The Experts below are selected from a list of 7824 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marc A Zimmerman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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depressive symptoms social support and violence exposure among Urban Youth a longitudinal study of resilience
Developmental Psychology, 2015Co-Authors: Andria B Eisman, Cleopatra Howard Caldwell, Sarah A Stoddard, Justin E Heinze, Marc A ZimmermanAbstract:Depression is a serious mental health concern among adolescents. Violence exposure is a potent risk factor for depression. Social support may help reduce depression risk, even when adolescents are exposed to violence. Using a compensatory model of resilience, we investigate the influence of violence exposure and social support on depression over time in a sample of Urban Youth during the high school years (N = 824, 52% female, mean age Year 1 = 14.9). We used growth curve modeling to examine depressive symptoms across adolescence and its association with violence exposure and social support, accounting for important sociodemographic characteristics (sex, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity). Depressive symptoms on average increase from Year 1 to 2 of high school and then are stable or decline from Years 2 to 4. Violence observation and conflict in the family were each associated with increased depressive symptoms during the high school years. Mother support was associated with decreased depressive symptoms over time. Our results support a compensatory model of resilience. Promoting positive parent-child communication among Urban Youth living in disadvantaged contexts may help reduce the probability that exposure to violence will result in depressive symptoms. (PsycINFO Database Record Language: en
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a daily calendar analysis of substance use and dating violence among high risk Urban Youth
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2013Co-Authors: Quyen Epsteinngo, Marc A Zimmerman, Rebecca M Cunningham, Lauren K Whiteside, Stephen T Chermack, Brenda M Booth, Maureen A WaltonAbstract:BACKGROUND: Dating violence (DV) among Youth is an important public health problem. This study examined reasons for physical DV and the association between substance use and Youth DV using daily calendar-based analyses among at-risk Urban Youth. METHODS: Patients (aged 14-24) presenting to an Urban Emergency Department (ED) for a violent injury and a proportionally selected comparison sample of non-violently injured Youth who screened positive for substance use in the past 6 months (n=599) were enrolled in this study. Multi-level, multinomial regressions were conducted using daily-level substance use data from Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) responses and physical DV data that were obtained by coding Time Line Follow Back - Aggression Module responses for the 30 days prior to visiting the ED. RESULTS: The two most commonly reported reasons for physical dating aggression and victimization, across sexes, were "jealousy/rumors" or "angry/bad mood." Multi-level multinomial regression models, adjusting for clustering within individual participants, showed that among females, cocaine use and sedative/opiate use were associated with severe dating victimization and alcohol use was associated with severe dating aggression. CONCLUSIONS: Use of TLFB data offers a unique opportunity to understand daily-level factors associated with specific incidents of DV in more detail. This study provides novel data regarding reasons for DV and the relationship between daily substance use and DV among Urban Youth, with alcohol, cocaine, and sedative/opiate use being associated with various types of DV. ED based DV interventions should be tailored to address Youths' reasons for DV as well as reducing their substance use. Language: en
Amenu Leta Duguma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Determinants of Urban Youth Unemployment: Evidence from Guder Town, Western Shoa Zone, Ethiopia
Research on humanities and social sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Amenu Leta DugumaAbstract:Unemployment is a global issue that challenging every nation. It represents the underutilization of human capital and it is very important issue that negatively affects the development of the country. The study aimed to identifying the determinants factors responsible for Urban Youth unemployment: The study adopted a cross sectional data of Urban Employment-Unemployment. The town was purposively selected from the town of west shoa zones. The primary data was collected from 91 sample respondents through interview questionnaire from Guder town proportionally. A descriptive and econometric analysis was employed to meet the main objective of the study. The descriptive analyses result revealed that about 61.5 % of the Youth are unemployed while 38.6 % are employed. Regression results from a binary logit model estimation show that sex, educational level, marital status, skill match and access to credit use of Youth are found to be the significant determinants to Urban Youth unemployment while family prosperity and market information were statistically insignificant to Urban Youth unemployment in the town. The econometric results suggested the need for the government go aboard on creating jobs through identify employment opportunities and industrialization and mechanization of agriculture. Keywords: Unemployment, Determinants, Binary logit model, Youth DOI : 10.7176/RHSS/9-17-07 Publication date :September 30 th 2019
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DETERMINANTS OF Urban Youth UNEMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF GUDER TOWN, WESTERN SHOA ZONE, ETHIOPIA
International Journal of Research, 2019Co-Authors: Amenu Leta Duguma, Fufa Tesfaye TolchaAbstract:Despite numerous interventions by government and development partners, Youth unemployment has remained an intractable challenge in Ethiopia. It creates many social- economic problems in the economy of the country. This study however aimed to identifying the determinants of Urban Youth unemployment. The study adopted a cross sectional data of Urban Youth employment-unemployment. The town was purposively selected from the town of west shoa zones. The primary data was collected from 91 sample respondents through interview questionnaire from Guder town proportionally. A descriptive and econometric analysis was employed to meet the main objective of the study. The descriptive analyses results revealed that about 61.5 % of the Youth are unemployed while 38.6 % are employed. Regression results from a binary logit model estimation show that sex, educational level, marital status, skill match and access to credit use of Youth are found to be the significant determinants to Urban Youth unemployment while family prosperity and market information were statistically insignificant to Urban Youth unemployment in the town. The econometric results suggested the need for the government go aboard on creating jobs through identify employment opportunities and industrialization of agriculture. It also recommended that the government should facilitate formalization of familiar employment which reduces the problem of Youth unemployment especially on skilled and educated Youth and all secondary schools should have active partnership with employers. As well as government made to increase the availability of initial working capital, the identification of profitable (market gap) business areas and provision of practical training for Urban Youths to be engaged at their own business.
Andria B Eisman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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depressive symptoms social support and violence exposure among Urban Youth a longitudinal study of resilience
Developmental Psychology, 2015Co-Authors: Andria B Eisman, Cleopatra Howard Caldwell, Sarah A Stoddard, Justin E Heinze, Marc A ZimmermanAbstract:Depression is a serious mental health concern among adolescents. Violence exposure is a potent risk factor for depression. Social support may help reduce depression risk, even when adolescents are exposed to violence. Using a compensatory model of resilience, we investigate the influence of violence exposure and social support on depression over time in a sample of Urban Youth during the high school years (N = 824, 52% female, mean age Year 1 = 14.9). We used growth curve modeling to examine depressive symptoms across adolescence and its association with violence exposure and social support, accounting for important sociodemographic characteristics (sex, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity). Depressive symptoms on average increase from Year 1 to 2 of high school and then are stable or decline from Years 2 to 4. Violence observation and conflict in the family were each associated with increased depressive symptoms during the high school years. Mother support was associated with decreased depressive symptoms over time. Our results support a compensatory model of resilience. Promoting positive parent-child communication among Urban Youth living in disadvantaged contexts may help reduce the probability that exposure to violence will result in depressive symptoms. (PsycINFO Database Record Language: en
Natalie Rusk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ICLS (3) - Media designs with scratch: what Urban Youth can learn about programming in a computer Clubhouse
2008Co-Authors: John M. Maloney, Kylie Peppler, Mitchel Resnick, Natalie Rusk, Yasmin B KafaiAbstract:We report on the programming learning experiences of Urban Youth ages 8-18 at a Computer Clubhouse located in South Central Los Angeles. Our analyses of the 536 Scratch projects, collected during a two-year period, documents the learning of key programming concepts in the absence of instructional interventions or experienced mentors. We discuss the motivations of Urban Youth who choose to program in Scratch and the implications for introducing programming at after school settings in underserved communities.
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programming by choice Urban Youth learning programming with scratch
Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2008Co-Authors: John H Maloney, Kylie Peppler, Yasmin B Kafai, Mitchel Resnick, Natalie RuskAbstract:This paper describes Scratch, a visual, block-based programming language designed to facilitate media manipulation for novice programmers. We report on the Scratch programming experiences of Urban Youth ages 8-18 at a Computer Clubhouse 'an after school center' over an 18-month period. Our analyses of 536 Scratch projects collected during this time documents the learning of key programming concepts even in the absence of instructional interventions or experienced mentors. We discuss the motivations of Urban Youth who choose to program in Scratch rather than using one of the many other software packages available to them and the implications for introducing programming at after school settings in underserved communities.
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SIGCSE - Programming by choice: Urban Youth learning programming with scratch
Proceedings of the 39th SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education - SIGCSE '08, 2008Co-Authors: John H Maloney, Kylie Peppler, Yasmin B Kafai, Mitchel Resnick, Natalie RuskAbstract:This paper describes Scratch, a visual, block-based programming language designed to facilitate media manipulation for novice programmers. We report on the Scratch programming experiences of Urban Youth ages 8-18 at a Computer Clubhouse 'an after school center' over an 18-month period. Our analyses of 536 Scratch projects collected during this time documents the learning of key programming concepts even in the absence of instructional interventions or experienced mentors. We discuss the motivations of Urban Youth who choose to program in Scratch rather than using one of the many other software packages available to them and the implications for introducing programming at after school settings in underserved communities.
Sireen Irsheid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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exposure to community violence and the trajectory of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in a sample of low income Urban Youth
Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 2018Co-Authors: Jeremy J Taylor, Kathryn E Grant, Courtney A Zulauf, Patrick J Fowler, David A Meyerson, Sireen IrsheidAbstract:This study examined trajectories of psychopathology in a sample of low-income Urban Youth and tested exposure to community violence as a predictor of these trajectories. Self-report and parent-report survey measures of psychological problems and exposure to community violence were collected annually over 3 years from a sample of 364 fifth- to ninth-grade low-income Urban Youth (64% female; 95% Youth of color). Linear growth models showed that Youth experienced declines in both internalizing and externalizing symptoms across adolescence. Exposure to community violence was more strongly associated with externalizing symptoms than with internalizing symptoms but predicted declines in both types of symptoms. Results also indicated that Youth reported more internalizing and externalizing symptoms than their parents reported for them. Exposure to community violence may explain unique trajectories of mental health problems among low-income Urban Youth. In addition, Youth efforts to adopt a tough facade in the fa...
