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Andrew Atherton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Preparing for business Start‐up: “Pre‐Start” activities in the new venture creation dynamic
    Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 2007
    Co-Authors: Andrew Atherton
    Abstract:

    Purpose – The purpose of this research is to examine the activities and behaviours of potential entrePreneurs as they move towards engagement in business Start‐up.Design/methodology/approach – Based on in‐depth engagement with seven founders of new businesses, and informed by a review of the relevant literature.Findings – A series of transitions towards business Start‐up are identified, which in turn produced a five‐step framework for examining and understanding the “Pre‐Start” phase of Preparation for entrePreneurship.Research limitations/implications – The case‐based approach provided detailed and contextualised insight into how a small group of founders Prepared for business Start‐up. There may be a need to test the framework with a larger group of business founders to assess its wider relevance and applicability.Practical implications – The Pre‐Start framework identifies how individuals progress towards Start‐up, and so could be used as the basis for a programme to encourage individuals to move throug...

  • Preparing for business Start up Pre Start activities in the new venture creation dynamic
    Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 2007
    Co-Authors: Andrew Atherton
    Abstract:

    Purpose – The purpose of this research is to examine the activities and behaviours of potential entrePreneurs as they move towards engagement in business Start‐up.Design/methodology/approach – Based on in‐depth engagement with seven founders of new businesses, and informed by a review of the relevant literature.Findings – A series of transitions towards business Start‐up are identified, which in turn produced a five‐step framework for examining and understanding the “Pre‐Start” phase of Preparation for entrePreneurship.Research limitations/implications – The case‐based approach provided detailed and contextualised insight into how a small group of founders Prepared for business Start‐up. There may be a need to test the framework with a larger group of business founders to assess its wider relevance and applicability.Practical implications – The Pre‐Start framework identifies how individuals progress towards Start‐up, and so could be used as the basis for a programme to encourage individuals to move throug...

Stefan Schuster - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Pre-Start timing information is used to set final linear speed in a C-Start manoeuvre
    Journal of Experimental Biology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Caroline P. Reinel, Stefan Schuster
    Abstract:

    In their unique hunting behaviour, archerfish use a complex motor decision to secure their Prey: based solely on how dislodged Prey initially falls, they select an adapted C-Start manoeuvre that turns the fish right towards the point on the water surface where their Prey will later land. Furthermore, they take off at a speed that is set so as to arrive in time. We show here that the C-Start manoeuvre and not subsequent tail beating is necessary and sufficient for setting this adaptive level of speed. Furthermore, the C-Start pattern is adjusted to independently determine both the turning angle and the take-off speed. The selection of both aspects requires no a priori information and is done based on information sampled from the onset of target motion until the C-Start is launched. Fin strokes can occur right after the C-Start manoeuvre but are not required to fine-tune take-off speed, but rather to maintain it. By probing the way in which the fish set their take-off speed in a wide range of conditions in which distance from the later catching point and time until impact varied widely and unPredictably, we found that the C-Start manoeuvre is programmed based on Pre-C-Start estimates of distance and time until impact. Our study hence provides the first evidence for a C-Start that is fine-tuned to produce an adaptive speed level.

Caroline P. Reinel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Pre-Start timing information is used to set final linear speed in a C-Start manoeuvre
    Journal of Experimental Biology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Caroline P. Reinel, Stefan Schuster
    Abstract:

    In their unique hunting behaviour, archerfish use a complex motor decision to secure their Prey: based solely on how dislodged Prey initially falls, they select an adapted C-Start manoeuvre that turns the fish right towards the point on the water surface where their Prey will later land. Furthermore, they take off at a speed that is set so as to arrive in time. We show here that the C-Start manoeuvre and not subsequent tail beating is necessary and sufficient for setting this adaptive level of speed. Furthermore, the C-Start pattern is adjusted to independently determine both the turning angle and the take-off speed. The selection of both aspects requires no a priori information and is done based on information sampled from the onset of target motion until the C-Start is launched. Fin strokes can occur right after the C-Start manoeuvre but are not required to fine-tune take-off speed, but rather to maintain it. By probing the way in which the fish set their take-off speed in a wide range of conditions in which distance from the later catching point and time until impact varied widely and unPredictably, we found that the C-Start manoeuvre is programmed based on Pre-C-Start estimates of distance and time until impact. Our study hence provides the first evidence for a C-Start that is fine-tuned to produce an adaptive speed level.

Paul Nurse - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • A Pre-Start CHECKPOINT PreVENTING MITOSIS IN FISSION YEAST ACTS INDEPENDENTLY OF P34CDC2 TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION
    The EMBO journal, 1995
    Co-Authors: J. Hayles, Paul Nurse
    Abstract:

    We have monitored the tyrosine (Y15) phosphorylated and dephosphorylated forms of p34cdc2 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe as cells proceed through the cell cycle. Y15 is dephosphorylated in G1 before Start and becomes phosphorylated only after cells pass Start and enter late G1. This transition is associated with a switch from one checkpoint which restrains mitosis in Pre-Start G1, by a mechanism independent from Y15 phosphorylation, to a second checkpoint acting post-Start during late G1 and S phase operating through Y15 phosphorylation. The Pre-Start checkpoint may act by Preventing formation of the p34cdc2/p56cdc13 complex. The complex between Y15-phosphorylated p34cdc2 and p56cdc13 accumulates during S phase and G2, but the level generated is not solely dependent on the amount of p34cdc2 and p56cdc13 Present in the cell. The extent of p56cdc13 breakdown at the end of mitosis may be determined by the amount complexed with p34cdc2. We have also shown that an insoluble form of p34cdc2 is associated with the progression of the cell through late G1 into S phase.

  • Checkpoints in the cell cycle of fission yeast.
    Current opinion in genetics & development, 1995
    Co-Authors: Gennaro D'urso, Paul Nurse
    Abstract:

    Abstract When cell cycle progression in fission yeast is disrupted, checkpoint controls ensure that the normal sequence of cell cycle events is maintained. Activation of a checkpoint relies on monitoring signals that might involve assembly of macromolecular structures essential for specific cell cycle processes. The past year has seen further elucidation of two new checkpoints operating during the cell cycle of Schizosaccharomyces pombe . One involves the product of the ruml gene and Prevents cells from entering mitosis from the Pre-Start G 1 interval. The second checkpoint operates during the later stages of the cell cycle and is essential for coupling the events of mitosis and cell division.

  • REGULATION OF THE CELL CYCLE TIMING OF Start IN FISSION YEAST BY THE RUM1+GENE
    Journal of Cell Science, 1994
    Co-Authors: Sergio Moreno, K Labib, J Correa, Paul Nurse
    Abstract:

    SUMMARY We have identified the rum1+ gene as a new regulator of the G1-phase of the fission yeast cell cycle. rum1+ determines the cell cycle timing of Start, by maintaining cells in a Pre-Start state until they have attained a minimal critical mass. Cells lacking rum1+ are unable to arrest in Pre-Start G1 in response to nitrogen starvation and are subsequently sterile. In addition, rum1+ Prevents entry into mitosis from Pre-Start G1, as shown by the fact that cdc10 mutants in the absence of rum1+ undergo lethal mitosis without entering S-phase.

Westone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.