The Experts below are selected from a list of 130236 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Philippe Rozenberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The effect of climate on wood density: What Provenance trials tell us?
Forest Ecology and Management, 2018Co-Authors: Cristina Nabais, Jon Kehlet Hansen, Rakefet David-schwartz, Marcin Klisz, Rosa Ana Lopez Rodriguez, Philippe RozenbergAbstract:Wood density, considered a heritable trait, is often associated with drought tolerance and can be a useful trait for tree breeders to select drought-tolerant Provenances. Provenance trials are a useful tool to disentangle genetic variation from plasticity of adaptive traits among populations within the same species. If wood density is a strongly heritable trait selected by climatic conditions, we hypothesize that its variation in Provenance trials should be shaped by the Provenance climatic variables. To test our hypothesis we collected wood density data of Provenance trials from the literature. We used thirty publications published between 1966 and 2015 including 25 species (13 angiosperms and 12 gymnosperms). At the intraspecific level, eight species showed significant positive correlations between wood density and drought conditions of the Provenance, two species showed the opposite trend and the remaining 15 species showed no correlation with the climatic conditions of the Provenances. For the 10 species with wood density strongly linked to the climatic conditions of the Provenance, such relationship reflects a strong genetic determinism and a theoretical fitness optimum. For the other 15 species, wood density does not seem to be the main selection target of drought. This information is critical in the frame of breeding programs for selecting Provenances more adaptable to different climate change scenarios.
Jon Kehlet Hansen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The effect of climate on wood density: What Provenance trials tell us?
Forest Ecology and Management, 2018Co-Authors: Cristina Nabais, Jon Kehlet Hansen, Rakefet David-schwartz, Marcin Klisz, Rosa Ana Lopez Rodriguez, Philippe RozenbergAbstract:Wood density, considered a heritable trait, is often associated with drought tolerance and can be a useful trait for tree breeders to select drought-tolerant Provenances. Provenance trials are a useful tool to disentangle genetic variation from plasticity of adaptive traits among populations within the same species. If wood density is a strongly heritable trait selected by climatic conditions, we hypothesize that its variation in Provenance trials should be shaped by the Provenance climatic variables. To test our hypothesis we collected wood density data of Provenance trials from the literature. We used thirty publications published between 1966 and 2015 including 25 species (13 angiosperms and 12 gymnosperms). At the intraspecific level, eight species showed significant positive correlations between wood density and drought conditions of the Provenance, two species showed the opposite trend and the remaining 15 species showed no correlation with the climatic conditions of the Provenances. For the 10 species with wood density strongly linked to the climatic conditions of the Provenance, such relationship reflects a strong genetic determinism and a theoretical fitness optimum. For the other 15 species, wood density does not seem to be the main selection target of drought. This information is critical in the frame of breeding programs for selecting Provenances more adaptable to different climate change scenarios.
-
geographical variation in phenology of quercus petraea matt liebl and quercus robur l oak grown in a greenhouse
Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 2008Co-Authors: Jan Svejgaard Jensen, Jon Kehlet HansenAbstract:Abstract Twenty-three Provenances of Quercus robur and four of Quercus petraea were tested in a nursery indoor Provenance trial. The Provenances were sampled in the northern region of Europe. The study revealed large Provenance variation in growth, flushing and leaf yellowing. Provenances from Finland and Norway were slow growing compared with those from Denmark, which showed slower growth than Polish, German, Dutch and British Provenances. Northern Provenances had a slightly significant earlier flushing than southern Provenances. Provenances from the Netherlands and the British Isles ceased growth significantly later than Provenances from Finland, Norway and Sweden. No significant correlations were revealed between leaf yellowing and growth, flushing and growth or length of growing season and growth, but Provenances with late leaf yellowing tended to have higher growth. Provenance and family variation were compared among five Danish Provenances. High population differentiation of quantitative traits Q ST...
-
European silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) Provenances from Calabria, southern Italy: 15-year results from Danish Provenance field trials
European Journal of Forest Research, 2004Co-Authors: Jon Kehlet Hansen, Jørgen Bo LarsenAbstract:Height after 15 years, bud burst and mortality varied significantly among 13 southern Italian (Calabrian), a central Italian, a German (Schwarzwald), a Romanian (Carpathian), and a Danish Provenance of silver fir ( Abies alba Mill.) tested in two field trials in Denmark. The variation in height was especially observed in the field trial that was well protected against late frost in the spring and early frost in the fall by a shelter wood of larch. Provenances from the region of Serra San Bruno (Calabria) and two Provenances from the region of Gariglione (Calabria) showed superior height growth at this site compared with the remaining Provenances. Height was below average for two Provenances from the region of Aspromonte (Calabria). The variation in height correlated significantly with biomasses of the same Provenances obtained in early tests. Bud burst was earlier among Provenances from the regions of Serra San Bruno and Aspromonte. These were also characterised by poor winter-frost resistance in early tests. The Romanian Provenance was not represented in the shelter wood trial. The variation in height between Provenances in the other field trial was mainly due to the Romanian and the Danish Provenance with superior and poorer growth respectively. Otherwise, differences between the remaining Provenances were not significant at this site probably due to the influence of frost. Provenances with poor winter-frost resistance had higher mortality at this site.
John C. Weber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Genetic variation and clines in growth and survival of Prosopis africana from Burkina Faso and Niger: comparing results and conclusions from a nursery test and a long-term field test in Niger
Euphytica, 2015Co-Authors: John C. Weber, Carmen Sotelo Montes, Antoine Kalinganire, Tougiani Abasse, Mahamane LarwanouAbstract:Rural communities in West Africa value Prosopis africana for its wood and other essential products and environmental services. The climate is becoming hotter and drier with more variable rainfall, so it is important to identify Provenances that are better adapted to a hotter, drier climate. Some tree improvement research programs use nursery tests to identify better adapted Provenances, but are conclusions comparable to those from field tests? We analyzed data (height, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, root/shoot ratio, survival) from a Provenance/progeny nursery test of P. africana at 8 months, and compared the results with a field test at 11 and 13 years. The tests included 275 families from 28 Provenances in the Sahelian and Sudanian ecozones of Burkina Faso and Niger, and were established at one relatively dry site in Niger. The proportion of total variance due to Provenances and families within Provenances was greatest for root/shoot ratio, and root/shoot ratio had the highest heritability of growth variables in the nursery. Provenances with smaller seedlings and larger root/shoot ratios in the nursery had better growth and survival in the field, and were from drier locations. Mean annual rainfall of Provenances was the best predictor of Provenance growth and survival in the field, followed by Provenance height and root/shoot ratio in the nursery. We recommend that tree improvement research programs in the Sahelian and Sudanian ecozones of West Africa identify P. africana Provenances that are from drier locations and have smaller seedlings and larger root/shoot ratios in the nursery for planting in agroforestry projects in rural communities.
-
Genetic variation in wood density and correlations with tree growth in Prosopis africana from Burkina Faso and Niger
Annals of Forest Science, 2009Co-Authors: Carmen Sotelo Montes, John C. WeberAbstract:Variation in wood basic density and its correlation with tree growth were investigated at 13 years in a Provenance/progeny test of Prosopis africana in Niger. The test included progeny from 256 trees sampled from 24 Provenances in the Sahelian ecozone of Burkina Faso and Niger. * Variation in wood density was significant due to Provenances and families within Provenances. Individual tree heritability was higher for wood density than for growth traits. Provenance means for wood density increased from the more humid to the drier parts of the sample region. Phenotypic correlations indicated that larger trees tended to have denser wood.* Clines suggest that natural populations of P. africana from the drier parts of the sample region have the genetic capacity to produce denser wood, compared with populations from the more humid parts of the region. Correlations and heritability estimates suggest that selection of faster-growing trees may produce a small gain in wood volume but little (if any) gain in density in the subsequent generation. Multi-location Provenance/tests are needed to confirm this tentative conclusion.
María Brígida Fernández De Simón - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Fagus sylvatica L. Provenances maintain different leaf metabolic profiles and functional response
Acta Oecologica, 2017Co-Authors: Ismael Aranda, David Sánchez-gómez, Marina De Miguel Vega, Jose Antonio Mancha, María Angeles Guevara, Estrella Cadahía, María Brígida Fernández De SimónAbstract:Most temperate forest tree species will suffer important environmental changes as result of the climate change. Adaptiveness to local conditions could change at different sites in the future. In this context, the study of intra-specific variability is important to clarify the singularity of different local populations. Phenotypic differentiation between three beech Provenances covering a wide latitudinal range (Spain/ES, Germany/DE and Sweden/SE), was studied in a greenhouse experiment. Non-target leaf metabolite profiles and ecophysiological response was analyzed in well-watered and water stressed seedlings. There was a Provenance-specific pattern in the relative concentrations of some leaf metabolites regardless watering treatment. The DE and SE from the center and north of the distribution area of the species showed a clear differentiation from the ES Provenance in the relative concentration of some metabolites. Thus the ES Provenance from the south maintained larger relative concentration of some organic and amino acids (e.g. fumaric and succinic acids or valine and isoleucine), and in some secondary metabolites (e.g. kaempferol, caffeic and ferulic acids). The ecophysiological response to mild water stress was similar among the three Provenances as a consequence of the moderate water stress applied to seedlings, although leaf N isotope composition (δ15N) and leaf C:N ratio were higher and lower respectively in DE than in the other two Provenances. This would suggest potential differences in the capacity to uptake and post-process nitrogen according to Provenance. An important focus of the study was to address for the first time inter-Provenance leaf metabolic diversity in beech from a non-targeted metabolic profiling approach that allowed differentiation of the three studied Provenances.
Cristina Nabais - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The effect of climate on wood density: What Provenance trials tell us?
Forest Ecology and Management, 2018Co-Authors: Cristina Nabais, Jon Kehlet Hansen, Rakefet David-schwartz, Marcin Klisz, Rosa Ana Lopez Rodriguez, Philippe RozenbergAbstract:Wood density, considered a heritable trait, is often associated with drought tolerance and can be a useful trait for tree breeders to select drought-tolerant Provenances. Provenance trials are a useful tool to disentangle genetic variation from plasticity of adaptive traits among populations within the same species. If wood density is a strongly heritable trait selected by climatic conditions, we hypothesize that its variation in Provenance trials should be shaped by the Provenance climatic variables. To test our hypothesis we collected wood density data of Provenance trials from the literature. We used thirty publications published between 1966 and 2015 including 25 species (13 angiosperms and 12 gymnosperms). At the intraspecific level, eight species showed significant positive correlations between wood density and drought conditions of the Provenance, two species showed the opposite trend and the remaining 15 species showed no correlation with the climatic conditions of the Provenances. For the 10 species with wood density strongly linked to the climatic conditions of the Provenance, such relationship reflects a strong genetic determinism and a theoretical fitness optimum. For the other 15 species, wood density does not seem to be the main selection target of drought. This information is critical in the frame of breeding programs for selecting Provenances more adaptable to different climate change scenarios.
