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Nathalie Chiaramonti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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quantification of volatile organic compounds in smoke from Prescribed Burning and comparison with occupational exposure limits
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Elodie Romagnoli, Toussaint Barboni, Paulantoine Santoni, Nathalie ChiaramontiAbstract:Abstract. Prescribed Burning represents a serious threat to personnel fighting fires due to smoke inhalation. The aim of this study was to investigate exposure by foresters to smoke from Prescribed Burning, focusing on exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The methodology for smoke sampling was first evaluated. Potentially dangerous compounds were identified among the VOCs emitted by smoke fires at four Prescribed Burning plots located around Corsica. The measured mass concentrations for several toxic VOCs were generally higher than those measured in previous studies due to the experimental framework (short sampling distance between the foresters and the flame, low combustion, wet vegetation). In particular, benzene, phenol and furfural exceeded the legal short-term exposure limits published in Europe and/or the United States. Other VOCs such as toluene, ethybenzene or styrene remained below the exposure limits. In conclusion, clear and necessary recommendations were made for protection of personnel involved in fighting fires.
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Identification of flavonoids in Pinus Laricio needles and changes occurring after Prescribed Burning
Chemoecology, 2011Co-Authors: Magali Cannac, Lila Ferrat, Toussaint Barboni, Frédéric Morandini, Nathalie Chiaramonti, Vanina PasqualiniAbstract:Prescribed Burning is increasingly being used as a fire prevention tool in forest management; however, it can cause thermal stress to trees. Its effects on pine physiology have been poorly understood. Flavonoids are highly indicative of plants’ responses to environmental stress, and in this study, we used flavonoid concentrations in pine needles to assess fire impact on a Corsican Pinus laricio Poir. forest up to 4 years after Prescribed Burning. This is the first study that highlighted the presence of flavonols in P . laricio and indicated kaempferol to be the major compound. The total flavonol content increased by 60% 3 months after 1 or 2 Prescribed low-intensity Burnings and returned to the pre-Burning level after 1 year. This suggests that thermal stress events caused defensive production of flavonoids. Prescribed Burnings performed at 3-year intervals did not appear to alter flavonoid levels. In the light of these findings, forest managers may consider the use of Prescribed Burning at 3-year intervals as a means to reduce fuel loads, while minimizing the impact on P. laricio .
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Identification of flavonoids in PinusLaricio needles and changes occurring after Prescribed Burning
Chemoecology, 2010Co-Authors: Magali Cannac, Lila Ferrat, Toussaint Barboni, Frédéric Morandini, Nathalie Chiaramonti, Vanina PasqualiniAbstract:Prescribed Burning is increasingly being used as a fire prevention tool in forest management; however, it can cause thermal stress to trees. Its effects on pine physiology have been poorly understood. Flavonoids are highly indicative of plants’ responses to environmental stress, and in this study, we used flavonoid concentrations in pine needles to assess fire impact on a Corsican Pinuslaricio Poir. forest up to 4 years after Prescribed Burning. This is the first study that highlighted the presence of flavonols in P. laricio and indicated kaempferol to be the major compound. The total flavonol content increased by 60% 3 months after 1 or 2 Prescribed low-intensity Burnings and returned to the pre-Burning level after 1 year. This suggests that thermal stress events caused defensive production of flavonoids. Prescribed Burnings performed at 3-year intervals did not appear to alter flavonoid levels. In the light of these findings, forest managers may consider the use of Prescribed Burning at 3-year intervals as a means to reduce fuel loads, while minimizing the impact on P.laricio.
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volatile and semi volatile organic compounds in smoke exposure of firefighters during Prescribed Burning in the mediterranean region
International Journal of Wildland Fire, 2010Co-Authors: Toussaint Barboni, Vanina Pasqualini, Magali Cannac, Albert Simeoni, Eric Leoni, Nathalie ChiaramontiAbstract:Prescribed fires can be used as a forest management tool to reduce the severity of wildfires. Thus, over prolonged and repeated periods, firefighters are exposed to toxic air contaminants. This work consisted in collecting and analysing smoke released by typical Mediterranean vegetation during Prescribed Burning. Sampling was performed at five active zones on the island of Corsica. Seventy‐nine compounds were identified: volatile organic compounds and semi‐volatile organic compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Depending on exposure levels, the toxins present in smoke may cause short‐term or long‐term damage to firefighters’ health. The dangerous compounds emitted, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes, were quantified. Their concentrations varied as a function of the study site. These variations were due to the intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics of the fire site (e.g. plant species, fire intensity and wind). Our results show that benzene concentration is high during Prescribed Burning, close to the exposure limit value or short‐term exposure limit. Benzene can be considered as a toxicity tracer for Prescribed Burning because its concentration was above the exposure limit value at all the study sites. The authors suggest that respirators should be used to protect staff during Prescribed Burning operations.
Toussaint Barboni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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quantification of volatile organic compounds in smoke from Prescribed Burning and comparison with occupational exposure limits
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Elodie Romagnoli, Toussaint Barboni, Paulantoine Santoni, Nathalie ChiaramontiAbstract:Abstract. Prescribed Burning represents a serious threat to personnel fighting fires due to smoke inhalation. The aim of this study was to investigate exposure by foresters to smoke from Prescribed Burning, focusing on exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The methodology for smoke sampling was first evaluated. Potentially dangerous compounds were identified among the VOCs emitted by smoke fires at four Prescribed Burning plots located around Corsica. The measured mass concentrations for several toxic VOCs were generally higher than those measured in previous studies due to the experimental framework (short sampling distance between the foresters and the flame, low combustion, wet vegetation). In particular, benzene, phenol and furfural exceeded the legal short-term exposure limits published in Europe and/or the United States. Other VOCs such as toluene, ethybenzene or styrene remained below the exposure limits. In conclusion, clear and necessary recommendations were made for protection of personnel involved in fighting fires.
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Identification of flavonoids in Pinus Laricio needles and changes occurring after Prescribed Burning
Chemoecology, 2011Co-Authors: Magali Cannac, Lila Ferrat, Toussaint Barboni, Frédéric Morandini, Nathalie Chiaramonti, Vanina PasqualiniAbstract:Prescribed Burning is increasingly being used as a fire prevention tool in forest management; however, it can cause thermal stress to trees. Its effects on pine physiology have been poorly understood. Flavonoids are highly indicative of plants’ responses to environmental stress, and in this study, we used flavonoid concentrations in pine needles to assess fire impact on a Corsican Pinus laricio Poir. forest up to 4 years after Prescribed Burning. This is the first study that highlighted the presence of flavonols in P . laricio and indicated kaempferol to be the major compound. The total flavonol content increased by 60% 3 months after 1 or 2 Prescribed low-intensity Burnings and returned to the pre-Burning level after 1 year. This suggests that thermal stress events caused defensive production of flavonoids. Prescribed Burnings performed at 3-year intervals did not appear to alter flavonoid levels. In the light of these findings, forest managers may consider the use of Prescribed Burning at 3-year intervals as a means to reduce fuel loads, while minimizing the impact on P. laricio .
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Identification of flavonoids in PinusLaricio needles and changes occurring after Prescribed Burning
Chemoecology, 2010Co-Authors: Magali Cannac, Lila Ferrat, Toussaint Barboni, Frédéric Morandini, Nathalie Chiaramonti, Vanina PasqualiniAbstract:Prescribed Burning is increasingly being used as a fire prevention tool in forest management; however, it can cause thermal stress to trees. Its effects on pine physiology have been poorly understood. Flavonoids are highly indicative of plants’ responses to environmental stress, and in this study, we used flavonoid concentrations in pine needles to assess fire impact on a Corsican Pinuslaricio Poir. forest up to 4 years after Prescribed Burning. This is the first study that highlighted the presence of flavonols in P. laricio and indicated kaempferol to be the major compound. The total flavonol content increased by 60% 3 months after 1 or 2 Prescribed low-intensity Burnings and returned to the pre-Burning level after 1 year. This suggests that thermal stress events caused defensive production of flavonoids. Prescribed Burnings performed at 3-year intervals did not appear to alter flavonoid levels. In the light of these findings, forest managers may consider the use of Prescribed Burning at 3-year intervals as a means to reduce fuel loads, while minimizing the impact on P.laricio.
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volatile and semi volatile organic compounds in smoke exposure of firefighters during Prescribed Burning in the mediterranean region
International Journal of Wildland Fire, 2010Co-Authors: Toussaint Barboni, Vanina Pasqualini, Magali Cannac, Albert Simeoni, Eric Leoni, Nathalie ChiaramontiAbstract:Prescribed fires can be used as a forest management tool to reduce the severity of wildfires. Thus, over prolonged and repeated periods, firefighters are exposed to toxic air contaminants. This work consisted in collecting and analysing smoke released by typical Mediterranean vegetation during Prescribed Burning. Sampling was performed at five active zones on the island of Corsica. Seventy‐nine compounds were identified: volatile organic compounds and semi‐volatile organic compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Depending on exposure levels, the toxins present in smoke may cause short‐term or long‐term damage to firefighters’ health. The dangerous compounds emitted, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes, were quantified. Their concentrations varied as a function of the study site. These variations were due to the intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics of the fire site (e.g. plant species, fire intensity and wind). Our results show that benzene concentration is high during Prescribed Burning, close to the exposure limit value or short‐term exposure limit. Benzene can be considered as a toxicity tracer for Prescribed Burning because its concentration was above the exposure limit value at all the study sites. The authors suggest that respirators should be used to protect staff during Prescribed Burning operations.
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Phenolic compounds of Pinus laricio needles: a bioindicator of the effects of Prescribed Burning in function of season.
The Science of the total environment, 2009Co-Authors: Magali Cannac, Vanina Pasqualini, Toussaint Barboni, Frédéric Morandini, Lila FerratAbstract:Fire is a dominant ecological factor in Mediterranean-type ecosystems. Forest management includes many preventive tools, in particular for fire prevention, such as mechanical treatments and Prescribed Burning. Prescribed Burning is a commonly used method for treating fuel loads, but fuel reduction targets for reducing wildfire hazards must be balanced against fuel retention targets in order to maintain habitat and other forest functions. This approach was used on Pinus nigra ssp laricio var. Corsicana, a pine endemic to Corsica of great ecological and economic importance. Many studies of plant phenolic compounds have been carried out concerning responses to various stresses. The aim of this study was to understand i) the effects of Prescribed Burning 1 to 16 months later and ii) the effects of the seasonality of Burning, spring or fall, on the production of phenolic compounds in Pinus laricio. After Prescribed Burning conducted in spring, Pinus laricio increases the synthesis of total phenolic compounds for a period of 7 months. The increase is greater after spring-Burning than fall-Burning. With regard to simple phenols, only dihydroferulic acid responds about 1 year after both types of Prescribed Burning. The causes of these increases are discussed in this paper. Total phenolic compounds could be used as a bioindicator for the short-term response of Pinus laricio needles to Prescribed Burning. Simple phenols may be useful for revealing the medium-term effects of Prescribed Burning. The results of this study include recommending forest managers to use Prescribed Burning in the fall rather than spring to reduce fuel loads and have less impact on the trees.
Xian Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Response of Soil Denitrifying Communities to Long-Term Prescribed Burning in Two Australian Sclerophyll Forests
Geomicrobiology Journal, 2015Co-Authors: Xian Liu, Chengrong Chen, Weijin Wang, Jane M. Hughes, Tom LewisAbstract:Low-intensity Prescribed Burning is a common forest management tool and plays a major role in modifying biogeochemical cycling through the alteration of substrate availability and microbial communities. In this study, we assessed the response of microbial community to repeated Prescribed Burning in two sclerophyll forests (the Bauple site, dry, annual rainfall 1000 mm; and the Peachester site, wet, 1711 mm) in southeast Queensland, Australia. At the dry sclerophyll forest (the Bauple site), annual and triennial Burning did not significantly alter the soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, while at the wet scleophyll forest (the Peachester site), two yearly Burnings resulted in significantly lower soil total C and N contents compared to the long unburnt treatment. In spite of these different responses, Prescribed Burning regimes did not significantly influence the abundance of 16S rRNA or denitrifying gene (narG, nirK, nirS, nosZ) at both sites. These results indicated that, long-term Prescribed Burning...
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Short-term effects of Prescribed Burning on phosphorus availability in a suburban native forest of subtropical Australia
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2013Co-Authors: Wenjuan Huang, Chengrong Chen, Guoyi Zhou, Juxiu Liu, Kadum M. Abdullah, Frédérique Reverchon, Xian LiuAbstract:Purpose Prescribed Burning can alter nutrient availability to plants. Plant growth in tropical and subtropical forests is frequently phosphorus (P) limited. Soil P availability is influenced by a combination of multiple factors including soil chemical and biological properties. The aims of this study were to investigate the short-term effects of Prescribed Burning on soil P status and to evaluate the key drivers responsible for the variation in soil P fractions.
Magali Cannac - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification of flavonoids in Pinus Laricio needles and changes occurring after Prescribed Burning
Chemoecology, 2011Co-Authors: Magali Cannac, Lila Ferrat, Toussaint Barboni, Frédéric Morandini, Nathalie Chiaramonti, Vanina PasqualiniAbstract:Prescribed Burning is increasingly being used as a fire prevention tool in forest management; however, it can cause thermal stress to trees. Its effects on pine physiology have been poorly understood. Flavonoids are highly indicative of plants’ responses to environmental stress, and in this study, we used flavonoid concentrations in pine needles to assess fire impact on a Corsican Pinus laricio Poir. forest up to 4 years after Prescribed Burning. This is the first study that highlighted the presence of flavonols in P . laricio and indicated kaempferol to be the major compound. The total flavonol content increased by 60% 3 months after 1 or 2 Prescribed low-intensity Burnings and returned to the pre-Burning level after 1 year. This suggests that thermal stress events caused defensive production of flavonoids. Prescribed Burnings performed at 3-year intervals did not appear to alter flavonoid levels. In the light of these findings, forest managers may consider the use of Prescribed Burning at 3-year intervals as a means to reduce fuel loads, while minimizing the impact on P. laricio .
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Identification of flavonoids in PinusLaricio needles and changes occurring after Prescribed Burning
Chemoecology, 2010Co-Authors: Magali Cannac, Lila Ferrat, Toussaint Barboni, Frédéric Morandini, Nathalie Chiaramonti, Vanina PasqualiniAbstract:Prescribed Burning is increasingly being used as a fire prevention tool in forest management; however, it can cause thermal stress to trees. Its effects on pine physiology have been poorly understood. Flavonoids are highly indicative of plants’ responses to environmental stress, and in this study, we used flavonoid concentrations in pine needles to assess fire impact on a Corsican Pinuslaricio Poir. forest up to 4 years after Prescribed Burning. This is the first study that highlighted the presence of flavonols in P. laricio and indicated kaempferol to be the major compound. The total flavonol content increased by 60% 3 months after 1 or 2 Prescribed low-intensity Burnings and returned to the pre-Burning level after 1 year. This suggests that thermal stress events caused defensive production of flavonoids. Prescribed Burnings performed at 3-year intervals did not appear to alter flavonoid levels. In the light of these findings, forest managers may consider the use of Prescribed Burning at 3-year intervals as a means to reduce fuel loads, while minimizing the impact on P.laricio.
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volatile and semi volatile organic compounds in smoke exposure of firefighters during Prescribed Burning in the mediterranean region
International Journal of Wildland Fire, 2010Co-Authors: Toussaint Barboni, Vanina Pasqualini, Magali Cannac, Albert Simeoni, Eric Leoni, Nathalie ChiaramontiAbstract:Prescribed fires can be used as a forest management tool to reduce the severity of wildfires. Thus, over prolonged and repeated periods, firefighters are exposed to toxic air contaminants. This work consisted in collecting and analysing smoke released by typical Mediterranean vegetation during Prescribed Burning. Sampling was performed at five active zones on the island of Corsica. Seventy‐nine compounds were identified: volatile organic compounds and semi‐volatile organic compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Depending on exposure levels, the toxins present in smoke may cause short‐term or long‐term damage to firefighters’ health. The dangerous compounds emitted, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes, were quantified. Their concentrations varied as a function of the study site. These variations were due to the intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics of the fire site (e.g. plant species, fire intensity and wind). Our results show that benzene concentration is high during Prescribed Burning, close to the exposure limit value or short‐term exposure limit. Benzene can be considered as a toxicity tracer for Prescribed Burning because its concentration was above the exposure limit value at all the study sites. The authors suggest that respirators should be used to protect staff during Prescribed Burning operations.
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Phenolic compounds of Pinus laricio needles: a bioindicator of the effects of Prescribed Burning in function of season.
The Science of the total environment, 2009Co-Authors: Magali Cannac, Vanina Pasqualini, Toussaint Barboni, Frédéric Morandini, Lila FerratAbstract:Fire is a dominant ecological factor in Mediterranean-type ecosystems. Forest management includes many preventive tools, in particular for fire prevention, such as mechanical treatments and Prescribed Burning. Prescribed Burning is a commonly used method for treating fuel loads, but fuel reduction targets for reducing wildfire hazards must be balanced against fuel retention targets in order to maintain habitat and other forest functions. This approach was used on Pinus nigra ssp laricio var. Corsicana, a pine endemic to Corsica of great ecological and economic importance. Many studies of plant phenolic compounds have been carried out concerning responses to various stresses. The aim of this study was to understand i) the effects of Prescribed Burning 1 to 16 months later and ii) the effects of the seasonality of Burning, spring or fall, on the production of phenolic compounds in Pinus laricio. After Prescribed Burning conducted in spring, Pinus laricio increases the synthesis of total phenolic compounds for a period of 7 months. The increase is greater after spring-Burning than fall-Burning. With regard to simple phenols, only dihydroferulic acid responds about 1 year after both types of Prescribed Burning. The causes of these increases are discussed in this paper. Total phenolic compounds could be used as a bioindicator for the short-term response of Pinus laricio needles to Prescribed Burning. Simple phenols may be useful for revealing the medium-term effects of Prescribed Burning. The results of this study include recommending forest managers to use Prescribed Burning in the fall rather than spring to reduce fuel loads and have less impact on the trees.
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Phenolic compounds of Pinus laricio needles: A bioindicator of the effects of Prescribed Burning in function of season
Science of the Total Environment, 2009Co-Authors: Magali Cannac, Vanina Pasqualini, Toussaint Barboni, Frédéric Morandini, Lila FerratAbstract:preventive tools, in particular for fire prevention, such as mechanical treatments and Prescribed Burning. Prescribed Burning is a commonly used method for treating fuel loads, but fuel reduction targets for reducing wildfire hazards must be balanced against fuel retention targets in order to maintain habitat and other forest functions. This approach was used on Pinus nigra ssp laricio var. Corsicana, a pine endemic to Corsica of great ecological and economic importance. Many studies of plant phenolic compounds have been carried out concerning responses to various stresses. The aim of this study was to understand i) the effects of Prescribed Burning 1 to 16 months later and ii) the effects of the seasonality of Burning, spring or fall, on the production of phenolic compounds in Pinus laricio. After Prescribed Burning conducted in spring, Pinus laricio increases the synthesis of total phenolic compounds for a period of 7 months. The increase is greater after springBurning than fall-Burning. With regard to simple phenols, only dihydroferulic acid responds about 1 year after both types of Prescribed Burning. The causes of these increases are discussed in this paper. Total phenolic compounds could be used as a bioindicator for the short-term response of Pinus laricio needles to Prescribed Burning. Simple phenols may be useful for revealing the medium-term effects of Prescribed Burning. The results of this study include recommending forest managers to use Prescribed Burning in the fall rather than spring to reduce fuel loads and have less impact on the trees
Li Fu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impacts of Prescribed Burning on soil greenhouse gas fluxes in a suburban native forest of south eastern queensland australia
Biogeosciences, 2015Co-Authors: Yujin Zhao, Y Z Wang, Zhihong Xu, Li FuAbstract:Abstract. Prescribed Burning is a forest management practice that is widely used in Australia to reduce the risk of damaging wildfires. Prescribed Burning can affect both carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in the forest and thereby influence the soil-atmosphere exchange of major greenhouse gases, i.e. carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). To quantify the impact of a Prescribed Burning (conducted on 27 May 2014) on greenhouse gas exchange and the potential controlling mechanisms, we carried out a series of field measurements before (August 2013) and after (August 2014 and November 2014) the fire. Gas exchange rates were determined in four replicate plots which were burned during the combustion and in another four adjacent unburned plots located in green islands, using a set of static chambers. Surface soil properties including temperature, pH, moisture, soil C and N pools were also determined either by in situ measurement or by analysing surface 10 cm soil samples. All of the chamber measurements indicated a net sink of atmospheric CH4, with mean CH4 uptake ranging from 1.15 to 1.99 mg m−2 d−1. Prescribed Burning significantly enhanced CH4 uptake as indicated by the significant higher CH4 uptake rates in the burned plots measured in August 2014. In the following 3 months, the CH4 uptake rate was recovered to the pre-Burning level. Mean CO2 emission from the forest soils ranged from 2721.76 to 7113.49 mg m−2 d−1. The effect of Prescribed Burning on CO2 emission was limited within the first 3 months, as no significant difference was observed between the burned and the adjacent unburned plots in both August and November 2014. The CO2 emissions showed more seasonal variations, rather than the effects of Prescribed Burning. The N2O emission in the plots was quite low, and no significant impact of Prescribed Burning was observed. The changes in understory plants and litter layers, surface soil temperature, C and N substrate availability and microbial activities, following the Prescribed Burning, were the factors that controlled the greenhouse gas exchanges. Our results suggested that the low-intensity Prescribed Burning would decrease soil CO2 emission and increase CH4 uptake, but this effect would be present within a relatively short period. Only slight changes in the surface soil properties during the combustion and very limited impacts of Prescribed Burning on the mineral soils supported the rapid recovery of the greenhouse gas exchange rates.