The Experts below are selected from a list of 1866 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Baili Feng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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boosting Proso Millet yield by altering canopy light distribution in Proso Millet mung bean intercropping systems
Crop Journal, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangwei Gong, Uzizerimana Ferdinand, Ke Dang, Guanghua Chen, Yan Luo, Pu Yang, Baili FengAbstract:Abstract To elucidate the mechanism by which intercropping Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) with mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) increases Proso Millet yield and to determine how this higher yield results from maximization of resources use efficiency, we designed and conducted four strip intercropping row arrangements, including two rows of Proso Millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (2P2M), four rows of Proso Millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (4P2M), four rows of Proso Millet alternating with four rows of mung bean (4P4M), two rows of Proso Millet alternating with four rows of mung bean (2P4M), sole Proso Millet (SP, control) and sole mung bean (SM, control) in Yulin, Shaanxi, China. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the canopy, radiation use efficiency (RUE), leaf photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and allocation, and yield of Proso Millet were investigated. The results showed that the intercropping systems had higher PAR than the monoculture. Mean PAR intensities were increased by respectively 2.2%–23.4%, 19.8%–59.7%, and 61.2%–133.3% in the Proso Millet upper, middle and lower canopies compared with SP. The increase in PAR directly increased RUE, a result attributed mainly to the increase in photosynthetic capacity, including net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content. These responses resulted in increased dry matter allocation to plant organs. Yield of intercropped Proso Millet was 6.8%–37.3% higher than that under monoculture and the land equivalent ratios for the different intercropping patterns were all greater than unity (> 1). In general, yield followed a positive linear function of PAR in the intercropping system. The results indicated that intercropping can boost Proso Millet yield, evidently by altering light distribution within its canopy and consequently increasing RUE, thereby increasing leaf photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation, and allocation to the grain. The optimum combination for improving the growth and yield of Proso Millet on the Loess Plateau of China was 2P4M.
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Boosting Proso Millet yield by altering canopy light distribution in Proso Millet/mung bean intercropping systems
The Crop Journal, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangwei Gong, Uzizerimana Ferdinand, Ke Dang, Guanghua Chen, Yan Luo, Pu Yang, Baili FengAbstract:Abstract To elucidate the mechanism by which intercropping Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) with mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) increases Proso Millet yield and to determine how this higher yield results from maximization of resources use efficiency, we designed and conducted four strip intercropping row arrangements, including two rows of Proso Millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (2P2M), four rows of Proso Millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (4P2M), four rows of Proso Millet alternating with four rows of mung bean (4P4M), two rows of Proso Millet alternating with four rows of mung bean (2P4M), sole Proso Millet (SP, control) and sole mung bean (SM, control) in Yulin, Shaanxi, China. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the canopy, radiation use efficiency (RUE), leaf photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and allocation, and yield of Proso Millet were investigated. The results showed that the intercropping systems had higher PAR than the monoculture. Mean PAR intensities were increased by respectively 2.2%–23.4%, 19.8%–59.7%, and 61.2%–133.3% in the Proso Millet upper, middle and lower canopies compared with SP. The increase in PAR directly increased RUE, a result attributed mainly to the increase in photosynthetic capacity, including net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content. These responses resulted in increased dry matter allocation to plant organs. Yield of intercropped Proso Millet was 6.8%–37.3% higher than that under monoculture and the land equivalent ratios for the different intercropping patterns were all greater than unity (> 1). In general, yield followed a positive linear function of PAR in the intercropping system. The results indicated that intercropping can boost Proso Millet yield, evidently by altering light distribution within its canopy and consequently increasing RUE, thereby increasing leaf photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation, and allocation to the grain. The optimum combination for improving the growth and yield of Proso Millet on the Loess Plateau of China was 2P4M.
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Interspecific root interactions and water-use efficiency of intercropped Proso Millet and mung bean
European Journal of Agronomy, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangwei Gong, Ke Dang, Yan Luo, Guan Zhao, Lixin Tian, Baili FengAbstract:Abstract Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)/mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) intercropping could serve as a new cereal/legume planting pattern to increase crop production. However, how these two crop species compete for resources by stimulating root development and water uptake is unknown. An experiment was conducted at the Northwest AF averaging 1.66) and relative crowding coefficient (Kpm; averaging 2.66). The root growth and distribution of both crops increased under intercropping, with lateral expansion to the middle interrow spaces during the cogrowth period, resulting in greater root length density, surface area density, and volume density in the upper layer (0−50 cm) and close to the plants. This allowed the absorption of more soil water, which helped increase the WUE of intercropped Proso Millet. These improvements occurred due to significant correlations between soil water content and root structure. However, the relatively short mung bean was shaded by the taller Proso Millet, creating a disadvantage reflected by the decreased plant biomass and WUE of the former. Compared with grain yield under monocultures, the grain yield of the intercropped Proso Millet and mung bean increased by 13.9–50.0 % and decreased by 31.9–47.0 %, respectively. Two rows of Proso Millet intercropped with four rows of mung bean (2P4M) is recommended, as this system, although reducing mung bean yields, increases Proso Millet yields and enables the greatest land-use efficiency in arid regions of Northwest China.
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Comparison of physicochemical properties and cooking edibility of waxy and non-waxy Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.).
Food chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Qinghua Yang, Pu Yang, Zhang Panpan, Xiaoli Gao, Jibao Liang, Baili FengAbstract:The quality characteristics of waxy and non-waxy Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) are different because of their varying amylose content. Physical appearance, pasting properties, cooking and edibility were investigated in five waxy and five non-waxy Proso Millet varieties. The results showed that the amylose content of Proso Millet flour was positively correlated with peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, peak time, and pasting temperature. The porridge made with non-waxy Proso Millet was thicker as compared with that of made with waxy Proso Millet. Cooked non-waxy Proso Millet was hard whereas waxy Proso Millet was sticky. The non-waxy Proso Millet contained higher resistant starch and lower rapidly digestible starch than waxy Proso Millet. From this study, we can conclude that quality characteristics of waxy and non-waxy Proso Millet are different, and this may provide an insight in food processing and commercial production of Proso Millet.
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Effects of ridging and mulching combined practices on Proso Millet growth and yield in semi-arid regions of China
Field Crops Research, 2017Co-Authors: Yuyu Zhang, Xiangwei Gong, Baili Feng, Haokun Han, Da-zhong Zhang, Zhihe Xue, Pu YangAbstract:Abstract The study is intended to find a more effective farming practice for improving Proso Millet production in semi-arid regions of China and a fast real-time method of estimating effects of ridging treatments on the growth and yield of Proso Millet. An experiment was conducted to investigate soil water contents (SWCs), soil temperatures, water use efficiencies (WUEs), growths and grain yields of Proso Millet in 2014 and 2015 in Yulin, Shaanxi, China. In the experiment, a control treatment (CK, a convention farming without mulching) and six ridging and mulching combined treatments were tested. The ridging treatments mostly improved the soil moistures, WUEs, growths and grain yields of Proso Millet compared with the CK. The highest grain yields of Proso Millet appeared in the ridging treatment with hills and furrows plastic film mulched (RHFPFM) in both of the years. Because of its beneficial effects in SWC, WUE and leaf area index (LAI), RHFPFM improved the growth of Proso Millet and increased its yield by 31.3%-35.3% in the experimental years. These benefits mostly intensified with the extensions of the corresponding mulched areas. The LAI was shown to have close relations with the aboveground dry matter, crop growth rate and yield of Proso Millet. The LAI regression formulae developed in the study would provide useful information for growth monitoring and yield estimation of Proso Millet in the ridging treatments. In this study, the RHFPFM was recommended as an effective farming practice for improving the growth and yield of Proso Millet in semi-arid regions of China.
Dipak K. Santra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Omics for Proso Millet genetic improvement
The Nucleus, 2020Co-Authors: Rituraj Khound, Dipak K. SantraAbstract:Proso Millet ( Panicum miliaceum L.) is one of the seven commonly cultivated Millets. It is regarded as a climate-smart, ancient, and gluten-free and therefore, is healthy to humans and the environment. The exceptional nutritional properties of the grain resulted in a gradual surge in its demand in the human food market especially for people with diabetes and celiac disease. It is essential to continue the genetic improvement of Proso Millet to meet its ever-increasing demand. Genetic improvement of Proso Millet in the United States, however, is impeded by the narrow genetic base in the germplasm and lack of extensive research on its genetics and breeding. There are lots of reports on ‘omics’ (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and phenomics) of many common crops and the technologies are being extensively used in their genetic improvement. However, such studies are scarce in Proso Millet. The objective of this review article is to summarize available ‘omics’ reports of Proso Millet and discuss their relevance for its genetic improvement. Relatively more genomics and transcriptomics reports of Proso Millet are available but only two proteomics and metabolomics reports focusing on grain composition and no phenomics report are available. As more efficient, fast, and cheaper ‘omics’ technologies are available, it is imperative that global Proso and other Millets breeders and geneticists collaborate strongly for successful utilization of ‘Milletomics’ for developing of noble Proso Millet varieties for future need of this climate-smart superfood grain.
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Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) Breeding: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities
Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Cereals, 2019Co-Authors: Dipak K. Santra, Rituraj Khound, Saurav DasAbstract:Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is an annual cereal crop domesticated approximately 10,000 years ago in the semiarid regions of China. It is primarily grown in India, Nigeria, Niger, and China. Proso Millet is used in Europe and North America as fodder and birdseed despite its highly nutritive and health-promoting benefits. Recently, the high content of different minerals and amino acids along with a low glycemic index and gluten-free property of the grains have attracted the industry and scientific communities. Proso Millet has been used as a rotational crop in the winter wheat-fallow cropping system in the western Great Plains of the USA owing to its high water-use efficiency. This practice not only prevents the loss of organic matter from the no-till soil but also reduces weed and disease pressure. Regardless of the impeccable environmental and health benefits of Proso Millet, it remains as an under researched and underutilized crop. Plant breeders across the globe are trying to develop superior varieties using both classical and advanced breeding procedures. However, the lack of a genetic map and adequate genomic resources has slowed the crop improvement process. Proso Millet germplasm representing a wide genetic diversity is conserved in gene banks maintained by several countries. The rapid growth in genomic research in the form of a linkage map development, novel molecular marker identification and availability of next-generation sequencing, together with high-throughput phenotyping promise to accelerate Proso Millet breeding. The development of Proso Millet cultivars which are high yielding, lodging and seed-shattering tolerant, direct combine-ready and nutrient enriched, would promote its increased cultivation, and use in the food industry.
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Beyond Bird Feed: Proso Millet for Human Health and Environment
MDPI AG, 2019Co-Authors: Saurav Das, Rituraj Khound, Meenakshi Santra, Dipak K. SantraAbstract:Domesticated in 8000–10,000 BP in northern China, Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is the best adaptive rotational crop for semiarid central High Plains of the USA, where average annual precipitation is 356–407 mm. Proso Millet has multiple benefits when consumed as human food. Proso Millet is rich in minerals, dietary fiber, polyphenols, vitamins and proteins. It is gluten-free and therefore, ideal for the gluten intolerant people. Proso Millet contains high lecithin which supports the neural health system. It is rich in vitamins (niacin, B-complex vitamins, folic acid), minerals (P, Ca, Zn, Fe) and essential amino acids (methionine and cysteine). It has a low glycemic index and reduces the risk of type-2 diabetes. Unfortunately, in the USA, it is mostly considered as bird feed, whereas it is mainly used as human food in many other countries. Besides human health benefits, Proso Millet has an impeccable environmental benefit. Proso Millet possesses many unique characteristics (e.g., drought tolerance, short-growing season) which makes it a promising rotational crop for winter wheat-based dryland farming systems. Proso Millet provides the most economical production system when used in a two years wheat/summer fallow cropping system in semiarid High Plains of the USA. It helps in controlling winter annual grass weeds, managing disease and insect pressure and preserving deep soil moisture for wheat. Proso Millet can also be used as a rotational crop with corn or sorghum owing to its tolerance for atrazine, the primary herbicide used in corn and sorghum production systems. Proso Millet certainly is a climate-smart, gluten-free, ancient, and small grain cereal, which is healthy to humans and the environment. The main challenge is to expand the Proso Millet market beyond bird feed into the human food industry. To overcome the challenge, unique Proso Millet varieties for human food and ready-to-use multiple food products must be developed. This requires successful collaboration among experts from diverse disciplines such as breeders, geneticists, food chemists and food industry partners
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Physico-Chemical and Functional Properties of Nine Proso Millet Cultivars
Transactions of the ASABE, 2018Co-Authors: Manjot Singh, Akinbode A. Adedeji, Dipak K. SantraAbstract:Abstract. Evaluation of the postharvest properties of nine Proso Millet cultivars was carried out to determine their physical and engineering properties, which are very useful for designing appropriate systems for process operations such as sorting, drying, heating, cooling, and milling. Nine cultivars of Proso Millet comprising waxy and non-waxy types, namely Cope, Earlybird, Huntsman, Minco, Plateau, Sunrise, Rise, Dawn, and Panhandle, were obtained from the Panhandle Research and Extension Center, University of Nebraska, Scottsbluff. Results showed significant (p < 0.05) differences in their physical properties, such as sphericity, volume, bulk density, porosity, and angle of repose, which ranged from 0.86 to 0.91, from 3.94 to 5.14 mm3, from 765.49 to 809.67 kg m-3, from 42.49% to 44.20%, and from 22.98° to 25.74°, respectively. The cultivars were also evaluated for their pasting and gelatinization properties, and high correlation was found between amylose content and onset temperature (r = -0.94), peak gelatinization temperature (r = -0.92), peak viscosity (r = 0.84), final viscosity (r = 0.91), and setback viscosity (r = 0.90). The understanding of these basic physical and functional properties of Proso Millet cultivars will form the foundation for processing them into value-added products. Keywords: Chemical properties, Pasting properties, Proso Millet.
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Heating Reduces Proso Millet Protein Digestibility via Formation of Hydrophobic Aggregates.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2017Co-Authors: Paridhi Gulati, Dipak K. Santra, David R. Holding, Yue Zhang, Devin J. RoseAbstract:Proso Millet protein has reported structural similarities with sorghum. In order to explore the potential of this crop as an alternative protein source for people with gluten sensitivity, in vitro protein digestibility was analyzed. Dehulled Proso Millet flour was subjected to various processing techniques (dry heating and wet heating). Regardless of the processing technique there was a significant decline in digestibility of protein in Proso Millet flour when compared with unprocessed flour (from 79.7 ± 0.8% to 42.0 ± 1.2%). Reduced digestibility persisted even when cooking with reducing agents. Heating in the presence of urea (8 M) and guanidine-HCl (4.5 M) prevented the reduction in observed digestibility (urea cooked 77.4 ± 0.8%; guanidine HCl cooked 84.3 ± 0.9%), suggesting formation of hydrophobic aggregates during heating in water. This was supported by an increase in surface hydrophobicity upon cooking. Thus, the Proso Millet protein, termed panicin, forms hydrophobic aggregates that are resistant...
Pu Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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boosting Proso Millet yield by altering canopy light distribution in Proso Millet mung bean intercropping systems
Crop Journal, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangwei Gong, Uzizerimana Ferdinand, Ke Dang, Guanghua Chen, Yan Luo, Pu Yang, Baili FengAbstract:Abstract To elucidate the mechanism by which intercropping Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) with mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) increases Proso Millet yield and to determine how this higher yield results from maximization of resources use efficiency, we designed and conducted four strip intercropping row arrangements, including two rows of Proso Millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (2P2M), four rows of Proso Millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (4P2M), four rows of Proso Millet alternating with four rows of mung bean (4P4M), two rows of Proso Millet alternating with four rows of mung bean (2P4M), sole Proso Millet (SP, control) and sole mung bean (SM, control) in Yulin, Shaanxi, China. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the canopy, radiation use efficiency (RUE), leaf photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and allocation, and yield of Proso Millet were investigated. The results showed that the intercropping systems had higher PAR than the monoculture. Mean PAR intensities were increased by respectively 2.2%–23.4%, 19.8%–59.7%, and 61.2%–133.3% in the Proso Millet upper, middle and lower canopies compared with SP. The increase in PAR directly increased RUE, a result attributed mainly to the increase in photosynthetic capacity, including net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content. These responses resulted in increased dry matter allocation to plant organs. Yield of intercropped Proso Millet was 6.8%–37.3% higher than that under monoculture and the land equivalent ratios for the different intercropping patterns were all greater than unity (> 1). In general, yield followed a positive linear function of PAR in the intercropping system. The results indicated that intercropping can boost Proso Millet yield, evidently by altering light distribution within its canopy and consequently increasing RUE, thereby increasing leaf photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation, and allocation to the grain. The optimum combination for improving the growth and yield of Proso Millet on the Loess Plateau of China was 2P4M.
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Boosting Proso Millet yield by altering canopy light distribution in Proso Millet/mung bean intercropping systems
The Crop Journal, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangwei Gong, Uzizerimana Ferdinand, Ke Dang, Guanghua Chen, Yan Luo, Pu Yang, Baili FengAbstract:Abstract To elucidate the mechanism by which intercropping Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) with mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) increases Proso Millet yield and to determine how this higher yield results from maximization of resources use efficiency, we designed and conducted four strip intercropping row arrangements, including two rows of Proso Millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (2P2M), four rows of Proso Millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (4P2M), four rows of Proso Millet alternating with four rows of mung bean (4P4M), two rows of Proso Millet alternating with four rows of mung bean (2P4M), sole Proso Millet (SP, control) and sole mung bean (SM, control) in Yulin, Shaanxi, China. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the canopy, radiation use efficiency (RUE), leaf photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and allocation, and yield of Proso Millet were investigated. The results showed that the intercropping systems had higher PAR than the monoculture. Mean PAR intensities were increased by respectively 2.2%–23.4%, 19.8%–59.7%, and 61.2%–133.3% in the Proso Millet upper, middle and lower canopies compared with SP. The increase in PAR directly increased RUE, a result attributed mainly to the increase in photosynthetic capacity, including net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content. These responses resulted in increased dry matter allocation to plant organs. Yield of intercropped Proso Millet was 6.8%–37.3% higher than that under monoculture and the land equivalent ratios for the different intercropping patterns were all greater than unity (> 1). In general, yield followed a positive linear function of PAR in the intercropping system. The results indicated that intercropping can boost Proso Millet yield, evidently by altering light distribution within its canopy and consequently increasing RUE, thereby increasing leaf photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation, and allocation to the grain. The optimum combination for improving the growth and yield of Proso Millet on the Loess Plateau of China was 2P4M.
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Comparison of physicochemical properties and cooking edibility of waxy and non-waxy Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.).
Food chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Qinghua Yang, Pu Yang, Zhang Panpan, Xiaoli Gao, Jibao Liang, Baili FengAbstract:The quality characteristics of waxy and non-waxy Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) are different because of their varying amylose content. Physical appearance, pasting properties, cooking and edibility were investigated in five waxy and five non-waxy Proso Millet varieties. The results showed that the amylose content of Proso Millet flour was positively correlated with peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, peak time, and pasting temperature. The porridge made with non-waxy Proso Millet was thicker as compared with that of made with waxy Proso Millet. Cooked non-waxy Proso Millet was hard whereas waxy Proso Millet was sticky. The non-waxy Proso Millet contained higher resistant starch and lower rapidly digestible starch than waxy Proso Millet. From this study, we can conclude that quality characteristics of waxy and non-waxy Proso Millet are different, and this may provide an insight in food processing and commercial production of Proso Millet.
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Effects of ridging and mulching combined practices on Proso Millet growth and yield in semi-arid regions of China
Field Crops Research, 2017Co-Authors: Yuyu Zhang, Xiangwei Gong, Baili Feng, Haokun Han, Da-zhong Zhang, Zhihe Xue, Pu YangAbstract:Abstract The study is intended to find a more effective farming practice for improving Proso Millet production in semi-arid regions of China and a fast real-time method of estimating effects of ridging treatments on the growth and yield of Proso Millet. An experiment was conducted to investigate soil water contents (SWCs), soil temperatures, water use efficiencies (WUEs), growths and grain yields of Proso Millet in 2014 and 2015 in Yulin, Shaanxi, China. In the experiment, a control treatment (CK, a convention farming without mulching) and six ridging and mulching combined treatments were tested. The ridging treatments mostly improved the soil moistures, WUEs, growths and grain yields of Proso Millet compared with the CK. The highest grain yields of Proso Millet appeared in the ridging treatment with hills and furrows plastic film mulched (RHFPFM) in both of the years. Because of its beneficial effects in SWC, WUE and leaf area index (LAI), RHFPFM improved the growth of Proso Millet and increased its yield by 31.3%-35.3% in the experimental years. These benefits mostly intensified with the extensions of the corresponding mulched areas. The LAI was shown to have close relations with the aboveground dry matter, crop growth rate and yield of Proso Millet. The LAI regression formulae developed in the study would provide useful information for growth monitoring and yield estimation of Proso Millet in the ridging treatments. In this study, the RHFPFM was recommended as an effective farming practice for improving the growth and yield of Proso Millet in semi-arid regions of China.
Xiangwei Gong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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boosting Proso Millet yield by altering canopy light distribution in Proso Millet mung bean intercropping systems
Crop Journal, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangwei Gong, Uzizerimana Ferdinand, Ke Dang, Guanghua Chen, Yan Luo, Pu Yang, Baili FengAbstract:Abstract To elucidate the mechanism by which intercropping Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) with mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) increases Proso Millet yield and to determine how this higher yield results from maximization of resources use efficiency, we designed and conducted four strip intercropping row arrangements, including two rows of Proso Millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (2P2M), four rows of Proso Millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (4P2M), four rows of Proso Millet alternating with four rows of mung bean (4P4M), two rows of Proso Millet alternating with four rows of mung bean (2P4M), sole Proso Millet (SP, control) and sole mung bean (SM, control) in Yulin, Shaanxi, China. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the canopy, radiation use efficiency (RUE), leaf photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and allocation, and yield of Proso Millet were investigated. The results showed that the intercropping systems had higher PAR than the monoculture. Mean PAR intensities were increased by respectively 2.2%–23.4%, 19.8%–59.7%, and 61.2%–133.3% in the Proso Millet upper, middle and lower canopies compared with SP. The increase in PAR directly increased RUE, a result attributed mainly to the increase in photosynthetic capacity, including net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content. These responses resulted in increased dry matter allocation to plant organs. Yield of intercropped Proso Millet was 6.8%–37.3% higher than that under monoculture and the land equivalent ratios for the different intercropping patterns were all greater than unity (> 1). In general, yield followed a positive linear function of PAR in the intercropping system. The results indicated that intercropping can boost Proso Millet yield, evidently by altering light distribution within its canopy and consequently increasing RUE, thereby increasing leaf photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation, and allocation to the grain. The optimum combination for improving the growth and yield of Proso Millet on the Loess Plateau of China was 2P4M.
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Boosting Proso Millet yield by altering canopy light distribution in Proso Millet/mung bean intercropping systems
The Crop Journal, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangwei Gong, Uzizerimana Ferdinand, Ke Dang, Guanghua Chen, Yan Luo, Pu Yang, Baili FengAbstract:Abstract To elucidate the mechanism by which intercropping Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) with mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) increases Proso Millet yield and to determine how this higher yield results from maximization of resources use efficiency, we designed and conducted four strip intercropping row arrangements, including two rows of Proso Millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (2P2M), four rows of Proso Millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (4P2M), four rows of Proso Millet alternating with four rows of mung bean (4P4M), two rows of Proso Millet alternating with four rows of mung bean (2P4M), sole Proso Millet (SP, control) and sole mung bean (SM, control) in Yulin, Shaanxi, China. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the canopy, radiation use efficiency (RUE), leaf photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and allocation, and yield of Proso Millet were investigated. The results showed that the intercropping systems had higher PAR than the monoculture. Mean PAR intensities were increased by respectively 2.2%–23.4%, 19.8%–59.7%, and 61.2%–133.3% in the Proso Millet upper, middle and lower canopies compared with SP. The increase in PAR directly increased RUE, a result attributed mainly to the increase in photosynthetic capacity, including net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content. These responses resulted in increased dry matter allocation to plant organs. Yield of intercropped Proso Millet was 6.8%–37.3% higher than that under monoculture and the land equivalent ratios for the different intercropping patterns were all greater than unity (> 1). In general, yield followed a positive linear function of PAR in the intercropping system. The results indicated that intercropping can boost Proso Millet yield, evidently by altering light distribution within its canopy and consequently increasing RUE, thereby increasing leaf photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation, and allocation to the grain. The optimum combination for improving the growth and yield of Proso Millet on the Loess Plateau of China was 2P4M.
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Interspecific root interactions and water-use efficiency of intercropped Proso Millet and mung bean
European Journal of Agronomy, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangwei Gong, Ke Dang, Yan Luo, Guan Zhao, Lixin Tian, Baili FengAbstract:Abstract Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)/mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) intercropping could serve as a new cereal/legume planting pattern to increase crop production. However, how these two crop species compete for resources by stimulating root development and water uptake is unknown. An experiment was conducted at the Northwest AF averaging 1.66) and relative crowding coefficient (Kpm; averaging 2.66). The root growth and distribution of both crops increased under intercropping, with lateral expansion to the middle interrow spaces during the cogrowth period, resulting in greater root length density, surface area density, and volume density in the upper layer (0−50 cm) and close to the plants. This allowed the absorption of more soil water, which helped increase the WUE of intercropped Proso Millet. These improvements occurred due to significant correlations between soil water content and root structure. However, the relatively short mung bean was shaded by the taller Proso Millet, creating a disadvantage reflected by the decreased plant biomass and WUE of the former. Compared with grain yield under monocultures, the grain yield of the intercropped Proso Millet and mung bean increased by 13.9–50.0 % and decreased by 31.9–47.0 %, respectively. Two rows of Proso Millet intercropped with four rows of mung bean (2P4M) is recommended, as this system, although reducing mung bean yields, increases Proso Millet yields and enables the greatest land-use efficiency in arid regions of Northwest China.
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Effects of ridging and mulching combined practices on Proso Millet growth and yield in semi-arid regions of China
Field Crops Research, 2017Co-Authors: Yuyu Zhang, Xiangwei Gong, Baili Feng, Haokun Han, Da-zhong Zhang, Zhihe Xue, Pu YangAbstract:Abstract The study is intended to find a more effective farming practice for improving Proso Millet production in semi-arid regions of China and a fast real-time method of estimating effects of ridging treatments on the growth and yield of Proso Millet. An experiment was conducted to investigate soil water contents (SWCs), soil temperatures, water use efficiencies (WUEs), growths and grain yields of Proso Millet in 2014 and 2015 in Yulin, Shaanxi, China. In the experiment, a control treatment (CK, a convention farming without mulching) and six ridging and mulching combined treatments were tested. The ridging treatments mostly improved the soil moistures, WUEs, growths and grain yields of Proso Millet compared with the CK. The highest grain yields of Proso Millet appeared in the ridging treatment with hills and furrows plastic film mulched (RHFPFM) in both of the years. Because of its beneficial effects in SWC, WUE and leaf area index (LAI), RHFPFM improved the growth of Proso Millet and increased its yield by 31.3%-35.3% in the experimental years. These benefits mostly intensified with the extensions of the corresponding mulched areas. The LAI was shown to have close relations with the aboveground dry matter, crop growth rate and yield of Proso Millet. The LAI regression formulae developed in the study would provide useful information for growth monitoring and yield estimation of Proso Millet in the ridging treatments. In this study, the RHFPFM was recommended as an effective farming practice for improving the growth and yield of Proso Millet in semi-arid regions of China.
Qinghua Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of physicochemical properties and cooking edibility of waxy and non-waxy Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.).
Food chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Qinghua Yang, Pu Yang, Zhang Panpan, Xiaoli Gao, Jibao Liang, Baili FengAbstract:The quality characteristics of waxy and non-waxy Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) are different because of their varying amylose content. Physical appearance, pasting properties, cooking and edibility were investigated in five waxy and five non-waxy Proso Millet varieties. The results showed that the amylose content of Proso Millet flour was positively correlated with peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, peak time, and pasting temperature. The porridge made with non-waxy Proso Millet was thicker as compared with that of made with waxy Proso Millet. Cooked non-waxy Proso Millet was hard whereas waxy Proso Millet was sticky. The non-waxy Proso Millet contained higher resistant starch and lower rapidly digestible starch than waxy Proso Millet. From this study, we can conclude that quality characteristics of waxy and non-waxy Proso Millet are different, and this may provide an insight in food processing and commercial production of Proso Millet.
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gge biplot analysis of yield stability and test location representativeness in Proso Millet panicum miliaceum l genotypes
Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2016Co-Authors: Panpan Zhang, Qinghua Yang, Hui Song, Xi-jun Jin, Yang Liu, Shuang-lei Wang, Naijie Feng, K E Xiwang, Lihua Yin, Dianfeng ZhengAbstract:Abstract The experiments were conducted for three consecutive years across 14 locations using 9 non-waxy Proso Millet genotypes and 16 locations using 7 waxy Proso Millet genotypes in China. The objectives of this study were to analyze yield stability and adaptability of Proso Millets and to evaluate the discrimination and representativeness of locations by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and genotype and genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot methods. Grain yields of Proso Millet genotypes were significantly influenced by environment (E), genotype (G) and their interaction (G×E) (P
