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C. V. Muraleedharan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessment of Producer Gas composition in air Gasification of biomass using artificial neural network model
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2018Co-Authors: Joel George, P. Arun, C. V. MuraleedharanAbstract:Abstract Energy generation from renewable and carbon-neutral biomass is significant in the context of a sustainable energy framework. Hydrogen can be conveniently extracted from biomass through thermo-chemical conversion process of Gasification. In the present work, an artificial neural network (ANN) model is developed using MATLAB software for Gasification process simulation based on extensive data obtained from experimental investigations. Experimental investigations on air Gasification are conducted in a bubbling fluidised bed Gasifier with different locally available biomasses at various operating conditions to obtain the Producer Gas. The developed artificial neural network consists of seven input variables, output layer with four output variables and one hidden layer with fifteen neurons. The multi-layer feed-forward neural network is trained employing Levenberg–Marquardt back-propagation algorithm. Performance of the model appraised using mean squared error and regression analysis shows good agreement between the output and target values with a regression coefficient, R = 0.987 and mean squared error, MSE = 0.71. The developed model is implemented to predict the Producer Gas composition from selected biomasses within the operating range. This model satisfactorily predicted the effect of operating parameters on Producer Gas yield, and is thus a useful tool for the simulation and performance assessment of the Gasification system.
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dual fuel mode operation in diesel engines using renewable fuels rubber seed oil and coir pith Producer Gas
Renewable Energy, 2008Co-Authors: A S Ramadhas, S Jayaraj, C. V. MuraleedharanAbstract:Partial combustion of biomass in the Gasifier generates Producer Gas that can be used as supplementary or sole fuel for internal combustion engines. Dual fuel mode operation using coir-pith derived Producer Gas and rubber seed oil as pilot fuel was analyzed for various Producer Gas–air flow ratios and at different load conditions. The engine is experimentally optimized with respect to maximum pilot fuel savings in the dual fuel mode operation. The performance and emission characteristics of the dual fuel engine are compared with that of diesel engine at different load conditions. Specific energy consumption in the dual-fuel mode of operation with oil-coir-pith operation is found to be in the higher side at all load conditions. Exhaust emission was found to be higher in the case of dual fuel mode of operation as compared to neat diesel/oil operation. Engine performance characteristics are inferior in fully renewable fueled engine operation but it suitable for stationary engine application, particularly power generation.
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power generation using coir pith and wood derived Producer Gas in diesel engines
Fuel Processing Technology, 2006Co-Authors: A S Ramadhas, S Jayaraj, C. V. MuraleedharanAbstract:Abstract Partial combustion of biomass in the Gasifier generates Producer Gas that can be used for heating purposes and as supplementary or sole fuel in internal combustion engines. In this study, the potential of coir-pith and wood chips as the feedstock for Gasifier is analyzed. The performance of the Gasifier–engine system is analyzed by running the engine for various Producer Gas–air flow ratios and at different load conditions. The system is experimentally optimized with respect to maximum diesel savings and lower emissions in the dual fuel mode operation while using coir-pith and wood chips separately. The performance and emission characteristics of the dual fuel engine are compared with that of diesel engine at different load conditions. Specific energy consumption in the dual fuel mode of operation is found to be in the higher side at all load conditions. The brake thermal efficiency of the engine while using wood chips in the dual mode operation is higher than that of coir-pith. The CO emission is higher in the case of dual fuel mode of operation as compared to that of diesel mode. In the dual fuel mode of operation, the higher diesel savings is achieved while using wood chips as compared to that of coir-pith. The comparison of the performance and emission characteristics of the dual fuel engine with diesel engine is also described.
N R Banapurmath - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simultaneous optimization of multiple operating engine parameters of a biodiesel Producer Gas operated compression ignition ci engine coupled with hydrogen using response surface methodology
Renewable Energy, 2019Co-Authors: V.s. Yaliwal, N R Banapurmath, V N Gaitonde, M D MalipatilAbstract:Abstract This present work highlights the influence of injection timing (IT), injector opening pressure (IOP) and compression ratio (CR) on the combustion characteristics of a diesel engine operated on renewable and sustainable fuels. In this research work an effort has been made to enhance the combustion of fuel combination in a diesel engine with addition of carbon free hydrogen and in the direction of lowering the exhaust emission levels. Experimental investigations have been carried out to study the combustion and exhaust characteristics of a single cylinder, four stroke, direct injection (DI) diesel engine operated on Tri-fuel mode using Honge seed oil methyl ester (HsOME) as the injected fuel and Producer Gas-hydrogen mixture as the inducted fuel. . To minimize the number of experiments full factorial design (FFD) has been adopted. The response surface methodology (RSM) based quadratic models obtained through FFD have been established between the parameters and proposed characteristics. With hydrogen addition, response surface analysis showed that increasing CR, IOP with advanced IT significantly improves the combustion of HsOME-Producer Gas fueled diesel engine in terms of the enhanced brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and reduced carbon based emission levels (Smoke opacity, Carbon monoxide, Hydrocarbon) except the nitric oxide (NOx) emissions. Further combustion parameters such as Ignition delay (ID), and combustion duration were lowered with hydrogen addition, advanced IT, increased IOP and CR. In addition peak pressure and heat release rate (HRR) were found to be higher compared to base fuel combination.
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combustion characteristics of a 4 stroke ci engine operated on honge oil neem and rice bran oils when directly injected and dual fuelled with Producer Gas induction
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: N R Banapurmath, V.s. Yaliwal, Satish Kambalimath, P.g. Tewari, Y H BasavarajappaAbstract:Abstract Energy is an essential requirement for economic and social development of any country. Sky rocketing of petroleum fuel costs in present day has led to growing interest in alternative fuels like vegetable oils, alcoholic fuels, CNG, LPG, Producer Gas, bioGas in order to provide a suitable substitute to diesel for a compression ignition (CI) engine. The vegetable oils present a very promising alternative fuel to diesel oil since they are renewable, biodegradable and clean burning fuel having similar properties as that of diesel. They offer almost same power output with slightly lower thermal efficiency due to their lower energy content compared to diesel. Utilization of Producer Gas in CI engine on dual fuel mode provides an effective approach towards conservation of diesel fuel. Gasification involves conversion of solid biomass into combustible Gases which completes combustion in a CI engines. Hence the Producer Gas can act as promising alternative fuel and it has high octane number (100–105) and calorific value (5–6 MJ/Nm 3 ). Because of its simpler structure with low carbon content results in substantial reduction of exhaust emission. Downdraft moving bed Gasifier coupled with compression ignition engine are a good choice for moderate quantities of available mass up to 500 kW of electrical power. Hence bio-derived Gas and vegetable liquids appear more attractive in view of their friendly environmental nature. Experiments have been conducted on a single cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection, water-cooled CI engine operated in single fuel mode using Honge, Neem and Rice Bran oils. In dual fuel mode combinations of Producer Gas and three oils were used at different injection timings and injection pressures. Dual fuel mode of operation resulted in poor performance at all the loads when compared with single fuel mode at all injection timings tested. However, the brake thermal efficiency is improved marginally when the injection timing was advanced. Decreased smoke, NO x emissions and increased CO emissions were observed for dual fuel mode for all the fuel combinations compared to single fuel operation.
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combustion characteristics of a 4 stroke ci engine operated on honge oil neem and rice bran oils when directly injected and dual fuelled with Producer Gas induction
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: N R Banapurmath, V.s. Yaliwal, Satish Kambalimath, P.g. Tewari, Y H BasavarajappaAbstract:Energy is an essential requirement for economic and social development of any country. Sky rocketing of petroleum fuel costs in present day has led to growing interest in alternative fuels like vegetable oils, alcoholic fuels, CNG, LPG, Producer Gas, bioGas in order to provide a suitable substitute to diesel for a compression ignition (CI) engine. The vegetable oils present a very promising alternative fuel to diesel oil since they are renewable, biodegradable and clean burning fuel having similar properties as that of diesel. They offer almost same power output with slightly lower thermal efficiency due to their lower energy content compared to diesel. Utilization of Producer Gas in CI engine on dual fuel mode provides an effective approach towards conservation of diesel fuel. Gasification involves conversion of solid biomass into combustible Gases which completes combustion in a CI engines. Hence the Producer Gas can act as promising alternative fuel and it has high octane number (100–105) and calorific value (5–6MJ/Nm3). Because of its simpler structure with low carbon content results in substantial reduction of exhaust emission. Downdraft moving bed Gasifier coupled with compression ignition engine are a good choice for moderate quantities of available mass up to 500kW of electrical power. Hence bio-derived Gas and vegetable liquids appear more attractive in view of their friendly environmental nature. Experiments have been conducted on a single cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection, water-cooled CI engine operated in single fuel mode using Honge, Neem and Rice Bran oils. In dual fuel mode combinations of Producer Gas and three oils were used at different injection timings and injection pressures.
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comparative performance studies of a 4 stroke ci engine operated on dual fuel mode with Producer Gas and honge oil and its methyl ester home with and without carburetor
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: N R Banapurmath, P.g. TewariAbstract:In order to meet the energy requirements, there has been growing interest in alternative fuels like biodiesels, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, bioGas, hydrogen and Producer Gas to provide a suitable diesel oil substitute for internal combustion engines. Biomass is basically composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. A proximate analysis of biomass indicates the volatile matter to be between 60–80% and 20–25% carbon and the rest, ash. The first part of sub-stoichiometric oxidation leads to the loss of volatiles from biomass and is exothermic; it results in peak temperatures of 1400–1500K and generation of Gaseous products like carbon monoxide, hydrogen in some proportions and carbon dioxide and water vapor, which in turn are reduced in part to carbon monoxide and hydrogen by the hot bed of charcoal generated during the process of Gasification. Therefore, solid biomass can be converted into a mixture of combustible Gases, and subsequently utilized for combustion in a CI engine. Producer Gas, if used in dual fuel mode, is an excellent substitute for reducing the amount of diesel consumed by the CI engine. Downdraft moving bed Gasifiers coupled with an IC engine are a good choice for moderate quantities of available biomass, up to 500kW of electric power. Vegetable oils present a very promising alternative to diesel oil since they are renewable and have similar properties. Vegetable oils offer almost the same power output with slightly lower thermal efficiency when used in diesel engines [1–7]. Research in this direction with edible oils have yielded encouraging results, but their use as fuel for diesel engines has limited applications due to higher domestic requirement [8–10]. In view of this, Honge oil (Pongamia Pinnata Linn) is selected and its viscosity is reduced by the transesterification process to obtain Honge oil methyl ester (HOME). Since vegetable oils produce higher smoke emissions, dual fuel operation could be adopted in order to improve their performance. A Gas carburetor was suitably designed to maximize the engine performance in dual fuel mode with Honge oil–Producer Gas and HOME–Producer Gas respectively. Thus bio-derived Gas and vegetable oil, when used in a dual fuel mode with carburetor, resulted in better performance with reduced emissions.
P.g. Tewari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Wood Type and Carburetor on the Performance of Producer Gas-Biodiesel Operated Dual Fuel Engines
Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2011Co-Authors: Nagaraj R. Banapurmath, V.s. Yaliwal, Satish Kambalimath, Anand M. Hunashyal, P.g. TewariAbstract:Modern compression ignition engines combine excellent fuel efficiency with high power output, and have the ability to use high quality renewable fuels, which can be produced efficiently from biomass. With regards to the progressively stringent emission legislation in the automotive sector and the need to reduce greenhouse Gas emissions over the coming decades, this research work is directed at developing diesel engine-Gasifier integrated systems to operate on renewable fuels. In the present work, to make the diesel engine completely independent of fossil fuel, the diesel fuel was replaced by Honge oil methyl ester and Producer Gas. The non edible fuel mainly consists of biodiesel derived from Honge oil called Honge oil Methyl Ester [HOME]. The main biomass sources for Producer Gas generation are obtained from both ordinary and Honge wood. The proposed work therefore involves development of a system completely independent of diesel fuel with biodiesel derived from non-edible oil i.e., Honge oil and Producer Gas operation. In the study different carburetors were designed and developed to check the suitability of the Producer Gas and air mixing. Carburetors of Y- shaped, basic and parallel Gas entry were considered for the study. The parallel flow carburetor operated biodiesel-Gasifier dual fuel engine results in better performance compared to Y-shaped and basic carburetor system. The parallel carburetor ensures stoichiometric air and Producer Gas mixing compared to Y-shaped carburetor. Honge wood results in poor performance than the babul wood because of its lower density, higher moisture content and lower calorific value resulting in poorer quality of the Gas.
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combustion characteristics of a 4 stroke ci engine operated on honge oil neem and rice bran oils when directly injected and dual fuelled with Producer Gas induction
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: N R Banapurmath, V.s. Yaliwal, Satish Kambalimath, P.g. Tewari, Y H BasavarajappaAbstract:Energy is an essential requirement for economic and social development of any country. Sky rocketing of petroleum fuel costs in present day has led to growing interest in alternative fuels like vegetable oils, alcoholic fuels, CNG, LPG, Producer Gas, bioGas in order to provide a suitable substitute to diesel for a compression ignition (CI) engine. The vegetable oils present a very promising alternative fuel to diesel oil since they are renewable, biodegradable and clean burning fuel having similar properties as that of diesel. They offer almost same power output with slightly lower thermal efficiency due to their lower energy content compared to diesel. Utilization of Producer Gas in CI engine on dual fuel mode provides an effective approach towards conservation of diesel fuel. Gasification involves conversion of solid biomass into combustible Gases which completes combustion in a CI engines. Hence the Producer Gas can act as promising alternative fuel and it has high octane number (100–105) and calorific value (5–6MJ/Nm3). Because of its simpler structure with low carbon content results in substantial reduction of exhaust emission. Downdraft moving bed Gasifier coupled with compression ignition engine are a good choice for moderate quantities of available mass up to 500kW of electrical power. Hence bio-derived Gas and vegetable liquids appear more attractive in view of their friendly environmental nature. Experiments have been conducted on a single cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection, water-cooled CI engine operated in single fuel mode using Honge, Neem and Rice Bran oils. In dual fuel mode combinations of Producer Gas and three oils were used at different injection timings and injection pressures.
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combustion characteristics of a 4 stroke ci engine operated on honge oil neem and rice bran oils when directly injected and dual fuelled with Producer Gas induction
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: N R Banapurmath, V.s. Yaliwal, Satish Kambalimath, P.g. Tewari, Y H BasavarajappaAbstract:Abstract Energy is an essential requirement for economic and social development of any country. Sky rocketing of petroleum fuel costs in present day has led to growing interest in alternative fuels like vegetable oils, alcoholic fuels, CNG, LPG, Producer Gas, bioGas in order to provide a suitable substitute to diesel for a compression ignition (CI) engine. The vegetable oils present a very promising alternative fuel to diesel oil since they are renewable, biodegradable and clean burning fuel having similar properties as that of diesel. They offer almost same power output with slightly lower thermal efficiency due to their lower energy content compared to diesel. Utilization of Producer Gas in CI engine on dual fuel mode provides an effective approach towards conservation of diesel fuel. Gasification involves conversion of solid biomass into combustible Gases which completes combustion in a CI engines. Hence the Producer Gas can act as promising alternative fuel and it has high octane number (100–105) and calorific value (5–6 MJ/Nm 3 ). Because of its simpler structure with low carbon content results in substantial reduction of exhaust emission. Downdraft moving bed Gasifier coupled with compression ignition engine are a good choice for moderate quantities of available mass up to 500 kW of electrical power. Hence bio-derived Gas and vegetable liquids appear more attractive in view of their friendly environmental nature. Experiments have been conducted on a single cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection, water-cooled CI engine operated in single fuel mode using Honge, Neem and Rice Bran oils. In dual fuel mode combinations of Producer Gas and three oils were used at different injection timings and injection pressures. Dual fuel mode of operation resulted in poor performance at all the loads when compared with single fuel mode at all injection timings tested. However, the brake thermal efficiency is improved marginally when the injection timing was advanced. Decreased smoke, NO x emissions and increased CO emissions were observed for dual fuel mode for all the fuel combinations compared to single fuel operation.
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comparative performance studies of a 4 stroke ci engine operated on dual fuel mode with Producer Gas and honge oil and its methyl ester home with and without carburetor
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: N R Banapurmath, P.g. TewariAbstract:In order to meet the energy requirements, there has been growing interest in alternative fuels like biodiesels, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, bioGas, hydrogen and Producer Gas to provide a suitable diesel oil substitute for internal combustion engines. Biomass is basically composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. A proximate analysis of biomass indicates the volatile matter to be between 60–80% and 20–25% carbon and the rest, ash. The first part of sub-stoichiometric oxidation leads to the loss of volatiles from biomass and is exothermic; it results in peak temperatures of 1400–1500K and generation of Gaseous products like carbon monoxide, hydrogen in some proportions and carbon dioxide and water vapor, which in turn are reduced in part to carbon monoxide and hydrogen by the hot bed of charcoal generated during the process of Gasification. Therefore, solid biomass can be converted into a mixture of combustible Gases, and subsequently utilized for combustion in a CI engine. Producer Gas, if used in dual fuel mode, is an excellent substitute for reducing the amount of diesel consumed by the CI engine. Downdraft moving bed Gasifiers coupled with an IC engine are a good choice for moderate quantities of available biomass, up to 500kW of electric power. Vegetable oils present a very promising alternative to diesel oil since they are renewable and have similar properties. Vegetable oils offer almost the same power output with slightly lower thermal efficiency when used in diesel engines [1–7]. Research in this direction with edible oils have yielded encouraging results, but their use as fuel for diesel engines has limited applications due to higher domestic requirement [8–10]. In view of this, Honge oil (Pongamia Pinnata Linn) is selected and its viscosity is reduced by the transesterification process to obtain Honge oil methyl ester (HOME). Since vegetable oils produce higher smoke emissions, dual fuel operation could be adopted in order to improve their performance. A Gas carburetor was suitably designed to maximize the engine performance in dual fuel mode with Honge oil–Producer Gas and HOME–Producer Gas respectively. Thus bio-derived Gas and vegetable oil, when used in a dual fuel mode with carburetor, resulted in better performance with reduced emissions.
Z. A. Zainal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterization and challenge of development of Producer Gas fuel combustor a review
Journal of The Energy Institute, 2019Co-Authors: Lemthong Chanphavong, Z. A. ZainalAbstract:Abstract Producer Gas, which derived from a biomass Gasification process, is considered as one of the alternative fuels, which is suitable for the heating process and power generation. Due to low heating density and impurities, combustion in an external combustion chamber constitutes an obvious option for the utilization of Producer Gas via the combustion process. This paper reviews the technical challenges and the development of the Producer Gas combustor. Various combustion techniques are reviewed. A stable flame combustion with low emissions (both CO and NOx) constitutes a main requirement of the Producer Gas combustion. Flame stabilization techniques such as swirl-vane coupled with bluff-body, swirl flow configuration, and staging combustion were successfully employed to enhance the stability and performance of the Producer Gas combustion. As shown in the results of the studies, the combustion process can operate in a wide range of equivalence ratios with the exhaust Gas temperature >600 °C. This temperature is sufficiently hot for the power generation and heating applications. Overall, NOx and CO emissions were below 700 ppm and 1.3%, respectively. In the flameless combustion mode, ultra-low emission for both CO and NOx were recorded. However, higher emission can be found when operated at a higher thermal load combustor. Homogeneity of the thermal field and low polluting emissions make flameless combustion a promising lean and clean combustion technology. Integration of the benefits of flameless combustion and Producer Gas fuel is an outstanding contribution in reducing emissions and enhancing the efficiency of the combustion systems.
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the fate of sofc anodes under biomass Producer Gas contaminants
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017Co-Authors: Zia Ud Din, Z. A. ZainalAbstract:Abstract Biomass Gasification integrated with Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) offers a tremendous opportunity to generate highly efficient power in sustainable and environmental friendly manner. The comprehensive survey of the up-to-date literature on the influence of Producer Gas contaminants (particulates, alkali metals, tar, H2S and HCl) on SOFC anodes presented in this review reveals that state-of-the-art Ni/YSZ anodes are less tolerant to the contaminants and more stringent cleaning is required for them as compared to Ni/GDC anodes, while other anodes have been scarcely studied. The most striking finding is that Ni/GDC anodes seem to be rather more tolerant to the contaminants as recently understood. This remarkable opportunity needs to be further explored via detailed experiments which would lead to design the economically viable Gas cleaning systems. The available Gas cleaning technologies are also analysed and the most suitable cleaning options for each of the contaminant are suggested.
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performance and chemical composition of waste palm cooking oil as scrubbing medium for tar removal from biomass Producer Gas
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Nor Azlina Ahmad, Z. A. ZainalAbstract:Abstract Producer Gas, a product of biomass Gasification contains not only combustible Gases but also tar which is an unwanted and detrimental substance to downstream applications. This paper presents a study on tar removal using laboratory prepared waste palm cooking oil (LWPCO), restaurant collected waste palm cooking oil (CWPCO), diesel oil and water as scrubbing mediums. The experiment succeeded in removing class 4 tar using diesel oil and CWPCO as scrubbing mediums. The unsaturated hydrocarbons (oleic and linoleic acids) present in the CWPCO resulted in the highest tar removal efficiency of 86% (excluding benzene). Besides utilizing unused residual material, application of CWPCO for tar removal can reduce operational cost. Combination of CWPCO with activated carbon provides a high quality Producer Gas with tar content of 0.022 gm n −3 and tar removal efficiency of 98%, which can be safely used in internal combustion engines (ICE).
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experimental investigation of submerged flame in packed bed porous media burner fueled by low heating value Producer Gas
Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2015Co-Authors: K A Alattab, John Chung Ho, Z. A. ZainalAbstract:Combustion inefficiencies and high pollutants emissions keep motivating researchers to enhance combustion technology. Producer Gas fuel from biomass Gasification with its low heating value and high CO content requires a special combustor design for efficient burning. Porous media burner (PMB) has been widely investigated and proven to be well suited for low heating value fuels lean combustion. This study aims at performance investigation of PMB fueled by Producer Gas from biomass Gasification. A downdraft Gasifier system along with a PMB burner and heat recovery unit has been developed. The PMB comprises two layers of 10 mm and 20 mm diameter upper and lower alumina spheres packed, respectively. With PG heating value of about 5 MJ/m3, lean to ultra lean stable combustion was achieved with equivalence ratios (Φ) in the range of 0.33 < Φ < 0.71. Combustion layer temperature was in the range of 1300–1550 K. The lowest recorded emissions from the PMB were 6 ppm and 230 ppm for CO and NOx respectively. The heat recovered from the burner was utilized in hot air production of 7 kWth that can be used for drying process in small industries. Maximum heat recovery heat exchanger effectiveness was about 93% with overall system efficiency of 54%.
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upgrading Producer Gas quality from rubber wood Gasification in a radio frequency tar thermocatalytic treatment reactor
Bioresource Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Samsudin Anis, Z. A. ZainalAbstract:This study focused on improving the Producer Gas quality using radio frequency (RF) tar thermocatalytic treatment reactor. The Producer Gas containing tar, particles and water was directly passed at a particular flow rate into the RF reactor at various temperatures for catalytic and thermal treatments. Thermal treatment generates higher heating value of 5.76 MJ Nm(-3) at 1200°C. Catalytic treatments using both dolomite and Y-zeolite provide high tar and particles conversion efficiencies of about 97% on average. The result also showed that light poly-aromatic hydrocarbons especially naphthalene and aromatic compounds particularly benzene and toluene were still found even at higher reaction temperatures. Low energy intensive RF tar thermocatalytic treatment was found to be effective for upgrading the Producer Gas quality to meet the end user requirements and increasing its energy content.
V.s. Yaliwal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of hydrogen enriched Producer Gas (HPG) on the combustion characteristics of a CRDI diesel engine operated on dual-fuel mode using renewable and sustainable fuels
Fuel, 2020Co-Authors: Sushrut S. Halewadimath, Nagaraj R. Banapurmath, V.s. Yaliwal, A.m. SajjanAbstract:Abstract In the present experimental investigation, an effort has been made to enhance the performance of a Producer Gas fueled diesel engine. In this present work, Producer Gas was being mixed with hydrogen with a flow rate of 8 lpm. To harness maximum performance, CRDI diesel engine was operated at four injection timings in the range from 0 (TDC) to 15 deg., before top dead center (bTDC) and varied in steps of 5. Similarly, injection pressures were varied in the range of 600 to 1000 bar in steps of 200. In the first phase of the work, influence of common rail direct injection system (CRDIS) on the performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder four stroke water cooled compression ignition (CI) engine operated on dual-fuel mode using neem oil methyl ester (NeOME) and hydrogen enriched Producer Gas (HPG) have been investigated. Results obtained were compared to the engine operation with conventional mechanical fuel injection system (CMFIS). Subsequently in the next phase of the work; influence of combustion chamber for optimum performance was investigated. In order to match proper combustion chamber for optimum fuel injection timing (FIT) and fuel injection pressure (FIP), two types of combustion chambers such as hemispherical (HCC) and re-entrant configurations (RCC) were used. Results of investigation on NeOME-HPG operation with RCC and optimized conditions showed 3.02% increased brake thermal efficiency with 22.4% reduced smoke, 12.2% reduced HC, 10.8% reduced CO, and 18.6% increased NOx levels compared to the same fuel combination with HCC. Further, increased cylinder pressure and HRR were observed with RCC. Investigation with NeOME-enriched PGwith hydrogen based dualfuel operation showed satisfactory engine operation.
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simultaneous optimization of multiple operating engine parameters of a biodiesel Producer Gas operated compression ignition ci engine coupled with hydrogen using response surface methodology
Renewable Energy, 2019Co-Authors: V.s. Yaliwal, N R Banapurmath, V N Gaitonde, M D MalipatilAbstract:Abstract This present work highlights the influence of injection timing (IT), injector opening pressure (IOP) and compression ratio (CR) on the combustion characteristics of a diesel engine operated on renewable and sustainable fuels. In this research work an effort has been made to enhance the combustion of fuel combination in a diesel engine with addition of carbon free hydrogen and in the direction of lowering the exhaust emission levels. Experimental investigations have been carried out to study the combustion and exhaust characteristics of a single cylinder, four stroke, direct injection (DI) diesel engine operated on Tri-fuel mode using Honge seed oil methyl ester (HsOME) as the injected fuel and Producer Gas-hydrogen mixture as the inducted fuel. . To minimize the number of experiments full factorial design (FFD) has been adopted. The response surface methodology (RSM) based quadratic models obtained through FFD have been established between the parameters and proposed characteristics. With hydrogen addition, response surface analysis showed that increasing CR, IOP with advanced IT significantly improves the combustion of HsOME-Producer Gas fueled diesel engine in terms of the enhanced brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and reduced carbon based emission levels (Smoke opacity, Carbon monoxide, Hydrocarbon) except the nitric oxide (NOx) emissions. Further combustion parameters such as Ignition delay (ID), and combustion duration were lowered with hydrogen addition, advanced IT, increased IOP and CR. In addition peak pressure and heat release rate (HRR) were found to be higher compared to base fuel combination.
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Effect of Wood Type and Carburetor on the Performance of Producer Gas-Biodiesel Operated Dual Fuel Engines
Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2011Co-Authors: Nagaraj R. Banapurmath, V.s. Yaliwal, Satish Kambalimath, Anand M. Hunashyal, P.g. TewariAbstract:Modern compression ignition engines combine excellent fuel efficiency with high power output, and have the ability to use high quality renewable fuels, which can be produced efficiently from biomass. With regards to the progressively stringent emission legislation in the automotive sector and the need to reduce greenhouse Gas emissions over the coming decades, this research work is directed at developing diesel engine-Gasifier integrated systems to operate on renewable fuels. In the present work, to make the diesel engine completely independent of fossil fuel, the diesel fuel was replaced by Honge oil methyl ester and Producer Gas. The non edible fuel mainly consists of biodiesel derived from Honge oil called Honge oil Methyl Ester [HOME]. The main biomass sources for Producer Gas generation are obtained from both ordinary and Honge wood. The proposed work therefore involves development of a system completely independent of diesel fuel with biodiesel derived from non-edible oil i.e., Honge oil and Producer Gas operation. In the study different carburetors were designed and developed to check the suitability of the Producer Gas and air mixing. Carburetors of Y- shaped, basic and parallel Gas entry were considered for the study. The parallel flow carburetor operated biodiesel-Gasifier dual fuel engine results in better performance compared to Y-shaped and basic carburetor system. The parallel carburetor ensures stoichiometric air and Producer Gas mixing compared to Y-shaped carburetor. Honge wood results in poor performance than the babul wood because of its lower density, higher moisture content and lower calorific value resulting in poorer quality of the Gas.
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combustion characteristics of a 4 stroke ci engine operated on honge oil neem and rice bran oils when directly injected and dual fuelled with Producer Gas induction
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: N R Banapurmath, V.s. Yaliwal, Satish Kambalimath, P.g. Tewari, Y H BasavarajappaAbstract:Energy is an essential requirement for economic and social development of any country. Sky rocketing of petroleum fuel costs in present day has led to growing interest in alternative fuels like vegetable oils, alcoholic fuels, CNG, LPG, Producer Gas, bioGas in order to provide a suitable substitute to diesel for a compression ignition (CI) engine. The vegetable oils present a very promising alternative fuel to diesel oil since they are renewable, biodegradable and clean burning fuel having similar properties as that of diesel. They offer almost same power output with slightly lower thermal efficiency due to their lower energy content compared to diesel. Utilization of Producer Gas in CI engine on dual fuel mode provides an effective approach towards conservation of diesel fuel. Gasification involves conversion of solid biomass into combustible Gases which completes combustion in a CI engines. Hence the Producer Gas can act as promising alternative fuel and it has high octane number (100–105) and calorific value (5–6MJ/Nm3). Because of its simpler structure with low carbon content results in substantial reduction of exhaust emission. Downdraft moving bed Gasifier coupled with compression ignition engine are a good choice for moderate quantities of available mass up to 500kW of electrical power. Hence bio-derived Gas and vegetable liquids appear more attractive in view of their friendly environmental nature. Experiments have been conducted on a single cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection, water-cooled CI engine operated in single fuel mode using Honge, Neem and Rice Bran oils. In dual fuel mode combinations of Producer Gas and three oils were used at different injection timings and injection pressures.
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combustion characteristics of a 4 stroke ci engine operated on honge oil neem and rice bran oils when directly injected and dual fuelled with Producer Gas induction
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: N R Banapurmath, V.s. Yaliwal, Satish Kambalimath, P.g. Tewari, Y H BasavarajappaAbstract:Abstract Energy is an essential requirement for economic and social development of any country. Sky rocketing of petroleum fuel costs in present day has led to growing interest in alternative fuels like vegetable oils, alcoholic fuels, CNG, LPG, Producer Gas, bioGas in order to provide a suitable substitute to diesel for a compression ignition (CI) engine. The vegetable oils present a very promising alternative fuel to diesel oil since they are renewable, biodegradable and clean burning fuel having similar properties as that of diesel. They offer almost same power output with slightly lower thermal efficiency due to their lower energy content compared to diesel. Utilization of Producer Gas in CI engine on dual fuel mode provides an effective approach towards conservation of diesel fuel. Gasification involves conversion of solid biomass into combustible Gases which completes combustion in a CI engines. Hence the Producer Gas can act as promising alternative fuel and it has high octane number (100–105) and calorific value (5–6 MJ/Nm 3 ). Because of its simpler structure with low carbon content results in substantial reduction of exhaust emission. Downdraft moving bed Gasifier coupled with compression ignition engine are a good choice for moderate quantities of available mass up to 500 kW of electrical power. Hence bio-derived Gas and vegetable liquids appear more attractive in view of their friendly environmental nature. Experiments have been conducted on a single cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection, water-cooled CI engine operated in single fuel mode using Honge, Neem and Rice Bran oils. In dual fuel mode combinations of Producer Gas and three oils were used at different injection timings and injection pressures. Dual fuel mode of operation resulted in poor performance at all the loads when compared with single fuel mode at all injection timings tested. However, the brake thermal efficiency is improved marginally when the injection timing was advanced. Decreased smoke, NO x emissions and increased CO emissions were observed for dual fuel mode for all the fuel combinations compared to single fuel operation.
