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S Ignacimuthu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • documentation and quantitative analysis of the local knowledge on medicinal plants among traditional siddha healers in virudhunagar district of tamil nadu india
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2011
    Co-Authors: S Mutheeswaran, P Pandikumar, Muthiah Chellappandian, S Ignacimuthu
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance India has a population with high degree of medical pluralism. Siddha system of Indian traditional medicine is practiced dominantly by the people in Tamil Nadu. The traditionally trained Siddha healers still play an important role in the rural health care. Their knowledge is comparatively more vulnerable than the documented traditional knowledge. Thus, the present study was aimed to document and quantitatively analyze the local knowledge of the traditional Siddha healers in Virudhunagar district of Tamil Nadu, India. Materials and methods The results presented in this paper are the outcome of series of interviews conducted between January and August, 2010 consisting of 196 field days. After getting Prior Informed Consent, interviews were conducted and successive free-listing was used in the interviews in order to make informants cite the medicinal plants that they have used. By this way 96 healers were interviewed and their data were quantitatively analyzed using various indices such as Informant Consensus Factor ( F ic ), Fidelity Level (FL), Informant Agreement on Remedies (IAR) and Cultural Importance Index (CII). Results This study recorded the ethno-medicinal usage of 227 species which were used to prepare 611 formulations for the treatment of 36 illness categories. The knowledge holders had the experience of minimum 20 years. There was unevenness in male–female ratio. Regarding the medicinal plants, easily available plants were holding significantly high number of citations, IAR and CII values. Nine illness categories had a high F ic value, compared to others. Species with high citations in these groups were Moringa oleifera (aphrodisiacs), Acalypha indica (dermatological ailments), Dodonaea viscosa (musculo-skeletal disorders), Solanum trilobatum (pulmonary ailments), Phyllanthus amarus (jaundice), Piper nigrum (adjuvant) Allium cepa (hemorrhoids), Azadirachta indica (antiseptic) and Tribulus terrestris (urinary ailments). Conclusion Quantitative analysis of the data had revealed that the easily available species hold a high consensus and cultural importance. Future biomedical studies using the medicinal plants enumerated in this study, particularly those with high number of citations and high F ic values might yield some novel prototypes. Such studies will also be useful to assess the efficacy and safety of these herbal treatments to take decisions on the health care of rural India.

  • consensus of local knowledge on medicinal plants among traditional healers in mayiladumparai block of theni district tamil nadu india
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2011
    Co-Authors: P Pandikumar, Muthiah Chellappandian, S Mutheeswaran, S Ignacimuthu
    Abstract:

    Abstract Aim of the study The role of ethnobotany in drug discovery is huge but there are criticisms over such studies due to their qualitative nature. The present study is aimed at quantitatively abstracting the medicinal plant knowledge of the healers trained in traditional ways, in Mayiladumparai block of Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India. Materials and methods The interviews and field observations were carried out in all the 18 village panchayaths from January to June 2010, consisting of 148 field days. The interviews were conducted with 80 traditional healers, after obtaining Prior Informed Consent. Successive free listing was used to interview the informants. The informant consensus factor ( F ic ) was calculated to estimate the use variability of medicinal plants. Fidelity index and Cultural importance index were also calculated to analyze the data. Results This study recorded the ethno-medicinal usage of 142 ethno-species belonging to 62 families that were used to prepare 504 formulations. Jaundice had the highest F ic value than all the illness categories studied. Phyllanthus spp. was the highly cited medicinal plant to treat jaundice and had high fidelity index value. This was followed by Senna angustifolia and Terminalia chebula as laxatives. The highly cited medicinal plants in each group with high F ic value were Pongamia pinnata (antiseptic), Aerva lanata (antidote and snakebite), Blepharis maderaspatensis (cuts and wounds), Abutilon indicum (hemorrhoids), Ruta graveolens (spiritual medicine), Ocimum tenuiflorum (cough), and Solanum trilobatum (pulmonary ailments). Phyllanthus spp., was the most culturally significant species according to this index, followed by Borassus flebellifer. Conclusion The process of drug discovery has become highly expensive and post-approval and post-marketing withdrawal of drugs is continuing. In such scenario, reverse pharmacology is considered an attractive option. The medicinal plants enumerated in this study with high number of citations and high F ic values for illness categories might give some useful leads for further biomedical research.

Altuve Pablo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • EPIDEMIOLOG\ucdA DE LA DIARREA AGUDA POR ROTAVIRUS, ESTADO LARA, ENERO 2015 - JULIO 2016
    2019
    Co-Authors: Altuve Pablo
    Abstract:

    La diarrea aguda por rotavirus se ha constituido en un problema de salud p\ufablica que puede afectar el desarrollo psicomotriz y pondoestatural de los infantes. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la epidemiolog\ueda de la diarrea aguda por rotavirus en Barquisimeto, estado Lara, en el lapso enero 2015-julio 2016. Esta investigaci\uf3n tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, de campo, de tipo experimental, de naturaleza descriptiva y transversal. Previo Consentimiento informado se recolectaron los datos en un protocolo elaborado para tal fin. Las muestras (240) fueron recolectadas en el Hospital Pedi\ue1trico Universitario "Agust\uedn Zubillaga" en Barquisimeto, estado Lara. Las mismas fueron sometidas a un ELISA directo. Los resultados fueron analizados con el programa Microsoft Excel 2010. En (20%) de las muestras se detect\uf3 rotavirus. El rotavirus predomin\uf3 en el g\ue9nero femenino (62%) y en los lactantes menores (60%), seguido de lactantes mayores (25%). Los signos y s\uedntomas m\ue1s frecuentes fueron fiebre (95%), v\uf3mito (95%) y rinorrea (85%). En relaci\uf3n a las enfermedades asociadas se report\uf3 anemia (60%), desnutrici\uf3n (48%) y parasitosis (45%). En relaci\uf3n a la cobertura vacunal anti-rotavirus se determin\uf3 que (86%) de los pacientes positivos a rotavirus no hab\uedan recibido ninguna dosis de dicha vacuna, mientras que el (14%) de dichos pacientes hab\uedan recibido algunas dosis de la misma. Palabras clave: Epidemiolog\ueda, rotavirus, ELISA, diarrea aguda. ABSTRACT Acute diarrhea caused by rotavirus has become a public health problem that can affect the psychomotor and pondoestatural development of infants. This paper aims to determine the epidemiology of acute diarrhea caused by rotavirus in Barquisimeto, Lara State, in the period January 2015-July 2016. This research has a quantitative, field, experimental, descriptive and transversal nature. Prior Informed Consent, the data was collected in a protocol developed for this purpose. Samples (240) were collected at the "Agustin Zubillaga" University Pediatric Hospital in Barquisimeto, Lara State. They were subjected to a direct ELISA. The results were analyzed with the Microsoft Excel 2010 program. rotavirus was detected in (20%) of the samples. Rotavirus predominated in the female gender (62%) and in young infants (60%), followed by older infants (25%). The most frequent signs and symptoms were fever (95%), vomiting (95%) and rhinorrhea (85%). In relation to the associated diseases, anemia (60%), malnutrition (48%) and parasites (45%) were reported. Regarding the vaccine coverage against rotavirus, it was determined that (86%) of the rotavirus positive patients had not received any dose of said vaccine, while (14%) of said patients had received some doses of it. Key words: Epidemiology, rotavirus, ELISA, acute diarrhea.

  • Epidemiología de la diarrea aguda por rotavirus, estado Lara, enero 2015 - julio 2016.
    2019
    Co-Authors: Altuve Pablo, González Reyes Mayra, Martínez Emilio
    Abstract:

    Acute diarrhea caused by rotavirus has become a public health problem that can affect the psychomotor and pondoestatural development of infants. This paper aims to determine the epidemiology of acute diarrhea caused by rotavirus in Barquisimeto, Lara State, in the period January 2015-July 2016. This research has a quantitative, field, experimental, descriptive and transversal nature. Prior Informed Consent, the data was collected in a protocol developed for this purpose. Samples (240) were collected at the "Agustin Zubillaga" University Pediatric Hospital in Barquisimeto, Lara State. They were subjected to a direct ELISA. The results were analyzed with the Microsoft Excel 2010 program. rotavirus was detected in (20%) of the samples. Rotavirus predominated in the female gender (62%) and in young infants (60%), followed by older infants (25%). The most frequent signs and symptoms were fever (95%), vomiting (95%) and rhinorrhea (85%). In relation to the associated diseases, anemia (60%), malnutrition (48%) and parasites (45%) were reported. Regarding the vaccine coverage against rotavirus, it was determined that (86%) of the rotavirus positive patients had not received any dose of said vaccine, while (14%) of said patients had received some doses of it.La diarrea aguda por rotavirus se ha constituido en un problema de salud pública que puede afectar el desarrollo psicomotriz y pondoestatural de los infantes.  El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la epidemiología de la diarrea aguda por rotavirus en Barquisimeto, estado Lara, en el lapso enero 2015-julio 2016. Esta investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, de campo, de tipo experimental, de naturaleza descriptiva y transversal. Previo Consentimiento informado se recolectaron los datos en un protocolo elaborado para tal fin. Las muestras (240) fueron recolectadas en el Hospital Pediátrico Universitario “Agustín Zubillaga” en Barquisimeto, estado Lara. Las mismas fueron sometidas a un ELISA directo. Los resultados fueron analizados con el programa Microsoft Excel 2010. En (20%) de las muestras se detectó rotavirus.  El rotavirus predominó en el género femenino (62%) y en los lactantes menores (60%), seguido de lactantes mayores (25%). Los signos y síntomas más frecuentes fueron fiebre (95%), vómito (95%) y rinorrea (85%). En relación a las enfermedades asociadas se reportó anemia (60%), desnutrición (48%) y parasitosis (45%). En relación a la cobertura vacunal anti-rotavirus se determinó que (86%) de los pacientes positivos a rotavirus no habían recibido ninguna dosis de dicha vacuna, mientras que el (14%) de dichos pacientes habían recibido algunas dosis de la misma

Anna Aseeva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • stakes and prospects of the right to free Prior Informed Consent in one belt one road projects in the context of transnational investment law and arbitration
    Social Science Research Network, 2018
    Co-Authors: Anna Aseeva, Yip Ka Lok
    Abstract:

    This chapter provides a preview of the legal issues concerning the principle of free, Prior and Informed Consent (‘FPIC’) in the One Belt, One Road (‘OBOR’) initiative in the context of transnational investment law and arbitration (‘TILA’) and is divided into four substantive sections. Section 1 sets the stage for the articulation and operationalization of the right to FPIC and the related right to consultation by highlighting the importance of local participation. Section 2 surveys different sources of international law to scope the right to FPIC. Section 3 analyzes the corresponding obligations of the States hosting OBOR projects. Section 4 analyzes the corresponding obligations of investors investing in OBOR projects.

  • when yes means yes free Prior Informed Consent fpic in one belt one road projects in the context of transnational investment law and arbitration
    Social Science Research Network, 2017
    Co-Authors: Anna Aseeva, Ka Lok Yip
    Abstract:

    Opposition from local stakeholders to greenfield foreign investment projects and the resulting conflicts have caused major concern for host States, foreign investors and financiers in recent years. With the One Belt, One Road (‘OBOR’)’s routes crossing over politically fragile countries, the potential impact of OBOR investment projects on the rights of the local communities, including indigenous population, and the adverse reaction this might generate towards these projects could have serious financial, social and geo-political implications. This contribution first highlights the importance of local participation in decision-making on foreign investment projects in the context of transnational investment law and arbitration (‘TILA’). It then studies the different sources of international law to scope the right of indigenous peoples, and wider local population, to free, Prior and Informed Consent (‘FPIC’) in the context of OBOR projects. It then analyses the obligations on the host States and investors in relation to such a right to FPIC, particularly by drawing on recent jurisprudence in TILA.

Yip Ka Lok - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Martínez Emilio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Epidemiología de la diarrea aguda por rotavirus, estado Lara, enero 2015 - julio 2016.
    2019
    Co-Authors: Altuve Pablo, González Reyes Mayra, Martínez Emilio
    Abstract:

    Acute diarrhea caused by rotavirus has become a public health problem that can affect the psychomotor and pondoestatural development of infants. This paper aims to determine the epidemiology of acute diarrhea caused by rotavirus in Barquisimeto, Lara State, in the period January 2015-July 2016. This research has a quantitative, field, experimental, descriptive and transversal nature. Prior Informed Consent, the data was collected in a protocol developed for this purpose. Samples (240) were collected at the "Agustin Zubillaga" University Pediatric Hospital in Barquisimeto, Lara State. They were subjected to a direct ELISA. The results were analyzed with the Microsoft Excel 2010 program. rotavirus was detected in (20%) of the samples. Rotavirus predominated in the female gender (62%) and in young infants (60%), followed by older infants (25%). The most frequent signs and symptoms were fever (95%), vomiting (95%) and rhinorrhea (85%). In relation to the associated diseases, anemia (60%), malnutrition (48%) and parasites (45%) were reported. Regarding the vaccine coverage against rotavirus, it was determined that (86%) of the rotavirus positive patients had not received any dose of said vaccine, while (14%) of said patients had received some doses of it.La diarrea aguda por rotavirus se ha constituido en un problema de salud pública que puede afectar el desarrollo psicomotriz y pondoestatural de los infantes.  El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la epidemiología de la diarrea aguda por rotavirus en Barquisimeto, estado Lara, en el lapso enero 2015-julio 2016. Esta investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, de campo, de tipo experimental, de naturaleza descriptiva y transversal. Previo Consentimiento informado se recolectaron los datos en un protocolo elaborado para tal fin. Las muestras (240) fueron recolectadas en el Hospital Pediátrico Universitario “Agustín Zubillaga” en Barquisimeto, estado Lara. Las mismas fueron sometidas a un ELISA directo. Los resultados fueron analizados con el programa Microsoft Excel 2010. En (20%) de las muestras se detectó rotavirus.  El rotavirus predominó en el género femenino (62%) y en los lactantes menores (60%), seguido de lactantes mayores (25%). Los signos y síntomas más frecuentes fueron fiebre (95%), vómito (95%) y rinorrea (85%). En relación a las enfermedades asociadas se reportó anemia (60%), desnutrición (48%) y parasitosis (45%). En relación a la cobertura vacunal anti-rotavirus se determinó que (86%) de los pacientes positivos a rotavirus no habían recibido ninguna dosis de dicha vacuna, mientras que el (14%) de dichos pacientes habían recibido algunas dosis de la misma