The Experts below are selected from a list of 315 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
R Valivety - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, part 1: occurrence, biological activities and applications
Trends Biotechnol, 1997Co-Authors: IS Gill, R ValivetyAbstract:Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, part 2: Biotransformation and biotechnological applications Trends Biotech 15:470
Rao Valivety - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids part 1 occurrence biological activities and applications
Trends in Biotechnology, 1997Co-Authors: Iqbal Gill, Rao ValivetyAbstract:Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids form a unique class of food constituents that show a wide range of functions in biological systems. Investigations over the past two decades have uncovered their roles and those of their eicosanoid metabolites, and have highlighted their homeostatic functions in mammals. A growing number of common human medical conditions are thought to be traceable to dysfunctions in the eicosanoid system, which could in turn be due to imbalances in the intake and/or metabolism of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. This, together with medical advances, has spurred the introduction of biomedical products, nutritionals, fortified foods and health supplements.
IS Gill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, part 1: occurrence, biological activities and applications
Trends Biotechnol, 1997Co-Authors: IS Gill, R ValivetyAbstract:Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, part 2: Biotransformation and biotechnological applications Trends Biotech 15:470
Iqbal Gill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids part 1 occurrence biological activities and applications
Trends in Biotechnology, 1997Co-Authors: Iqbal Gill, Rao ValivetyAbstract:Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids form a unique class of food constituents that show a wide range of functions in biological systems. Investigations over the past two decades have uncovered their roles and those of their eicosanoid metabolites, and have highlighted their homeostatic functions in mammals. A growing number of common human medical conditions are thought to be traceable to dysfunctions in the eicosanoid system, which could in turn be due to imbalances in the intake and/or metabolism of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. This, together with medical advances, has spurred the introduction of biomedical products, nutritionals, fortified foods and health supplements.
Philip C Calder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and inflammation
Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 2006Co-Authors: Philip C CalderAbstract:Abstract The n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty acid arachidonic acid gives rise to the eicosanoid family of mediators (prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes and related metabolites). These have inflammatory actions in their own right and also regulate the production of other mediators including inflammatory cytokines. Consumption of long chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids decreases the amount of arachidonic acid in cell membranes and so available for eicosanoid production. Thus, n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids decrease production of arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids. These Fatty Acids also decrease the production of the classic inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6 and the expression of adhesion molecules involved in inflammatory interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells. These latter effects may occur by eicosanoid-independent mechanisms including modulation of the activation of transcription factors involved in inflammatory processes. The anti-inflammatory actions of long chain n-3 Fatty acid-induced effects may be of therapeutic use in conditions with an acute or chronic inflammatory component.
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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and inflammation
Biochemical Society Transactions, 2005Co-Authors: Philip C CalderAbstract:The n –6 Polyunsaturated Fatty acid, arachidonic acid, is a precursor of prostaglandins, leukotrienes and related compounds that have important roles as mediators and regulators of inflammation. Consuming increased amounts of long chain n –3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (found in oily fish and fish oils) results in a partial replacement of the arachidonic acid in cell membranes by eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic Acids. This leads to decreased production of arachidonic acid-derived mediators. This alone is a potentially beneficial anti-inflammatory effect of n –3 Fatty Acids. However, n –3 Fatty Acids have a number of other effects that might occur downstream of altered eicosanoid production or are independent of this. For example, they result in suppressed production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and can modulate adhesion molecule expression. These effects occur at the level of altered gene expression.
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N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and allergic disease.
Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 2004Co-Authors: Susan L. Prescott, Philip C CalderAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW: With escalating rates of allergic disease, it is vital to explore novel causal pathways. This review examines the evidence for a potential role of changing dietary intake of omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the development, treatment and prevention of allergic diseases. RECENT FINDINGS: Although it is difficult to determine the contribution of altered (decreased) dietary intake of omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids to the recent rise in the incidence of allergic disease, there is growing evidence that these nutrients have antiinflammatory properties and may modulate immune responses. These Fatty Acids have few side effects, and may be of some benefit in established allergic diseases (such as asthma and atopic dermatitis), although these effects are not strong. Because of this limited efficacy in established disease, the focus has shifted to the potential benefits of these immune modulators in earlier life for disease prevention. Two recent preliminary reports in infants suggest that dietary omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty acid supplements in pregnancy or in the early postnatal period could have immunomodulatory properties and associated clinical effects, although more studies are now needed. Novel synthetic Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with more potent and selective antiinflammatory effects may also provide safe therapeutic and preventive strategies in the future. SUMMARY: Dietary factors are important but still under-explored candidates in the search for environmental strategies to reduce the enormous impact of allergic diseases in modernized societies. There is an ongoing need for further research into the role of omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in allergic disease, particularly in early life before atopy is established.
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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and inflammation
Oléagineux Corps gras Lipides, 2004Co-Authors: Philip C CalderAbstract:The n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty acid arachidonic acid gives rise to the eicosanoid family of inflammatory mediators (prostaglandins, leukotrienes and related metabolites) and through these regulates the activities of inflammatory cells, the production of cytokines and the various balances within the immune system. Fish oil and oily fish are good sources of long chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Consumption of these Fatty Acids decreases the amount of arachidonic acid in cell membranes and so available for eicosanoid production. Thus, n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids act as arachidonic acid antagonists. Components of both natural and acquired immunity, including the production of key inflammatory cytokines, can be affected by n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Although some of the effects of n-3 Fatty Acids may be brought about by modulation of the amount and types of eicosanoids made, it is possible that these Fatty Acids might elicit some of their effects by eicosanoid-independent mechanisms. Such n-3 Fatty acid-induced effects may be of use as a therapy for acute and chronic inflammation, and for disorders that involve an inappropriately-activated immune response.
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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids inflammation and immunity
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2002Co-Authors: Philip C CalderAbstract:Consumption of n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids greatly exceeds that of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. The n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty acid arachidonic gives rise to the eicosanoid family of inflammatory mediators (prostaglandins, leukotrienes and related metabolites) and through these regulates the activities of inflammatory cells, the production of cytokines and the various balances within the immune system. Fish oil and oily fish are good sources of long chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Consumption of these Fatty Acids decreases the amount of arachidonic acid in cell membranes and so available for eicosanoid production. Thus, n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids act as arachidonic acid antagonists. Components of both natural and acquired immunity, including the production of key inflammatory cytokines, can be affected by n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Although some of the effects of n-3 Fatty Acids may be brought about by modulation of the amount and types of eicosanoids made, it is possible that these Fatty Acids might elicit some of their effects by eicosanoid-independent mechanisms. Such n-3 Fatty acid-induced effects may be of use as a therapy for acute and chronic inflammation, and for disorders which involve an inappropriately activated immune response.
