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Mauli Kasmi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Relationship between Blue-Girdled Angelfish (Pomacanthus Navarchus) Exploitation and Availability for a Sustainable Fishery in South Sulawesi
Journal of Agricultural Studies, 2016Co-Authors: Mauli Kasmi, Karma AsrianyAbstract:Blue-girdled angelfish, Pomacanthus navarchus is marine, expensive ornamental fish and is gaining popularity to be traded globally from which the social welfare increases. The study aims to (1) analyze exploitation status of fish regarding fish stock sustainability in South Sulawesi water, and (2) find out fish availability and demand in terms of exploitation level. Making the estimation of exploitation level, it applies optimum effort (Eopt) using FOX model; and making the prediction of fish demand and supply, it applies least square method. The findings indicate the exploitation status of fish in South Sulawesi water has been, in general, far above the total allowable catch (TAC), while the backward bending curve of fish availability indicates decreasing supply yet increasing fish price.
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karakteristik habitat dan kelimpahan ikan hias injel batman Pomacanthus imperior di perairan kabupaten pangkep sulawesi selatan
JURNAL GALUNG TROPIKA, 2015Co-Authors: Abdullah Abdullah, Mauli KasmiAbstract:Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengestimasi dan menganalisis kelimpahan ikan hias Injel Batman ( Pomacanthus imperior ) berdasarkan kondisi tutupan karang hidup di perairan Kabupaten Pangkep, Sulawesi Selatan. Metode penelitian didasarkan pada sampling paralel antara kelimpahan (visual sensus) dan prosentase tutupan karang hidup (Point Intercept Transect) di lokasi penelitian. Lokasi penelitian di Perairan Kepulauan Liukang Tumpabbiring dan Kepulauan Liukang Tangaya. Hasil menunjukkan Kepulauan Liukang Tupabbiring mempunyai kelimpahan ikan 0,00005 ekor.m -2 dengan standing stock 138 ekor dan peraiaran Kecamatan Liukang Tangaya sebanyak 0,005 ekor. m -2 dengan standing stock 35.121 ekor. Kelimpahan ikan Injel Batman tidak berkorelasi positif dengan tutupan karang hidup tetapi keberadaannya dipengaruhi oleh struktur bentuk pertumbuhan karang (karasteristik habitat) yaitu di antara celah karang bercabang, submasive dan masive.
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faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan dan penawaran ekspor ikan hias injel napoleon Pomacanthus xanthometapon di sulawesi selatan
JURNAL GALUNG TROPIKA, 2014Co-Authors: Mauli KasmiAbstract:Indonesian ornamental fish export growth between 1987 to 2010 are likely to continue to rise. According AKKII and AKIS (2008), data obtained from the International Trade Center (ITC) shows the average growth of import demand for the country to reach 15% per year. Destination country or the world ornamental fish market, among others the European Union, the USA, Japan, Singapore and Taiwan. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors that affect the demand and supply of ornamental fish exports injel napoleon and to determine the level of supply and demand injel napoleon fish and its relation to the level of utilization. The analysis used is multiple linear regression models of log-log / double logarithmic models or also called constant elasticity using descriptive method. The data in this study based on the dimension of time, namely the time-series data (time series) derived from primary and secondary data from company exporters ornamental fish and ornamental fish business associations. Ornamental fish export price injel napoleon significant negative effect on the demand for ornamental fish export injel napoleon. Ornamental fish export price injel pajamas significant positive effect on the demand for ornamental fish export injel napoleon. The rupiah exchange rate against the dollar has no significant effect terhada p number injel napoleon fish export demand. Ornamental fish export price injel injel napoleon and pajamas as well as the exchange rate against the dollar significantly influence the number of ornamental fish export demand injel napoleon. Napoleon injel supply curve curved reverse (backward bending supply curve) shows that the supply is declining despite rising prices for suspected fish stock decreases.
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hubungan karakteristik habitat dengan kelimpahan ikan hias injel napoleon Pomacanthus xanthometapon di perairan kabupaten pangkep sulawesi selatan
JURNAL GALUNG TROPIKA, 2013Co-Authors: Mauli Kasmi, Sulkifli SulkifliAbstract:Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengestimasi dan menganalisis kelimpahan ikan hias Injel Napoleon ( Pomacanthus xanthometapon ) berdasarkan kondisi tutupan karang hidup di perairan Kabupaten Pangkep, Sulawesi Selatan. Ikan hias Injel Napoleon ini merupakan ikan hias laut termahal. Ikan ini hidup dan berkembang biak di habitat terumbu karang. Keberadaan dan kemunculannya pada habitat terumbu karang ini masih belum diketahui secara jelas. Kerusakan terumbu karang yang terjadi selama ini diperkirakan turut mengancam ketersedian ikan hias ini. Oleh karena itu, informasi kelimpahan kaitannya dengan kondisi terumbu karang (prosentase dan jenis tutupan karang hidup) menjadi sangat penting. Metode penelitian didasarkan pada sampling paralel antara kelimpahan (visual sensus) dan prosentase tutupan karang hidup (Point Intercept Transect) di lokasi penelitian. Lokasi penelitian di Perairan Kepulauan Liukang Tumpabbiring dan Kepulauan Liukang Tangaya. Analisis keterkaitan kelimpahan dan tutupan karang hidup dilakukan dengan regresi linier. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Status tutupan karang di perairan Kepulauan Tuppabiring bentuk reef flat berada pada kondisi baik (53,50 %), reef cress sedang (47,28%), dan reef slope baik (52,78%), sedangkan di perairan Kepulauan Liukang Tangaya yang ditemukan pada bentuk reef flat berada pada kondisi baik (54,17 %), reef cress baik (58,11%), dan reef slope baik ( 60,28%). Kelimpahan ikan Injel Napoleon sebesar 0,0004 ekor/m 2 dan standing stock 12.411.333 ekor pada perairan Kepulauan Liukang Tupabbiring sedangkan pada Kepulauan Liukang Tangaya sebesar 0,016 ekor/m 2 dan standing stock 727.718.000.
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status pemanfaatan berdasarkan ukuran ikan hias injel napoleon Pomacanthus xanthometapon di perairan sulawesi selatan
JURNAL GALUNG TROPIKA, 2012Co-Authors: Mauli KasmiAbstract:This research aims at: 1) Determine the utilization of fish in the waters injel napolen South Sulawesi. 2) Knowing the production rate under on sustainability stocks in the waters of South Sulawesi. 3) to analyze the size and age structure of fish in the waters injel napolen South Sulawesi. The basic method used in this research is descriptive and explanatory. Kinds of data in this study based dimensiwaktu, the time series data (time series) and cross section (cross-points) and the weight of the fish length.The Status of analysis is the use of the model to determine the relationship FOX CPUE and effort. The composition of the length and weight of fish length injel napoleon analyzed descriptively in tables and graphs with units or percentages. Injel napoleon fish caught is where 53% of young fish gonadnya undeveloped, 26% female, 14% male and 7% hermaphrodites. While fekunditasnya not be determined because gonadnya undeveloped. Size of the fish were caught ranging in size from 4.3 cm which is dominated by the size of 8.1 to 11 cm (38.4%) and the size from 11.1 to 15 (29.4%). While the size of the largest was 15.1 - 25 cm which is only 6.7%. Length relationships are allometrik weight, growth rate of 0.4934 cm / yr with a maximum length of 41.7 cm at the age of 13 years. Examples of fish obtained 1.5 years old, age of first arrest 151 days and the age of first spawning of 2.5 years.
David R. Bellwood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evolution of sympatric species: a case study of the coral reef fish genus Pomacanthus (Pomacanthidae)
Journal of Biogeography, 2013Co-Authors: Jennifer R. Hodge, Charmaine I. Read, David R. Bellwood, Lynne Van HerwerdenAbstract:Aim: To establish a spatial and temporal framework within which we can begin to investigate the role of geography in the evolution of Pomacanthus species. This study examines the phylogenetic relationships among Pomacanthus species, tests whether the degree of sympatry among sister taxa correlates with their age, and explores potential modes of diversification. Location: Pan-tropical coral reef systems. Methods: Three gene regions (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and nuclear S7) from all 13 Pomacanthus species were used in conjunction with fossil calibration to reconstruct a chronogram. IUCN maps were used to evaluate geographical range overlap. Various age–range correlation (ARC) analyses were used to test for a correlation between range overlap and node age. Range-size symmetry and node age were also examined. Results: Biogeographical splits within the phylogeny corroborated key biogeographical events well, suggesting a potential role for allopatric speciation in the evolutionary history of the genus. ARC analyses suggested that speciation leading to sympatry is widespread in Pomacanthus, with 80% of sister species showing complete or substantial (> 85%) range overlap. No significant relationship between degree of sympatry and node age was recovered, which demonstrates that, for this group, exceptional sympatry is not necessarily a result of relatively old lineages. Range-size symmetry analysis was consistent with models of peripatric speciation within a finite area. Main conclusions: We present evidence consistent with allopatric speciation, while our ARC results are consistent with simulations of sympatric speciation, with the possibility of peripheral budding having led to the richness of sympatric species in the West Indian Ocean. We discuss how these processes can affect the interpretation of temporal and spatial analyses, and provide a basis for future investigations into the processes driving speciation.
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Macroalgal grazing selectivity among herbivorous coral reef fishes
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2007Co-Authors: Chrystal S. Mantyka, David R. BellwoodAbstract:Despite growing interest in examining functional groups among coral reef species, few studies have examined the relative functional impacts of individual herbivorous fish species in coral reef ecosystem processes. We investigated potential functional roles within an herbivorous reef fish assemblage by assessing the feeding selectivity of fishes on macroalgae. Transplanted multiple-choice algal assays and remote stationary underwater digital video cameras were used to quantify the feeding selectivity of 6 herbivorous reef fish species: Siganus doliatus and S. canaliculatus (Siganidae); Chlorurus microrhinos, Hipposcarus longiceps, and Scarus rivulatus (Labridae); and Pomacanthus sexstriatus (Pomacanthidae). The siganids strongly selected Sargassum sp. (Phaeophyta) and, to a lesser extent, Hypnea sp. (Rhodophyta), but strongly avoided calcified macroalgae. However, S. doliatus displayed strong selection for Hypnea sp., whereas S. canaliculatus exhibited stronger selection for Sargassum sp. In contrast, the parrotfishes exhibited similar selectivities, with all 3 species selecting heavily calcified Halimeda spp. (Chlorophyta), but strongly avoiding Galaxaura sp. (Rhodophyta) and other red and brown macroalgal species. The pomacanthid was the least selective of the 6 fish species, exhibiting no clear selection or avoidance. These results emphasize the potential variation among species within presumed functional groups, and the need for care when defining functional groups at the family or the genus level. The extent of specialization, with strong selection and avoidance, suggests that functional redundancy among herbivores may be less than previously assumed.
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prey capture in Pomacanthus semicirculatus teleostei pomacanthidae functional implications of intramandibular joints in marine angelfishes
The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2005Co-Authors: Nicolai Konow, David R. BellwoodAbstract:We examined prey-capture morphology and kinematics in the angelfish, Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier 1931), to evaluate the magnitude and role of functional specialisation. The feeding apparatus of P. semicirculatus possess three biomechanical mechanisms of particular interest: (1) a novel intramandibular joint, permitting dentary rotation and protruded jaw closure; (2) an opercular linkage facilitating mandible depression; and (3) a suspensorial linkage with two novel points of flexion, permitting anterior rotation of the suspensorium and augmenting mandible protrusion. Prey-capture kinematics were quantified using motion analysis of high-speed video, yielding performance profiles illustrating timing of onset, duration and magnitude of movement in these three biomechanical systems, and other variables traditionally quantified in studies of teleostean ram–suction feeding activity. Mandible depression and suspensorial rotation both augmented mandible protrusion, and coincided during jaw protrusion, typically increasing head length by 30%. Jaw closure appeared to result from contraction of the adductor mandibulae segment A2, which rotated the dentary by approximately 30° relative to the articular. This resulted in jaw closure with the mandible fully depressed and the jaws at peak-protrusion. Feeding events were concluded by a high-velocity jaw retraction (20–50 ms), and completed in 450–750 ms. Feeding kinematics and morphology of Pomacanthus differed from other biting teleosts, and more closely resemble some long-jawed ram–suction feeders. The structural and functional modifications in the Pomacanthus feeding apparatus are matched to an unusual diet of structurally resilient and firmly attached benthic prey.
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Prey-capture in Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Teleostei, Pomacanthidae): functional implications of intramandibular joints in marine angelfishes.
The Journal of experimental biology, 2005Co-Authors: Nicolai Konow, David R. BellwoodAbstract:We examined prey-capture morphology and kinematics in the angelfish, Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier 1931), to evaluate the magnitude and role of functional specialisation. The feeding apparatus of P. semicirculatus possess three biomechanical mechanisms of particular interest: (1) a novel intramandibular joint, permitting dentary rotation and protruded jaw closure; (2) an opercular linkage facilitating mandible depression; and (3) a suspensorial linkage with two novel points of flexion, permitting anterior rotation of the suspensorium and augmenting mandible protrusion. Prey-capture kinematics were quantified using motion analysis of high-speed video, yielding performance profiles illustrating timing of onset, duration and magnitude of movement in these three biomechanical systems, and other variables traditionally quantified in studies of teleostean ram-suction feeding activity. Mandible depression and suspensorial rotation both augmented mandible protrusion, and coincided during jaw protrusion, typically increasing head length by 30%. Jaw closure appeared to result from contraction of the adductor mandibulae segment A2, which rotated the dentary by approximately 30 degrees relative to the articular. This resulted in jaw closure with the mandible fully depressed and the jaws at peak-protrusion. Feeding events were concluded by a high-velocity jaw retraction (20-50 ms), and completed in 450-750 ms. Feeding kinematics and morphology of Pomacanthus differed from other biting teleosts, and more closely resemble some long-jawed ram-suction feeders. The structural and functional modifications in the Pomacanthus feeding apparatus are matched to an unusual diet of structurally resilient and firmly attached benthic prey.
Karma Asriany - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Relationship between Blue-Girdled Angelfish (Pomacanthus Navarchus) Exploitation and Availability for a Sustainable Fishery in South Sulawesi
Journal of Agricultural Studies, 2016Co-Authors: Mauli Kasmi, Karma AsrianyAbstract:Blue-girdled angelfish, Pomacanthus navarchus is marine, expensive ornamental fish and is gaining popularity to be traded globally from which the social welfare increases. The study aims to (1) analyze exploitation status of fish regarding fish stock sustainability in South Sulawesi water, and (2) find out fish availability and demand in terms of exploitation level. Making the estimation of exploitation level, it applies optimum effort (Eopt) using FOX model; and making the prediction of fish demand and supply, it applies least square method. The findings indicate the exploitation status of fish in South Sulawesi water has been, in general, far above the total allowable catch (TAC), while the backward bending curve of fish availability indicates decreasing supply yet increasing fish price.
Nicolai Konow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Adult Emperor angelfish (Pomacanthus imperator) clean Giant sunfishes (Mola mola) at Nusa Lembongan, Indonesia
Coral Reefs, 2006Co-Authors: Nicolai Konow, Richard Fitzpatrick, Adam BarnettAbstract:[Extract] Over 4 days in October 2004, up to 16 ectoparasite-laden Giant Sunfishes (Mola Mola) were observed off Nusa Lembongan, Indonesia, confirming indigenous reports of annual Mola agregations at a short stretch of coral reef slope. An 'assembly line' of five coral reef species cleaning separate Mola body regions was documented. Butterflyfish species (Chaetodon kleinii and Heniochus diphreutes) cleaned the ventral and head areas respectively, while wrasses (Labroides dimidiatus and Thalasoma lunare) covered flank regions. Surprisingly, of 37 observed cleaning events, ~40% were dominated by large Emperor angelfishes, Pomacanthus imperator (n≤12;total length
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prey capture in Pomacanthus semicirculatus teleostei pomacanthidae functional implications of intramandibular joints in marine angelfishes
The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2005Co-Authors: Nicolai Konow, David R. BellwoodAbstract:We examined prey-capture morphology and kinematics in the angelfish, Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier 1931), to evaluate the magnitude and role of functional specialisation. The feeding apparatus of P. semicirculatus possess three biomechanical mechanisms of particular interest: (1) a novel intramandibular joint, permitting dentary rotation and protruded jaw closure; (2) an opercular linkage facilitating mandible depression; and (3) a suspensorial linkage with two novel points of flexion, permitting anterior rotation of the suspensorium and augmenting mandible protrusion. Prey-capture kinematics were quantified using motion analysis of high-speed video, yielding performance profiles illustrating timing of onset, duration and magnitude of movement in these three biomechanical systems, and other variables traditionally quantified in studies of teleostean ram–suction feeding activity. Mandible depression and suspensorial rotation both augmented mandible protrusion, and coincided during jaw protrusion, typically increasing head length by 30%. Jaw closure appeared to result from contraction of the adductor mandibulae segment A2, which rotated the dentary by approximately 30° relative to the articular. This resulted in jaw closure with the mandible fully depressed and the jaws at peak-protrusion. Feeding events were concluded by a high-velocity jaw retraction (20–50 ms), and completed in 450–750 ms. Feeding kinematics and morphology of Pomacanthus differed from other biting teleosts, and more closely resemble some long-jawed ram–suction feeders. The structural and functional modifications in the Pomacanthus feeding apparatus are matched to an unusual diet of structurally resilient and firmly attached benthic prey.
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Prey-capture in Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Teleostei, Pomacanthidae): functional implications of intramandibular joints in marine angelfishes.
The Journal of experimental biology, 2005Co-Authors: Nicolai Konow, David R. BellwoodAbstract:We examined prey-capture morphology and kinematics in the angelfish, Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier 1931), to evaluate the magnitude and role of functional specialisation. The feeding apparatus of P. semicirculatus possess three biomechanical mechanisms of particular interest: (1) a novel intramandibular joint, permitting dentary rotation and protruded jaw closure; (2) an opercular linkage facilitating mandible depression; and (3) a suspensorial linkage with two novel points of flexion, permitting anterior rotation of the suspensorium and augmenting mandible protrusion. Prey-capture kinematics were quantified using motion analysis of high-speed video, yielding performance profiles illustrating timing of onset, duration and magnitude of movement in these three biomechanical systems, and other variables traditionally quantified in studies of teleostean ram-suction feeding activity. Mandible depression and suspensorial rotation both augmented mandible protrusion, and coincided during jaw protrusion, typically increasing head length by 30%. Jaw closure appeared to result from contraction of the adductor mandibulae segment A2, which rotated the dentary by approximately 30 degrees relative to the articular. This resulted in jaw closure with the mandible fully depressed and the jaws at peak-protrusion. Feeding events were concluded by a high-velocity jaw retraction (20-50 ms), and completed in 450-750 ms. Feeding kinematics and morphology of Pomacanthus differed from other biting teleosts, and more closely resemble some long-jawed ram-suction feeders. The structural and functional modifications in the Pomacanthus feeding apparatus are matched to an unusual diet of structurally resilient and firmly attached benthic prey.
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Feeding ecomorphology in angelfishes, f.Pomacanthidae: the implications of functionalinnovations on prey-dislodgement in biting reef fishes
2005Co-Authors: Nicolai KonowAbstract:On coral reefs, biting teleosts form a major component of reef fish assemblages. Nevertheless, they have been largely overlooked in functional research, while their ramsuction feeding counterparts have received considerable attention over the past few decades. This thesis therefore examines the functional basis of biting in coral reef fishes, with a focus on the marine angelfishes (f. Pomacanthidae), and other deep-bodied squamipinnid fishes. To evaluate the magnitude and role of functional specialisation associated with prey-capture in angelfishes, a basal species, Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier, 1931) was selected as a model taxon for comprehensive functional analysis. The feeding apparatus of Pomacanthus contains two biomechanical mechanisms of particular interest: an intramandibular joint, and a suspensorial linkage with two novel points of flexion. Preycapture kinematics were quantified using motion analysis of high-speed video, generating performance profiles to illustrate timing of onset, duration and magnitude of movement in the novel mechanisms. Mandible depression and suspensorial rotation coincide during jaw protrusion, and augment mandible protrusion to increase head length typically by 30%. Jaw closure at peak jaw protrusion appears to result from contraction of the adductor mandibulae segment A2, the only segment with insertions facilitating rotation of the dentary by approx. 30o relative to the articular. Feeding events are concluded by a highvelocity jaw retraction typically lasting 20-50 ms, and completed in 450-750 msec. Pomacanthus feeding morphology and kinematics differ from other biting teleosts, and more closely resemble some long-jawed ram-suction feeders, with the novel feeding kinematics matching an unusual diet of structurally resilient and firmly attached prey. Ten angelfish species representing all phylogenetic lineages were chosen from the GBR fauna, in order to analyse morphological and kinematic disparity in the angelfish feeding apparatus. Angelfish cranial architecture exhibits remarkable evolutionary stability with constructional changes restricted to key suspensorial specialisations governing increased jaw protrusibility, differential jaw protrusion angles and variations in alimentary tract morphology. Whilst it was previously suggested that intramandibular joints increase mechanical complexity and expand jaw-gape, in angelfishes the joint is a synapomorphy with novel gape-restricting kinematics. Individual means of the 32 most informative kinematics variables in Pomacanthus were extracted from high-speed video of feeding events. Concordant with phylogenetic evidence, the derived pygmy-angel subgenera, Centropyge [Centropyge] and C. [Xiphypops] differ significantly in several traits, whereas the basal Pomacanthus subgenera are largely indistinguishable. The monotypic Pygoplites exhibits the most pronounced flexion and Genicanthus consistently demonstrate the most restricted flexion in most variables measured. Mapping of informative alimentary traits to a phylogeny delineated divergent angelfish feeding guilds. Grab-and-tearing omnivory on sponges and other sturdy prey is utilised by several large and robust taxa and constitutes the basal trophic guild. More gracile, biting omnivory is commonly utilised in derived pygmy-angel taxa, while dislodging herbivory arose both in the basal large-bodied P. [Euxiphipops] and in the derived C. [Xiphypops]; planktivory in Genicanthus is atavistic. Gape-restricting intramandibular flexion, suspensorial rotation augmenting lower jaw protrusion and a high-velocity jaw retraction are important functional innovations with major implications for angelfish feeding morphology and kinematics. Coupled with distinct size differences amongst taxa, these traits form the functional basis for a considerable ecological diversification in angelfishes. The functional basis of biting in reef fishes was investigated in 11 deep-bodied families, to examine the relationships between novel intramandibular joints and associated trophic ecology. The results suggest convergent intramandibular joint evolution leading to biting strategies in at least five families. Restricted flexion repeatedly coincides with functional reversion to zoo-planktivory while basal ram-suction feeders generally lack flexion. In angelfishes, intramandibular joints are symplesiomorphic and evolutionarily stable, exhibiting limited kinematic divergence, averaging flexion of 27±11.1o and causing jaw occlusion at peak protrusion. Angelfish kinematics contrast with all other intramandibular joint bearers, in which gape-expanding flexion concludes prior to jawclosure. Intramandibular flexion and transition from ram-suction to biting in butterflyfishes coincide, with flexion magnitude, culminating in the crown-group of Corallochaetodon (16±6.6o) and Citharoedus (49±2.7o). Character mapping and optimisation revealed that up to seven intramandibular flexion transitions/reversals consistently correspond with trophic transitions from freeliving to attached prey. Whilst functional patterns reflect convergence of this joint, the evolutionary origin of intramandibular flexion in the squamipinnid fishes remains ambiguous. Nevertheless, a complex evolutionary history appears to have led to widespread intramandibular joint occurrence in extant biting groups, suggesting that this is a major functional innovation, and a functional prerequisite to biting in many reef fish taxa. In summary, the functional innovations of the angelfish feeding apparatus allow these fishes to pass ecological thresholds and exploit novel trophic strategies, using graband- tearing for herbivory and spongivory. Intramandibular joints appear to have been an important functional innovation, playing a similar role in driving the ecological diversification of the squamipinnes as the pharyngeal jaw apparatus in the Labroidei. However, an emerging trend of reduced feeding apparatus disparity in biters, when compared to ram-suction feeding taxa, supports the theory that novel traits can pose constraints on functional diversification. The results herein illustrate the utility of direct performance testing in quantifying disparity patterns at the organismal and assemblagelevel and emphasise the potential for combining ecomorphological and biomechanical techniques in elucidating the functional basis of the biting feeding mode.
N. Y. S. Woo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phylogenetic relationships of the Pomacanthidae (Pisces: Teleostei) inferred from allozyme variation
Journal of Zoology, 1998Co-Authors: K. C. Chung, N. Y. S. WooAbstract:Phylogenetic relationships of 31 pomacanthid species representing all genera were investigated by horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Nei's genetic distances (D) were calculated and dendrograms constructed from allozyme variation in 23 loci. The average D value was 0.03 between conspecific colour variants, 0.40 between congeneric subgenera, and 1.27 between confamilial genera. From the dendrograms the following were revealed: (1) the generic status of Apolemichthys arcuatus and Holacanthus venustus, as well as the generic and subgeneric status of Centropyge multifasciata were confirmed; (2) the subgeneric status of Xiphypops was confirmed; (3) Pygoplites diacanthus was found to be closely related to members of the subgenus Pomacanthus; (4) Pomacanthus zonipectus was found to be biochemically distinct from its con-subgeners; (5) the genera Pomacanthus and Holacanthus are more closely related than currently thought; (6) the Genicanthus species might warrant a subfamily of their own.