The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Andreas Hejnol - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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molecular patterning during the development of phoronopsis harmeri reveals similarities to rhynchonelliform brachiopods
Evodevo, 2019Co-Authors: Carmen Andrikou, Mark Q. Martindale, Yale J. Passamaneck, Christopher J Lowe, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Phoronids, rhynchonelliform and linguliform brachiopods show striking similarities in their embryonic fate maps, in particular in their axis specification and regionalization. However, although brachiopod development has been studied in detail and demonstrated embryonic patterning as a causal factor of the gastrulation mode (protostomy vs deuterostomy), molecular descriptions are still missing in phoronids. To understand whether phoronids display underlying embryonic molecular mechanisms similar to those of brachiopods, here we report the expression patterns of anterior (otx, gsc, six3/6, nk2.1), posterior (cdx, bra) and endomesodermal (foxA, gata4/5/6, twist) markers during the development of the protostomic phoronid Phoronopsis harmeri. The transcription factors foxA, gata4/5/6 and cdx show conserved expression in patterning the development and regionalization of the phoronid embryonic gut, with foxA expressed in the presumptive foregut, gata4/5/6 demarcating the midgut and cdx confined to the hindgut. Furthermore, six3/6, usually a well-conserved anterior marker, shows a remarkably dynamic expression, demarcating not only the apical organ and the oral ectoderm, but also clusters of cells of the developing midgut and the anterior mesoderm, similar to what has been reported for brachiopods, bryozoans and some deuterostome Bilateria. Surprisingly, brachyury, a transcription factor often associated with gastrulation movements and mouth and hindgut development, seems not to be involved with these patterning events in phoronids. Our description and comparison of gene expression patterns with other studied Bilateria reveals that the timing of axis determination and cell fate distribution of the phoronid shows highest similarity to that of rhynchonelliform brachiopods, which is likely related to their shared protostomic mode of development. Despite these similarities, the phoronid Ph. harmeri also shows particularities in its development, which hint to divergences in the arrangement of gene regulatory networks responsible for germ layer formation and axis specification.
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Cluster analysis of rhodopsin type neuropeptide GPCRs
2018Co-Authors: Daniel Thiel, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Cluster analysis of rhodopsin type neuropeptide GPCRs, belonging to Xenacoelomorpha, Deuterostomia, Protostomia, Cnidaria. Programm: CLANS 2
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Cluster analysis of secretin type neuropeptide GPCR
2018Co-Authors: Daniel Thiel, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Cluster analysis of secretin type neuropeptide GPCRs, belonging to Xenacoelomorpha, Deuterostomia, Protostomia, Cnidaria. Programm: CLANS 2
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Alignment of rhodopsin type neuropeptide GPCRs
2018Co-Authors: Daniel Thiel, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Alignment of secretin type neuropeptide GPCRs, belonging to Xenacoelomorpha, Deuterostomia, Protostomia. 516 sequences, 453 amino acid position.
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Alignment of rhodopsin type neuropeptide GPCRs
2018Co-Authors: Daniel Thiel, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Alignment of rhodopsin type neuropeptide GPCRs, belonging to Xenacoelomorpha, Deuterostomia, Protostomia, Cnidaria. 1591 sequences, 271 amino acid position
Daniel Thiel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cluster analysis of rhodopsin type neuropeptide GPCRs
2018Co-Authors: Daniel Thiel, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Cluster analysis of rhodopsin type neuropeptide GPCRs, belonging to Xenacoelomorpha, Deuterostomia, Protostomia, Cnidaria. Programm: CLANS 2
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Cluster analysis of secretin type neuropeptide GPCR
2018Co-Authors: Daniel Thiel, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Cluster analysis of secretin type neuropeptide GPCRs, belonging to Xenacoelomorpha, Deuterostomia, Protostomia, Cnidaria. Programm: CLANS 2
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Alignment of rhodopsin type neuropeptide GPCRs
2018Co-Authors: Daniel Thiel, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Alignment of secretin type neuropeptide GPCRs, belonging to Xenacoelomorpha, Deuterostomia, Protostomia. 516 sequences, 453 amino acid position.
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Alignment of rhodopsin type neuropeptide GPCRs
2018Co-Authors: Daniel Thiel, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Alignment of rhodopsin type neuropeptide GPCRs, belonging to Xenacoelomorpha, Deuterostomia, Protostomia, Cnidaria. 1591 sequences, 271 amino acid position
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Phylogenetic analysis of secretin type neuropeptide GPCRs using RAxML.
2018Co-Authors: Daniel Thiel, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Phylogenetic analysis of aligned secretin type neuropeptide GPCRs, belonging to Xenacoelomorpha, Deuterostomia, Protostomia. Programm: RAxML v.8.2.9, amino acid substitution model: LG
Tadahiro Takeda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Synthetic studies on glycosphingolipids from Protostomia phyla: synthesis of glycosphingolipids from the parasite Schistosoma mansoni.
Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2010Co-Authors: Takayuki Kanaya, Tadahiro Takeda, Satomi Yagi, Frank Schweizer, Fumiyuki Kiuchi, Noriyasu HadaAbstract:Synthetic access to three neutral glycosphingolipids from the parasite Schistosoma mansoni adult worm has been achieved. These structures differ significantly from those of other parasites and exhibit a unique structural motif termed “schisto-core” consisting of GalNAcβ1→4Glcβ1→sequence. We have synthesized glycosphingolipids, β-D-GalNAcp-(1→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→1)Cer (1), β-D-GlcNAcp-(1→3)-β-D-GalNAcp-(1→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→1)Cer (2) and β-D-Galp-(1→4)-β-D-GlcNAcp-(1→3)-β-D-GalNAcp-(1→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→1)Cer (3).
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Synthetic Studies on Glycosphingolipids From Protostomia Phyla: Total Syntheses of Glycosphingolipids From the Parasite, Echinococcus Multilocularis
Carbohydrate research, 2004Co-Authors: Takeshi Yamamura, Noriyasu Hada, Asuka Kaburaki, Kimiaki Yamano, Tadahiro TakedaAbstract:Efficient and systematic syntheses of four neutral glycosphingolipids that have been isolated from the metacestodes of Echinococcus multilocularis have been achieved. A key step is the direct glycosylation of galactosyl donors using thioglycosides with benzoyl ceramide in the presence of N-iodosuccinimide (NIS)/TfOH, which gave the desired oligosaccharide derivatives. The fully protected glycosides 13, 20, 22 and 25 were deprotected to give four target glycosphingolipids (1-4).
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Synthetic studies on glycosphingolipids from the Protostomia phyla: syntheses of arthro-series glycosphingolipids.
Carbohydrate research, 2002Co-Authors: Isao Ohtsuka, Noriyasu Hada, Mutsumi Sugita, Tadahiro TakedaAbstract:Glycosphingolipids isolated from larvae of the green-bottle fly, Lucilia caesar, have quite unique structures containing GlcNAcbeta-(1 --> 3)-Man and GalNAcbeta-(1 --> 4)-GlcNAcbeta-(1 --> 3)-Man. We have synthesized two glycosphingolipids, beta-D-GlcNAcp-(1 --> 3)-beta-D-Manp-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-Glcp-(1 --> 1)-Cer and beta-D-GalNAcp-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-GlcNAcp-(1 --> 3)-beta-D-Manp-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-Glcp-(1 --> 1)-Cer. A key reaction in the synthetic sequence is the application of the intramolecular aglycon delivery (IAD) approach for the synthesis of the beta-mannopyranosidic linkages.
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Synthetic studies on glycosphingolipids from the Protostomia phyla: Syntheses of arthro-series glycosphingolipids
Carbohydrate Research, 2002Co-Authors: Isao Ohtsuka, Noriyasu Hada, Mutsumi Sugita, Tadahiro TakedaAbstract:Abstract Glycosphingolipids isolated from larvae of the green-bottle fly, Lucilia caesar , have quite unique structures containing GlcNAcβ-(1→3)-Man and GalNAcβ-(1→4)-GlcNAcβ-(1→3)-Man. We have synthesized two glycosphingolipids, β- d -GlcNAc p -(1→3)-β- d -Man p -(1→4)-β- d -Glc p -(1→1)-Cer and β- d -GalNAc p -(1→4)-β- d -GlcNAc p -(1→3)-β- d -Man p -(1→4)-β- d -Glc p -(1→1)-Cer. A key reaction in the synthetic sequence is the application of the intramolecular aglycon delivery (IAD) approach for the synthesis of the β-mannopyranosidic linkages.
Richard Benton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Distinct combinations of variant ionotropic glutamate receptors mediate thermosensation and hygrosensation in Drosophila
eLife, 2016Co-Authors: Zachary A Knecht, Ana F. Silbering, Mason Klein, Gonzalo Budelli, Rati Bell, Liliane Abuin, Anggie J Ferrer, Aravinthan D. T. Samuel, Richard BentonAbstract:Ionotropic Receptors (IRs) are a large subfamily of variant ionotropic glutamate receptors present across Protostomia. While these receptors are most extensively studied for their roles in chemosensory detection, recent work has implicated two family members, IR21a and IR25a, in thermosensation in Drosophila. Here we characterize one of the most evolutionarily deeply conserved receptors, IR93a, and show that it is co-expressed and functions with IR21a and IR25a to mediate physiological and behavioral responses to cool temperatures. IR93a is also co-expressed with IR25a and a distinct receptor, IR40a, in a discrete population of sensory neurons in the sacculus, a multi-chambered pocket within the antenna. We demonstrate that this combination of receptors is required for neuronal responses to dry air and behavioral discrimination of humidity differences. Our results identify IR93a as a common component of molecularly and cellularly distinct IR pathways important for thermosensation and hygrosensation in insects.
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Distinct combinations of variant ionotropic glutamate receptors mediate thermosensation and hygrosensation in Drosophila
2016Co-Authors: Zachary A Knecht, Ana F. Silbering, Mason Klein, Gonzalo Budelli, Rati Bell, Liliane Abuin, Anggie J Ferrer, Aravinthan D. T. Samuel, Richard BentonAbstract:Ionotropic Receptors (IRs) are a large subfamily of variant ionotropic glutamate receptors present across Protostomia. While these receptors are most extensively studied for their roles in chemosensory detection in insects, recent work has implicated two family members, IR21a and IR25a, in thermosensation in Drosophila. Here we characterize one of the most deeply conserved receptors, IR93a, and show that it is co-expressed and functions with IR21a and IR25a to mediate physiological and behavioral responses to cool temperatures. IR93a is also co-expressed with IR25a and a distinct receptor, IR40a, in a discrete population of sensory neurons in the sacculus, a multi-chambered pocket within the antenna. We demonstrate that this combination of receptors is important for neuronal responses to dry air and behavioral discrimination of humidity differences. Our results identify IR93a as a common component of molecularly and cellularly distinct IR pathways underlying thermosensation and hygrosensation in insects.
Frank Hauser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evolution of the akh corazonin acp gnrh receptor superfamily and their ligands in the Protostomia
General and Comparative Endocrinology, 2014Co-Authors: Frank Hauser, Cornelis J P GrimmelikhuijzenAbstract:In this review we trace the evolutionary connections between GnRH receptors from vertebrates and the receptors for adipokinetic hormone (AKH), AKH/corazonin-related peptide (ACP), and corazonin from arthropods. We conclude that these G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are closely related and have a common evolutionary origin, which dates back to the split of Proto- and Deuterostomia, about 700 million years ago. We propose that in the Protostomian lineage, the ancestral GnRH-like receptor gene duplicated as did its GnRH-like ligand gene, followed by diversification, leading to (i) a corazonin receptor gene and a corazonin-like ligand gene, and (ii) an AKH receptor gene and an AKH-like ligand gene in the Mollusca and Annelida. Subsequently, the AKH receptor and ligand genes duplicated once more, yielding the situation that we know from arthropods today, where three independent hormonal systems exist, signalling with AKH, ACP, and corazonin. Our model for the evolution of GnRH signaling in the Protostomia is a striking example of receptor–ligand co-evolution. This model has been developed using several bioinformatics tools (TBLASTN searches, phylogenetic tree analyses), which also helped us to annotate six novel AKH preprohormones and their corresponding AKH sequences from the following molluscs: the sea hare Aplysia californica (AKH sequence: pQIHFSPDWGTamide), the sea slug Tritonia diomedea (pQIHFSPGWEPamide), the fresh water snail Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos (pQIHFTPGWGSamide), the owl limpet Lottia gigantea (pQIHFSPTWGSamide), the oyster Crassostrea gigas (pQVSFSTNWGSamide), and the freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii (pQISFSTNWGSamide). We also found AKHs in the tardigrade Hysibius dujardini (pQLSFTGWGHamide), the rotifer Brachionus calycifloros (pQLTFSSDWSGamide), and the penis worm Priapulus caudatus (pQIFFSKGWRGamide). This is the first report, showing that AKH signaling is widespread in molluscs.
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Evolution of the AKH/corazonin/ACP/GnRH receptor superfamily and their ligands in the Protostomia.
General and Comparative Endocrinology, 2014Co-Authors: Frank Hauser, Cornelis J P GrimmelikhuijzenAbstract:In this review we trace the evolutionary connections between GnRH receptors from vertebrates and the receptors for adipokinetic hormone (AKH), AKH/corazonin-related peptide (ACP), and corazonin from arthropods. We conclude that these G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are closely related and have a common evolutionary origin, which dates back to the split of Proto- and Deuterostomia, about 700 million years ago. We propose that in the Protostomian lineage, the ancestral GnRH-like receptor gene duplicated as did its GnRH-like ligand gene, followed by diversification, leading to (i) a corazonin receptor gene and a corazonin-like ligand gene, and (ii) an AKH receptor gene and an AKH-like ligand gene in the Mollusca and Annelida. Subsequently, the AKH receptor and ligand genes duplicated once more, yielding the situation that we know from arthropods today, where three independent hormonal systems exist, signalling with AKH, ACP, and corazonin. Our model for the evolution of GnRH signaling in the Protostomia is a striking example of receptor–ligand co-evolution. This model has been developed using several bioinformatics tools (TBLASTN searches, phylogenetic tree analyses), which also helped us to annotate six novel AKH preprohormones and their corresponding AKH sequences from the following molluscs: the sea hare Aplysia californica (AKH sequence: pQIHFSPDWGTamide), the sea slug Tritonia diomedea (pQIHFSPGWEPamide), the fresh water snail Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos (pQIHFTPGWGSamide), the owl limpet Lottia gigantea (pQIHFSPTWGSamide), the oyster Crassostrea gigas (pQVSFSTNWGSamide), and the freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii (pQISFSTNWGSamide). We also found AKHs in the tardigrade Hysibius dujardini (pQLSFTGWGHamide), the rotifer Brachionus calycifloros (pQLTFSSDWSGamide), and the penis worm Priapulus caudatus (pQIFFSKGWRGamide). This is the first report, showing that AKH signaling is widespread in molluscs.
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Mini-review: The evolution of neuropeptide signaling
Regulatory Peptides, 2012Co-Authors: Cornelis J P Grimmelikhuijzen, Frank HauserAbstract:Abstract Neuropeptides and their G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have an early evolutionary origin and are already abundant in basal animals with primitive nervous systems such as cnidarians ( Hydra , jellyfishes, corals, and sea anemones). Most animals emerging after the Cnidaria belong to two evolutionary lineages, the Protostomia (to which the majority of invertebrates belong) and Deuterostomia (to which some minor groups of invertebrates, and all vertebrates belong). These two lineages split about 700 million years (Myr) ago. Many mammalian neuropeptide GPCRs have orthologues in the Protostomia and this is also true for some of the mammalian neuropeptides. Examples are oxytocin/vasopressin, GnRH, gastrin/CCK, and neuropeptide Y and their GPCRs. These results implicate that protostomes (for example insects and nematodes) can be used as models to study the biology of neuropeptide signaling.
