The Experts below are selected from a list of 261 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Thomas Tobin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt: synthesis, analytical detection, and pharmacokinetics in the horse.
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2011Co-Authors: Levent Dirikolu, W. Karpiesiuk, Andreas F. Lehner, Thomas TobinAbstract:Dirikolu, L., Karpiesiuk, W., Lehner, A. F., Tobin, T. Toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt: synthesis, analytical detection, and pharmacokinetics in the Horse. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 35, 265–274. Toltrazuril sulfone (ponazuril) is a triazine-based antiProtozoal agent with clinical application in the treatment of equine Protozoal myeloencephalomyelitis (EPM). In this study, we synthesized and determined the bioavailability of a sodium salt formulation of toltrazuril sulfone that can be used for the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM in horses. Toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt was rapidly absorbed, with a mean peak plasma concentration of 2400 ± 169 (SEM) ng/mL occurring at 8 h after oral-mucosal dosing and was about 56% bioavailable compared with the i.v. administration of toltrazuril sulfone in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The relative bioavailability of toltrazuril sulfone suspended in water compared with toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt was 46%, indicating approximately 54% less oral bioavailability of this compound suspended in water. In this study, we also investigated whether this salt formulation of toltrazuril sulfone can be used as a feed additive formulation without significant reduction in oral bioavailability. Our results indicated that toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt is relatively well absorbed when administered with feed with a mean oral bioavailability of 52%. Based on these data, repeated oral administration of toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt with or without feed will yield effective plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of toltrazuril sulfone for the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM and other Protozoal Diseases of horses and other species. As such, toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt has the potential to be used as feed additive formulations for both the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM and various other apicomplexan Diseases.
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Toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt: synthesis, analytical detection, and pharmacokinetics in the horse.
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2011Co-Authors: Levent Dirikolu, W. Karpiesiuk, Andreas F. Lehner, Thomas TobinAbstract:Toltrazuril sulfone (ponazuril) is a triazine-based antiProtozoal agent with clinical application in the treatment of equine Protozoal myeloencephalomyelitis (EPM). In this study, we synthesized and determined the bioavailability of a sodium salt formulation of toltrazuril sulfone that can be used for the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM in horses. Toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt was rapidly absorbed, with a mean peak plasma concentration of 2400 ± 169 (SEM) ng/mL occurring at 8 h after oral-mucosal dosing and was about 56% bioavailable compared with the i.v. administration of toltrazuril sulfone in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The relative bioavailability of toltrazuril sulfone suspended in water compared with toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt was 46%, indicating approximately 54% less oral bioavailability of this compound suspended in water. In this study, we also investigated whether this salt formulation of toltrazuril sulfone can be used as a feed additive formulation without significant reduction in oral bioavailability. Our results indicated that toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt is relatively well absorbed when administered with feed with a mean oral bioavailability of 52%. Based on these data, repeated oral administration of toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt with or without feed will yield effective plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of toltrazuril sulfone for the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM and other Protozoal Diseases of horses and other species. As such, toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt has the potential to be used as feed additive formulations for both the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM and various other apicomplexan Diseases.
Chitra Mandal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sialoglycotherapeutics in Protozoal Diseases
Mini-reviews in Medicinal Chemistry, 2008Co-Authors: Angana Ghoshal, Sumi Bandyopadhyay, Chitra MandalAbstract:The manipulation of glycosylation, mainly sialylation, holds enormous potential for understanding the biological functions of glycoproteins and glycolipids to treat many Diseases. The existing knowledge in the field of glycobiology is exploited by glycotherapeutics for combating protozoan Diseases. This review focuses on the development of novel glycobiological therapeutic strategies in the field of protozoan infections.
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Sialoglycans in Protozoal Diseases: Their detection, modes of acquisition and emerging biological roles
Glycoconjugate Journal, 2003Co-Authors: Anil K. Chava, Sumi Bandyopadhyay, Mitali Chatterjee, Chitra MandalAbstract:Protozoan parasites including Plasmodia , Leishmania , Trypanosoma , Entamoeba , Trichomonas and others cause Diseases in humans and domestic livestock having far-reaching socio-economic implications. They show remarkable propensity to survive within hostile environments encountered during their life cycle, and the identification of molecules that enable them to survive in such milieu is a subject of intense research. Currently available knowledge of the parasite cell surface architecture and biochemistry indicates that sialic acid and its principle derivatives are major components of the glycocalyx and assist the parasite to interact with its external environment through functions ranging from parasite survival, infectivity and host-cell recognition. This review highlights the present state of knowledge with regard to parasite sialobiology with an emphasis on its mode(s) of acquisition and their emerging biological roles, notably as an anti-recognition molecule thereby aiding the pathogen to evade host defense mechanisms. Published in 2004.
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sialoglycans in Protozoal Diseases their detection modes of acquisition and emerging biological roles
Glycoconjugate Journal, 2003Co-Authors: Anil K. Chava, Sumi Bandyopadhyay, Mitali Chatterjee, Chitra MandalAbstract:Protozoan parasites including Plasmodia, Leishmania, Trypanosoma, Entamoeba, Trichomonas and others cause Diseases in humans and domestic livestock having far-reaching socio-economic implications. They show remarkable propensity to survive within hostile environments encountered during their life cycle, and the identification of molecules that enable them to survive in such milieu is a subject of intense research. Currently available knowledge of the parasite cell surface architecture and biochemistry indicates that sialic acid and its principle derivatives are major components of the glycocalyx and assist the parasite to interact with its external environment through functions ranging from parasite survival, infectivity and host-cell recognition. This review highlights the present state of knowledge with regard to parasite sialobiology with an emphasis on its mode(s) of acquisition and their emerging biological roles, notably as an anti-recognition molecule thereby aiding the pathogen to evade host defense mechanisms.
Th P M Schetters - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vaccines against Protozoal Diseases of veterinary importance
Fems Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 1996Co-Authors: A W C A Cornelissen, Th P M SchettersAbstract:Protozoan parasites are important animal and human pathogens. At present, most of these infections are controlled by chemotherapy. In addition, vaccines are available for some of these Diseases. There is, however, still an urgent need for the development of vaccines against Protozoal Diseases, since the current array of available vaccines is very limited. This review describes the different approaches that have been taken to develop such vaccines and discusses the difficulties that hampered vaccine development. Many of the problems are related to the complex life cycle of these parasites and the virtual lack of mass in vitro culture systems. We also give an overview of the commercial and non-commercial vaccines that do exist at present. Finally, we describe the future directions of this interesting field. New techniques and strategies include parasite cultivation methods and recombinant-DNA techniques, such as vector vaccines and DNA-vaccines. Moreover, these approaches are complemented by the development of sophisticated adjuvants; the coupling of immunoprotective molecules to entities with adjuvant activity or the use of cytokines, e.g. IL-12. Through these innovations new vaccines against Protozoal Diseases will become available in the near future.
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review articlevaccines against Protozoal Diseases of veterinary importance
Fems Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 1996Co-Authors: A W C A Cornelissen, Th P M SchettersAbstract:Protozoan parasites are important animal and human pathogens. At present, most of these infections are controlled by chemotherapy. In addition, vaccines are available for some of these Diseases. There is, however, still an urgent need for the development of vaccines against Protozoal Diseases, since the current array of available vaccines is very limited. This review describes the different approaches that have been taken to develop such vaccines and discusses the difficulties that hampered vaccine development. Many of the problems are related to the complex life cycle of these parasites and the virtual lack of mass in vitro culture systems. We also give an overview of the commercial and non-commercial vaccines that do exist at present. Finally, we describe the future directions of this interesting field. New techniques and strategies include parasite cultivation methods and recombinant-DNA techniques, such as vector vaccines and DNA-vaccines. Moreover, these approaches are complemented by the development of sophisticated adjuvants; the coupling of immunoprotective molecules to entities with adjuvant activity or the use of cytokines, e.g. IL-12. Through these innovations new vaccines against Protozoal Diseases will become available in the near future.
Levent Dirikolu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt: synthesis, analytical detection, and pharmacokinetics in the horse.
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2011Co-Authors: Levent Dirikolu, W. Karpiesiuk, Andreas F. Lehner, Thomas TobinAbstract:Dirikolu, L., Karpiesiuk, W., Lehner, A. F., Tobin, T. Toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt: synthesis, analytical detection, and pharmacokinetics in the Horse. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 35, 265–274. Toltrazuril sulfone (ponazuril) is a triazine-based antiProtozoal agent with clinical application in the treatment of equine Protozoal myeloencephalomyelitis (EPM). In this study, we synthesized and determined the bioavailability of a sodium salt formulation of toltrazuril sulfone that can be used for the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM in horses. Toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt was rapidly absorbed, with a mean peak plasma concentration of 2400 ± 169 (SEM) ng/mL occurring at 8 h after oral-mucosal dosing and was about 56% bioavailable compared with the i.v. administration of toltrazuril sulfone in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The relative bioavailability of toltrazuril sulfone suspended in water compared with toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt was 46%, indicating approximately 54% less oral bioavailability of this compound suspended in water. In this study, we also investigated whether this salt formulation of toltrazuril sulfone can be used as a feed additive formulation without significant reduction in oral bioavailability. Our results indicated that toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt is relatively well absorbed when administered with feed with a mean oral bioavailability of 52%. Based on these data, repeated oral administration of toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt with or without feed will yield effective plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of toltrazuril sulfone for the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM and other Protozoal Diseases of horses and other species. As such, toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt has the potential to be used as feed additive formulations for both the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM and various other apicomplexan Diseases.
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Toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt: synthesis, analytical detection, and pharmacokinetics in the horse.
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2011Co-Authors: Levent Dirikolu, W. Karpiesiuk, Andreas F. Lehner, Thomas TobinAbstract:Toltrazuril sulfone (ponazuril) is a triazine-based antiProtozoal agent with clinical application in the treatment of equine Protozoal myeloencephalomyelitis (EPM). In this study, we synthesized and determined the bioavailability of a sodium salt formulation of toltrazuril sulfone that can be used for the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM in horses. Toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt was rapidly absorbed, with a mean peak plasma concentration of 2400 ± 169 (SEM) ng/mL occurring at 8 h after oral-mucosal dosing and was about 56% bioavailable compared with the i.v. administration of toltrazuril sulfone in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The relative bioavailability of toltrazuril sulfone suspended in water compared with toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt was 46%, indicating approximately 54% less oral bioavailability of this compound suspended in water. In this study, we also investigated whether this salt formulation of toltrazuril sulfone can be used as a feed additive formulation without significant reduction in oral bioavailability. Our results indicated that toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt is relatively well absorbed when administered with feed with a mean oral bioavailability of 52%. Based on these data, repeated oral administration of toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt with or without feed will yield effective plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of toltrazuril sulfone for the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM and other Protozoal Diseases of horses and other species. As such, toltrazuril sulfone sodium salt has the potential to be used as feed additive formulations for both the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM and various other apicomplexan Diseases.
A W C A Cornelissen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vaccines against Protozoal Diseases of veterinary importance
Fems Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 1996Co-Authors: A W C A Cornelissen, Th P M SchettersAbstract:Protozoan parasites are important animal and human pathogens. At present, most of these infections are controlled by chemotherapy. In addition, vaccines are available for some of these Diseases. There is, however, still an urgent need for the development of vaccines against Protozoal Diseases, since the current array of available vaccines is very limited. This review describes the different approaches that have been taken to develop such vaccines and discusses the difficulties that hampered vaccine development. Many of the problems are related to the complex life cycle of these parasites and the virtual lack of mass in vitro culture systems. We also give an overview of the commercial and non-commercial vaccines that do exist at present. Finally, we describe the future directions of this interesting field. New techniques and strategies include parasite cultivation methods and recombinant-DNA techniques, such as vector vaccines and DNA-vaccines. Moreover, these approaches are complemented by the development of sophisticated adjuvants; the coupling of immunoprotective molecules to entities with adjuvant activity or the use of cytokines, e.g. IL-12. Through these innovations new vaccines against Protozoal Diseases will become available in the near future.
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review articlevaccines against Protozoal Diseases of veterinary importance
Fems Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 1996Co-Authors: A W C A Cornelissen, Th P M SchettersAbstract:Protozoan parasites are important animal and human pathogens. At present, most of these infections are controlled by chemotherapy. In addition, vaccines are available for some of these Diseases. There is, however, still an urgent need for the development of vaccines against Protozoal Diseases, since the current array of available vaccines is very limited. This review describes the different approaches that have been taken to develop such vaccines and discusses the difficulties that hampered vaccine development. Many of the problems are related to the complex life cycle of these parasites and the virtual lack of mass in vitro culture systems. We also give an overview of the commercial and non-commercial vaccines that do exist at present. Finally, we describe the future directions of this interesting field. New techniques and strategies include parasite cultivation methods and recombinant-DNA techniques, such as vector vaccines and DNA-vaccines. Moreover, these approaches are complemented by the development of sophisticated adjuvants; the coupling of immunoprotective molecules to entities with adjuvant activity or the use of cytokines, e.g. IL-12. Through these innovations new vaccines against Protozoal Diseases will become available in the near future.
