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De Schryver Peter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Determination of poly‐β‐hydroxybutyrate assimilation by postlarval whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei using stable 13C isotope tracing
'Wiley', 2020Co-Authors: Ludevese‐pascual Gladys, Laranja, Joseph Leopoldo, Amar Edgar, Bossier Peter, Ahmed Farhana, De Troch Marleen, Bodé Samuel, Boeckx Pascal, De Schryver PeterAbstract:A preliminary study was conducted to demonstrate fate of the bacterial storage compound poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) once ingested and degraded in vivo in crustaceans. The 2% supplementation of C-13-labeled Ralstonia eutropha DSM545 containing 75% PHB on dry weight in postlarval whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei resulted in consistent enrichment of two fatty acids (containing 14-24 carbons [C] in length) pentadecanoic acid (15:0) and palmitic acid (16:0) in all lipid fractions. This could indicate that C-13 signal may not only originate from the PHB but partly from the structural components of the bacterial cell. There was a trend of lower C-13 enrichment in various lipid fractions of the Postlarvae as compared to the diet. These findings may have important implications as to potential of PHB as energy source rather than as building block. There was a rapid transfer of C-13 in the Postlarvae as seen by the significant C-13 enrichment in the tissues 4 hr after feeding with labeled bacterial cells. Overall, the assimilation of PHB in crustacean tissues is demonstrated for the first time. Our results indicate that PHB once ingested is rapidly assimilated in the tissues and could probably act as an energy source rather than as a building block
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Determination of poly‐beta‐hydroxybutyrate assimilation by postlarval whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei using stable 13C isotope tracing
'Wiley', 2020Co-Authors: Ludevese-pascual Gladys, Laranja, Joseph Leopoldo, Amar Edgar, Bossier Peter, Ahmed Farhana, De Troch Marleen, Bodé Samuel, Boeckx Pascal, De Schryver PeterAbstract:A preliminary study was conducted to demonstrate fate of the bacterial storage compound poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) once ingested and degraded in vivo in crustaceans. The 2% supplementation of 13C-labeled Ralstonia eutropha DSM545 containing 75% PHB on dry weight in postlarval whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei resulted in consistent enrichment of two fatty acids (containing 14–24 carbons [C] in length) pentadecanoic acid (15:0) and palmitic acid (16:0) in all lipid fractions. This could indicate that 13C signal may not only originate from the PHB but partly from the structural components of the bacterial cell. There was a trend of lower 13C enrichment in various lipid fractions of the Postlarvae as compared to the diet. These findings may have important implications as to potential of PHB as energy source rather than as building block. There was a rapid transfer of 13C in the Postlarvae as seen by the significant 13C enrichment in the tissues 4 hr after feeding with labeled bacterial cells. Overall, the assimilation of PHB in crustacean tissues is demonstrated for the first time. Our results indicate that PHB once ingested is rapidly assimilated in the tissues and could probably act as an energy source rather than as a building block
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Artificial substratum consisting of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-based biodegradable plastic improved the survival and overall performance of postlarval tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon
'Wiley', 2019Co-Authors: Ludevese-pascual Gladys, Laranja, Joseph Leopoldo, Amar Edgar, Bossier Peter, De Schryver PeterAbstract:The use of artificial substratum consisting of poly‐β‐hydroxybutyrate (PHB)‐based biodegradable plastic for penaeid shrimp culture was investigated in the present study. The survival of postlarval tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (30 ± 5 mg) provided with PHB substratum made out of PHB type DP9002 (Metabolix GmbH, Köln, Germany) was 88.7 ± 3.4% and this was significantly higher as compared to Postlarvae provided conventional substratum consisting of polyvinylchloride (PVC) pipes (67.3 ± 6.5%). However, no significant weight improvement was observed for the postlarval tiger shrimp indicating that PHB could not be used as growth promoter. Nevertheless, a trend of improved robustness against adverse environmental conditions (lethal ammonium chloride concentration) and increased resistance to pathogenic Vibrio was observed in postlarval tiger shrimp provided with PHB substratum as compared to Postlarvae provided with PVC substratum. Results indicate higher preference by Postlarvae on PHB substratum over PVC substratum. Overall, this study indicates the potential of artificial substratum consisting of PHB‐based biodegradable plastic as replacement for conventional substratum consisting of PVC pipes in enhancing the survival of postlarval tiger shrimp and improving its performance against adverse environmental conditions and disease resistance.This study was funded by the Flemish Interuniversity Council (VLIR)
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Artificial substratum consisting of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-based biodegradable plastic improved the survival and overall performance of postlarval tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon
'Wiley', 2019Co-Authors: Ludevese-pascual Gladys, Laranja, Joseph Leopoldo, Amar Edgar, Bossier Peter, De Schryver PeterAbstract:The use of artificial substratum consisting of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)-based biodegradable plastic for penaeid shrimp culture was investigated in the present study. The survival of postlarval tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (30 +/- 5 mg) provided with PHB substratum made out of PHB type DP9002 (Metabolix GmbH, Koln, Germany) was 88.7 +/- 3.4% and this was significantly higher as compared to Postlarvae provided conventional substratum consisting of polyvinylchloride (PVC) pipes (67.3 +/- 6.5%). However, no significant weight improvement was observed for the postlarval tiger shrimp indicating that PHB could not be used as growth promoter. Nevertheless, a trend of improved robustness against adverse environmental conditions (lethal ammonium chloride concentration) and increased resistance to pathogenic Vibrio was observed in postlarval tiger shrimp provided with PHB substratum as compared to Postlarvae provided with PVC substratum. Results indicate higher preference by Postlarvae on PHB substratum over PVC substratum. Overall, this study indicates the potential of artificial substratum consisting of PHB-based biodegradable plastic as replacement for conventional substratum consisting of PVC pipes in enhancing the survival of postlarval tiger shrimp and improving its performance against adverse environmental conditions and disease resistance
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Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate-enriched Artemia sp. for giant tiger prawn Penaeus monodon larviculture
'Wiley', 2017Co-Authors: Ludevese-pascual Gladys, Bossier Peter, Laranja, Joseph Leopoldo Q., Amar, Edgar C., Sorgeloos Patrick, De Schryver PeterAbstract:The beneficial effects of PHB as supplement for giant tiger prawn Penaeus monodon Postlarvae using a short-term enrichment strategy via Artemia were examined. The effects of co-supplementing with a lipid emulsion were also evaluated to determine whether it yielded an additional benefit. Results on the average weight and larval development were not significantly different among Postlarvae fed the different dietary treatments, indicating that PHB supplementation could not be used to stimulate growth in P. monodon Postlarvae while such positive results have been reported in other aquaculture species. Nonetheless, significantly higher survival was obtained in Postlarvae fed PHB-enriched Artemia irrespective of lipid enrichment. In addition, PHB increased the survival of the Postlarvae after exposure to a lethal dose of ammonia. Lipid supplementation nullified this effect. The cumulative mortality of Postlarvae subjected to a sublethal concentration of ammonia for 24 h and subsequent exposure to pathogenic Vibrio campbelli showed that PHB but not lipids could effectively enhance the resistance of the Postlarvae. Co-supplementing lipids even significantly decreased this outcome. Our study indicates that PHB supplementation increases the quality of larval P. monodon and their chance of surviving under adverse environmental conditions. The short-term co-supplementation with lipid emulsion did not add to these effects
Robin M. Overstreet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Baculovirus penaei on Growth and Survival of Experimentally Infected Postlarvae of the Pacific White Shrimp, Penaeus vannamei
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 1994Co-Authors: Kenneth C. Stuck, Robin M. OverstreetAbstract:Abstract In a series of experiments conducted to investigate age and size-dependent effects of the baculovirus BP on Postlarvae of the Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei , six groups of specific pathogen-free shrimp of different ages (mysis 2-3 through PL 25) were exposed to the virus and cultured for 15 to 21 days. All BP-exposed groups of early Postlarvae (PL 9 or younger) became heavily infected within 2-5 days of initial exposure to the virus, and some of those groups experienced high mortalities compared to the noninfected controls. Postlarvae that survived the infection had highly variable and significantly reduced growth, as determined by dry weight, compared to controls. Exposure of older Postlarvae to BP produced a high prevalence of infection, but with little effect on either survival or growth. One group of shrimp exposed to BP at PL 9 was cultured for 49 days. Postlarvae that survived the infection were significantly smaller than the noninfected controls for the first 4 weeks following exposure to the virus; however, the effect of BP on long-term growth of infected Postlarvae appeared minimal. To determine the effect of BP on nutritionally stressed shrimp, groups of noninfected and previously infected Postlarvae (PL 13-14) of similar size were deprived of food for 10 days. Less than 2% of the infected Postlarvae survived the 10-day starvation period compared to 52% survival of the noninfected Postlarvae.
H C Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative analysis of differentially expressed genes in normal and white spot syndrome virus infected penaeus monodon
BMC Genomics, 2007Co-Authors: Jiann Horng Leu, Chih Chin Chang, Chun Wei Hsu, Ikuo Hirono, Takashi Aoki, Hsuehfen Juan, Guang Hsiung Kou, H C HuangAbstract:White spot syndrome (WSS) is a viral disease that affects most of the commercially important shrimps and causes serious economic losses to the shrimp farming industry worldwide. However, little information is available in terms of the molecular mechanisms of the host-virus interaction. In this study, we used an expressed sequence tag (EST) approach to observe global gene expression changes in white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-infected Postlarvae of Penaeus monodon. Sequencing of the complementary DNA clones of two libraries constructed from normal and WSSV-infected Postlarvae produced a total of 15,981 high-quality ESTs. Of these ESTs, 46% were successfully matched against annotated genes in National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) non-redundant (nr) database and 44% were functionally classified using the Gene Ontology (GO) scheme. Comparative EST analyses suggested that, in postlarval shrimp, WSSV infection strongly modulates the gene expression patterns in several organs or tissues, including the hepatopancreas, muscle, eyestalk and cuticle. Our data suggest that several basic cellular metabolic processes are likely to be affected, including oxidative phosphorylation, protein synthesis, the glycolytic pathway, and calcium ion balance. A group of immune-related chitin-binding protein genes is also likely to be strongly up regulated after WSSV infection. A database containing all the sequence data and analysis results is accessible at http://xbio.lifescience.ntu.edu.tw/pm/ . This study suggests that WSSV infection modulates expression of various kinds of genes. The predicted gene expression pattern changes not only reflect the possible responses of shrimp to the virus infection but also suggest how WSSV subverts cellular functions for virus multiplication. In addition, the ESTs reported in this study provide a rich source for identification of novel genes in shrimp.
M J Butler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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temporal patterns and transport processes in recruitment of spiny lobster panulirus argus Postlarvae to south florida
Marine Biology, 1997Co-Authors: C A Acosta, T R Matthews, M J ButlerAbstract:We used time-series analysis to identify weekly and annual patterns in the supply of spiny lobster, Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804), Postlarvae to the Florida Keys, USA, over an 8 yr period. We also investigated the relationship between postlarval influx and wind forcing as a transport mechanism using the complex vector-scalar correlation analysis. Postlarval supply had a lunar phase periodicity at 4.5 wk intervals, with postlarval abundance peaking between the new moon and first-quarter lunar phases. A distinct annual cycle of postlarval supply with two peak periods was also apparent. Cross-correlation analysis between relative postlarval abundance and a 12 mo cycle showed that the annual peak occurs in spring, centered around March. With the 12 mo periodicity removed, a smaller peak at 5 mo intervals was also well defined. Wind-forcing for 7 d prior to the time of postlarval collection was marginally correlated with postlarval abundance through the entire time-series; the association was strongest during the late fall to early spring months. The analysis indicated that postlarval supply was correlated with winds from the northeast (ca. 45°), which are associated with winter atmospheric fronts. In contrast to results reported for other spiny lobster populations, these patterns suggest that recruitment of lobster Postlarvae to south Florida is predictable only at a gross level and is presumably affected by the temporally inconsistent structure of regional oceanic gyres and variability in the timing of lobster spawning in the Caribbean.
Mark J Butler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Modelling the effect of spatial variation in postlarval supply and habitat structure on recruitment of Caribbean spiny lobster
Marine and Freshwater Research, 2001Co-Authors: Mark J Butler, Thomas W. Dolan, William F. Herrnkind, John H. HuntAbstract:Many field studies have shown that recruitment of the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, is sensitive to variation in both postlarval supply and local nursery-habitat structure. We used a spatially explicit individual-based model, to investigate the effects of (i) spatio-temporal variation in postlarval supply and (ii) changes in the spatial structure of the nursery habitat on lobster recruitment to the Florida Keys, Florida (USA). By simulating eight different regional scenarios describing postlarval supply, we investigated whether differences in the spatio-temporal delivery of Postlarvae to the Florida Keys alters recruitment of subadult lobsters. Our results indicate that random geographical variation in postlarval supply yields the highest predicted recruitment, whereas persistently patchy settlement yields the lowest. Field observations of postlarval supply suggest that the random model is the most realistic. In separate simulations, we determined the sensitivity of the model to changes in the geographic arrangement of nursery habitat and the spatial resolution of habitat structure. The most spatially explicit depictions of habitat structure yielded small, but marginally significant differences in lobster recruitment as compared with more generalized spatial scenarios. These differences may well be magnified when more detailed depictions of postlarval settlement are implemented in the model.
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Adaptive strategies that reduce predation on Caribbean spiny lobster Postlarvae during onshore transport
Limnology and Oceanography, 1999Co-Authors: Charles A. Acosta, Mark J ButlerAbstract:Like many marine species with meroplanktonic larvae, the Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) has a postlarval stage that moves from the oceanic plankton to inshore nurseries only under specific environmental conditions (i.e., at night, in the surface water layer, on the flood tide, and during new moon), presumably to avoid predation or to enhance onshore transport. Using field and mesocosm experiments, we compared predation on planktonic Postlarvae swimming at night near the surface and bottom over coastal habitats along typical offshore‐inshore transport paths and determined whether predation rates differed between lunar periods (new moon vs. full moon) and with prey density (i.e., predator encounter rates). We also measured predation on transparent (newly settled) and pigmented (nearing metamorphosis) Postlarvae sheltering in coral reef, seagrass, and macroalgal habitats during the day. We measured predation on Postlarvae swimming near the surface and bottom along typical offshore‐inshore transport paths (i.e., coral reefs, coastal lagoon, and bay) by tethering Postlarvae to floats that drifted on the nightly flood tide during new moon. To test the hypothesis that new-moon transport of Postlarvae may have evolved as a means to avoid higher predation under the bright full moon, we repeated the pelagic tethering experiments at the reef and in the bay during full moon. Mortality was highest over coral reefs regardless of lunar phase, but it was lower nearshore, especially in the bay near the surface and during new moon. Predation on benthic, recently settled transparent Postlarvae and pigmented Postlarvae (nearing metamorphosis) was also higher when tethered on the reef as opposed to vegetated habitats in the lagoon and bay. In experimental mesocosms, planktivorous fish were equally efficient at consuming Postlarvae under new- and full-moon conditions when postlarval density was high, as it is in the constricted water column over the reefs. However, when Postlarvae were less dense, mortality was significantly lower during new moon. Collectively, these results indicate that several behavioral traits exhibited by postlarval spiny lobsters, including inshore migration during the darkest lunar phase, use of surface waters, and settlement in vegetated habitats, reduce their risk of predation, particularly in the shallow bay. No single behavioral strategy is universally advantageous across all coastal habitats, but combined, they are an effective means to reduce predation across heterogeneous environments that Postlarvae must transit during recruitment.
