The Experts below are selected from a list of 27 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
C W A Van Den Kieboom - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of Propicillin on mixed continuous cultures of periodontal bacteria
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1991Co-Authors: J S Van Der Hoeven, C W A Van Den KieboomAbstract:Experiments were designed to test the antibiotic (1-phenoxypropyl)penicillin (Propicillin) against a complex microflora of periodontal bacteria. This was accomplished by using a continuously growing mixed culture that was obtained by enrichment of periodontal plaque in human serum. Peptostreptococcus species, Prevotella intermedia, Lactobacillus, catenaforme, and Streptococcus species were dominant members of the enrichment culture. None of the strains isolated from the enrichment culture exhibited detectable beta-lactamase activity. MICs of Propicillin for the organisms ranged from 0.1 to 1.2 mg/liter. Propicillin was added to the cultures in single doses that were repeated once or twice at 24-h intervals, that is, after 2.4 volume changes of the culture vessel. Analyses done 24 h after the last addition of Propicillin revealed that total cell counts of the culture were hardly affected by 1 mg of Propicillin per liter, although some changes in the microbial composition occurred. The relative insusceptibility of the culture might be explained by the low growth rate. Higher concentrations (5, 10, and 50 mg/liter) of the antibiotic caused 10- to 20-fold drops in total cell counts. In these cultures P. intermedia was selectively suppressed to below the detection level, whereas other organisms that were equally susceptible to Propicillin were less affected. It was concluded that mixed continuous cultures are a useful tool for studying the effects of antibiotics against the periodontal microbiota.
Mario Muñoz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of Clarithromycin and Propicillin in the Management of Streptococcal Pharyngotonsillitis in Children
Clinical Drug Investigation, 1999Co-Authors: Nicolás Padilla, Roberto Figueroa, Mario MuñozAbstract:Objective: To compare the clinical and bacteriological efficacy and safety of clarithromycin and Propicillin in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in children. Design: This was a prospective, non-blind, longitudinal, comparative study. All patients included were randomised to receive either clarithromycin or Propicillin. Setting: Participants were outpatients attending a private paediatric clinic in Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico. Patients: Patients aged between 1 and 15 years presenting with signs and symptoms of pharyngotonsillitis were enrolled in this study. Interventions and Outcome Measures: The dosage of clarithromycin was 15 mg/kg/day divided into two daily doses, and for Propicillin it was 25 000 U/kg/day divided into three daily doses. Both drugs were given for 10 days. Patients were evaluated according to resolution of signs and symptoms, and adverse events. Pharyngeal cultures were collected at the initial office visits and 3 days after the conclusion of drug therapy. Data were analysed using the Epi5 computer program and χ^2 tests were performed regarding time to resolution of clinical signs, adverse events and bacteriological cure. Results: Of the 387 patients presenting with signs of pharyngotonsillitis, 189 were culture positive. A total of 102 were randomised to receive clarithromycin and 87 to receive Propicillin. A statistically significant difference in resolution of clinical signs at 48 hours after initiation of treatment was found in favour of clarithromycin for dysphagia (χ^2 = 59.21; p < 0.00001), pharyngeal erythema (χ^2 = 61.48; p < 0.00001) and pharyngeal exudate (χ^2 = 103.61; p < 0.00001). Statistically significant differences in favour of clarithromycin were also seen on days 5, 7 and 9 of treatment for all these signs. Bacteriological efficacy tended to be higher with clarithromycin [relative rate for bacteriological success with clarithromycin = 1.11; confidence interval = 1.00 to 1.24;χ^2 (Yates) = 3.05; p = 0.08]; these differences were not significant. 11 patients would need to be treated with clarithromycin to yield bacteriological success in 1 additional patient. Clarithromycin showed a lower overall rate of adverse events, but abdominal pain and nausea were more common with this agent. Conclusions: Clarithromycin is an excellent alternative in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in children because of its higher clinical (95% vs 86% of Propicillin) and bacteriological (92% vs 82% of Propicillin) efficacy and the faster rate of improvement than with Propicillin.
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analysis of clarithromycin and Propicillin in the management of streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in children
Clinical Drug Investigation, 1999Co-Authors: Nicolás Padilla, Roberto Figueroa, Mario MuñozAbstract:Objective: To compare the clinical and bacteriological efficacy and safety of clarithromycin and Propicillin in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in children.
J S Van Der Hoeven - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of Propicillin on mixed continuous cultures of periodontal bacteria
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1991Co-Authors: J S Van Der Hoeven, C W A Van Den KieboomAbstract:Experiments were designed to test the antibiotic (1-phenoxypropyl)penicillin (Propicillin) against a complex microflora of periodontal bacteria. This was accomplished by using a continuously growing mixed culture that was obtained by enrichment of periodontal plaque in human serum. Peptostreptococcus species, Prevotella intermedia, Lactobacillus, catenaforme, and Streptococcus species were dominant members of the enrichment culture. None of the strains isolated from the enrichment culture exhibited detectable beta-lactamase activity. MICs of Propicillin for the organisms ranged from 0.1 to 1.2 mg/liter. Propicillin was added to the cultures in single doses that were repeated once or twice at 24-h intervals, that is, after 2.4 volume changes of the culture vessel. Analyses done 24 h after the last addition of Propicillin revealed that total cell counts of the culture were hardly affected by 1 mg of Propicillin per liter, although some changes in the microbial composition occurred. The relative insusceptibility of the culture might be explained by the low growth rate. Higher concentrations (5, 10, and 50 mg/liter) of the antibiotic caused 10- to 20-fold drops in total cell counts. In these cultures P. intermedia was selectively suppressed to below the detection level, whereas other organisms that were equally susceptible to Propicillin were less affected. It was concluded that mixed continuous cultures are a useful tool for studying the effects of antibiotics against the periodontal microbiota.
Nicolás Padilla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of Clarithromycin and Propicillin in the Management of Streptococcal Pharyngotonsillitis in Children
Clinical Drug Investigation, 1999Co-Authors: Nicolás Padilla, Roberto Figueroa, Mario MuñozAbstract:Objective: To compare the clinical and bacteriological efficacy and safety of clarithromycin and Propicillin in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in children. Design: This was a prospective, non-blind, longitudinal, comparative study. All patients included were randomised to receive either clarithromycin or Propicillin. Setting: Participants were outpatients attending a private paediatric clinic in Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico. Patients: Patients aged between 1 and 15 years presenting with signs and symptoms of pharyngotonsillitis were enrolled in this study. Interventions and Outcome Measures: The dosage of clarithromycin was 15 mg/kg/day divided into two daily doses, and for Propicillin it was 25 000 U/kg/day divided into three daily doses. Both drugs were given for 10 days. Patients were evaluated according to resolution of signs and symptoms, and adverse events. Pharyngeal cultures were collected at the initial office visits and 3 days after the conclusion of drug therapy. Data were analysed using the Epi5 computer program and χ^2 tests were performed regarding time to resolution of clinical signs, adverse events and bacteriological cure. Results: Of the 387 patients presenting with signs of pharyngotonsillitis, 189 were culture positive. A total of 102 were randomised to receive clarithromycin and 87 to receive Propicillin. A statistically significant difference in resolution of clinical signs at 48 hours after initiation of treatment was found in favour of clarithromycin for dysphagia (χ^2 = 59.21; p < 0.00001), pharyngeal erythema (χ^2 = 61.48; p < 0.00001) and pharyngeal exudate (χ^2 = 103.61; p < 0.00001). Statistically significant differences in favour of clarithromycin were also seen on days 5, 7 and 9 of treatment for all these signs. Bacteriological efficacy tended to be higher with clarithromycin [relative rate for bacteriological success with clarithromycin = 1.11; confidence interval = 1.00 to 1.24;χ^2 (Yates) = 3.05; p = 0.08]; these differences were not significant. 11 patients would need to be treated with clarithromycin to yield bacteriological success in 1 additional patient. Clarithromycin showed a lower overall rate of adverse events, but abdominal pain and nausea were more common with this agent. Conclusions: Clarithromycin is an excellent alternative in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in children because of its higher clinical (95% vs 86% of Propicillin) and bacteriological (92% vs 82% of Propicillin) efficacy and the faster rate of improvement than with Propicillin.
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analysis of clarithromycin and Propicillin in the management of streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in children
Clinical Drug Investigation, 1999Co-Authors: Nicolás Padilla, Roberto Figueroa, Mario MuñozAbstract:Objective: To compare the clinical and bacteriological efficacy and safety of clarithromycin and Propicillin in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in children.
Akira Tsuji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ACIDIC DRUG TRANSPORT IN VIVO THROUGH THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. A ROLE OF THE TRANSPORT CARRIER FOR MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Journal of pharmacobio-dynamics, 1990Co-Authors: Young Sook Kang, Takayuki Terasaki, Akira TsujiAbstract:The relationship of the transports between acidic drugs and monocarboxylic acids through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was examined using the carotid artery injection technique in rats. The BBB uptakes of [3H] acetic acid and [14C] salicylic acid were significantly reduced by the presence of the respective unlabeled compounds, valproic acid, lactic acid, benzoic acid, nicotinic acid or β-lactam antibiotics (benzylpenicillin, Propicillin and cefazolin), but was not reduced by choline, phenylalanine and a basic drug, eperisone. A remarkable pH dependency was observed for the BBB uptake of [14C] salicylic acid at the pH region of 4.0 to 7.4. Interestingly, 10 mM of salicylic acid diminished significantly the pH dependent BBB uptake of [14C] salicylic acid. Similar results were obtained in the BBB uptake of [14C] nicotinic acid. No significant difference was observed in the transport of monocarboxylic acids through the BBB between normotensive Wistar KY rats (WKY) and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). From these observations, acidic drugs could be transported by a carrier-mediated system for monocarboxylic acids at the BBB and the transport system was not changed by the disease state.
