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Olga Trivailo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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review of hardware cost estimation methods models and tools applied to early phases of space mission planning
Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2012Co-Authors: Olga Trivailo, Martin Sippel, Y A şekerciogluAbstract:The primary purpose of this paper is to review currently existing cost estimation methods, models, tools and resources applicable to the space sector. While key space sector methods are outlined, a specific focus is placed on hardware cost estimation on a system level, particularly for early mission phases during which specifications and requirements are not yet crystallised, and information is limited. For the space industry, cost engineering within the systems engineering framework is an integral discipline. The cost of any space Program now constitutes a stringent design criterion, which must be considered and carefully controlled during the entire Program life cycle. A first step to any Program Budget is a representative cost estimate which usually hinges on a particular estimation approach, or methodology. Therefore appropriate selection of specific cost models, methods and tools is paramount, a difficult task given the highly variable nature, scope as well as scientific and technical requirements applicable to each Program. Numerous methods, models and tools exist. However new ways are needed to address very early, pre-Phase 0 cost estimation during the initial Program research and establishment phase when system specifications are limited, but the available research Budget needs to be established and defined. Due to their specificity, for vehicles such as reusable launchers with a manned capability, a lack of historical data implies that using either the classic heuristic approach such as parametric cost estimation based on underlying CERs, or the analogy approach, is therefore, by definition, limited. This review identifies prominent cost estimation models applied to the space sector, and their underlying cost driving parameters and factors. Strengths, weaknesses, and suitability to specific mission types and classes are also highlighted. Current approaches which strategically amalgamate various cost estimation strategies both for formulation and validation of an estimate, and techniques and/or methods to attain representative and justifiable cost estimates are consequently discussed. Ultimately, the aim of the paper is to establish a baseline for development of a non-commercial, low cost, transparent cost estimation methodology to be applied during very early Program research phases at a complete vehicle system level, for largely unprecedented manned launch vehicles in the future. This paper takes the first step to achieving this through the identification, analysis and understanding of established, existing techniques, models, tools and resources relevant within the space sector.
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review of hardware cost estimation methods models and tools applied to early phases of space mission planning
Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2012Co-Authors: Olga Trivailo, Martin Sippel, Y A şekerciogluAbstract:The primary purpose of this paper is to review currently existing cost estimation methods, models, tools and resources applicable to the space sector. While key space sector methods are outlined, a specific focus is placed on hardware cost estimation on a system level, particularly for early mission phases during which specifications and requirements are not yet crystallised, and information is limited. For the space industry, cost engineering within the systems engineering framework is an integral discipline. The cost of any space Program now constitutes a stringent design criterion, which must be considered and carefully controlled during the entire Program life cycle. A first step to any Program Budget is a representative cost estimate which usually hinges on a particular estimation approach, or methodology. Therefore appropriate selection of specific cost models, methods and tools is paramount, a difficult task given the highly variable nature, scope as well as scientific and technical requirements applicable to each Program. Numerous methods, models and tools exist. However new ways are needed to address very early, pre-Phase 0 cost estimation during the initial Program research and establishment phase when system specifications are limited, but the available research Budget needs to be established and defined. Due to their specificity, for vehicles such as reusable launchers with a manned capability, a lack of historical data implies that using either the classic heuristic approach such as parametric cost estimation based on underlying CERs, or the analogy approach, is therefore, by definition, limited. This review identifies prominent cost estimation models applied to the space sector, and their underlying cost driving parameters and factors. Strengths, weaknesses, and suitability to specific mission types and classes are also highlighted. Current approaches which strategically amalgamate various cost estimation strategies both for formulation and validation of an estimate, and techniques and/or methods to attain representative and justifiable cost estimates are consequently discussed. Ultimately, the aim of the paper is to establish a baseline for development of a non-commercial, low cost, transparent cost estimation methodology to be applied during very early Program research phases at a complete vehicle system level, for largely unprecedented manned launch vehicles in the future. This paper takes the first step to achieving this through the identification, analysis and understanding of established, existing techniques, models, tools and resources relevant within the space sector.
Chacón Rojas, Lenny Ednita - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gestión de contingencia para el financiamiento del empleo temporal del Programa Trabaja Perú y su incidencia en el fortalecimiento del Ministerio de Trabajo y Promoción del Empleo
Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2016Co-Authors: Chacón Rojas, Lenny EdnitaAbstract:TesisThe Ministry of Labour created by Supreme Decree No. 012-2011-TR, the Program works Peru; Modified Supreme Decree No. 004-2012-TR, Article 1 of Supreme Decree No. 012-2011-TR in the following terms: "Create the Programme for Social Employment Generation Inclusive" Work Peru ", in order to generate employment, and promote sustained employment and quality of unemployed and underemployed urban and rural areas, living in poverty and extreme poverty "; inclusive social Program that would work to tackle unemployment or non-inertial nature of urban vulnerable population; this implies that the Program Budget should expand coverage to the occurrence of an economic crisis, a cyclical natural event, among other factors, and contract periods of economic expansion to meet the non-inertial or unnatural unemployment and support the vulnerable population shares upon the occurrence of natural disasters, weather cyclical effects under the Competition Project, and co-financing of public investment projects, used to pay unskilled labor, procurement of materials, tools and safety equipment kits in works of basic social and economic infrastructure in favor of the unemployed in condition poverty and extreme poverty in urban and rural areas, which is important for the action of contingency financing temporary employment, in order to influence the strengthening of the Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion, as a state policy, which unfortunately with this investigation found elevated indicators inefficiency in the management of contingency financing temporary employment, Peru Work Programme, negatively affecting the institutional strengthening of the Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion, lack of planning and should focus on update process activities and set guidelines to effective financing for the generation of temporary employment, thus allowing strengthened maintain the institutions of the Ministry in question, under the strict fulfillment of roles as government policy and that the interpretation and powers consistently applied
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Gestión de contingencia para el financiamiento del empleo temporal del Programa Trabaja Perú y su incidencia en el fortalecimiento del Ministerio de Trabajo y Promoción del Empleo
'Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.', 2016Co-Authors: Chacón Rojas, Lenny EdnitaAbstract:El Ministerio de Trabajo crea mediante Decreto Supremo N° 012-2011-TR, el Programa Trabaja Perú; Modificado con Decreto Supremo N° 004-2012-TR, el artículo 1 del Decreto Supremo Nº 012-2011-TR en los términos siguientes: "Créase el Programa para la Generación de Empleo Social Inclusivo "Trabaja Perú", con el objeto de generar empleo, y promover el empleo sostenido y de calidad en la población desempleada y subempleada de las áreas urbanas y rurales, en condición de pobreza y extrema pobreza"; dicho Programa Social Inclusivo, funcionaría para afrontar el desempleo no inercial o no natural de la población vulnerable urbana; ello implica que el Programa deba expandirse en presupuesto y cobertura ante la ocurrencia de una crisis económica, un evento natural cíclico, entre otros factores, y contraer los períodos de expansión económica para afrontar el desempleo no inercial o no natural de la población vulnerable y apoyar acciones ante la ocurrencia de desastres naturales, por efectos climatológicos cíclicos, bajo el Concurso de Proyectos, y el cofinanciamiento de proyectos de inversión pública, destinado al pago de mano de obra no calificada, adquisición de materiales, herramientas y kits de implementos de seguridad, en obras de infraestructura básica, social y económica, en favor de la población desempleada en condición de pobreza y pobreza extrema, en zonas urbanas y rurales, para lo cual es importante la acción de contingencia para el financiamiento del empleo temporal, a fin de incidir el fortalecimiento del Ministerio de Trabajo y Promoción del Empleo, como política de Estado, que lamentablemente con la presente investigación, se encontró indicadores elevados ineficiencia en la gestión de contingencia para el financiamiento del empleo temporal, del Programa Trabaja Perú, afectando negativamente al fortalecimiento institucional del Ministerio de Trabajo y Promoción del Empleo, por la falta de planificación, debiendo centrarse en la actualización de las actividades del proceso y establecer lineamientos que permitan el efectivo financiamiento para la generación del empleo temporal, y así permitir mantener fortalecida la institucionalidad del Ministerio en mención, bajo el cumplimiento estricto de roles como política de gobierno y que los poderes la interpreten y apliquen congruentemente.The Ministry of Labour created by Supreme Decree No. 012-2011-TR, the Program works Peru; Modified Supreme Decree No. 004-2012-TR, Article 1 of Supreme Decree No. 012-2011-TR in the following terms: "Create the Programme for Social Employment Generation Inclusive" Work Peru ", in order to generate employment, and promote sustained employment and quality of unemployed and underemployed urban and rural areas, living in poverty and extreme poverty "; inclusive social Program that would work to tackle unemployment or non-inertial nature of urban vulnerable population; this implies that the Program Budget should expand coverage to the occurrence of an economic crisis, a cyclical natural event, among other factors, and contract periods of economic expansion to meet the non-inertial or unnatural unemployment and support the vulnerable population shares upon the occurrence of natural disasters, weather cyclical effects under the Competition Project, and co-financing of public investment projects, used to pay unskilled labor, procurement of materials, tools and safety equipment kits in works of basic social and economic infrastructure in favor of the unemployed in condition poverty and extreme poverty in urban and rural areas, which is important for the action of contingency financing temporary employment, in order to influence the strengthening of the Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion, as a state policy, which unfortunately with this investigation found elevated indicators inefficiency in the management of contingency financing temporary employment, Peru Work Programme, negatively affecting the institutional strengthening of the Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion, lack of planning and should focus on update process activities and set guidelines to effective financing for the generation of temporary employment, thus allowing strengthened maintain the institutions of the Ministry in question, under the strict fulfillment of roles as government policy and that the interpretation and powers consistently applied.Tesi
Y A şekercioglu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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review of hardware cost estimation methods models and tools applied to early phases of space mission planning
Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2012Co-Authors: Olga Trivailo, Martin Sippel, Y A şekerciogluAbstract:The primary purpose of this paper is to review currently existing cost estimation methods, models, tools and resources applicable to the space sector. While key space sector methods are outlined, a specific focus is placed on hardware cost estimation on a system level, particularly for early mission phases during which specifications and requirements are not yet crystallised, and information is limited. For the space industry, cost engineering within the systems engineering framework is an integral discipline. The cost of any space Program now constitutes a stringent design criterion, which must be considered and carefully controlled during the entire Program life cycle. A first step to any Program Budget is a representative cost estimate which usually hinges on a particular estimation approach, or methodology. Therefore appropriate selection of specific cost models, methods and tools is paramount, a difficult task given the highly variable nature, scope as well as scientific and technical requirements applicable to each Program. Numerous methods, models and tools exist. However new ways are needed to address very early, pre-Phase 0 cost estimation during the initial Program research and establishment phase when system specifications are limited, but the available research Budget needs to be established and defined. Due to their specificity, for vehicles such as reusable launchers with a manned capability, a lack of historical data implies that using either the classic heuristic approach such as parametric cost estimation based on underlying CERs, or the analogy approach, is therefore, by definition, limited. This review identifies prominent cost estimation models applied to the space sector, and their underlying cost driving parameters and factors. Strengths, weaknesses, and suitability to specific mission types and classes are also highlighted. Current approaches which strategically amalgamate various cost estimation strategies both for formulation and validation of an estimate, and techniques and/or methods to attain representative and justifiable cost estimates are consequently discussed. Ultimately, the aim of the paper is to establish a baseline for development of a non-commercial, low cost, transparent cost estimation methodology to be applied during very early Program research phases at a complete vehicle system level, for largely unprecedented manned launch vehicles in the future. This paper takes the first step to achieving this through the identification, analysis and understanding of established, existing techniques, models, tools and resources relevant within the space sector.
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review of hardware cost estimation methods models and tools applied to early phases of space mission planning
Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2012Co-Authors: Olga Trivailo, Martin Sippel, Y A şekerciogluAbstract:The primary purpose of this paper is to review currently existing cost estimation methods, models, tools and resources applicable to the space sector. While key space sector methods are outlined, a specific focus is placed on hardware cost estimation on a system level, particularly for early mission phases during which specifications and requirements are not yet crystallised, and information is limited. For the space industry, cost engineering within the systems engineering framework is an integral discipline. The cost of any space Program now constitutes a stringent design criterion, which must be considered and carefully controlled during the entire Program life cycle. A first step to any Program Budget is a representative cost estimate which usually hinges on a particular estimation approach, or methodology. Therefore appropriate selection of specific cost models, methods and tools is paramount, a difficult task given the highly variable nature, scope as well as scientific and technical requirements applicable to each Program. Numerous methods, models and tools exist. However new ways are needed to address very early, pre-Phase 0 cost estimation during the initial Program research and establishment phase when system specifications are limited, but the available research Budget needs to be established and defined. Due to their specificity, for vehicles such as reusable launchers with a manned capability, a lack of historical data implies that using either the classic heuristic approach such as parametric cost estimation based on underlying CERs, or the analogy approach, is therefore, by definition, limited. This review identifies prominent cost estimation models applied to the space sector, and their underlying cost driving parameters and factors. Strengths, weaknesses, and suitability to specific mission types and classes are also highlighted. Current approaches which strategically amalgamate various cost estimation strategies both for formulation and validation of an estimate, and techniques and/or methods to attain representative and justifiable cost estimates are consequently discussed. Ultimately, the aim of the paper is to establish a baseline for development of a non-commercial, low cost, transparent cost estimation methodology to be applied during very early Program research phases at a complete vehicle system level, for largely unprecedented manned launch vehicles in the future. This paper takes the first step to achieving this through the identification, analysis and understanding of established, existing techniques, models, tools and resources relevant within the space sector.
Martin Sippel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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review of hardware cost estimation methods models and tools applied to early phases of space mission planning
Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2012Co-Authors: Olga Trivailo, Martin Sippel, Y A şekerciogluAbstract:The primary purpose of this paper is to review currently existing cost estimation methods, models, tools and resources applicable to the space sector. While key space sector methods are outlined, a specific focus is placed on hardware cost estimation on a system level, particularly for early mission phases during which specifications and requirements are not yet crystallised, and information is limited. For the space industry, cost engineering within the systems engineering framework is an integral discipline. The cost of any space Program now constitutes a stringent design criterion, which must be considered and carefully controlled during the entire Program life cycle. A first step to any Program Budget is a representative cost estimate which usually hinges on a particular estimation approach, or methodology. Therefore appropriate selection of specific cost models, methods and tools is paramount, a difficult task given the highly variable nature, scope as well as scientific and technical requirements applicable to each Program. Numerous methods, models and tools exist. However new ways are needed to address very early, pre-Phase 0 cost estimation during the initial Program research and establishment phase when system specifications are limited, but the available research Budget needs to be established and defined. Due to their specificity, for vehicles such as reusable launchers with a manned capability, a lack of historical data implies that using either the classic heuristic approach such as parametric cost estimation based on underlying CERs, or the analogy approach, is therefore, by definition, limited. This review identifies prominent cost estimation models applied to the space sector, and their underlying cost driving parameters and factors. Strengths, weaknesses, and suitability to specific mission types and classes are also highlighted. Current approaches which strategically amalgamate various cost estimation strategies both for formulation and validation of an estimate, and techniques and/or methods to attain representative and justifiable cost estimates are consequently discussed. Ultimately, the aim of the paper is to establish a baseline for development of a non-commercial, low cost, transparent cost estimation methodology to be applied during very early Program research phases at a complete vehicle system level, for largely unprecedented manned launch vehicles in the future. This paper takes the first step to achieving this through the identification, analysis and understanding of established, existing techniques, models, tools and resources relevant within the space sector.
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review of hardware cost estimation methods models and tools applied to early phases of space mission planning
Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2012Co-Authors: Olga Trivailo, Martin Sippel, Y A şekerciogluAbstract:The primary purpose of this paper is to review currently existing cost estimation methods, models, tools and resources applicable to the space sector. While key space sector methods are outlined, a specific focus is placed on hardware cost estimation on a system level, particularly for early mission phases during which specifications and requirements are not yet crystallised, and information is limited. For the space industry, cost engineering within the systems engineering framework is an integral discipline. The cost of any space Program now constitutes a stringent design criterion, which must be considered and carefully controlled during the entire Program life cycle. A first step to any Program Budget is a representative cost estimate which usually hinges on a particular estimation approach, or methodology. Therefore appropriate selection of specific cost models, methods and tools is paramount, a difficult task given the highly variable nature, scope as well as scientific and technical requirements applicable to each Program. Numerous methods, models and tools exist. However new ways are needed to address very early, pre-Phase 0 cost estimation during the initial Program research and establishment phase when system specifications are limited, but the available research Budget needs to be established and defined. Due to their specificity, for vehicles such as reusable launchers with a manned capability, a lack of historical data implies that using either the classic heuristic approach such as parametric cost estimation based on underlying CERs, or the analogy approach, is therefore, by definition, limited. This review identifies prominent cost estimation models applied to the space sector, and their underlying cost driving parameters and factors. Strengths, weaknesses, and suitability to specific mission types and classes are also highlighted. Current approaches which strategically amalgamate various cost estimation strategies both for formulation and validation of an estimate, and techniques and/or methods to attain representative and justifiable cost estimates are consequently discussed. Ultimately, the aim of the paper is to establish a baseline for development of a non-commercial, low cost, transparent cost estimation methodology to be applied during very early Program research phases at a complete vehicle system level, for largely unprecedented manned launch vehicles in the future. This paper takes the first step to achieving this through the identification, analysis and understanding of established, existing techniques, models, tools and resources relevant within the space sector.
Robert M Mcnab - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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implementing Program Budgeting in the serbian ministry of defense
Public Budgeting & Finance, 2011Co-Authors: Robert M McnabAbstract:The Republic of Serbia's Ministry of Defense (MoD) is attempting to implement a Program-oriented, multi-year Budgeting system in 2010. This paper reveals several challenges that threaten the success of this initiative. First, we find that the proposed Budget system confuses organizations and Programs. Second, there does not appear to be a centrally coordinated effort to implement Program Budgeting, leading to significant disparities in comprehension, organization, and implementation amongst the subordinate commands in MoD. Finally, there is a distinct lack of communication within the MoD regarding the necessity of a Program Budget and how the process should move forward. These issues inhibit the implementation of Program Budgeting in the MoD and diminish the possible gains associated with the multi-year, Programmatic allocation of defense resources.