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Yufi Adriani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • analysis of political leadership model of ulama islamic religious leader in indonesia
    Social Science Research Network, 2012
    Co-Authors: Ahmad Dirwan, Yufi Adriani
    Abstract:

    The purposed of this study was to look at models of the political leadership of the Ulama in Indonesia. The latest development of the contemporary politics in Indonesia was marked by the successful of Indonesian voters for the first times elect their president and vice president directly (1998). Since then, the government system gave the opportunity to Private Citizen to nominate themselves and stand as the head of government. However, if Citizens planned to become a candidate, he must be registered as member from one political party or represent one of them. For example, there is Ulama who form a party called the “ Partai Bintang Reformasi” in the reformation period. In addition, there is the party that contains a lot of Ulama such as “Partai Keadilan Sejahtera” who chose to merge with the winning party and eventually many of those sitting in parliament. The models of political leadership in Indonesia will be analyzed through four types; Personality Attributes Model, Leader and Constituent Models, Contextual Factor Model, the Integrative Model. Although in an attempt to understand the behavior of the political leadership of the Ulama, the most appropriate model seemed the use of integrative models. The aim of this research was also to get the broader picture of what model is most widely practiced by the Ulama when they were assigned in government system, members of parliament and political party leaders, then the results will be also compared among the 3 groups of the samples. This study will be recruited some participants to answer the questionnaires and followed by depth interview session.

Ahmad Dirwan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • analysis of political leadership model of ulama islamic religious leader in indonesia
    Social Science Research Network, 2012
    Co-Authors: Ahmad Dirwan, Yufi Adriani
    Abstract:

    The purposed of this study was to look at models of the political leadership of the Ulama in Indonesia. The latest development of the contemporary politics in Indonesia was marked by the successful of Indonesian voters for the first times elect their president and vice president directly (1998). Since then, the government system gave the opportunity to Private Citizen to nominate themselves and stand as the head of government. However, if Citizens planned to become a candidate, he must be registered as member from one political party or represent one of them. For example, there is Ulama who form a party called the “ Partai Bintang Reformasi” in the reformation period. In addition, there is the party that contains a lot of Ulama such as “Partai Keadilan Sejahtera” who chose to merge with the winning party and eventually many of those sitting in parliament. The models of political leadership in Indonesia will be analyzed through four types; Personality Attributes Model, Leader and Constituent Models, Contextual Factor Model, the Integrative Model. Although in an attempt to understand the behavior of the political leadership of the Ulama, the most appropriate model seemed the use of integrative models. The aim of this research was also to get the broader picture of what model is most widely practiced by the Ulama when they were assigned in government system, members of parliament and political party leaders, then the results will be also compared among the 3 groups of the samples. This study will be recruited some participants to answer the questionnaires and followed by depth interview session.

  • analysis of political leadership model of ulama islamic religious leader in indonesia1
    Jurnal Mitra Manajemen, 2011
    Co-Authors: Ahmad Dirwan
    Abstract:

    The purposed of this study was to look at models of the political leadership of the Ulama in Indonesia. The latest development of the contemporary politics in Indonesia was marked by the successful of Indonesian voters for the first times elect their president and vice president directly (2004). Since then, the government system gave the opportunity to Private Citizen to nominate themselves and stand as the head of government. However, if Citizens planned to become a candidate, he must be registered as member from one political party or represent one of them. Leadership itself has own definition is the process of influencing the activities of an organized group toward goal achievement. The political leadership of the ulama means the ability of their islamic religious leader who has the wisdom and vision to create and execute plans and make consequential decision in the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous strategic environment. The models of political leadership in Indonesia will be analyzed through three types; Personality Attributes Model, Contextual Factor Model and the Integrative Model. Although in an attempt to understand the behavior of the political leadership of the Ulama, the most appropriate model seemed the use of integrative models. The aim of this research was also to get the broader picture of what model is most widely practiced by the Ulama when they were assigned in government system, members of parliament and political party leaders. This study will use case study in order to analyzed the political leadership model of Ulama in Indonesia.

Clark A Miller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • examining the role of web site information in facilitating different Citizen government relationships a case study of state chronic wasting disease web sites
    Government Information Quarterly, 2007
    Co-Authors: Kristin R Eschenfelder, Clark A Miller
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper develops a framework to assess the text-based public information provided on program level government agency Web sites. The framework informs the larger e-government question of how, or whether, state administrative agencies are using Web sites in a transformative capacity—to change relationships between Citizens and government. It focuses on assessing the degree to which text information provided on government Web sites could facilitate various relationships between government agencies and Citizens. The framework incorporates four views of government information obligations stemming from different assumptions about Citizen–government relationships in a democracy: the Private Citizen view, the attentive Citizen view, the deliberative Citizen view, and the Citizen–publisher view. Each view suggests inclusion of different types of information on government agency web sites. The framework is employed to assess state Web sites containing information about chronic wasting disease, a disease effecting deer and elk in numerous U.S. states and Canada.

Kristin R Eschenfelder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • examining the role of web site information in facilitating different Citizen government relationships a case study of state chronic wasting disease web sites
    Government Information Quarterly, 2007
    Co-Authors: Kristin R Eschenfelder, Clark A Miller
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper develops a framework to assess the text-based public information provided on program level government agency Web sites. The framework informs the larger e-government question of how, or whether, state administrative agencies are using Web sites in a transformative capacity—to change relationships between Citizens and government. It focuses on assessing the degree to which text information provided on government Web sites could facilitate various relationships between government agencies and Citizens. The framework incorporates four views of government information obligations stemming from different assumptions about Citizen–government relationships in a democracy: the Private Citizen view, the attentive Citizen view, the deliberative Citizen view, and the Citizen–publisher view. Each view suggests inclusion of different types of information on government agency web sites. The framework is employed to assess state Web sites containing information about chronic wasting disease, a disease effecting deer and elk in numerous U.S. states and Canada.

William J Bayles - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the ethics of computer network attack
    Parameters, 2001
    Co-Authors: William J Bayles
    Abstract:

    "Those who really deserve praise are the people who, while human enough to enjoy power, nonetheless pay more attention to justice than they are compelled to do by the situation." Thucydides, Speech of the Athenians [1] "I have the power, the capability, sitting in my home with my computer and my modem--if I only understood how to do it--to wage war. That is a very different environment than anything that we have experienced in the past." James Adams [2] Today we are on the verge of technological advances that will redefine how we wage war and, in many cases, blur the current line between economic competition and warfare. The technology which holds the most promise, as well as the most unknown danger, is the world of computer networks--cyberspace. With the proliferation of computers and ever-increasing computing power available to nearly every Private Citizen in developed countries, microprocessors have changed the lives of countless millions of people. The ubiquity of computing within business, finance, educational, and military institutions has raised concerns about the security of the data and tools upon which we have become increasingly dependent. [3] Many authors have expressed increasing concerns with our computer security. Some have speculated that an attack against the United States could disrupt electricity supplies and telephone service, interfere with air traffic control, cause leaks or explosions at chemical plants or refineries, and cause economic damage ranging into billions of dollars. [4] Likewise, other nations and transnational groups may have similar vulnerabilities the United States could exploit. Therefore, some people reason the United States should develop its own capabilities in the realm of computer network attack. In many articles and books, authors highlight the supposed elegance of bringing an enemy to his knees without firing a shot, instead rendering him defenseless and harmless by defeating his information infrastructure via surgical attacks. [5] The weapons of computer network attack include "chipping" [6] (inserting malevolent code into hardware during manufacturing), programming "back doors" to allow external control of a computer, and disseminating computer viruses. On the surface, these weapons appear to be nonlethal in nature, but they may have disruptive or deadly higher-order effects. Technologically capable nations are, perhaps by necessity, contemplating the addition of computer attack to their arsenals. During the Kosovo intervention, the United States attempted limited electronic attacks on Serbian computers containing banking records of Serbian leaders. [7] The United States is not alone, however. In 1995, the National Security Agency and Department of Energy estimated that more than 120 nations already had some sort of computer attack capability. [8] The People's Republic of China reportedly is studying numerous types of "dirty war"--"asymmetric attack" in today's military parlance --which include using computer viruses to pitch China's technologically advanced enemies into "political and economic crisis." [9] The potential for such a crisis makes the application of computer network attack a very different sort of combat power than the kinetic weapons it may someday supplement or replace. Like kinetic weapons, a computer network attack can destroy both military and civilian targets. Unlike kinetic weapons, however, a computer network attack can reach across the world at the speed of light, invisibly transiting many international borders en route to its target. Like chemical and biological weapons, cyber weapons can target large masses of people in both military and civilian communities. Unlike biological and chemical weapons, however, they affect humans indirectly rather than directly. Cyber weapons thus share some similarities with weapons of yesterday, yet they occupy a completely new niche by their nature. …

  • the ethics of computer network attack
    Parameters, 2001
    Co-Authors: William J Bayles
    Abstract:

    "Those who really deserve praise are the people who, while human enough to enjoy power, nonetheless pay more attention to justice than they are compelled to do by the situation." Thucydides, Speech of the Athenians [1] "I have the power, the capability, sitting in my home with my computer and my modem--if I only understood how to do it--to wage war. That is a very different environment than anything that we have experienced in the past." James Adams [2] Today we are on the verge of technological advances that will redefine how we wage war and, in many cases, blur the current line between economic competition and warfare. The technology which holds the most promise, as well as the most unknown danger, is the world of computer networks--cyberspace. With the proliferation of computers and ever-increasing computing power available to nearly every Private Citizen in developed countries, microprocessors have changed the lives of countless millions of people. The ubiquity of computing within business, finance, educational, and military institutions has raised concerns about the security of the data and tools upon which we have become increasingly dependent. [3] Many authors have expressed increasing concerns with our computer security. Some have speculated that an attack against the United States could disrupt electricity supplies and telephone service, interfere with air traffic control, cause leaks or explosions at chemical plants or refineries, and cause economic damage ranging into billions of dollars. [4] Likewise, other nations and transnational groups may have similar vulnerabilities the United States could exploit. Therefore, some people reason the United States should develop its own capabilities in the realm of computer network attack. In many articles and books, authors highlight the supposed elegance of bringing an enemy to his knees without firing a shot, instead rendering him defenseless and harmless by defeating his information infrastructure via surgical attacks. [5] The weapons of computer network attack include "chipping" [6] (inserting malevolent code into hardware during manufacturing), programming "back doors" to allow external control of a computer, and disseminating computer viruses. On the surface, these weapons appear to be nonlethal in nature, but they may have disruptive or deadly higher-order effects. Technologically capable nations are, perhaps by necessity, contemplating the addition of computer attack to their arsenals. During the Kosovo intervention, the United States attempted limited electronic attacks on Serbian computers containing banking records of Serbian leaders. [7] The United States is not alone, however. In 1995, the National Security Agency and Department of Energy estimated that more than 120 nations already had some sort of computer attack capability. [8] The People's Republic of China reportedly is studying numerous types of "dirty war"--"asymmetric attack" in today's military parlance --which include using computer viruses to pitch China's technologically advanced enemies into "political and economic crisis." [9] The potential for such a crisis makes the application of computer network attack a very different sort of combat power than the kinetic weapons it may someday supplement or replace. Like kinetic weapons, a computer network attack can destroy both military and civilian targets. Unlike kinetic weapons, however, a computer network attack can reach across the world at the speed of light, invisibly transiting many international borders en route to its target. Like chemical and biological weapons, cyber weapons can target large masses of people in both military and civilian communities. Unlike biological and chemical weapons, however, they affect humans indirectly rather than directly. Cyber weapons thus share some similarities with weapons of yesterday, yet they occupy a completely new niche by their nature. …