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Francis Gilbert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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monitoring of the endemic sinai baton blue butterfly pseudophilotes sinaicus in the st katherine Protectorate south sinai
Egyptian Journal of Biology, 2010Co-Authors: Francis Gilbert, S Rashad, M Kamel, Alaaeldin Soultan, Mike James, Samy ZalatAbstract:Results of the monitoring of the Sinai Baton Blue butterfly in its stronghold of Farsh Shoeib on Gebel Safsafa in the St Katherine Protectorate between 2004-9 is analysed to compare them with the detailed study of Mike James in 2002-3. The butterfly appears to have a three-year population cycle, with its population crashing regularly to very low levels. The conservation implications are discussed.
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genetic variability in the endemic bee anthophora pauperata among wadis in the st katherine Protectorate
2008Co-Authors: Mona Ali M Mahmoud, Samym Zalat, Somia S Elakkad, Francis GilbertAbstract:The genetic diversity and spatial genetic population structure of the solitary bee Anthophora pauperata Walker 1871, a species endemic to St Katherine Protectorate, were studied by RAPD markers in seven wadis in the St Katherine Protectorate, South Sinai, Egypt. High levels of genetic diversity were found, mostly within rather than among wadis, but there were highly significant genetic differences among sites, unrelated to geographic distances between them. Reasons for these patterns may lie in the territoriality and mating behaviour of these bees.
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bird surveys and distance sampling in st katherine Protectorate south sinai egypt in 2007
2007Co-Authors: White Mlj, Francis Gilbert, Samy Zalat, Drake CircusAbstract:Operation Wallacea and BioMAP Egypt conducted bird surveys and distance sampling in St Katherine Protectorate in June and July 2007. 18 repeat surveys in St Katherine City estimated bird abundance, diversity and density. 33 species were recorded, 17 during expeditions and 18 in St Katherine City. Rock Dove Columba livia, Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis and Sinai Rosefinch Carpodacus synoicus had the highest abundance and density in the repeated St Katherine surveys. A number of bird species that formerly appeared to be common in St Katherine Protectorate were detected only rarely or were not detected at all in recent surveys. Mourning Wheatear Oenanthe lugens and a number of Hooded Wheatear Oenanathe monacha were observed in a variety of surveys, but had probably been missed in 2006. A pair of Bonelli's Eagle Hieraaetus fasciatus was observed in Wadi Arbaein for the second year running. Early migrant warblers were noted on stopover in mid-July, such as Olive-tree Warbler Hippolais olivetorum and Orphean Warbler Sylvia hortensis. Remaining bird populations are threatened with increasing pressure from overgrazing, settlement, expanding tourism, illegal hunting and demands placed on scarce water resources. St Katherine Protectorate is an important area for both resident and migratory birds, and requires ongoing protection, management, and further research.
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vegetation and grazing in the st katherine Protectorate south sinai egypt
Egyptian Journal of Biology, 2005Co-Authors: Rebecca Guenther, Francis Gilbert, Samy Zalat, Kamel A SalemAbstract:Plants were surveyed in the St. Katherine Protectorate of South Sinai, Egypt. The most frequently recorded plant species include: Artemisia herba-alba, Artemisia judaica, Fagonia arabica, Fagonia mollis, Schismus barbatus, Stachys aegyptiaca, Tanacetum sinaicum, Teucrium polium and Zilla spinosa. Dominant plant families were Compositae, Graminae, Labiatae, and Leguminosae. Communities with a high grazing pressure had a lower overall plant vigour. A strong negative correlation was found between plant vigour and grazing pressure. Twelve plant families showed heavy grazing pressure, including Resedaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Polygalaceae, Juncaceae, Solanaceae, Geraniaceae, Ephedraceae, Globulariaceae, Urticaceae, Moraceae, Plantaginaceae, and Salicaceae.
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monitoring birds reptiles and butterflies in the st katherine Protectorate egypt
Egyptian Journal of Biology, 2005Co-Authors: K Meakin, Francis Gilbert, Samy Zalat, S R De Kort, H Gilbert, L Mohi, S Ibrahim, J GriffinAbstract:Fifty-two bird species were recorded during transect and point count surveys of wadis in the St Katherine Protectorate in the mountainous southern region of the Sinai, Egypt. Two species are new to Egypt: Rock Nuthatch (Sitta neumeyer) and Rock Sparrow (Petronia petronia). There were several other notable species: migrants such as Arabian Warbler (Sylvia leucomelaena) and Upcher’s warbler (Hippolais languida); and residents such as Verreaux’s Eagle (Aquila verreauxi), Hume’s Tawny Owl (Strix butleri) and Striated Scops Owl (Otus brucei). Estimates of bird density and descriptions of each wadi are given. Species diversity of wadis within the Ring dyke geological feature bounding the central mountain plateau was not significantly different from wadis outside. Species composition and numbers of individuals varied according to the distribution of water sources, natural trees and Bedouin gardens especially in fruit. These features appear to be particularly important as staging posts for migrants. Numbers of some birds increased around tourist areas. Observations of seven species of reptile and ten species of butterfly including endemics are also presented. Recorded numbers of all groups depended heavily on the time of day.
Samy Zalat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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polymorphism in the protein of the thoracic muscle of an endemic bee anthophora pauperata in the st katherine Protectorate
Egyptian Journal of Biology, 2010Co-Authors: Mona Ali M Mahmoud, Somia S Elakkad, Samy Zalat, Sanaa A AwniAbstract:Genetic variability of the solitary bee Anthophora pauperata, endemic to the St Katherine Protectorate, was assessed within and between seven wadis in South Sinai, Egypt. Low levels of variation were found, with most diversity within rather than between sites. There were a total of 34 bands, of which only seven were polymorphic among individuals.
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monitoring of the endemic sinai baton blue butterfly pseudophilotes sinaicus in the st katherine Protectorate south sinai
Egyptian Journal of Biology, 2010Co-Authors: Francis Gilbert, S Rashad, M Kamel, Alaaeldin Soultan, Mike James, Samy ZalatAbstract:Results of the monitoring of the Sinai Baton Blue butterfly in its stronghold of Farsh Shoeib on Gebel Safsafa in the St Katherine Protectorate between 2004-9 is analysed to compare them with the detailed study of Mike James in 2002-3. The butterfly appears to have a three-year population cycle, with its population crashing regularly to very low levels. The conservation implications are discussed.
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bird surveys and distance sampling in st katherine Protectorate south sinai egypt in 2007
2007Co-Authors: White Mlj, Francis Gilbert, Samy Zalat, Drake CircusAbstract:Operation Wallacea and BioMAP Egypt conducted bird surveys and distance sampling in St Katherine Protectorate in June and July 2007. 18 repeat surveys in St Katherine City estimated bird abundance, diversity and density. 33 species were recorded, 17 during expeditions and 18 in St Katherine City. Rock Dove Columba livia, Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis and Sinai Rosefinch Carpodacus synoicus had the highest abundance and density in the repeated St Katherine surveys. A number of bird species that formerly appeared to be common in St Katherine Protectorate were detected only rarely or were not detected at all in recent surveys. Mourning Wheatear Oenanthe lugens and a number of Hooded Wheatear Oenanathe monacha were observed in a variety of surveys, but had probably been missed in 2006. A pair of Bonelli's Eagle Hieraaetus fasciatus was observed in Wadi Arbaein for the second year running. Early migrant warblers were noted on stopover in mid-July, such as Olive-tree Warbler Hippolais olivetorum and Orphean Warbler Sylvia hortensis. Remaining bird populations are threatened with increasing pressure from overgrazing, settlement, expanding tourism, illegal hunting and demands placed on scarce water resources. St Katherine Protectorate is an important area for both resident and migratory birds, and requires ongoing protection, management, and further research.
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vegetation and grazing in the st katherine Protectorate south sinai egypt
Egyptian Journal of Biology, 2005Co-Authors: Rebecca Guenther, Francis Gilbert, Samy Zalat, Kamel A SalemAbstract:Plants were surveyed in the St. Katherine Protectorate of South Sinai, Egypt. The most frequently recorded plant species include: Artemisia herba-alba, Artemisia judaica, Fagonia arabica, Fagonia mollis, Schismus barbatus, Stachys aegyptiaca, Tanacetum sinaicum, Teucrium polium and Zilla spinosa. Dominant plant families were Compositae, Graminae, Labiatae, and Leguminosae. Communities with a high grazing pressure had a lower overall plant vigour. A strong negative correlation was found between plant vigour and grazing pressure. Twelve plant families showed heavy grazing pressure, including Resedaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Polygalaceae, Juncaceae, Solanaceae, Geraniaceae, Ephedraceae, Globulariaceae, Urticaceae, Moraceae, Plantaginaceae, and Salicaceae.
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monitoring birds reptiles and butterflies in the st katherine Protectorate egypt
Egyptian Journal of Biology, 2005Co-Authors: K Meakin, Francis Gilbert, Samy Zalat, S R De Kort, H Gilbert, L Mohi, S Ibrahim, J GriffinAbstract:Fifty-two bird species were recorded during transect and point count surveys of wadis in the St Katherine Protectorate in the mountainous southern region of the Sinai, Egypt. Two species are new to Egypt: Rock Nuthatch (Sitta neumeyer) and Rock Sparrow (Petronia petronia). There were several other notable species: migrants such as Arabian Warbler (Sylvia leucomelaena) and Upcher’s warbler (Hippolais languida); and residents such as Verreaux’s Eagle (Aquila verreauxi), Hume’s Tawny Owl (Strix butleri) and Striated Scops Owl (Otus brucei). Estimates of bird density and descriptions of each wadi are given. Species diversity of wadis within the Ring dyke geological feature bounding the central mountain plateau was not significantly different from wadis outside. Species composition and numbers of individuals varied according to the distribution of water sources, natural trees and Bedouin gardens especially in fruit. These features appear to be particularly important as staging posts for migrants. Numbers of some birds increased around tourist areas. Observations of seven species of reptile and ten species of butterfly including endemics are also presented. Recorded numbers of all groups depended heavily on the time of day.
Katherine E Hoffman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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berber law by french means customary courts in the moroccan hinterlands 1930 1956
Comparative Studies in Society and History, 2010Co-Authors: Katherine E HoffmanAbstract:As the French conquered Muslim lands in their nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century quest for empire, they encountered multiple and sometimes mixed judicial systems among the native populations. In many places, legal codes were shaped by either fiqh , meaning Islamic law, one component of which is customary law, or by non-Islamic custom, or some combination of the two. To administer native justice in French colonies and Protectorates, officials sorted through this multiplicity in order to standardize procedures, principles, and punishments. The standardization of customary law codes, whether written or oral prior to submission to the makhzan (the central Moroccan government, lit. “storehouse”) under the Protectorate, required that French officials both maintain pre-contact codes and create new institutions to administer and monitor them. Through new judicial bureaucracies, the French transformed indigenous law. Customary law was a “residual category” in the sense that it consisted of what remained after colonial powers ferreted out what they considered morally offensive and politically objectionable. Legal codification involved what Vincent calls “a compromise between those recognized as leading elements in indigenous societies and the colonial administrators who co-opted them.” Yet customary law, “if understood as allowing local people to do their own cultural ‘thing,’ should also be understood to have been a carefully restricted fragment of ‘tradition.’” This tradition when manifest as customary law “implies that there is a different kind of law with which it can be contrasted,” making customary law “the ongoing product of encounters between subordinate local political entities and dominant overarching ones.” In such encounters the distinction made between custom and law has long preoccupied legal historians, as well as anthropologists, colonial administrators, and importantly, lay people. Throughout French African colonies and Protectorates, this distinction was key to the French usurpation of social institutions, as was true in British overseas territories as well.
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purity and contamination language ideologies in french colonial native policy in morocco
Comparative Studies in Society and History, 2008Co-Authors: Katherine E HoffmanAbstract:Among French scholars and administrators during the French Protectorate of Morocco (1912–1956), especially prior to World War II, there was both a great belief in, and widespread suspicion of, a group's language as a reliable indicator of its ethnicity. Legend among the Ida ou Zeddout Berber people of southwestern Morocco holds that Captain Ropars, who ran the French Protectorate's Anti-Atlas mountain military post in Igherm from 1949–1954, not only spoke the Tashelhit Berber language, but also ordered the local men to do so under threat of imprisonment. “You're Ishelhin (Tashelhit speakers),” he allegedly told people in this collective memory as recounted to me. “You should speak Tashelhit, not Arabic.” The widespread eighteenth- and nineteenth- century idea of Volkgeist (‘soul of the folk’) that Ropars evoked has become commonplace today. A group's language is often considered to function as what Herder called the “treasury of the thought of an entire people” and “the mirror of its history, its deeds, joys and sorrows” (in Bauman and Briggs 2003: 169–70; see also Lorcin 1999: 44), and even what Abbey Condillac earlier called the “genius of each people” (Steedly 1996: 447). Captain Ropars followed Samuel Johnson's claim that identifying languages was the same as identifying “nations,” and, as Irvine and Gal paraphrase, “a logical first step in comparing, understanding, and ordering [nations'] relations to each other and to Europeans” (2000: 50). Yet, other French Protectorate administrators and scholars saw the link between language and primordial ethnicity as false, since histories of language use may be obscured or simply uninterrogated by a group's members.
Mona Ali M Mahmoud - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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polymorphism in the protein of the thoracic muscle of an endemic bee anthophora pauperata in the st katherine Protectorate
Egyptian Journal of Biology, 2010Co-Authors: Mona Ali M Mahmoud, Somia S Elakkad, Samy Zalat, Sanaa A AwniAbstract:Genetic variability of the solitary bee Anthophora pauperata, endemic to the St Katherine Protectorate, was assessed within and between seven wadis in South Sinai, Egypt. Low levels of variation were found, with most diversity within rather than between sites. There were a total of 34 bands, of which only seven were polymorphic among individuals.
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genetic variability in the endemic bee anthophora pauperata among wadis in the st katherine Protectorate
2008Co-Authors: Mona Ali M Mahmoud, Samym Zalat, Somia S Elakkad, Francis GilbertAbstract:The genetic diversity and spatial genetic population structure of the solitary bee Anthophora pauperata Walker 1871, a species endemic to St Katherine Protectorate, were studied by RAPD markers in seven wadis in the St Katherine Protectorate, South Sinai, Egypt. High levels of genetic diversity were found, mostly within rather than among wadis, but there were highly significant genetic differences among sites, unrelated to geographic distances between them. Reasons for these patterns may lie in the territoriality and mating behaviour of these bees.
Jerzy M Behnke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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spatial variation in the biodiversity of bedouin gardens in the st katherine Protectorate south sinai egypt
Egyptian Journal of Biology, 2001Co-Authors: Samy Zalat, Francis Gilbert, Fayez M Semida, Shereen El Banna, Ehab Sayed, Husam Elalqamy, Jerzy M BehnkeAbstract:Three wadi systems in the St. Katherine Protectorate (south Sinai, Egypt) were surveyed for spatial variation in the biodiversity of plants, flying and ground insects during August- September, 2000. Plant diversity and species richness were significantly different among the systems (the St. Katherine and Gebal systems were more diverse than the Gharaba system), and each system had characteristic groups of plant species. There were no significant differences in the diversity of flying insects among systems, perhaps because of their mobility. Nevertheless the St. Katherine system had the highest diversity, while Gharaba had the lowest one. In contrast, ground insects showed a different pattern of diversity: there were significant differences among systems, with the highest diversity and species richness recorded in the Gharaba system. The results indicate that the St. Katherine Protectorate is biologically very heterogeneous even among adjacent wadi systems that are physically very close and apparently have similar physical structure. This has important implications for conservation and management. KEY WORDS: insects, plants, gardens, Bedouin, St Katherine Protectorate, Sinai, Egypt Egyptian Journal of Biology Vol.3(2) 2001: 147-155
