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Trace Kershaw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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psychological and relational correlates of intimate partner violence profiles among Pregnant Adolescent couples
Aggressive Behavior, 2017Co-Authors: Jessica B Lewis, Tamora A Callands, Anna Divney, Urania Magriples, Tami P Sullivan, Meghan Angley, Derrick M Gordon, Trace KershawAbstract:We sought to identify relationship and individual psychological factors that related to four profiles of intimate partner violence (IPV) among Pregnant Adolescent couples: no IPV, male IPV victim only, female IPV victim only, mutual IPV, and how associations differ by sex. Using data from a longitudinal study of Pregnant Adolescents and partners (n = 291 couples), we used a multivariate profile analysis using multivariate analysis of covariance with between and within-subjects effects to compare IPV groups and sex on relationship and psychological factors. Analyses were conducted at the couple level, with IPV groups as a between-subjects couple level variable and sex as a within-subjects variable that allowed us to model and compare the outcomes of both partners while controlling for the correlated nature of the data. Analyses controlled for age, race, income, relationship duration, and gestational age. Among couples, 64% had no IPV; 23% male IPV victim only; 7% mutual IPV; 5% female IPV victim only. Relationship (F = 3.61, P © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Language: en
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love hurts romantic attachment and depressive symptoms in Pregnant Adolescent and young adult couples
Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2014Co-Authors: Alethea Desrosiers, Heather Sipsma, Tamora A Callands, Nathan B Hansen, Anna Divney, Urania Magriples, Trace KershawAbstract:Objective The current study investigates the relationship between romantic attachment style and depressive symptoms between both members of Pregnant Adolescent and young adult couples.
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what s love got to do with it relationship functioning and mental and physical quality of life among Pregnant Adolescent couples
American Journal of Community Psychology, 2013Co-Authors: Trace Kershaw, Anna Divney, Urania Magriples, Alexandrea Danielle Murphy, Linda M Niccolai, Derrick M GordonAbstract:The study objective was to describe relationship adjustment and its association with mental and physical quality of life for young couples expecting a baby. 296 young Pregnant couples recruited from urban obstetric clinics reported on relationship strengths (e.g., equity, romantic love, and attractiveness), relationship risks (e.g., attachment, intimate partner violence), external family support, relationship adjustment, and mental and physical quality of life. Using the Actor Partner Interdependence Model we assessed both actor and partner effects of relationship variables on relationship adjustment and quality of life. Sixty-one percent of couples had at least one member with moderate or severe relationship distress. Lower attachment avoidance, lower attachment anxiety, higher relationship equity, lack of intimate partner violence, feelings of love, perceived partner attractiveness, and family support of the relationship related to better relationship adjustment. Associations were fairly consistent across gender. Better relationship adjustment related to more positive mental and physical quality of life for both young women and men. Our results highlight the potential importance of strong relationships on the well-being of expecting parents. Our results suggest that secure attachments, equitable relationships, feelings of love, and a lack of violence may be particularly important in having strong relationships and improved mental and physical health during pregnancy.
Jennifer A Downs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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barriers to access reproductive health care for Pregnant Adolescent girls a qualitative study in tanzania
Acta Paediatrica, 2015Co-Authors: Adolfine Hokororo, Albert Kihunrwa, Samuel E Kalluvya, John Changalucha, Daniel W Fitzgerald, Jennifer A DownsAbstract:AIMS: In Tanzania approximately 25% of Adolescents give birth and 50% more become sexually active during adolescence. We hypothesised that reproductive health education and services for Adolescent girls are inaccessible and conducted this study to gain insights into their perceptions of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and barriers to reproductive health service utilisation in rural Mwanza Tanzania. METHODS: We conducted nine focus groups among Pregnant Adolescents aged 15-20 years. Data were transcribed translated and coded for relevant themes using NVivo10 software for qualitative data analysis. RESULTS: Most participants were aware of the dangers of STIs to themselves and their unborn babies but did not perceive themselves as at risk of acquiring STIs. They viewed condoms as ineffective for preventing STIs and pregnancies and unnecessary for those in committed relationships. Stigma long waiting times and lack of privacy in the clinics discouraged Adolescent girls from seeking reproductive health care. CONCLUSION: Reproductive health care for Adolescent girls who are not Pregnant is practically nonexistent in Tanzania. Healthcare access for Pregnant young women is also limited. Targeted changes to increase clinic accessibility and to provide reproductive health education to all rather than only Pregnant women have the potential to address these gaps.
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high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in Pregnant Adolescent girls in tanzania a multi community cross sectional study
Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2015Co-Authors: Adolfine Hokororo, Albert Kihunrwa, Pytsje Hoekstra, Samuel E Kalluvya, John Changalucha, Daniel W Fitzgerald, Jennifer A DownsAbstract:Background Limited data document sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among Pregnant Adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa, where prenatal screening typically includes only HIV and syphilis. Given that HIV incidence in this population is among the world9s highest, we sought to assess the prevalence and factors associated with STIs in a population of rural Pregnant Adolescents in Tanzania. Methods We enrolled 403 Pregnant Adolescent girls from 10 antenatal clinics near Mwanza, Tanzania. Girls answered structured interviews about sexual health and risk factors and were tested for six common STIs. Results 199 girls (49.4%) had at least one STI. Herpes Simplex Virus- Type 2 was most prevalent (139 girls, 34.5%), followed by trichomoniasis (54 girls, 13.4%), chlamydia (46 girls, 11.4%), gonorrhoea (27 girls, 6.7%), syphilis (21 girls, 5.2%) and HIV (30 girls, 4.7%). Of note, 53/199 (26.6%) of girls with laboratory-proven STIs were asymptomatic. On multivariable analysis, the presence of any STI was associated with being in a long-term (as opposed to short-term) relationship (OR=2.6 (1.4 to 4.9) p=0.004), younger age at first sexual debut (OR=0.9 per year (0.8 to 0.99), p=0.034), increasing age difference between the girl and her partner (OR=1.1 (1.0 to 1.1) per year, p=0.03) and history of prior pregnancy (OR=1.6 (1.0 to 2.6), p=0.04). Conclusions STIs affected half of rural Pregnant Adolescents in Tanzania. Our work demonstrates the urgent need to incorporate routine STI testing into antenatal care in Tanzania to prevent morbidity and mortality in young girls and their babies. We also identify behavioural and demographic risk factors that can be used to target interventions to those at highest risk.
Vivian Welch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Deworming in non-Pregnant Adolescent girls and adult women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Systematic Reviews, 2018Co-Authors: Elizabeth Tanjong Ghogomu, Shalini Suresh, Pura Rayco-solon, Alomgir Hossain, Jessie Mcgowan, Juan Pablo Peña-rosas, Vivian WelchAbstract:Background The impact of deworming on parasite load, nutritional status and other health outcomes of non-Pregnant Adolescent girls and adult women is uncertain. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Food and Technology Abstracts databases were searched until 24 September 2018. Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before and after studies or interrupted time studies comparing deworming with no intervention or placebo in non-Pregnant Adolescent girls and women 10 to 49 years old. Outcomes of interest included parasite load, reinfection, anaemia, severe anaemia, iron deficiency, diarrhoea or all-cause morbidity. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results We included four RCTs of mass deworming involving 1086 participants, in the analyses. Mass deworming probably reduces the prevalence of roundworm infection (RR 0.29; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.62; 2 trials; 1498 participants, moderate certainty evidence), prevalence of hookworm infection (RR 0.32; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.59; 2 trials; 1498 participants, moderate certainty evidence), prevalence of whipworm infection (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.91; 2 trials; 1498 participants, moderate certainty evidence) compared to the control group. Deworming may make little or no difference in prevalence of anaemia (RR 0.82; 95% CI 0.60 to 1.11, 3 studies, 683 participants, low certainty evidence) and prevalence of iron-deficiency (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.64 to 1.23, 1 study, 186 participants, low certainty evidence) compared to control. We are uncertain whether deworming reduces the prevalence of severe anaemia compared to control as the certainty of evidence was very low. None of the included studies assessed screen and treat deworming or reported reinfection, diarrhoea or adverse events. Conclusions Mass deworming probably reduces the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections but may have little or no effect on anaemia and iron-deficiency in Adolescent girls and non-Pregnant women in comparison to no intervention or placebo. We are uncertain about the effect on severe anaemia. These results are limited by sparse data and the moderate to very low quality of evidence available. Systematic review registration The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42016039557 ). Primary source of funding: Evidence and Programme Guidance unit, Department of Nutrition for Health and Development, World Health Organization (WHO).
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deworming in non Pregnant Adolescent girls and adult women a systematic review and meta analysis
Systematic Reviews, 2018Co-Authors: Elizabeth Tanjong Ghogomu, Shalini Suresh, Alomgir Hossain, Jessie Mcgowan, Pura Raycosolon, Juan Pablo Penarosas, Vivian WelchAbstract:The impact of deworming on parasite load, nutritional status and other health outcomes of non-Pregnant Adolescent girls and adult women is uncertain. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Food and Technology Abstracts databases were searched until 24 September 2018. Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before and after studies or interrupted time studies comparing deworming with no intervention or placebo in non-Pregnant Adolescent girls and women 10 to 49 years old. Outcomes of interest included parasite load, reinfection, anaemia, severe anaemia, iron deficiency, diarrhoea or all-cause morbidity. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. We included four RCTs of mass deworming involving 1086 participants, in the analyses. Mass deworming probably reduces the prevalence of roundworm infection (RR 0.29; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.62; 2 trials; 1498 participants, moderate certainty evidence), prevalence of hookworm infection (RR 0.32; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.59; 2 trials; 1498 participants, moderate certainty evidence), prevalence of whipworm infection (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.91; 2 trials; 1498 participants, moderate certainty evidence) compared to the control group. Deworming may make little or no difference in prevalence of anaemia (RR 0.82; 95% CI 0.60 to 1.11, 3 studies, 683 participants, low certainty evidence) and prevalence of iron-deficiency (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.64 to 1.23, 1 study, 186 participants, low certainty evidence) compared to control. We are uncertain whether deworming reduces the prevalence of severe anaemia compared to control as the certainty of evidence was very low. None of the included studies assessed screen and treat deworming or reported reinfection, diarrhoea or adverse events. Mass deworming probably reduces the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections but may have little or no effect on anaemia and iron-deficiency in Adolescent girls and non-Pregnant women in comparison to no intervention or placebo. We are uncertain about the effect on severe anaemia. These results are limited by sparse data and the moderate to very low quality of evidence available. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42016039557 ). Primary source of funding: Evidence and Programme Guidance unit, Department of Nutrition for Health and Development, World Health Organization (WHO).
Adolfine Hokororo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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barriers to access reproductive health care for Pregnant Adolescent girls a qualitative study in tanzania
Acta Paediatrica, 2015Co-Authors: Adolfine Hokororo, Albert Kihunrwa, Samuel E Kalluvya, John Changalucha, Daniel W Fitzgerald, Jennifer A DownsAbstract:AIMS: In Tanzania approximately 25% of Adolescents give birth and 50% more become sexually active during adolescence. We hypothesised that reproductive health education and services for Adolescent girls are inaccessible and conducted this study to gain insights into their perceptions of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and barriers to reproductive health service utilisation in rural Mwanza Tanzania. METHODS: We conducted nine focus groups among Pregnant Adolescents aged 15-20 years. Data were transcribed translated and coded for relevant themes using NVivo10 software for qualitative data analysis. RESULTS: Most participants were aware of the dangers of STIs to themselves and their unborn babies but did not perceive themselves as at risk of acquiring STIs. They viewed condoms as ineffective for preventing STIs and pregnancies and unnecessary for those in committed relationships. Stigma long waiting times and lack of privacy in the clinics discouraged Adolescent girls from seeking reproductive health care. CONCLUSION: Reproductive health care for Adolescent girls who are not Pregnant is practically nonexistent in Tanzania. Healthcare access for Pregnant young women is also limited. Targeted changes to increase clinic accessibility and to provide reproductive health education to all rather than only Pregnant women have the potential to address these gaps.
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high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in Pregnant Adolescent girls in tanzania a multi community cross sectional study
Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2015Co-Authors: Adolfine Hokororo, Albert Kihunrwa, Pytsje Hoekstra, Samuel E Kalluvya, John Changalucha, Daniel W Fitzgerald, Jennifer A DownsAbstract:Background Limited data document sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among Pregnant Adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa, where prenatal screening typically includes only HIV and syphilis. Given that HIV incidence in this population is among the world9s highest, we sought to assess the prevalence and factors associated with STIs in a population of rural Pregnant Adolescents in Tanzania. Methods We enrolled 403 Pregnant Adolescent girls from 10 antenatal clinics near Mwanza, Tanzania. Girls answered structured interviews about sexual health and risk factors and were tested for six common STIs. Results 199 girls (49.4%) had at least one STI. Herpes Simplex Virus- Type 2 was most prevalent (139 girls, 34.5%), followed by trichomoniasis (54 girls, 13.4%), chlamydia (46 girls, 11.4%), gonorrhoea (27 girls, 6.7%), syphilis (21 girls, 5.2%) and HIV (30 girls, 4.7%). Of note, 53/199 (26.6%) of girls with laboratory-proven STIs were asymptomatic. On multivariable analysis, the presence of any STI was associated with being in a long-term (as opposed to short-term) relationship (OR=2.6 (1.4 to 4.9) p=0.004), younger age at first sexual debut (OR=0.9 per year (0.8 to 0.99), p=0.034), increasing age difference between the girl and her partner (OR=1.1 (1.0 to 1.1) per year, p=0.03) and history of prior pregnancy (OR=1.6 (1.0 to 2.6), p=0.04). Conclusions STIs affected half of rural Pregnant Adolescents in Tanzania. Our work demonstrates the urgent need to incorporate routine STI testing into antenatal care in Tanzania to prevent morbidity and mortality in young girls and their babies. We also identify behavioural and demographic risk factors that can be used to target interventions to those at highest risk.
Anna Divney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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psychological and relational correlates of intimate partner violence profiles among Pregnant Adolescent couples
Aggressive Behavior, 2017Co-Authors: Jessica B Lewis, Tamora A Callands, Anna Divney, Urania Magriples, Tami P Sullivan, Meghan Angley, Derrick M Gordon, Trace KershawAbstract:We sought to identify relationship and individual psychological factors that related to four profiles of intimate partner violence (IPV) among Pregnant Adolescent couples: no IPV, male IPV victim only, female IPV victim only, mutual IPV, and how associations differ by sex. Using data from a longitudinal study of Pregnant Adolescents and partners (n = 291 couples), we used a multivariate profile analysis using multivariate analysis of covariance with between and within-subjects effects to compare IPV groups and sex on relationship and psychological factors. Analyses were conducted at the couple level, with IPV groups as a between-subjects couple level variable and sex as a within-subjects variable that allowed us to model and compare the outcomes of both partners while controlling for the correlated nature of the data. Analyses controlled for age, race, income, relationship duration, and gestational age. Among couples, 64% had no IPV; 23% male IPV victim only; 7% mutual IPV; 5% female IPV victim only. Relationship (F = 3.61, P © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Language: en
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love hurts romantic attachment and depressive symptoms in Pregnant Adolescent and young adult couples
Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2014Co-Authors: Alethea Desrosiers, Heather Sipsma, Tamora A Callands, Nathan B Hansen, Anna Divney, Urania Magriples, Trace KershawAbstract:Objective The current study investigates the relationship between romantic attachment style and depressive symptoms between both members of Pregnant Adolescent and young adult couples.
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what s love got to do with it relationship functioning and mental and physical quality of life among Pregnant Adolescent couples
American Journal of Community Psychology, 2013Co-Authors: Trace Kershaw, Anna Divney, Urania Magriples, Alexandrea Danielle Murphy, Linda M Niccolai, Derrick M GordonAbstract:The study objective was to describe relationship adjustment and its association with mental and physical quality of life for young couples expecting a baby. 296 young Pregnant couples recruited from urban obstetric clinics reported on relationship strengths (e.g., equity, romantic love, and attractiveness), relationship risks (e.g., attachment, intimate partner violence), external family support, relationship adjustment, and mental and physical quality of life. Using the Actor Partner Interdependence Model we assessed both actor and partner effects of relationship variables on relationship adjustment and quality of life. Sixty-one percent of couples had at least one member with moderate or severe relationship distress. Lower attachment avoidance, lower attachment anxiety, higher relationship equity, lack of intimate partner violence, feelings of love, perceived partner attractiveness, and family support of the relationship related to better relationship adjustment. Associations were fairly consistent across gender. Better relationship adjustment related to more positive mental and physical quality of life for both young women and men. Our results highlight the potential importance of strong relationships on the well-being of expecting parents. Our results suggest that secure attachments, equitable relationships, feelings of love, and a lack of violence may be particularly important in having strong relationships and improved mental and physical health during pregnancy.