The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Vittorio Verda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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thermo fluid dynamic model of large district heating networks for the analysis of Primary Energy savings
Energy, 2017Co-Authors: Elisa Guelpa, Adriano Sciacovelli, Vittorio VerdaAbstract:Among the various heating technologies that can be applied to urban areas district heating is recognized to allow significant reduction in Primary Energy Consumption, provided that the system is properly designed and operated. Thermo-fluid dynamic simulation tools can be of extreme importance in order to achieve this objective. This paper aims at presenting a thermo fluid dynamic model for the detailed simulation of large district heating network and showing how it can be usefully applied to examine options for the reduction of Primary Energy Consumption. The model is tested using experimental data and then applied for analyzing transient operations of the Turin district heating network, which is the largest network in Italy and one of the largest in Europe. A comparison between simulations and experimental results shows that the model is able to predict the temperature in the nodes of the network with good accuracy. The thermal power required to each plant is also calculated with a good level of accuracy. The model can be used for the simulation of operational strategies, thus representing a versatile and important tool for the implementation of advanced management such as the installation of local storage units or the variation of user request schedules.
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thermo fluid dynamic model of large district heating networks for the analysis of Primary Energy savings
Energy, 2017Co-Authors: Elisa Guelpa, Adriano Sciacovelli, Vittorio VerdaAbstract:Among the various heating technologies that can be applied to urban areas district heating is recognized to allow significant reduction in Primary Energy Consumption, provided that the system is properly designed and operated. Thermo-fluid dynamic simulation tools can be of extreme importance in order to achieve this objective. This paper aims at presenting a thermo fluid dynamic model for the detailed simulation of large district heating network and showing how it can be usefully applied to examine options for the reduction of Primary Energy Consumption. The model is tested using experimental data and then applied for analyzing transient operations of the Turin district heating network, which is the largest network in Italy and one of the largest in Europe. A comparison between simulations and experimental results shows that the model is able to predict the temperature in the nodes of the network with good accuracy. The thermal power required to each plant is also calculated with a good level of accuracy. The model can be used for the simulation of operational strategies, thus representing a versatile and important tool for the implementation of advanced management such as the installation of local storage units or the variation of user request schedules.
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reduction of Primary Energy Consumption through distributed thermal storage in buildings connected with a district heating network
ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition IMECE 2014, 2014Co-Authors: Giorgia Baccino, Sara Cosentino, Elisa Guelpa, Adriano Sciacovelli, Vittorio VerdaAbstract:One of the possible options for increasing the Primary Energy efficiency in district heating networks (DHNs) consists in flattening the thermal load diagram of the plants. This can be obtained through thermal storage. Storage generally allows one to increase the percentage of heat produced through CHP plants, waste heat or renewable systems.In this work, a numerical approach to analyze possible effects of distributed storage on the Primary Energy Consumption is presented. This is based on the availability of detailed information about the thermal substations that connect the users to the DHN and a thermo-fluid dynamic model of the network. First, the analysis of a user of the district heating network is proposed in order to show the operating conditions of the heat exchanger in the thermal substation. Then the model of the network is presented and an application is proposed. This application allows us to discuss how the thermal request of a user modifies along the network because of the heat capacity of the network itself and mixing with the mass flow rates at different temperatures. Therefore, the thermal load that the plants should fulfill is different than the simple summation of the thermal request of the users.This tool allows one to link the thermal thermal request of the users to the thermal load of the plant and thus to the global Primary Energy Consumption. It can be then applied to the evaluation of possible variation of thermal request profile of the users.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
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Primary Energy savings through thermal storage in district heating networks
Energy, 2011Co-Authors: Vittorio Verda, Francesco ColellaAbstract:Abstract District heating is an efficient way to provide heat to residential, tertiary and industrial users. Heat is often produced by CHP (combined heat and power) plants, usually designed to provide the base thermal load (40–50% of the maximum load) while the rest is provided by boilers. The use of storage tanks would permit to increase the annual operating hours of CHP: heat can be produced when the request is low (for instance during the night), stored and then used when the request is high. The use of boilers results partially reduced and the thermal load diagram is flattered. Depending on the type of CHP plant this may also affect the electricity generation. All these considerations are crucial in the free electricity market. In this paper, a multi-scale model of storage tanks is proposed. This model is particularly suitable to analyze the operation of storage systems during the heating season and to predict their effects on the Primary Energy Consumption and cash flows. The analysis is conducted considering the Turin district heating system as case study. Results show that Primary Energy Consumption can be reduced up to 12%, while total costs can be reduced up to about 5%.
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different design scenarios related to an open loop groundwater heat pump in a large building impact on subsurface and Primary Energy Consumption
Energy and Buildings, 2011Co-Authors: Stefano Lo Russo, Giorgia Baccino, Glenda Taddia, Vittorio VerdaAbstract:Abstract A multidisciplinary methodology is proposed for analyzing opportunities to use existing boreholes and an open-loop groundwater heat pump to provide summer cooling needs for large university buildings in Turin (NW Italy). The approach starts from a model of the buildings to determine the time profile of the cooling load. This curve is then coupled with a model of the off-design behaviour of the heat pump, which allows calculation of its Energy performance (coefficient of performance, electricity Consumption, etc.) as well as profiles of water discharge to the aquifer in terms of mass flow rate and temperature. Covering the peak Energy needs of the buildings requires a variable amount of groundwater during the day. This could be provided varying the withdrawals from the aquifer but, as possible alternatives, two storage system solutions are examined: (1) chilled water storage and (2) groundwater storage. Simulations show that in both cases the use of storage systems produces environmental advantages, as the extent of the thermal plume reduces significantly. Moreover, chilled water storage presents a benefit in terms of reduced total Primary Energy Consumption. The additional costs incurred by storage systems could necessitate public funding as well as system optimization.
Hideki Kubota - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hybrid utilization of renewable Energy and fuel cells for residential Energy systems
Energy and Buildings, 2011Co-Authors: Yasuhiro Hamada, Kiyotaka Takeda, Ryuichiro Goto, Hideki KubotaAbstract:Abstract This paper describes field experiments and numerical simulations on hybrid utilization of renewable Energy and fuel cells for a residential Energy system. It presents results of empirical testing and evaluation of hybrid utilization involving solar Energy. First, field experiments were conducted on an electric power and domestic hot water supply system that uses both solar Energy and fuel cells. The system achieved a large amount of reduction in Primary Energy Consumption compared with conventional systems. Secondly, a simulation was performed on the optimum scale and effect of introduction of the system. The simulation results proposed the optimum capacities of the solar Energy utilization and fuel cells to minimize Primary Energy Consumption of the system.
Luis M Lopezgonzalez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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towards nearly zero Energy educational buildings with the implementation of the Energy performance of buildings directive via Energy rehabilitation in cold mediterranean zones the case of spain
Energy Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Luis M Lopezochoa, Jesus Lasherascasas, David Bobadillamartinez, Luis M LopezgonzalezAbstract:Abstract The European Union, through the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive and the Energy Efficiency Directive, has been establishing requirements and expectations regarding Energy savings and efficiency in buildings. The objective of this study is to explore Energy rehabilitation solutions for educational buildings of the 1980s in cold climate zones of Spain by applying the corresponding adaptation of the European legislation, which is the Basic Document for Energy Saving of the Technical Building Code. The evolution of regulation is studied using three cases, and 12 proposals for achieving nearly zero-Energy educational buildings are studied. The analysis of the results obtained shows how changes in Energy and environmental policies affect those buildings. Regarding the baseline building, average reductions of more than 66% in non-renewable Primary Energy Consumption and of more than 71% in CO2 emissions were observed. Additional reductions of at least 10% in non-renewable Primary Energy Consumption and 8% in CO2 emissions are achieved with the alternatives proposed to achieve nearly zero-Energy educational buildings. The knowledge of the sector is deepened with this study, which allows the design of future Energy rehabilitation policies and promotes policy changes.
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final and Primary Energy Consumption of the residential sector in spain and la rioja 1991 2013 verifying the degree of compliance with the european 2020 goals by means of Energy indicators
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018Co-Authors: Luis M Lopezgonzalez, Luis M Lopezochoa, Jesus Lasherascasas, Cesar GarcialozanoAbstract:Among other things, the European Union climate and Energy legislation package seeks to achieve a renewable Energy contribution of 20% to total Energy Consumption by the year 2020. In addition, it also seeks to improve Energy efficiency and to reduce the 2005 total Primary Energy Consumption by 20% in that same year. In 2013, the residential sector of Spain consumed 15.0 Mtoe of final Energy, representing 19% of total Energy Consumption. This sector has great potential for savings and energetic improvement due to the multitude of possible actions that can be taken to improve it. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating the final Energy Consumption, Primary Energy Consumption, and contribution by renewable Energy of the residential sector decomposed by Energy source in any Autonomous Community and in Spain as a whole. The method is applied to the Autonomous Community of La Rioja and to Spain between 1991 and 2013. The results show a complete Energy analysis of the Riojan and Spanish residential sectors, ultimately obtaining the key Energy indicators to demonstrate the advances toward compliance with European goals for 2020, adapted to the residential sector. The results themselves serve as a control tool for Energy planning.
Gianluigi Lo Basso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Power-to-Gas integration in the Transition towards Future Urban Energy Systems
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2017Co-Authors: Benedetto Nastasi, Gianluigi Lo BassoAbstract:Temperature levels play a key role in the thermal Energy demand of urban contexts affecting their associated Primary Energy Consumption and Renewable Energy Fraction. A Smart Heating strategy accounts for those supply features requiring new solutions to be effectively renewable and to solve the RES capacity firming. Power-to-Gas (P2G) is the way to decarbonize the Energy supply chain as fraction of Hybrid fuels, combination of fossil ones and Renewable Hydrogen, as immediate responsive storage solution. While, Power-To-Heat is conceived as the strategy to modernize the high and medium temperature heating systems by electricity-driven machines to switch from Fuel-to-Heat to Electricity-to-Heat solutions. The authors investigated on different urban Energy scenarios at RES share increase from 25% up to 50% in the Energy mix to highlight strengths and weaknesses of the P2G applications. Primary Energy Consumption was chosen as the objective function. Three Reference Cities were chosen as reference scenarios. Moreover, the analytical models of P2G was designed and implemented in the reference Energy system. The results of the twelve scenarios, four for each Reference City were evaluated in terms of amount of Renewable Heat delivered. Finally, the interaction between P2G and renewable heat production was evaluated.
George Mavrotas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A multi-objective approach for optimal prioritization of Energy efficiency measures in buildings: Model, software and case studies
Applied Energy, 2015Co-Authors: M. Karmellos, Aristides Kiprakis, George MavrotasAbstract:Buildings are responsible for some 40% of the total final Energy Consumption in the European Union and about 40% of the world’s Primary Energy Consumption. Hence, the reduction of Primary Energy Consumption is important for the overall Energy chain. The scope of the current work is to assess the Energy efficiency measures in the residential and small commercial sector and to develop a methodology and a software tool for their optimal prioritization.
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a multi objective approach for optimal prioritization of Energy efficiency measures in buildings model software and case studies
Applied Energy, 2015Co-Authors: M. Karmellos, Aristides Kiprakis, George MavrotasAbstract:Abstract Buildings are responsible for some 40% of the total final Energy Consumption in the European Union and about 40% of the world’s Primary Energy Consumption. Hence, the reduction of Primary Energy Consumption is important for the overall Energy chain. The scope of the current work is to assess the Energy efficiency measures in the residential and small commercial sector and to develop a methodology and a software tool for their optimal prioritization. The criteria used for the prioritization of Energy efficiency measures in this article are the Primary Energy Consumption and the initial investment cost. The developed methodology used is generic and could be implemented in the case of a new building or retrofitting an existing building. A multi-objective mixed-integer non-linear problem (MINLP) needs to be solved and the weighted sum method is used. Moreover, the novelty of this work is that a software tool has been developed using ‘Matlab®’ which is generic, very simple and time efficient and can be used by a Decision Maker (DM). Two case studies have been developed, one for a new building and one for retrofitting an existing one, in two cities with different climate characteristics. The building was placed in Edinburgh in the UK and Athens in Greece and the analysis showed that the Primary Energy Consumption and the initial investment cost are inversely proportional.
