The Experts below are selected from a list of 9342 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ralf Schwarzer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emotional and uncontrolled eating styles and chocolate chip cookie consumption a controlled trial of the effects of Positive Mood enhancement
Appetite, 2010Co-Authors: Sally Turner, Aleksandra Luszczynska, Lisa M Warner, Ralf SchwarzerAbstract:The study tested the effects of Positive Mood enhancement on chocolate chip cookie consumption in the context of emotional and uncontrolled eating styles. The relationship between emotional eating style and chocolate chip cookie intake was assumed to be mediated by uncontrolled eating style. Further, it was hypothesized that the effectiveness of the Positive Mood enhancement may be more salient among those who have effective control of their eating. In this experimental study, respondents (N = 106, 70% women, aged 16–45 years old) were assigned by means of cluster randomization to the control or Positive Mood enhancement condition (a comedy movie clip). Compared to the control condition, Positive Mood enhancement resulted in consuming on average 53.86 kcal less. Relationships between emotional eating style and cookie intake were mediated by uncontrolled eating. Moderated mediation analysis indicated that the effect of a mediator (uncontrolled eating) on cookie intake was moderated by the group assignment. Positive Mood enhancement resulted in eating on average 3.3 cookies less among individuals with a more controlled eating style. By contrast, among those who presented uncontrolled eating, Positive Mood enhancement led to consuming an average of 1.7 cookies more.
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Emotional and uncontrolled eating styles and chocolate chip cookie consumption. A controlled trial of the effects of Positive Mood enhancement
Appetite, 2010Co-Authors: Sally Ann Turner, Lisa Warner, Aleksandra Luszczynska, Ralf SchwarzerAbstract:The study tested the effects of Positive Mood enhancement on chocolate chip cookie consumption in the context of emotional and uncontrolled eating styles. The relationship between emotional eating style and chocolate chip cookie intake was assumed to be mediated by uncontrolled eating style. Further, it was hypothesized that the effectiveness of the Positive Mood enhancement may be more salient among those who have effective control of their eating. In this experimental study, respondents (N = 106, 70% women, aged 16-45 years old) were assigned by means of cluster randomization to the control or Positive Mood enhancement condition (a comedy movie clip). Compared to the control condition, Positive Mood enhancement resulted in consuming on average 53.86 kcal less. Relationships between emotional eating style and cookie intake were mediated by uncontrolled eating. Moderated mediation analysis indicated that the effect of a mediator (uncontrolled eating) on cookie intake was moderated by the group assignment. Positive Mood enhancement resulted in eating on average 3.3 cookies less among individuals with a more controlled eating style. By contrast, among those who presented uncontrolled eating, Positive Mood enhancement led to consuming an average of 1.7 cookies more. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Janet Treasure - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of negative and Positive Mood induction on eating behaviour a meta analysis of laboratory studies in the healthy population and eating and weight disorders
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2015Co-Authors: Valentina Cardi, Jenni Leppanen, Janet TreasureAbstract:Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to quantify the effect of induced negative and Positive Mood on meal consumption in healthy participants and patients with eating and weight disorders. Method The search term “Mood” was combined with the following keywords: “TEST MEAL” or “LABORATORY FEEDING” or “LABORATORY MEAL” or “TASTE TEST” or “TASTE TASK” to identify the relevant studies. Results Thirty-three studies were selected, including 2491 participants. Two meta-analyses compared negative Mood or Positive Mood with neutral Mood. Induced negative Mood was significantly associated with greater food intake, especially in restrained eaters and binge eaters. Positive Mood was also associated with greater caloric intake across groups. Conclusion These findings support the causal relationship between negative Mood and greater food intake, especially in restrained eaters and binge eaters. Preliminary evidence indicates that strategies to improve Positive Mood might be of benefit for people with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, although the size of the effect across a single meal is small.
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the impact of induced Positive Mood on symptomatic behaviour in eating disorders an experimental ab ba crossover design testing a multimodal presentation during a test meal
Appetite, 2015Co-Authors: Valentina Cardi, Mirko Esposito, Ariana Clarke, Sylvia Schifano, Janet TreasureAbstract:Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to test the impact of a multimodal Positive Mood vodcast including pleasant images, background uplifting music and a script designed to elicit Positive Mood on eating disorders-related symptoms in participants suffering from an Eating Disorder (ED) and healthy controls (HCs). Method: Forty-two women with an ED (Anorexia Nervosa [AN]: N = 19; Bulimia Nervosa [BN]: N = 23) and 36 HCs were included in an AB/BA cross-over design which compared the use of a Positive Mood induction procedure (“Positive Mood vodcast”) with a control condition (i.e. blue static background, neutral music, and script describing objective facts) during a test-meal. Self-report measures and behavioural tasks were completed before and after the test-meal. Results: The Positive Mood vodcast was associated with greater consumption of the test meal in the AN group; reduced vigilance to food stimuli and lower anxiety in the BN sample; and no significant changes in the HC group. Discussion: The use of a Positive Mood vodcast was associated with some beneficial effects in the context of an experimental test-meal in participants with an ED.
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The impact of experimentally-induced Positive Mood on affect, eating behaviour, and eating-related responses
Appetite, 2013Co-Authors: Valentina Cardi, Mirko Esposito, A. Cunha, Janet TreasureAbstract:Negative affect has been linked to abnormal eating patterns. The present study examined the impact of a video-clip aimed at inducing Positive Mood in a sample of healthy controls (HCs; N = 35) and a sample of patients with anorexic symptoms (EDs; N = 13). Participants took part in two experimental sessions comparing the use of a vodcast to increase Positive Mood (experimental condition) with the use of a video-clip with contents related to general knowledge (control condition) during a test-meal (smoothie). They completed baseline and post-meal self-report and behavioural assessments. The amount of smoothie consumed was also measured. No changes in Mood, feelings of fatness, fullness, urge to exercise and restrict intake, attentional bias to food, and number of Positive and negative words recalled occurred in the neutral condition for both groups. In the experimental condition, both healthy controls and patients reported higher levels of Positive Mood (HCs p = .04; EDs p = .01). Healthy controls also reported higher levels of fullness (p = .006) and showed a significant change of the attentional pattern to food stimuli (p = .03). The clinical sample reported also lower levels of negative Mood (p = .04), recalled fewer negative words (p = .05), and showed a trend for a reduction in urge to restrict (p = .07) in the experimental condition. In terms of eating behaviour, the use of the Positive Mood vodcast was associated to a greater consumption of smoothie in the clinical sample (p = .02), whereas no differences between conditions were found in the healthy controls.
Valentina Cardi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of negative and Positive Mood induction on eating behaviour a meta analysis of laboratory studies in the healthy population and eating and weight disorders
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2015Co-Authors: Valentina Cardi, Jenni Leppanen, Janet TreasureAbstract:Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to quantify the effect of induced negative and Positive Mood on meal consumption in healthy participants and patients with eating and weight disorders. Method The search term “Mood” was combined with the following keywords: “TEST MEAL” or “LABORATORY FEEDING” or “LABORATORY MEAL” or “TASTE TEST” or “TASTE TASK” to identify the relevant studies. Results Thirty-three studies were selected, including 2491 participants. Two meta-analyses compared negative Mood or Positive Mood with neutral Mood. Induced negative Mood was significantly associated with greater food intake, especially in restrained eaters and binge eaters. Positive Mood was also associated with greater caloric intake across groups. Conclusion These findings support the causal relationship between negative Mood and greater food intake, especially in restrained eaters and binge eaters. Preliminary evidence indicates that strategies to improve Positive Mood might be of benefit for people with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, although the size of the effect across a single meal is small.
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the impact of induced Positive Mood on symptomatic behaviour in eating disorders an experimental ab ba crossover design testing a multimodal presentation during a test meal
Appetite, 2015Co-Authors: Valentina Cardi, Mirko Esposito, Ariana Clarke, Sylvia Schifano, Janet TreasureAbstract:Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to test the impact of a multimodal Positive Mood vodcast including pleasant images, background uplifting music and a script designed to elicit Positive Mood on eating disorders-related symptoms in participants suffering from an Eating Disorder (ED) and healthy controls (HCs). Method: Forty-two women with an ED (Anorexia Nervosa [AN]: N = 19; Bulimia Nervosa [BN]: N = 23) and 36 HCs were included in an AB/BA cross-over design which compared the use of a Positive Mood induction procedure (“Positive Mood vodcast”) with a control condition (i.e. blue static background, neutral music, and script describing objective facts) during a test-meal. Self-report measures and behavioural tasks were completed before and after the test-meal. Results: The Positive Mood vodcast was associated with greater consumption of the test meal in the AN group; reduced vigilance to food stimuli and lower anxiety in the BN sample; and no significant changes in the HC group. Discussion: The use of a Positive Mood vodcast was associated with some beneficial effects in the context of an experimental test-meal in participants with an ED.
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The impact of experimentally-induced Positive Mood on affect, eating behaviour, and eating-related responses
Appetite, 2013Co-Authors: Valentina Cardi, Mirko Esposito, A. Cunha, Janet TreasureAbstract:Negative affect has been linked to abnormal eating patterns. The present study examined the impact of a video-clip aimed at inducing Positive Mood in a sample of healthy controls (HCs; N = 35) and a sample of patients with anorexic symptoms (EDs; N = 13). Participants took part in two experimental sessions comparing the use of a vodcast to increase Positive Mood (experimental condition) with the use of a video-clip with contents related to general knowledge (control condition) during a test-meal (smoothie). They completed baseline and post-meal self-report and behavioural assessments. The amount of smoothie consumed was also measured. No changes in Mood, feelings of fatness, fullness, urge to exercise and restrict intake, attentional bias to food, and number of Positive and negative words recalled occurred in the neutral condition for both groups. In the experimental condition, both healthy controls and patients reported higher levels of Positive Mood (HCs p = .04; EDs p = .01). Healthy controls also reported higher levels of fullness (p = .006) and showed a significant change of the attentional pattern to food stimuli (p = .03). The clinical sample reported also lower levels of negative Mood (p = .04), recalled fewer negative words (p = .05), and showed a trend for a reduction in urge to restrict (p = .07) in the experimental condition. In terms of eating behaviour, the use of the Positive Mood vodcast was associated to a greater consumption of smoothie in the clinical sample (p = .02), whereas no differences between conditions were found in the healthy controls.
Aleksandra Luszczynska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emotional and uncontrolled eating styles and chocolate chip cookie consumption a controlled trial of the effects of Positive Mood enhancement
Appetite, 2010Co-Authors: Sally Turner, Aleksandra Luszczynska, Lisa M Warner, Ralf SchwarzerAbstract:The study tested the effects of Positive Mood enhancement on chocolate chip cookie consumption in the context of emotional and uncontrolled eating styles. The relationship between emotional eating style and chocolate chip cookie intake was assumed to be mediated by uncontrolled eating style. Further, it was hypothesized that the effectiveness of the Positive Mood enhancement may be more salient among those who have effective control of their eating. In this experimental study, respondents (N = 106, 70% women, aged 16–45 years old) were assigned by means of cluster randomization to the control or Positive Mood enhancement condition (a comedy movie clip). Compared to the control condition, Positive Mood enhancement resulted in consuming on average 53.86 kcal less. Relationships between emotional eating style and cookie intake were mediated by uncontrolled eating. Moderated mediation analysis indicated that the effect of a mediator (uncontrolled eating) on cookie intake was moderated by the group assignment. Positive Mood enhancement resulted in eating on average 3.3 cookies less among individuals with a more controlled eating style. By contrast, among those who presented uncontrolled eating, Positive Mood enhancement led to consuming an average of 1.7 cookies more.
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Emotional and uncontrolled eating styles and chocolate chip cookie consumption. A controlled trial of the effects of Positive Mood enhancement
Appetite, 2010Co-Authors: Sally Ann Turner, Lisa Warner, Aleksandra Luszczynska, Ralf SchwarzerAbstract:The study tested the effects of Positive Mood enhancement on chocolate chip cookie consumption in the context of emotional and uncontrolled eating styles. The relationship between emotional eating style and chocolate chip cookie intake was assumed to be mediated by uncontrolled eating style. Further, it was hypothesized that the effectiveness of the Positive Mood enhancement may be more salient among those who have effective control of their eating. In this experimental study, respondents (N = 106, 70% women, aged 16-45 years old) were assigned by means of cluster randomization to the control or Positive Mood enhancement condition (a comedy movie clip). Compared to the control condition, Positive Mood enhancement resulted in consuming on average 53.86 kcal less. Relationships between emotional eating style and cookie intake were mediated by uncontrolled eating. Moderated mediation analysis indicated that the effect of a mediator (uncontrolled eating) on cookie intake was moderated by the group assignment. Positive Mood enhancement resulted in eating on average 3.3 cookies less among individuals with a more controlled eating style. By contrast, among those who presented uncontrolled eating, Positive Mood enhancement led to consuming an average of 1.7 cookies more. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Rudi De Raedt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of Positive Mood on flexible processing of affective information.
Emotion, 2017Co-Authors: Maud Grol, Rudi De RaedtAbstract:Recent efforts have been made to understand the cognitive mechanisms underlying psychological resilience. Cognitive flexibility in the context of affective information has been related to individual differences in resilience. However, it is unclear whether flexible affective processing is sensitive to Mood fluctuations. Furthermore, it remains to be investigated how effects on flexible affective processing interact with the affective valence of information that is presented. To fill this gap, we tested the effects of Positive Mood and individual differences in self-reported resilience on affective flexibility, using a task switching paradigm (N = 80). The main findings showed that Positive Mood was related to lower task switching costs, reflecting increased flexibility, in line with previous findings. In line with this effect of Positive Mood, we showed that greater resilience levels, specifically levels of acceptance of self and life, also facilitated task set switching in the context of affective information. However, the effects of resilience on affective flexibility seem more complex. Resilience tended to relate to more efficient task switching when negative information was preceded by Positive information, possibly because the presentation of Positive information, as well as Positive Mood, can facilitate task set switching. Positive Mood also influenced costs associated with switching affective valence of the presented information. This latter effect was indicative of a reduced impact of no longer relevant negative information and more impact of no longer relevant Positive information. Future research should confirm these effects of individual differences in resilience on affective flexibility, considering the affective valence of the presented information. (PsycINFO Database Record
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happy heart smiling eyes a systematic review of Positive Mood effects on broadening of visuospatial attention
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2016Co-Authors: Naomi Vanlessen, Rudi De Raedt, Ernst H W Koster, Gilles PourtoisAbstract:Positive Mood contributes to mental and physical wellbeing. The broaden-and-build theory (Fredrickson, 2001) proposed that the beneficial effects of Positive Mood on life quality result from attentional broadening. In this article, we systematically review (following PRISMA guidelines; Moher et al., 2009), a host of studies investigating the nature and extent of attentional changes triggered by the experience of Positive Mood, with a focus on vision. While several studies reported a broadening of attention, others found that Positive Mood led to a more diffuse information processing style. Positive Mood appears to lessen attention selectivity in a way that is context-specific and bound to limitations. We propose a new framework in which we postulate that Positive Mood impacts the balance between internally and externally directed attention, through modulations of cognitive control processes, instead of broadening attention per se. This novel model is able to accommodate discrepant findings, seeks to translate the phenomenon of the so-called broadening of attention with Positive Mood into functional terms, and provides plausible neurobiological mechanisms underlying this effect, suggesting a crucial role of the anterior and posterior cingulate cortex in this interaction.
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effects of Positive Mood on probabilistic learning behavioral and electrophysiological correlates
Biological Psychology, 2014Co-Authors: Jasmina Bakic, Marieke Jepma, Rudi De Raedt, Gilles PourtoisAbstract:Abstract Whether Positive Mood can change reinforcement learning or not remains an open question. In this study, we used a probabilistic learning task and explored whether Positive Mood could alter the way Positive versus negative feedback was used to guide learning. This process was characterized both at the behavioral and electro-encephalographic levels. Thirty two participants were randomly allocated either to a Positive or a neutral (control) Mood condition. Behavioral results showed that while learning performance was balanced between the two groups, participants in the Positive Mood group had a higher learning rate than participants in the neutral Mood group. At the electrophysiological level, we found that Positive Mood increased the error-related negativity when the stimulus–response associations were deterministic, selectively (as opposed to random or probabilistic). However, it did not influence the feedback-related negativity. These new findings are discussed in terms of an enhanced internal reward prediction error signal after the induction of Positive Mood when the probability of getting a reward is high.
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effects of Positive Mood on attentional breadth for emotional stimuli
Frontiers in Psychology, 2014Co-Authors: Maud Grol, Rudi De RaedtAbstract:Although earlier studies have related Positive emotions to attentional broadening, recent findings point out the complexity of this relation and show that these broadening effects interact with factors such as characteristics of the information that is presented. Besides stimuli characteristics, individual characteristics such as the presence of depressive symptoms could also influence the broadening effects as depressive symptoms have previously been related to a more narrow attentional scope. Therefore, the aim of this study was to further investigate the attentional broadening effects of Positive emotions, testing whether this is influenced by the emotional valence of the information presented and secondly, how the presence of depressive symptoms might interact with this relationship. We used a performance-based measure to assess fluctuations in attentional broadening for Positive, neutral, and negative stimuli. We assessed the presence and severity of depressive symptoms in an unselected study sample and tested whether these symptoms moderate the relationship between induced Positive Mood and attentional breadth for emotional information. Results showed no direct relation between Positive Mood and attentional breadth, regardless of the emotional valence of the stimuli. However, the presence of depressive symptoms moderated this relationship in such a way that among low levels of depressive symptoms, Positive Mood was related to attentional broadening specifically when Positive information was presented, while at high levels of depressive symptoms this relation was reversed. The current findings suggest that both stimuli characteristics, individual characteristics and their interplay should be taken into account when investigating the broadening effects of Positive emotions.
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effects of Positive Mood on attention broadening for self related information
Psychological Research-psychologische Forschung, 2013Co-Authors: Maud Grol, Ernst H W Koster, Lynn Bruyneel, Rudi De RaedtAbstract:Studies on cognitive effects of Positive emotions have associated Positive emotions to broadened attention. Given the widely investigated relationship between self-focused attention and Mood, it is important to investigate the effect of Positive Mood on visuospatial attention for self-related information. We used a performance-based measure to assess fluctuations in attentional broadening from self-related contrasted to not-self-related information. In Experiment 1, we checked that the self-related versus not-self-related stimuli did not evoke differential attention effects in general. In Experiment 2, we manipulated Mood and found that an increase in Positive Mood was associated with a relative broadening of attention for self-related information. These results suggest that the meaning of the target of attention provides an interesting dimension for further investigation into the relation between Positive emotions and attentional broadening.
