The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Markus Wolf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first person Pronoun use in spoken language as a predictor of future depressive symptoms preliminary evidence from a clinical sample of depressed patients
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Timo Brockmeyer, Matthias Hunn, Henning Schauenburg, Markus WolfAbstract:Several theories suggest that self-focused attention plays an important role in the maintenance of depression. However, previous studies have predominantly relied on self-report and laboratory-based measures such as sentence completion tasks to assess individual differences in self-focus. We present a prospective, longitudinal study based on a sample of 29 inpatients with clinical depression, investigating whether an implicit, behavioural measure of self-focused attention, i.e., the relative frequency of first-person singular Pronouns in naturally spoken language, predicts depressive symptoms at follow-up over and above initial depression. We did not find a significant cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and first-person singular Pronoun use. However, first-person singular Pronoun use significantly predicted depressive symptoms approximately 8 months later, even after controlling for depressive symptoms at baseline or discharge. Exploratory analyses revealed that this effect was mainly driven by the use of objective and possessive self-references such as ‘me’ or ‘my’. Our findings are in line with theories that highlight individual differences in self-focused attention as a predictor of the course of depression. Moreover, our findings extend previous work in this field by adopting an unobtrusive approach of non-reactive assessment, capturing naturally occurring differences in self-focused attention. We discuss possible clinical applications of language-based assessments and interventions with regard to self-focus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message Naturally occurring individual differences in first-person singular Pronoun use provide an unobtrusive way to assess patients' automatic self-focused attention. Frequent use of first-person singular Pronouns predicts an unfavourable course of depression. Self-focused language might offer innovative ways of tracking and targeting therapeutic change.
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first person Pronoun use in spoken language as a predictor of future depressive symptoms preliminary evidence from a clinical sample of depressed patients
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Timo Brockmeyer, Matthias Hunn, Henning Schauenburg, Markus WolfAbstract:Several theories suggest that self-focused attention plays an important role in the maintenance of depression. However, previous studies have predominantly relied on self-report and laboratory-based measures such as sentence completion tasks to assess individual differences in self-focus. We present a prospective, longitudinal study based on a sample of 29 inpatients with clinical depression, investigating whether an implicit, behavioural measure of self-focused attention, i.e., the relative frequency of first-person singular Pronouns in naturally spoken language, predicts depressive symptoms at follow-up over and above initial depression. We did not find a significant cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and first-person singular Pronoun use. However, first-person singular Pronoun use significantly predicted depressive symptoms approximately 8 months later, even after controlling for depressive symptoms at baseline or discharge. Exploratory analyses revealed that this effect was mainly driven by the use of objective and possessive self-references such as ‘me’ or ‘my’. Our findings are in line with theories that highlight individual differences in self-focused attention as a predictor of the course of depression. Moreover, our findings extend previous work in this field by adopting an unobtrusive approach of non-reactive assessment, capturing naturally occurring differences in self-focused attention. We discuss possible clinical applications of language-based assessments and interventions with regard to self-focus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message Naturally occurring individual differences in first-person singular Pronoun use provide an unobtrusive way to assess patients' automatic self-focused attention. Frequent use of first-person singular Pronouns predicts an unfavourable course of depression. Self-focused language might offer innovative ways of tracking and targeting therapeutic change.
Johannes Zimmermann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first person Pronoun use in spoken language as a predictor of future depressive symptoms preliminary evidence from a clinical sample of depressed patients
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Timo Brockmeyer, Matthias Hunn, Henning Schauenburg, Markus WolfAbstract:Several theories suggest that self-focused attention plays an important role in the maintenance of depression. However, previous studies have predominantly relied on self-report and laboratory-based measures such as sentence completion tasks to assess individual differences in self-focus. We present a prospective, longitudinal study based on a sample of 29 inpatients with clinical depression, investigating whether an implicit, behavioural measure of self-focused attention, i.e., the relative frequency of first-person singular Pronouns in naturally spoken language, predicts depressive symptoms at follow-up over and above initial depression. We did not find a significant cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and first-person singular Pronoun use. However, first-person singular Pronoun use significantly predicted depressive symptoms approximately 8 months later, even after controlling for depressive symptoms at baseline or discharge. Exploratory analyses revealed that this effect was mainly driven by the use of objective and possessive self-references such as ‘me’ or ‘my’. Our findings are in line with theories that highlight individual differences in self-focused attention as a predictor of the course of depression. Moreover, our findings extend previous work in this field by adopting an unobtrusive approach of non-reactive assessment, capturing naturally occurring differences in self-focused attention. We discuss possible clinical applications of language-based assessments and interventions with regard to self-focus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message Naturally occurring individual differences in first-person singular Pronoun use provide an unobtrusive way to assess patients' automatic self-focused attention. Frequent use of first-person singular Pronouns predicts an unfavourable course of depression. Self-focused language might offer innovative ways of tracking and targeting therapeutic change.
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first person Pronoun use in spoken language as a predictor of future depressive symptoms preliminary evidence from a clinical sample of depressed patients
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Timo Brockmeyer, Matthias Hunn, Henning Schauenburg, Markus WolfAbstract:Several theories suggest that self-focused attention plays an important role in the maintenance of depression. However, previous studies have predominantly relied on self-report and laboratory-based measures such as sentence completion tasks to assess individual differences in self-focus. We present a prospective, longitudinal study based on a sample of 29 inpatients with clinical depression, investigating whether an implicit, behavioural measure of self-focused attention, i.e., the relative frequency of first-person singular Pronouns in naturally spoken language, predicts depressive symptoms at follow-up over and above initial depression. We did not find a significant cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and first-person singular Pronoun use. However, first-person singular Pronoun use significantly predicted depressive symptoms approximately 8 months later, even after controlling for depressive symptoms at baseline or discharge. Exploratory analyses revealed that this effect was mainly driven by the use of objective and possessive self-references such as ‘me’ or ‘my’. Our findings are in line with theories that highlight individual differences in self-focused attention as a predictor of the course of depression. Moreover, our findings extend previous work in this field by adopting an unobtrusive approach of non-reactive assessment, capturing naturally occurring differences in self-focused attention. We discuss possible clinical applications of language-based assessments and interventions with regard to self-focus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message Naturally occurring individual differences in first-person singular Pronoun use provide an unobtrusive way to assess patients' automatic self-focused attention. Frequent use of first-person singular Pronouns predicts an unfavourable course of depression. Self-focused language might offer innovative ways of tracking and targeting therapeutic change.
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me myself and i self referent word use as an indicator of self focused attention in relation to depression and anxiety
Frontiers in Psychology, 2015Co-Authors: Timo Brockmeyer, Johannes Zimmermann, Dominika Kulessa, Martin Hautzinger, Hinrich Bents, Hanschristoph Friederich, Wolfgang Herzog, Matthias BackenstrassAbstract:Self-focused attention (SFA) is considered a cognitive bias that is closely related to depression. However, it is not yet well understood whether it represents a disorder-specific or a trans-diagnostic phenomenon and which role the valence of a given context is playing in this regard. Computerized quantitative text-analysis offers an integrative psycho-linguistic approach that may help to provide new insights into these complex relationships. The relative frequency of first-person singular Pronouns in natural language is regarded as an objective, linguistic marker of SFA. Here we present two studies that examined the associations between SFA and symptoms of depression and anxiety in two different contexts (positive vs. negative valence), as well as the convergence between Pronoun-use and self-reported aspects of SFA. In the first study, we found that the use of first-person singular Pronouns during negative but not during positive memory recall was positively related to symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with anorexia nervosa with varying levels of co-morbid depression and anxiety. In the second study, we found the same pattern of results in non-depressed individuals. In addition, use of first-person singular Pronouns during negative memory recall was positively related to brooding (i.e., the assumed maladaptive sub-component of rumination) but not to reflection. These findings could not be replicated in two samples of depressed patients. However, non-chronically depressed patients used more first-person singular Pronouns than healthy controls, irrespective of context. Taken together, the findings lend partial support to theoretical models that emphasize the effects of context on self-focus and consider SFA as a relevant trans-diagnostic phenomenon. In addition, the present findings point to the construct validity of Pronoun-use as a linguistic marker of maladaptive self-focus.
Timo Brockmeyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first person Pronoun use in spoken language as a predictor of future depressive symptoms preliminary evidence from a clinical sample of depressed patients
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Timo Brockmeyer, Matthias Hunn, Henning Schauenburg, Markus WolfAbstract:Several theories suggest that self-focused attention plays an important role in the maintenance of depression. However, previous studies have predominantly relied on self-report and laboratory-based measures such as sentence completion tasks to assess individual differences in self-focus. We present a prospective, longitudinal study based on a sample of 29 inpatients with clinical depression, investigating whether an implicit, behavioural measure of self-focused attention, i.e., the relative frequency of first-person singular Pronouns in naturally spoken language, predicts depressive symptoms at follow-up over and above initial depression. We did not find a significant cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and first-person singular Pronoun use. However, first-person singular Pronoun use significantly predicted depressive symptoms approximately 8 months later, even after controlling for depressive symptoms at baseline or discharge. Exploratory analyses revealed that this effect was mainly driven by the use of objective and possessive self-references such as ‘me’ or ‘my’. Our findings are in line with theories that highlight individual differences in self-focused attention as a predictor of the course of depression. Moreover, our findings extend previous work in this field by adopting an unobtrusive approach of non-reactive assessment, capturing naturally occurring differences in self-focused attention. We discuss possible clinical applications of language-based assessments and interventions with regard to self-focus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message Naturally occurring individual differences in first-person singular Pronoun use provide an unobtrusive way to assess patients' automatic self-focused attention. Frequent use of first-person singular Pronouns predicts an unfavourable course of depression. Self-focused language might offer innovative ways of tracking and targeting therapeutic change.
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first person Pronoun use in spoken language as a predictor of future depressive symptoms preliminary evidence from a clinical sample of depressed patients
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Timo Brockmeyer, Matthias Hunn, Henning Schauenburg, Markus WolfAbstract:Several theories suggest that self-focused attention plays an important role in the maintenance of depression. However, previous studies have predominantly relied on self-report and laboratory-based measures such as sentence completion tasks to assess individual differences in self-focus. We present a prospective, longitudinal study based on a sample of 29 inpatients with clinical depression, investigating whether an implicit, behavioural measure of self-focused attention, i.e., the relative frequency of first-person singular Pronouns in naturally spoken language, predicts depressive symptoms at follow-up over and above initial depression. We did not find a significant cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and first-person singular Pronoun use. However, first-person singular Pronoun use significantly predicted depressive symptoms approximately 8 months later, even after controlling for depressive symptoms at baseline or discharge. Exploratory analyses revealed that this effect was mainly driven by the use of objective and possessive self-references such as ‘me’ or ‘my’. Our findings are in line with theories that highlight individual differences in self-focused attention as a predictor of the course of depression. Moreover, our findings extend previous work in this field by adopting an unobtrusive approach of non-reactive assessment, capturing naturally occurring differences in self-focused attention. We discuss possible clinical applications of language-based assessments and interventions with regard to self-focus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message Naturally occurring individual differences in first-person singular Pronoun use provide an unobtrusive way to assess patients' automatic self-focused attention. Frequent use of first-person singular Pronouns predicts an unfavourable course of depression. Self-focused language might offer innovative ways of tracking and targeting therapeutic change.
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me myself and i self referent word use as an indicator of self focused attention in relation to depression and anxiety
Frontiers in Psychology, 2015Co-Authors: Timo Brockmeyer, Johannes Zimmermann, Dominika Kulessa, Martin Hautzinger, Hinrich Bents, Hanschristoph Friederich, Wolfgang Herzog, Matthias BackenstrassAbstract:Self-focused attention (SFA) is considered a cognitive bias that is closely related to depression. However, it is not yet well understood whether it represents a disorder-specific or a trans-diagnostic phenomenon and which role the valence of a given context is playing in this regard. Computerized quantitative text-analysis offers an integrative psycho-linguistic approach that may help to provide new insights into these complex relationships. The relative frequency of first-person singular Pronouns in natural language is regarded as an objective, linguistic marker of SFA. Here we present two studies that examined the associations between SFA and symptoms of depression and anxiety in two different contexts (positive vs. negative valence), as well as the convergence between Pronoun-use and self-reported aspects of SFA. In the first study, we found that the use of first-person singular Pronouns during negative but not during positive memory recall was positively related to symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with anorexia nervosa with varying levels of co-morbid depression and anxiety. In the second study, we found the same pattern of results in non-depressed individuals. In addition, use of first-person singular Pronouns during negative memory recall was positively related to brooding (i.e., the assumed maladaptive sub-component of rumination) but not to reflection. These findings could not be replicated in two samples of depressed patients. However, non-chronically depressed patients used more first-person singular Pronouns than healthy controls, irrespective of context. Taken together, the findings lend partial support to theoretical models that emphasize the effects of context on self-focus and consider SFA as a relevant trans-diagnostic phenomenon. In addition, the present findings point to the construct validity of Pronoun-use as a linguistic marker of maladaptive self-focus.
Henning Schauenburg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first person Pronoun use in spoken language as a predictor of future depressive symptoms preliminary evidence from a clinical sample of depressed patients
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Timo Brockmeyer, Matthias Hunn, Henning Schauenburg, Markus WolfAbstract:Several theories suggest that self-focused attention plays an important role in the maintenance of depression. However, previous studies have predominantly relied on self-report and laboratory-based measures such as sentence completion tasks to assess individual differences in self-focus. We present a prospective, longitudinal study based on a sample of 29 inpatients with clinical depression, investigating whether an implicit, behavioural measure of self-focused attention, i.e., the relative frequency of first-person singular Pronouns in naturally spoken language, predicts depressive symptoms at follow-up over and above initial depression. We did not find a significant cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and first-person singular Pronoun use. However, first-person singular Pronoun use significantly predicted depressive symptoms approximately 8 months later, even after controlling for depressive symptoms at baseline or discharge. Exploratory analyses revealed that this effect was mainly driven by the use of objective and possessive self-references such as ‘me’ or ‘my’. Our findings are in line with theories that highlight individual differences in self-focused attention as a predictor of the course of depression. Moreover, our findings extend previous work in this field by adopting an unobtrusive approach of non-reactive assessment, capturing naturally occurring differences in self-focused attention. We discuss possible clinical applications of language-based assessments and interventions with regard to self-focus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message Naturally occurring individual differences in first-person singular Pronoun use provide an unobtrusive way to assess patients' automatic self-focused attention. Frequent use of first-person singular Pronouns predicts an unfavourable course of depression. Self-focused language might offer innovative ways of tracking and targeting therapeutic change.
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first person Pronoun use in spoken language as a predictor of future depressive symptoms preliminary evidence from a clinical sample of depressed patients
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Timo Brockmeyer, Matthias Hunn, Henning Schauenburg, Markus WolfAbstract:Several theories suggest that self-focused attention plays an important role in the maintenance of depression. However, previous studies have predominantly relied on self-report and laboratory-based measures such as sentence completion tasks to assess individual differences in self-focus. We present a prospective, longitudinal study based on a sample of 29 inpatients with clinical depression, investigating whether an implicit, behavioural measure of self-focused attention, i.e., the relative frequency of first-person singular Pronouns in naturally spoken language, predicts depressive symptoms at follow-up over and above initial depression. We did not find a significant cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and first-person singular Pronoun use. However, first-person singular Pronoun use significantly predicted depressive symptoms approximately 8 months later, even after controlling for depressive symptoms at baseline or discharge. Exploratory analyses revealed that this effect was mainly driven by the use of objective and possessive self-references such as ‘me’ or ‘my’. Our findings are in line with theories that highlight individual differences in self-focused attention as a predictor of the course of depression. Moreover, our findings extend previous work in this field by adopting an unobtrusive approach of non-reactive assessment, capturing naturally occurring differences in self-focused attention. We discuss possible clinical applications of language-based assessments and interventions with regard to self-focus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message Naturally occurring individual differences in first-person singular Pronoun use provide an unobtrusive way to assess patients' automatic self-focused attention. Frequent use of first-person singular Pronouns predicts an unfavourable course of depression. Self-focused language might offer innovative ways of tracking and targeting therapeutic change.
Matthias Hunn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first person Pronoun use in spoken language as a predictor of future depressive symptoms preliminary evidence from a clinical sample of depressed patients
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Timo Brockmeyer, Matthias Hunn, Henning Schauenburg, Markus WolfAbstract:Several theories suggest that self-focused attention plays an important role in the maintenance of depression. However, previous studies have predominantly relied on self-report and laboratory-based measures such as sentence completion tasks to assess individual differences in self-focus. We present a prospective, longitudinal study based on a sample of 29 inpatients with clinical depression, investigating whether an implicit, behavioural measure of self-focused attention, i.e., the relative frequency of first-person singular Pronouns in naturally spoken language, predicts depressive symptoms at follow-up over and above initial depression. We did not find a significant cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and first-person singular Pronoun use. However, first-person singular Pronoun use significantly predicted depressive symptoms approximately 8 months later, even after controlling for depressive symptoms at baseline or discharge. Exploratory analyses revealed that this effect was mainly driven by the use of objective and possessive self-references such as ‘me’ or ‘my’. Our findings are in line with theories that highlight individual differences in self-focused attention as a predictor of the course of depression. Moreover, our findings extend previous work in this field by adopting an unobtrusive approach of non-reactive assessment, capturing naturally occurring differences in self-focused attention. We discuss possible clinical applications of language-based assessments and interventions with regard to self-focus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message Naturally occurring individual differences in first-person singular Pronoun use provide an unobtrusive way to assess patients' automatic self-focused attention. Frequent use of first-person singular Pronouns predicts an unfavourable course of depression. Self-focused language might offer innovative ways of tracking and targeting therapeutic change.
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first person Pronoun use in spoken language as a predictor of future depressive symptoms preliminary evidence from a clinical sample of depressed patients
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Timo Brockmeyer, Matthias Hunn, Henning Schauenburg, Markus WolfAbstract:Several theories suggest that self-focused attention plays an important role in the maintenance of depression. However, previous studies have predominantly relied on self-report and laboratory-based measures such as sentence completion tasks to assess individual differences in self-focus. We present a prospective, longitudinal study based on a sample of 29 inpatients with clinical depression, investigating whether an implicit, behavioural measure of self-focused attention, i.e., the relative frequency of first-person singular Pronouns in naturally spoken language, predicts depressive symptoms at follow-up over and above initial depression. We did not find a significant cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and first-person singular Pronoun use. However, first-person singular Pronoun use significantly predicted depressive symptoms approximately 8 months later, even after controlling for depressive symptoms at baseline or discharge. Exploratory analyses revealed that this effect was mainly driven by the use of objective and possessive self-references such as ‘me’ or ‘my’. Our findings are in line with theories that highlight individual differences in self-focused attention as a predictor of the course of depression. Moreover, our findings extend previous work in this field by adopting an unobtrusive approach of non-reactive assessment, capturing naturally occurring differences in self-focused attention. We discuss possible clinical applications of language-based assessments and interventions with regard to self-focus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message Naturally occurring individual differences in first-person singular Pronoun use provide an unobtrusive way to assess patients' automatic self-focused attention. Frequent use of first-person singular Pronouns predicts an unfavourable course of depression. Self-focused language might offer innovative ways of tracking and targeting therapeutic change.
