The Experts below are selected from a list of 15414 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Karen M. Douglas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
cultural orientation power belief in conspiracy theories and intentions to reduce the spread of covid 19
British Journal of Social Psychology, 2020Co-Authors: Mikey Biddlestone, Ricky Green, Karen M. DouglasAbstract:The current study investigated cultural and psychological factors associated with intentions to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Participants (n = 704) completed measures of individualism-collectivism, belief in conspiracy theories about COVID-19, feelings of Powerlessness, and intentions to engage in behaviours that reduce the spread of COVID-19. Results revealed that vertical individualism negatively predicted intentions to engage in social distancing, directly and indirectly through both belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories and feelings of Powerlessness. Vertical collectivism positively predicted social distancing intentions directly. Horizontal collectivism positively predicted social distancing intentions indirectly through feelings of Powerlessness. Finally, horizontal collectivism positively predicted hygiene-related intentions both directly and indirectly through lower feelings of Powerlessness. These findings suggest that promoting collectivism may be a way to increase engagement with efforts to reduce the spread of COVID-19. They also highlight the importance of examining the interplay between culture and both personal feelings (Powerlessness) and information consumption (conspiracy theories) during times of crisis.
-
the social consequences of conspiracism exposure to conspiracy theories decreases intentions to engage in politics and to reduce one s carbon footprint
British Journal of Psychology, 2014Co-Authors: Daniel Jolley, Karen M. DouglasAbstract:The current studies explored the social consequences of exposure to conspiracy theories. In Study 1, participants were exposed to a range of conspiracy theories concerning government involvement in significant events such as the death of Diana, Princess of Wales. Results revealed that exposure to information supporting conspiracy theories reduced participants' intentions to engage in politics, relative to participants who were given information refuting conspiracy theories. This effect was mediated by feelings of political Powerlessness. In Study 2, participants were exposed to conspiracy theories concerning the issue of climate change. Results revealed that exposure to information supporting the conspiracy theories reduced participants' intentions to reduce their carbon footprint, relative to participants who were given refuting information, or those in a control condition. This effect was mediated by Powerlessness with respect to climate change, uncertainty, and disillusionment. Exposure to climate change conspiracy theories also influenced political intentions, an effect mediated by political Powerlessness. The current findings suggest that conspiracy theories may have potentially significant social consequences, and highlight the need for further research on the social psychology of conspiracism.
Susan G Sherman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and invariance assessment of the perceived Powerlessness scale among youth in baltimore
Journal of Health Psychology, 2020Co-Authors: Sahnah Lim, Terrinieka W Powell, Qian Li Xue, Vivian L Towe, Ralph B Taylor, Jonathan M Ellen, Susan G ShermanAbstract:Generalized perceived Powerlessness is an important psychosocial construct that determines a wide range of health behaviors and outcomes. This study has two aims: (1) examine the structure of the newly developed perceived Powerlessness scale using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and (2) assess the scale's invariance across key demographic variables using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis among a random household sample of African American and White youth (aged 15-24 years) residing in Baltimore, MD. Our study results demonstrated that the Powerlessness scale is valid among a demographically diverse sample of urban youth, showing promise for use in future health behavior and outcome studies.
-
the longitudinal association between perceived Powerlessness and sexual risk behaviors among urban youth mediating and moderating effects
Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 2019Co-Authors: Sahnah Lim, Terrinieka W Powell, Qian Li Xue, Vivian L Towe, Ralph B Taylor, Jonathan M Ellen, Susan G ShermanAbstract:A distal psychosocial factor, perceived Powerlessness, has been found to predict various sexual risk behaviors among youth, yet no studies have assessed mediators or moderators in this relationship. Using a demographically diverse, longitudinal sample of urban youth (N = 257), this study assessed whether the need for sexual validation mediates the relationship between perceived Powerlessness and sexual risk behaviors and to assess whether this mediated pathway is moderated by socioeconomic status and gender. The mean age of the participants was 21 years old (range: 15–24) and the majority of the sample identified as Black (65%) and female (62%). The results of structural equation modeling showed that the need for sexual validation mediated perceived Powerlessness and condomless sex at last sex among Black youth. The need for sexual validation mediated perceived Powerlessness and concurrent sexual partnerships among White youth and depended on levels of socioeconomic status. Sexual risk behavior interventions should provide youth with increased opportunities that encourage feelings of validation from other personal achievements in addition to sex while simultaneously addressing the structural conditions that drive young people to feel powerless.
Lydia Masako Ferreira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
feelings of Powerlessness in individuals with either venous or diabetic foot ulcers
Journal of Tissue Viability, 2014Co-Authors: Sergio Aguinaldo De Almeida, Geraldo Magela Salome, Rosimar Aparecida Alves Dutra, Lydia Masako FerreiraAbstract:Abstract Aim To assess feelings of Powerlessness in patients with either venous or diabetic foot ulcers. Methods This was an exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted from May 2010 to August 2012. Two hundred adult patients with either venous leg ulcers ( N =100) or diabetic foot ulcers ( N =100) were consecutively recruited from an outpatient wound care clinic of a university hospital in the city of Sao Paulo (Brazil). Eligibility criteria included patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes and foot ulcers, and those with venous leg ulcers and ankle-arm index between 0.8 and 1.0. Patients unable to respond to a questionnaire due to physical or cognitive deficit were excluded. Two instruments were used for data collection: a questionnaire assessing sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and the Powerlessness Assessment Tool (PAT) for adult patients. Results Most patients were women, aged 60–70 years, and smokers. Fifty-seven patients (57%) with diabetes had had foot ulcers for 3–6 years and 55 (55%) patients had had venous ulcers for 7–10 years. Wound odor and exudate were present in most ulcers. The total PAT score was significantly higher ( P =0.002) for patients with foot ulcers (mean, 57.10) than for patients with venous ulcers (mean, 55.12). The highest mean scores for patients with venous and diabetic foot ulcers were 58.09 and 58.10, respectively, on the "self-perception of decision-making capacity" domain. Conclusion Patients with venous and diabetic foot ulcers had very strong feelings of Powerlessness, but these feelings were significantly stronger in those with foot ulcerations.
-
feelings of Powerlessness in patients with diabetic foot ulcers
Wounds-a Compendium of Clinical Research and Practice, 2014Co-Authors: Maria Teresa De Jesus Pereira, Geraldo Magela Salome, Diego Guimaraes Openheimer, Vitoria Helena Cunha Esposito, Sergio Aguinaldo De Almeida, Lydia Masako FerreiraAbstract:UNLABELLED The purpose of this study was to assess feelings of Powerlessness in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Chronic wounds affect the emotional state of patients, who may experience negative emotions including a sense of loss and Powerlessness. The assessment of these feeling should contribute to the planning of interventions aimed at minimizing the impact of diabetic foot ulcers on the daily lives of these patients. METHODS Fifty patients ≥ 18 years of age with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and foot ulcers were selected from 2 outpatient wound-care clinics to participate in the study. Of these patients, 50% were 61-70 years old, 72% were women, 74% were smokers, 10% were alcoholics, 40% had a diabetic foot ulcer for 3-6 years, and 22% for 7-10 years. Wound odor and exudate were present in 82% of patients. Individuals who were unable to respond to a questionnaire due to physical or cognitive deficit were excluded. All participants responded to the Powerlessness Assessment Tool for adult patients (PAT), with scores ranging from 12-60, with higher scores corresponding to feelings of more intense Powerlessness. RESULTS Total PAT scores ranged from 31-40 for 5 (10%) patients, 51-60 for 28 (56%) patients and from 41-50 for 17 (34%) patients. All patients reported total and subscale PAT scores ≥ 34 (moderate to high scores), with a mean total score of 50.12. The maximum PAT score of 60 was reported on the "self-perception of decision-making capacity" domain. CONCLUSION These results indicate that patients with diabetic foot ulcers had strong feelings of Powerlessness.
-
feelings of Powerlessness in patients with venous leg ulcers
Journal of Wound Care, 2013Co-Authors: G M Salomse, Diego Guimaraes Openheimer, Sergio Aguinaldo De Almeida, Rosimar Aparecida Alves Dutra, M L G B Bueno, Lydia Masako FerreiraAbstract:Objective: To assess feelings of Powerlessness in patients with venous leg ulcers. Method: An exploratory, descriptive, analytic, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Plastic Surgery outpatient Clinic of the Sao Paulo Hospital (HSP) and at the outpatient Wound-Care Clinic of the Sorocaba Hospital Complex (CHS), brazil, from may 2010 to April 2012. Sixty patients with venous leg ulcers (VLUs), of both sexes, aged s≥18 years, from the two outpatient wound-care clinics were selected to participate in the study. All participants responded to the Powerlessness Assessment Tool (PAT) for adult patients. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test at a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results: Forty-four (73%) patients were women and 38 (63%) were aged 61–70 years. Eight (13%) patients were alcoholics and 46 (77%) were smokers. Thirty-two (53%) patients had a VLU for more than 10 years; the ulcer area ranged from 11–20 cm2 in 19 (32%) patients ...
-
feelings of Powerlessness and hope for cure in patients with chronic lower limb ulcers
Journal of Wound Care, 2013Co-Authors: Geraldo Magela Salome, S G Alves, V F Costa, V R Pereira, Lydia Masako FerreiraAbstract:Objective: To assess feelings of Powerlessness and hope for cure in patients with chronic venous leg ulcers (VLUs) and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Method: A clinical, analytical, descriptive study was conducted from April to September 2012 in a wound-care clinic in Brazil, on consecutive patients presenting with VLUS and DFUS. The Powerlessness Assessment Tool for Adult Patients (PAT) and the Herth Hope Index (HHI) were used. Total PAT scores range 12–60 and the higher the score, the stronger the feelings of Powerlessness. The HHI ranges 12–48, with higher scores indicating higher levels of hope Results: In total, 80 consecutive patients were recruited (40 VLU and 40 DFU). Mean PAT score was 53.3 ± 9.6 (range 21–60) for DFU patients and 34.3 ± 7.7 (range 21–60; p=0.001) for VLU patients, suggesting these individuals had strong feelings of Powerlessness. The mean HHI was 16.5 ± 16.5 (range 12–40) for DFU patients and 27.5 ± 27.5 (range 12–40; p=0.001) for patients with VLUs, indicating low levels of hope....
Sarah Brearley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Powerlessness or doing the right thing moral distress among nursing home staff caring for residents at the end of life an interpretive descriptive study
Palliative Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Amanda Young, Katherine Froggatt, Sarah BrearleyAbstract:Background: Caring for dying people can contribute to moral distress experienced by healthcare professionals. Moral distress can occur when this caring is restricted by organisational processes, resources or the provision of futile care. These factors apply to end of life care in nursing homes but research is lacking. Aim: To describe how nursing home staff experience moral distress when caring for residents during and at the end of life. Methods: An interpretive descriptive design, using the critical incident technique in semi-structured interviews to collect data from nursing home staff. Data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Setting: Four nursing homes in one large metropolitan area. Participants: A total of 16 staff: 2 nurse managers, 4 nurses and 10 care assistants. Findings: Participants described holding ‘good dying’ values which influenced their practice. The four practice-orientated themes of advocating, caring, communicating and relating with residents were found to influence interactions with residents, relatives, general practitioners, and colleagues. These led staff to be able to ‘do the right thing’ or to experience ‘Powerlessness’, which could in turn lead to staff perceiving a ‘bad death’ for residents. Conclusion: When there are incongruent values concerning care between staff and others involved in the care of residents, staff feel powerless to ‘do the right thing’ and unable to influence care decisions in order to avoid a ‘bad death’. This Powerlessness is the nature of their moral distress.
Sahnah Lim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and invariance assessment of the perceived Powerlessness scale among youth in baltimore
Journal of Health Psychology, 2020Co-Authors: Sahnah Lim, Terrinieka W Powell, Qian Li Xue, Vivian L Towe, Ralph B Taylor, Jonathan M Ellen, Susan G ShermanAbstract:Generalized perceived Powerlessness is an important psychosocial construct that determines a wide range of health behaviors and outcomes. This study has two aims: (1) examine the structure of the newly developed perceived Powerlessness scale using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and (2) assess the scale's invariance across key demographic variables using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis among a random household sample of African American and White youth (aged 15-24 years) residing in Baltimore, MD. Our study results demonstrated that the Powerlessness scale is valid among a demographically diverse sample of urban youth, showing promise for use in future health behavior and outcome studies.
-
the longitudinal association between perceived Powerlessness and sexual risk behaviors among urban youth mediating and moderating effects
Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 2019Co-Authors: Sahnah Lim, Terrinieka W Powell, Qian Li Xue, Vivian L Towe, Ralph B Taylor, Jonathan M Ellen, Susan G ShermanAbstract:A distal psychosocial factor, perceived Powerlessness, has been found to predict various sexual risk behaviors among youth, yet no studies have assessed mediators or moderators in this relationship. Using a demographically diverse, longitudinal sample of urban youth (N = 257), this study assessed whether the need for sexual validation mediates the relationship between perceived Powerlessness and sexual risk behaviors and to assess whether this mediated pathway is moderated by socioeconomic status and gender. The mean age of the participants was 21 years old (range: 15–24) and the majority of the sample identified as Black (65%) and female (62%). The results of structural equation modeling showed that the need for sexual validation mediated perceived Powerlessness and condomless sex at last sex among Black youth. The need for sexual validation mediated perceived Powerlessness and concurrent sexual partnerships among White youth and depended on levels of socioeconomic status. Sexual risk behavior interventions should provide youth with increased opportunities that encourage feelings of validation from other personal achievements in addition to sex while simultaneously addressing the structural conditions that drive young people to feel powerless.