and keys are presented for all Neotropical taxa of Asthenopodinae (adults of both sexes, eggs and nymphs). Additionally a key to the subfamilies and genera of Polymitarcyidae is included. A quantitative biogeographic analysis of vicariance is presented and discussed through the study of the “taxon history” of the group

  • Phylogeny and biogeography of the ephemeral Campsurus Eaton (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)
    Systematic Entomology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Carlos Molineri, Frederico Falcão Salles
    Abstract:

    To analyse speciation within the large Neotropical genus Campsurus Eaton, we examined apparent subgroupings by morphological methods using discrete and continuous character states. In this report, the albifilum group is redefined based on redescription of male imagos of Campsurus albifilum from the holotype and fresh material and from four closely related new species: Campsurus yavarin.sp. and C. fuliginatusn.sp. described from male imagos; and C. homaulosn.sp. and C. gracilipenisn.sp. described from imagos of both sexes. An illustrated key to distinguish the male adults of all species in the albifilum group is included. A phylogeny of the group is proposed based on a matrix of seven continuous and 12 discrete characters analysed under implied weights, and includes additional species representing all known or previously proposed groups. This demonstrates the practical application of methods using continuous characters to give additional resolution and support to the phylogeny. The monophyly of the major and the albifilum groups is confirmed. Based on these results, a biogeographical analysis is conducted (spatial analysis of vicariance) based on distributional records for each species. Two main vicariant events are found: (i) a west–east separation in tropical-subtropical South American lowlands, followed by (ii) a north–south separation of the Amazonas and Parana regions. Sympatric speciation seems common: most sister species pairs are co-distributed, and show nonoverlapping ranges in body size.

Koji Tojo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Facultative parthenogenesis in the burrowing mayfly, Ephoron eophilum (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) with an extremely short alate stage
    European Journal of Entomology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Kazuki Sekiné, Koji Tojo, Yeon Jae Bae
    Abstract:

    Facultative parthenogenesis is important for mayflies with short alate stages because females are able to reproduce without mating. We studied facultative parthenogenesis in Ephoron eophilum, a mayfly with an extremely short alate stage. We examined the survival rates of embryos from unfertilized eggs, in addition to investigating the number of chromosomes in parthenogenetic offspring and the mode of inheritance by nuclear genetic analyses using Exon-Primed Intron-Crossing markers. The survival rate of thelytokous embryos was 0-70.2% (16.7 ± 26.7%, mean ± S.D.). Sixteen chromosomes were present throughout most of the mitotic metaphase in parthenogenetic offspring, which was similar to the number recorded in diploid females. All parthenogenetic offspring were homozygous in nuclear genetic analyses, despite the presence of heterozygous mothers. These results indicate that E. eophilum has the ability to reproduce via facultative parthenogenesis, producing mostly diploid thelytokous offspring. The restoration of ploidy level occurs by automixis via terminal fusion or gamete duplication, and causes rapid reduction of heterozygosity. However, despite this, significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was not observed in the studied populations. This is because facultative parthenogenesis in these circumstances normally has little influence on population genetic structuring, even though parthenogenetic embryos exhibit a high survival rate. The lack of influence of parthenogenesis on the population structure of the natural population strongly suggests that parthenogenesis rarely occurs under natural circumstances.

  • Distribution and genetic characteristics of Ephoron shigae (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) in Korea
    Entomological Research, 2015
    Co-Authors: Kazuki Sekiné, Koji Tojo, Yeon Jae Bae
    Abstract:

    Ephoron shigae is distributed in Far East Russia, Korea and Japan, where it inhabits rivers, streams and lakes. Although this mayfly is a geographically parthenogenetic species, unisex populations have been observed only in Japan. We aimed to answer the following three questions: (i) whether there is a unisex population of E. shigae in Korea; (ii) whether migration and gene flow exists between E. shigae populations in Korea and Japan; and (3) whether E. shigae populations are fragmented in Korea because of mountains running to the north and south. We observed 20 populations across Korea and investigated the sex ratio in 12 populations. Our results showed that all the populations were bisex, and we believe that there is no unisex population of E. shigae in Korea. In addition, we examined the genetic structure of E. shigae in Korea by using the COI gene. The results showed that the Korean populations were clearly divergent from the Japanese populations; the level of genetic distance between the Korean and Japanese populations was interspecific rather than intraspecific. Therefore, parthenogenetic populations of E. shigae probably belong to unisex populations that originated in Japan, while the individuals would have not migrated to Korea. The Korean populations did not show clear fragmentation by geographic barrier, although this mayfly with extremely short adult stage (up to 2 h) could be a comparatively strong disperser across Korea.

  • phylogeography of the east asian polymitarcyid mayfly genus ephoron ephemeroptera Polymitarcyidae a comparative analysis of molecular and ecological characteristics
    Biological Journal of The Linnean Society, 2013
    Co-Authors: Kazuki Sekiné, Fumio Hayashi, Koji Tojo
    Abstract:

    In East Asia, the mayfly genus Ephoron, a member of Polymitarcyidae, has been classified into three species: Ephoron eophilum, Ephoron limnobium, and Ephoron shigae. Using the nuclear histone 3 and internal transcribed spacer 1 and mitochondrial 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships of these mayflies. Ephoron limnobium formed polyphyletic relationships within the clade of Japanese E. shigae and shared identical sequences with E. shigae, suggesting that E. limnobium is a synonym of E. shigae. Monophyly was supported in E. eophilum, Korean E. shigae, and E. limnobium + Japanese E. shigae. Ephoron eophilum that co-occurs with the other Ephoron species has several peculiar traits in its adult swarming period and karyotype. This suggests that both pre- and post-zygotic isolation are likely to have promoted speciation of these Ephoron species. The divergence between E. eophilum and E. shigae would have occurred from the late Late Miocene to Early Pliocene according to the Bayesian relaxed clock model calibrated using the mitochondrial substitution rate. The area currently inhabited by E. eophilum emerged above sea level some 0.1 Mya, suggesting that E. eophilum moved into this area from other areas that it occupied prior to this time. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 109, 181–202.

  • Potential for parthenogenesis of virgin females in a bisexual population of the geographically parthenogenetic mayfly Ephoron shigae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)
    Biological Journal of The Linnean Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Kazuki Sekiné, Koji Tojo
    Abstract:

    The burrowing polymitarcyid mayfly Ephoron shigae is a geographically parthenogenetic species. Interestingly, the distributions of the bisexual and unisexual populations overlap broadly in their respective geographic ranges. In this mayfly, obligatory diploid thelytoky appears within unisexual populations. In the present study, we examined the potential for parthenogenesis or the parthenogenetic ability of females in a bisexual population aiming to understand the emergence of unisexual populations. The results obtained revealed that females in the examined bisexual populations showed a potential for diploid thelytoky as also seen in the unisexual populations, although, in females from bisexual populations, the development success rates of their unfertilized eggs were considerably lower than those of virgin females from unisexual populations. In the three bisexual reproducing species (Ephemera japonica, Ephemera strigata, and Ephemera orientalis) in the closely-related family Ephemeridae, diploid thelytoky (i.e. tychoparthenogenesis;

  • potential for parthenogenesis of virgin females in a bisexual population of the geographically parthenogenetic mayfly ephoron shigae insecta ephemeroptera Polymitarcyidae
    Biological Journal of The Linnean Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Kazuki Sekiné, Koji Tojo
    Abstract:

    The burrowing polymitarcyid mayfly Ephoron shigae is a geographically parthenogenetic species. Interestingly, the distributions of the bisexual and unisexual populations overlap broadly in their respective geographic ranges. In this mayfly, obligatory diploid thelytoky appears within unisexual populations. In the present study, we examined the potential for parthenogenesis or the parthenogenetic ability of females in a bisexual population aiming to understand the emergence of unisexual populations. The results obtained revealed that females in the examined bisexual populations showed a potential for diploid thelytoky as also seen in the unisexual populations, although, in females from bisexual populations, the development success rates of their unfertilized eggs were considerably lower than those of virgin females from unisexual populations. In the three bisexual reproducing species (Ephemera japonica, Ephemera strigata, and Ephemera orientalis) in the closely-related family Ephemeridae, diploid thelytoky (i.e. tychoparthenogenesis; < 3%) was also observed. However, in this case, the parthenogenetic development success rates of unfertilized eggs were significantly lower than those of virgin females in the bisexual (Hino-yosui Irrigation Canal) population of E. shigae. Accordingly, we suggest that parthenogenetic ability (i.e. tychoparthenogenesis or facultative parthenogenesis) in bisexual populations of E. shigae may facilitate the evolutionary transition to unisexual populations with fully obligatory parthenogenesis. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 99, 326–334.

Frederico Falcão Salles - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Revision of Campsurus violaceus species group (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) with new synonymies and nomina dubia in Campsurus Eaton, 1868.
    Zootaxa, 2015
    Co-Authors: Carlos Molineri, Frederico Falcão Salles, Daniel Emmerich
    Abstract:

    The violaceus species group (formerly notatus species group) of Campsurus Eaton is revised. All the species in the violaceus group are diagnosed. A new species, C. molinai sp. nov. is described based on male imagos from Bolivia, characterized by their large and sclerotized penes. The violaceus group is proposed to include the following species: C. assimilis Traver, C. truncatus Ulmer (= C. mahunkai Puthz = C. melanocephalus Pereira & da Silva, new synonyms), C. violaceus Needham & Murphy (= C. meyeri Navas = C. notatus Needham & Murphy = C. paranensis Navas, new synonyms), C. emersoni Traver, C. decoloratus (Hagen), and C. molinai sp.nov. Additionally we consider the following species as nomina dubia : C. longicauda Navas, C. pfeifferi Navas, C. zikani Navas, C. albicans (orig. Ephemera albicans Percheron in Guerin & Percheron), C. burmeisteri Ulmer, C. dallasi Navas, C. quadridentatus Eaton, C. claudus Needham & Murphy , C. corumbanus Needham & Murphy , C. dorsalis (Burmeister) , C. mutilus Needham & Murphy, and C. striatus Needham & Murphy. Given the results presented herein (five species synonymized and 12 proposed as nomina dubia ), only 28 valid species remain in the genus Campsurus . Additionally, the nymphal stages of C. violaceus and C. truncatus are described and illustrated. Female adult genitalia (sockets) and eggs of C. decoloratus are described for the first time. Diagnoses, new country records, and redescriptions of selected characters of the imagos for the species of the violaceus group are given.

  • Phylogeny and biogeography of Asthenopodinae with a revision of Asthenopus, reinstatement of Asthenopodes, and the description of the new genera Hubbardipes and Priasthenopus (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)
    ZooKeys, 2015
    Co-Authors: Carlos Molineri, Frederico Falcão Salles, Janice G. Peters
    Abstract:

    The Neotropical species of Asthenopodinae are revised in a formal phylogenetic context. The five known species of Asthenopus Eaton, 1871, together with other five new species were included in a cladistic analysis using morphological characters (continuous and discretes). Representatives of the Afro-Oriental group of the subfamily (Povilla Navas, 1912 and Languidipes Hubbard, 1984) were also included to test the monophyletic hypothesis traditionally accepted for the group. Additional taxa representing the other subfamilies of Polymitarcyidae were incorparated: Ephoron Williamson, 1802 (Polymitarcyinae) and Campsurus Eaton, 1868, Tortopus Needham & Murphy, 1924 and Tortopsis Molineri, 2010 (Campsurinae). A matrix of 17 taxa and 72 characters was analyzed under parsimony resulting in a single tree supporting the monophyly of the subfamily Asthenopodinae. Other results include the monophyly of the Afro-Oriental taxa (Povilla and Languidipes), the paraphyletic nature of Neotropical Asthenopodinae, and the recognition of four South American genera: Asthenopus (including Asthenopuscurtus (Hagen), 1861, Asthenopusangelae de Souza & Molineri, 2012, Asthenopusmagnus sp. n., Asthenopushubbardi sp. n., Asthenopusguarani sp. n.), Asthenopodes Ulmer, 1924, stat. n. (including Asthenopuspicteti Hubbard, 1975, stat. n., Asthenopodestraverae sp. n., Asthenopodeschumuco sp. n.), Priasthenopus gen. n. (including Priasthenopusgilliesi (Dominguez), 1988, comb. n.), and Hubbardipes gen. n. (including Hubbardipescrenulatus (Molineri et al.), 2011, comb. n.). Descriptions, diagnoses, illustrations and keys are presented for all Neotropical taxa of Asthenopodinae (adults of both sexes, eggs and nymphs). Additionally a key to the subfamilies and genera of Polymitarcyidae is included. A quantitative biogeographic analysis of vicariance is presented and discussed through the study of the "taxon history" of the group.

  • Phylogeny and biogeography of the ephemeral Campsurus Eaton (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)
    Systematic Entomology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Carlos Molineri, Frederico Falcão Salles
    Abstract:

    To analyse speciation within the large Neotropical genus Campsurus Eaton, we examined apparent subgroupings by morphological methods using discrete and continuous character states. In this report, the albifilum group is redefined based on redescription of male imagos of Campsurus albifilum from the holotype and fresh material and from four closely related new species: Campsurus yavarin.sp. and C. fuliginatusn.sp. described from male imagos; and C. homaulosn.sp. and C. gracilipenisn.sp. described from imagos of both sexes. An illustrated key to distinguish the male adults of all species in the albifilum group is included. A phylogeny of the group is proposed based on a matrix of seven continuous and 12 discrete characters analysed under implied weights, and includes additional species representing all known or previously proposed groups. This demonstrates the practical application of methods using continuous characters to give additional resolution and support to the phylogeny. The monophyly of the major and the albifilum groups is confirmed. Based on these results, a biogeographical analysis is conducted (spatial analysis of vicariance) based on distributional records for each species. Two main vicariant events are found: (i) a west–east separation in tropical-subtropical South American lowlands, followed by (ii) a north–south separation of the Amazonas and Parana regions. Sympatric speciation seems common: most sister species pairs are co-distributed, and show nonoverlapping ranges in body size.

  • tortopus needham murphy and tortopsis molineri ephemeroptera Polymitarcyidae new species and new records from brazil and ecuador
    Revista Brasileira De Entomologia, 2012
    Co-Authors: Carlos Molineri, Frederico Falcão Salles, Rafael Boldrini
    Abstract:

    Tortopus Needham & Murphy, 1924 and Tortopsis Molineri, 2010 with six and 10 species, respectively, are sister genera distributed in the Neartic and Neotropical regions. In spite that most species are known from the tropics of South America, only one species of each of these groups have been recorded from Brazil. Here we present distributional data expanding greatly the range of these groups including three new country records for Brazil: Tortopus igaranus Needham & Murphy, 1924, Tortopsis limoncocha Molineri, 2010 and Tortopsis spatula Molineri, 2010. We describe a distinct new species, Tortopus ipixuna sp. nov., from male imagos, that present a unique subrectangular pedestal. Additionally we redescribe the male imago of Tortopus harrisi Traver, 1950 (previously known only from the holotype), and we give the first records for Tortopsis canum Goncalves, Da-Silva & Nessimian, 2011 from Espirito Santo and for Tortopsis spatula from Ecuador. Some variations in morphological structures of these species are also described, illustrated and discussed.

  • Tortopus and Tortopsis (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) new species and new records from Brazil
    Revista Brasileira De Entomologia, 2012
    Co-Authors: Carlos Molineri, Frederico Falcão Salles, Rafael Boldrini
    Abstract:

    Tortopus and Tortopsis with 6 and 10 species, respectively, are sister genera distributed in the Neartic and Neotropical regions. In spite that most species are known from the tropics of South America, only one species of each of these groups have been recorded from Brazil. Here we present distributional data greatly expanding the range of these groups, including 3 new country records for Brazil: Tortopus igaranus, Tortopsis limoncocha and Tortopsis spatula. We describe a distinct new species, Tortopus ipixuna sp. nov., from male imagos, that present a unique subrectangular pedestal. Additionally we redescribe the male imago of Tortopus harrisi (previously known only from the holotype), and record Tortopsis spatula for the first time from Ecuador. Some variations in morphological structures of these species are also described, illustrated and discussed.

Molineri Carlos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Review of selected species of Campsurus Eaton 1868 (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae), with description of eleven new species and a key to male imagos of the genus
    2017
    Co-Authors: Molineri Carlos, Salles F. F.
    Abstract:

    Molineri, Carlos, Salles, Frederico F. (2017): Review of selected species of Campsurus Eaton 1868 (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae), with description of eleven new species and a key to male imagos of the genus. Zootaxa 4300 (3): 301-354, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4300.3.

  • Phylogeny and biogeography of Asthenopodinae with a revision of Asthenopus, reinstatement of Asthenopodes, and the description of the new genera Hubbardipes and Priasthenopus (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)
    Pensoft Publishers, 2017
    Co-Authors: Molineri Carlos, Salles Frederico, Peters, Janice G.
    Abstract:

    The Neotropical species of Asthenopodinae are revised in a formal phylogenetic context. The five known species of Asthenopus Eaton, 1871, together with other five new species were included in a cladistic analysis using morphological characters (continuous and discretes). Representatives of the Afro-Oriental group of the subfamily (Povilla Navás, 1912 and Languidipes Hubbard, 1984) were also included to test the monophyletic hypothesis traditionally accepted for the group. Additional taxa representing the other subfamilies of Polymitarcyidae were incorparated: Ephoron Williamson, 1802 (Polymitarcyinae) and Campsurus Eaton, 1868, Tortopus Needham & Murphy, 1924 and Tortopsis Molineri, 2010 (Campsurinae). A matrix of 17 taxa and 72 characters was analyzed under parsimony resulting in a single tree supporting the monophyly of the subfamily Asthenopodinae. Other results include the monophyly of the Afro-Oriental taxa (Povilla and Languidipes), the paraphyletic nature of Neotropical Asthenopodinae, and the recognition of four South American genera: Asthenopus (including A. curtus (Hagen), 1861, A. angelae de Souza & Molineri, 2012, A. magnus sp. n., A. hubbardi sp. n., A. guarani sp. n.), Asthenopodes Ulmer, 1924, stat. n. (including A. picteti Hubbard, 1975, stat. n., A. traverae sp. n., A. chumuco sp. n.), Priasthenopus gen. n. (including P. gilliesi (Domínguez), 1988, comb. n.), and Hubbardipes gen. n. (including H. crenulatus (Molineri et al.), 2011, comb. n.). Descriptions, diagnoses, illustrations and keys are presented for all Neotropical taxa of Asthenopodinae (adults of both sexes, eggs and nymphs). Additionally a key to the subfamilies and genera of Polymitarcyidae is included. A quantitative biogeographic analysis of vicariance is presented and discussed through the study of the “taxon history” of the group.Se revisan las especies neotropicales de Asthenopodinae en un contexto filogenético. Las cinco especies de Asthenopus Eaton, 1871, junto con otras cinco nuevas especies, son analizadas cladísticamente a partir de caracteres morfológicos externos (continuos y discretos). También se incluyen representantes del grupo Afro-Oriental de la subfamilia (Povilla Navás, 1912 y Languidipes Hubbard, 1984) para comprobar la hipótesis de monofilia tradicionalmente aceptada para el grupo. Se incorporaron taxones adicionales representando las otras subfamilias de Polymitarcyidae: Ephoron Williamson, 1802 (Polymitarcyinae) y Campsurus Eaton, 1868, Tortopus Needham & Murphy, 1924 y Tortopsis Molineri, 2010 (Campsurinae). Se analizó bajo parsimonia una matriz de 17 taxa y 72 caracteres resultando un sólo árbol que apoya la monofilia de Asthenopodinae. Otros resultados incluyen la monofilia del grupo Afro-Oriental (Povilla y Languidipes), la naturaleza parafilética de los Asthenopodinae neotropicales, y el reconocimiento de cuatro géneros sudamericanos: Asthenopus (incluyendo a A. curtus (Hagen), 1861, A. angelae de Souza & Molineri, 2012, A. magnus sp. n., A. hubbardi sp. n., A. guarani sp. n.), Asthenopodes Ulmer, 1924, stat. n. (A. picteti Hubbard, 1975, stat. n., A. traverae sp. n., A. chumuco sp. n.), Priasthenopus gen. n. (P. gilliesi (Domínguez), 1988, comb. n.), y Hubbardipes gen. n. (H. crenulatus (Molineri et al.), 2011, comb. n.). Se presentan descripciones, diagnosis, ilustraciones y claves para todos los taxones neotropicales de Asthenopodinae (adultos de ambos sexos, huevos y ninfas). Adicionalmente se incluye una clave para subfamilias y géneros de Polymitarcyidae. Se presenta un análisis biogeográfico cuantitativo de vicarianza y se discute la historia particular del grupo.Fil: Molineri, Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Tucuman. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Salles, Frederico. Universidade Federal Do Espirito Santo; BrasilFil: Peters, Janice G.. Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University; Argentin

  • Figure 23 from: Molineri C, Salles FF, Peters JG (2015) Phylogeny and biogeography of Asthenopodinae with a revision of Asthenopus, reinstatement of Asthenopodes, and the description of the new genera Hubbardipes and Priasthenopus (Ephemeroptera, Pol
    2015
    Co-Authors: Molineri Carlos, Salles Frederico, Peters Janice
    Abstract:

    Figure 23 - World map indicating the distribution of the three subfamilies in Polymitarcyidae. Additionally, barriers 1 (separating the genus Asthenopus vs Povilla + Languidipes) and 2 (separating Povilla from Languidipes) found in the biogeographical analysis are marked

  • The adults and nymphs of Asthenopus angelae new species (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Colombia
    2012
    Co-Authors: De-souza, Marcia Regina, Molineri Carlos
    Abstract:

    De-Souza, Marcia Regina, Molineri, Carlos (2012): The adults and nymphs of Asthenopus angelae new species (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Colombia. Zootaxa 3399: 45-52, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20973

  • Una nueva especie de Campsurus (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae: Campusurinae) en Argentina y Uruguar y una nueva descripción de C. evanidus y C. jorgenseni con nuevos sinónimos.
    'Magnolia Press', 2011
    Co-Authors: Emmerich, Daniel Enrique, Molineri Carlos
    Abstract:

    The subfamily Campsurinae (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) includes one of the most specious genera of Ephemeroptera, Campsurus (with 40 known species), with a Pan-American distribution and its greatest diversity in South America. The following new synonymies are proposed: C. evanidus Needham & Murphy, 1924 (=C. juradinus Navás, 1930) and C. jorgenseni Esben-Petersen, 1912 (=C. scutellaris Needham & Murphy, 1924). Redescriptions, drawings and photographs are provided for both species. C. vulturorum sp. nov. from Argentina and Uruguay is described and illustrated for all life stages. It is characterized, in the adult stage, by: very large size (male fore wings 15.9–20.5 mm, female fore wings 21.0–28.0 mm), posterior margin of male abdominal sternum IX convex and rounded, pedestals subrectangular with a short projection on outer-posterior margin; penes widely separated distally, each arm formed by two lobes; and in mature nymphs by: mandibular tusks robust with a large submedian tubercle and six subapical rounded and small tubercles, maxilla with a short flat and triangular membranous gill on cardo.La subfamilia Campsurinae (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) incluye uno de los géneros más diversos de Ephemeroptera: Campsurus, (con 40 especies descriptas) con una distribución panamericana y con el mayor número de especies en América del Sur. Se proponen las siguientes nuevas sinonimias: C. evanidus Needham & Murphy, 1924 (=C. juradinus Navás, 1930) y C. jorgenseni Esben-Petersen, 1912 (=C. scutellaris Needham & Murphy, 1924). Se presentan redescripciones, dibujos y fotografías para ambas especies. Campsurus vulturorum sp. nov. de Argentina y Uruguay es descripta a partir de todos sus estados, se caracteriza en el estado adulto por: tamaño muy grande (alas anteriores del macho 15.9-20.5 mm, alas anteriores de la hembra 21.0–28.0 mm), margen posterior del 9º esterno abdominal masculino convexo y redondeado, pedestales subrectangulares con una corta proyección en el margen posterior externo, penes muy separados distalmente, cada uno formado por dos lóbulos; y en las ninfas maduras: colmillos mandibulares robustos con un gran tubérculo submediano y 6 tubérculos pequeños y redondeados subapicales, maxila con una branquia membranosa corta, delgada y triangular en el cardo.Fil: Emmerich, Daniel Enrique. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Molineri, Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; Argentin

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  • Facultative parthenogenesis in the burrowing mayfly, Ephoron eophilum (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) with an extremely short alate stage
    European Journal of Entomology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Kazuki Sekiné, Koji Tojo, Yeon Jae Bae
    Abstract:

    Facultative parthenogenesis is important for mayflies with short alate stages because females are able to reproduce without mating. We studied facultative parthenogenesis in Ephoron eophilum, a mayfly with an extremely short alate stage. We examined the survival rates of embryos from unfertilized eggs, in addition to investigating the number of chromosomes in parthenogenetic offspring and the mode of inheritance by nuclear genetic analyses using Exon-Primed Intron-Crossing markers. The survival rate of thelytokous embryos was 0-70.2% (16.7 ± 26.7%, mean ± S.D.). Sixteen chromosomes were present throughout most of the mitotic metaphase in parthenogenetic offspring, which was similar to the number recorded in diploid females. All parthenogenetic offspring were homozygous in nuclear genetic analyses, despite the presence of heterozygous mothers. These results indicate that E. eophilum has the ability to reproduce via facultative parthenogenesis, producing mostly diploid thelytokous offspring. The restoration of ploidy level occurs by automixis via terminal fusion or gamete duplication, and causes rapid reduction of heterozygosity. However, despite this, significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was not observed in the studied populations. This is because facultative parthenogenesis in these circumstances normally has little influence on population genetic structuring, even though parthenogenetic embryos exhibit a high survival rate. The lack of influence of parthenogenesis on the population structure of the natural population strongly suggests that parthenogenesis rarely occurs under natural circumstances.

  • Distribution and genetic characteristics of Ephoron shigae (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) in Korea
    Entomological Research, 2015
    Co-Authors: Kazuki Sekiné, Koji Tojo, Yeon Jae Bae
    Abstract:

    Ephoron shigae is distributed in Far East Russia, Korea and Japan, where it inhabits rivers, streams and lakes. Although this mayfly is a geographically parthenogenetic species, unisex populations have been observed only in Japan. We aimed to answer the following three questions: (i) whether there is a unisex population of E. shigae in Korea; (ii) whether migration and gene flow exists between E. shigae populations in Korea and Japan; and (3) whether E. shigae populations are fragmented in Korea because of mountains running to the north and south. We observed 20 populations across Korea and investigated the sex ratio in 12 populations. Our results showed that all the populations were bisex, and we believe that there is no unisex population of E. shigae in Korea. In addition, we examined the genetic structure of E. shigae in Korea by using the COI gene. The results showed that the Korean populations were clearly divergent from the Japanese populations; the level of genetic distance between the Korean and Japanese populations was interspecific rather than intraspecific. Therefore, parthenogenetic populations of E. shigae probably belong to unisex populations that originated in Japan, while the individuals would have not migrated to Korea. The Korean populations did not show clear fragmentation by geographic barrier, although this mayfly with extremely short adult stage (up to 2 h) could be a comparatively strong disperser across Korea.

  • phylogeography of the east asian polymitarcyid mayfly genus ephoron ephemeroptera Polymitarcyidae a comparative analysis of molecular and ecological characteristics
    Biological Journal of The Linnean Society, 2013
    Co-Authors: Kazuki Sekiné, Fumio Hayashi, Koji Tojo
    Abstract:

    In East Asia, the mayfly genus Ephoron, a member of Polymitarcyidae, has been classified into three species: Ephoron eophilum, Ephoron limnobium, and Ephoron shigae. Using the nuclear histone 3 and internal transcribed spacer 1 and mitochondrial 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships of these mayflies. Ephoron limnobium formed polyphyletic relationships within the clade of Japanese E. shigae and shared identical sequences with E. shigae, suggesting that E. limnobium is a synonym of E. shigae. Monophyly was supported in E. eophilum, Korean E. shigae, and E. limnobium + Japanese E. shigae. Ephoron eophilum that co-occurs with the other Ephoron species has several peculiar traits in its adult swarming period and karyotype. This suggests that both pre- and post-zygotic isolation are likely to have promoted speciation of these Ephoron species. The divergence between E. eophilum and E. shigae would have occurred from the late Late Miocene to Early Pliocene according to the Bayesian relaxed clock model calibrated using the mitochondrial substitution rate. The area currently inhabited by E. eophilum emerged above sea level some 0.1 Mya, suggesting that E. eophilum moved into this area from other areas that it occupied prior to this time. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 109, 181–202.

  • Potential for parthenogenesis of virgin females in a bisexual population of the geographically parthenogenetic mayfly Ephoron shigae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)
    Biological Journal of The Linnean Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Kazuki Sekiné, Koji Tojo
    Abstract:

    The burrowing polymitarcyid mayfly Ephoron shigae is a geographically parthenogenetic species. Interestingly, the distributions of the bisexual and unisexual populations overlap broadly in their respective geographic ranges. In this mayfly, obligatory diploid thelytoky appears within unisexual populations. In the present study, we examined the potential for parthenogenesis or the parthenogenetic ability of females in a bisexual population aiming to understand the emergence of unisexual populations. The results obtained revealed that females in the examined bisexual populations showed a potential for diploid thelytoky as also seen in the unisexual populations, although, in females from bisexual populations, the development success rates of their unfertilized eggs were considerably lower than those of virgin females from unisexual populations. In the three bisexual reproducing species (Ephemera japonica, Ephemera strigata, and Ephemera orientalis) in the closely-related family Ephemeridae, diploid thelytoky (i.e. tychoparthenogenesis;

  • potential for parthenogenesis of virgin females in a bisexual population of the geographically parthenogenetic mayfly ephoron shigae insecta ephemeroptera Polymitarcyidae
    Biological Journal of The Linnean Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Kazuki Sekiné, Koji Tojo
    Abstract:

    The burrowing polymitarcyid mayfly Ephoron shigae is a geographically parthenogenetic species. Interestingly, the distributions of the bisexual and unisexual populations overlap broadly in their respective geographic ranges. In this mayfly, obligatory diploid thelytoky appears within unisexual populations. In the present study, we examined the potential for parthenogenesis or the parthenogenetic ability of females in a bisexual population aiming to understand the emergence of unisexual populations. The results obtained revealed that females in the examined bisexual populations showed a potential for diploid thelytoky as also seen in the unisexual populations, although, in females from bisexual populations, the development success rates of their unfertilized eggs were considerably lower than those of virgin females from unisexual populations. In the three bisexual reproducing species (Ephemera japonica, Ephemera strigata, and Ephemera orientalis) in the closely-related family Ephemeridae, diploid thelytoky (i.e. tychoparthenogenesis; < 3%) was also observed. However, in this case, the parthenogenetic development success rates of unfertilized eggs were significantly lower than those of virgin females in the bisexual (Hino-yosui Irrigation Canal) population of E. shigae. Accordingly, we suggest that parthenogenetic ability (i.e. tychoparthenogenesis or facultative parthenogenesis) in bisexual populations of E. shigae may facilitate the evolutionary transition to unisexual populations with fully obligatory parthenogenesis. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 99, 326–334.