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Arvind Varsani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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global genetic diversity and geographical and host species distribution of beak and feather disease virus isolates
Journal of General Virology, 2011Co-Authors: Arvind Varsani, Guy L Regnard, R R Bragg, Inga I Hitzeroth, Edward P RybickiAbstract:Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) has a broad host range and is widespread in wild and captive Psittacine populations in Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe and Australasia. Beak and feather disease circovirus (BFDV) is the causative agent. BFDV has an ∼2 kb single stranded circular DNA genome encoding just two proteins (Rep and CP). In this study we provide support for demarcation of BFDV strains by phylogenetic analysis of 65 complete genomes from databases and 22 new BFDV sequences isolated from infected Psittacines in South Africa. We propose 94% genome-wide sequence identity as a strain demarcation threshold, with isolates sharing >94% identity belonging to the same strain, and strain subtypes sharing >98% identity. Currently, BFDV diversity falls within 14 strains, with five highly divergent isolates from budgerigars probably representing a new species of circovirus with three strains (budgerigar circovirus; BCV-A, -B and -C). The geographical distribution of BFDV and BCV strains is strongly linked to the international trade in exotic birds; strains with more than one host are generally located in the same geographical area. Lastly, we examined BFDV and BCV sequences for evidence of recombination, and determined that recombination had occurred in most BFDV and BCV strains. We established that there were two globally significant recombination hotspots in the viral genome: the first is along the entire intergenic region and the second is in the C-terminal portion of the CP ORF. The implications of our results for the taxonomy and classification of circoviruses are discussed.
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a new isolate of beak and feather disease virus from endemic wild red fronted parakeets cyanoramphus novaezelandiae in new zealand
Archives of Virology, 2010Co-Authors: Luis Ortizcatedral, Brigitta Kurenbach, Melanie Massaro, Kate Mcinnes, Dianne H Brunton, Mark E Hauber, Darren P Martin, Arvind VarsaniAbstract:Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a viral disease distributed worldwide with a potentially critical impact on many rare parrots. While efforts have been made to determine its prevalence in wild and captive Psittacines, only limited work has been done to document complete genomes of its causative agent, beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). Here, we describe five full genomes of BFDV isolated from wild specimens of an endemic New Zealand parrot, the red-fronted parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae). The isolates share >99% nucleotide similarity amongst themselves and ~91–92% similarity to BFDV isolates from southern Africa, Europe and Australia. A maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree including 42 other full-genome sequences indicated that the five isolates from red-fronted parakeets represent an undescribed genotype of BFDV. These isolates are evolutionarily most closely related to the Cacatuini isolates from Thailand and the Lorinae isolates from Australia in the rep gene ML tree; however, in the cp ML tree, the evolutionary relationship is closer to viruses found in the Psittacini.
Mark E Hauber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a new isolate of beak and feather disease virus from endemic wild red fronted parakeets cyanoramphus novaezelandiae in new zealand
Archives of Virology, 2010Co-Authors: Luis Ortizcatedral, Brigitta Kurenbach, Melanie Massaro, Kate Mcinnes, Dianne H Brunton, Mark E Hauber, Darren P Martin, Arvind VarsaniAbstract:Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a viral disease distributed worldwide with a potentially critical impact on many rare parrots. While efforts have been made to determine its prevalence in wild and captive Psittacines, only limited work has been done to document complete genomes of its causative agent, beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). Here, we describe five full genomes of BFDV isolated from wild specimens of an endemic New Zealand parrot, the red-fronted parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae). The isolates share >99% nucleotide similarity amongst themselves and ~91–92% similarity to BFDV isolates from southern Africa, Europe and Australia. A maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree including 42 other full-genome sequences indicated that the five isolates from red-fronted parakeets represent an undescribed genotype of BFDV. These isolates are evolutionarily most closely related to the Cacatuini isolates from Thailand and the Lorinae isolates from Australia in the rep gene ML tree; however, in the cp ML tree, the evolutionary relationship is closer to viruses found in the Psittacini.
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first report of beak and feather disease virus bfdv in wild red fronted parakeets cyanoramphus novaezelandiae in new zealand
Emu, 2009Co-Authors: Luis Ortizcatedral, Kate Mcinnes, Mark E Hauber, Dianne H BruntonAbstract:Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a highly infectious and potentially fatal viral disease of parrots and their allies caused by the beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). Abnormal feather morphology and loss of feathers are common clinical symptoms of the disease. PBFD also damages the lymphoid tissue and affected birds may die as a result of secondary bacterial or fungal infections. The disease is therefore of concern for conservation biologists and wildlife managers, as it is immunosuppressive and can become an additional threatening factor among critically endangered Psittacines. We conducted a PCR-based screening for BFDV in a wild population of the Red-fronted Parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) on Little Barrier Island, New Zealand, during a translocation of this species. Fifty-four parakeets were captured and feather samples collected for molecular screening. We detected BFDV DNA from 15 individuals, but only two showed external signs attributable to PBFD, namely abnormal feather morphology or colouration, loss of feathers and haemorrhagic feathers. Our survey represents the first positive identification of BFDV in wild New Zealand endemic Psittacines and confirms the risk of spread of the virus between wild populations within this global hotspot of endemic Psittacine diversity.
Luis Ortizcatedral - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a new isolate of beak and feather disease virus from endemic wild red fronted parakeets cyanoramphus novaezelandiae in new zealand
Archives of Virology, 2010Co-Authors: Luis Ortizcatedral, Brigitta Kurenbach, Melanie Massaro, Kate Mcinnes, Dianne H Brunton, Mark E Hauber, Darren P Martin, Arvind VarsaniAbstract:Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a viral disease distributed worldwide with a potentially critical impact on many rare parrots. While efforts have been made to determine its prevalence in wild and captive Psittacines, only limited work has been done to document complete genomes of its causative agent, beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). Here, we describe five full genomes of BFDV isolated from wild specimens of an endemic New Zealand parrot, the red-fronted parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae). The isolates share >99% nucleotide similarity amongst themselves and ~91–92% similarity to BFDV isolates from southern Africa, Europe and Australia. A maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree including 42 other full-genome sequences indicated that the five isolates from red-fronted parakeets represent an undescribed genotype of BFDV. These isolates are evolutionarily most closely related to the Cacatuini isolates from Thailand and the Lorinae isolates from Australia in the rep gene ML tree; however, in the cp ML tree, the evolutionary relationship is closer to viruses found in the Psittacini.
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first report of beak and feather disease virus bfdv in wild red fronted parakeets cyanoramphus novaezelandiae in new zealand
Emu, 2009Co-Authors: Luis Ortizcatedral, Kate Mcinnes, Mark E Hauber, Dianne H BruntonAbstract:Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a highly infectious and potentially fatal viral disease of parrots and their allies caused by the beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). Abnormal feather morphology and loss of feathers are common clinical symptoms of the disease. PBFD also damages the lymphoid tissue and affected birds may die as a result of secondary bacterial or fungal infections. The disease is therefore of concern for conservation biologists and wildlife managers, as it is immunosuppressive and can become an additional threatening factor among critically endangered Psittacines. We conducted a PCR-based screening for BFDV in a wild population of the Red-fronted Parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) on Little Barrier Island, New Zealand, during a translocation of this species. Fifty-four parakeets were captured and feather samples collected for molecular screening. We detected BFDV DNA from 15 individuals, but only two showed external signs attributable to PBFD, namely abnormal feather morphology or colouration, loss of feathers and haemorrhagic feathers. Our survey represents the first positive identification of BFDV in wild New Zealand endemic Psittacines and confirms the risk of spread of the virus between wild populations within this global hotspot of endemic Psittacine diversity.
Andy S. F. Chan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Novel Psittacine Adenovirus Identified During an Outbreak of Avian Chlamydiosis and Human Psittacosis: Zoonosis Associated with Virus-Bacterium Coinfection in Birds
2016Co-Authors: Herman Tse, Wan-mui Chan, Garnet K. Y. Choi, Anna J. X. Zhang, Siddharth Sridhar, Sally C. Y. Wong, Jasper F. W. Chan, Andy S. F. Chan, Patrick C. Y. WooAbstract:Chlamydophila psittaci is found worldwide, but is particularly common among Psittacine birds in tropical and subtropical regions. While investigating a human psittacosis outbreak that was associated with avian chlamydiosis in Hong Kong, we identified a novel adenovirus in epidemiologically linked Mealy Parrots, which was not present in healthy birds unrelated to the outbreak or in other animals. The novel adenovirus (tentatively named Psittacine adenovirus HKU1) was most closely related to Duck adenovirus A in the Atadenovirus genus. Sequencing showed that the Psittacine adenovirus HKU1 genome consists of 31,735 nucleotides. Comparative genome analysis showed that the Psittacine adenovirus HKU1 genome contains 23 open reading frames (ORFs) with sequence similarity to known adenoviral genes, and six additional ORFs at the 39 end of the genome. Similar to Duck adenovirus A, the novel adenovirus lacks LH1, LH2 and LH3, which distinguishes it from other viruses in the Atadenovirus genus. Notably, fiber-2 protein, which is present in Aviadenovirus but not Atadenovirus, is also present in Psittacine adenovirus HKU1. Psittacine adenovirus HKU1 had pairwise amino acid sequence identities of 50.3– 54.0 % for the DNA polymerase, 64.6–70.7 % for the penton protein, and 66.1–74.0 % for the hexon protein with other Atadenovirus. The C. psittaci bacterial load was positively correlated with adenovirus viral load in the lung. Immunostaining for fiber protein expression was positive in lung and liver tissue cells of affected parrots, confirming active viral replication
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A Novel Psittacine Adenovirus Identified During an Outbreak of Avian Chlamydiosis and Human Psittacosis: Zoonosis Associated with Virus-Bacterium Coinfection in Birds
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2014Co-Authors: Kelvin K. W. To, Wan-mui Chan, Garnet K. Y. Choi, Anna J. X. Zhang, Siddharth Sridhar, Sally C. Y. Wong, Jasper F. W. Chan, Andy S. F. ChanAbstract:Chlamydophila psittaci is found worldwide, but is particularly common among Psittacine birds in tropical and subtropical regions. While investigating a human psittacosis outbreak that was associated with avian chlamydiosis in Hong Kong, we identified a novel adenovirus in epidemiologically linked Mealy Parrots, which was not present in healthy birds unrelated to the outbreak or in other animals. The novel adenovirus (tentatively named Psittacine adenovirus HKU1) was most closely related to Duck adenovirus A in the Atadenovirus genus. Sequencing showed that the Psittacine adenovirus HKU1 genome consists of 31,735 nucleotides. Comparative genome analysis showed that the Psittacine adenovirus HKU1 genome contains 23 open reading frames (ORFs) with sequence similarity to known adenoviral genes, and six additional ORFs at the 3′ end of the genome. Similar to Duck adenovirus A, the novel adenovirus lacks LH1, LH2 and LH3, which distinguishes it from other viruses in the Atadenovirus genus. Notably, fiber-2 protein, which is present in Aviadenovirus but not Atadenovirus, is also present in Psittacine adenovirus HKU1. Psittacine adenovirus HKU1 had pairwise amino acid sequence identities of 50.3–54.0% for the DNA polymerase, 64.6–70.7% for the penton protein, and 66.1–74.0% for the hexon protein with other Atadenovirus. The C. psittaci bacterial load was positively correlated with adenovirus viral load in the lung. Immunostaining for fiber protein expression was positive in lung and liver tissue cells of affected parrots, confirming active viral replication. No other viruses were found. This is the first documentation of an adenovirus-C. psittaci co-infection in an avian species that was associated with a human outbreak of psittacosis. Viral-bacterial co-infection often increases disease severity in both humans and animals. The role of viral-bacterial co-infection in animal-to-human transmission of infectious agents has not received sufficient attention and should be emphasized in the investigation of disease outbreaks in human and animals.
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Predicted proteins in the Psittacine adenovirus HKU1.
2014Co-Authors: Herman Tse, Wan-mui Chan, Garnet K. Y. Choi, Anna J. X. Zhang, Siddharth Sridhar, Sally C. Y. Wong, Jasper F. W. Chan, Andy S. F. Chan, Patrick C. Y. WooAbstract:Predicted proteins in the Psittacine adenovirus HKU1.
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Pairwise amino acid sequence identities between the novel Psittacine adenovirus HKU1 and other adenoviruses.
2014Co-Authors: Herman Tse, Wan-mui Chan, Garnet K. Y. Choi, Anna J. X. Zhang, Siddharth Sridhar, Sally C. Y. Wong, Jasper F. W. Chan, Andy S. F. Chan, Patrick C. Y. WooAbstract:Pairwise amino acid sequence identities between the novel Psittacine adenovirus HKU1 and other adenoviruses.
Dianne H Brunton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a new isolate of beak and feather disease virus from endemic wild red fronted parakeets cyanoramphus novaezelandiae in new zealand
Archives of Virology, 2010Co-Authors: Luis Ortizcatedral, Brigitta Kurenbach, Melanie Massaro, Kate Mcinnes, Dianne H Brunton, Mark E Hauber, Darren P Martin, Arvind VarsaniAbstract:Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a viral disease distributed worldwide with a potentially critical impact on many rare parrots. While efforts have been made to determine its prevalence in wild and captive Psittacines, only limited work has been done to document complete genomes of its causative agent, beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). Here, we describe five full genomes of BFDV isolated from wild specimens of an endemic New Zealand parrot, the red-fronted parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae). The isolates share >99% nucleotide similarity amongst themselves and ~91–92% similarity to BFDV isolates from southern Africa, Europe and Australia. A maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree including 42 other full-genome sequences indicated that the five isolates from red-fronted parakeets represent an undescribed genotype of BFDV. These isolates are evolutionarily most closely related to the Cacatuini isolates from Thailand and the Lorinae isolates from Australia in the rep gene ML tree; however, in the cp ML tree, the evolutionary relationship is closer to viruses found in the Psittacini.
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first report of beak and feather disease virus bfdv in wild red fronted parakeets cyanoramphus novaezelandiae in new zealand
Emu, 2009Co-Authors: Luis Ortizcatedral, Kate Mcinnes, Mark E Hauber, Dianne H BruntonAbstract:Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a highly infectious and potentially fatal viral disease of parrots and their allies caused by the beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). Abnormal feather morphology and loss of feathers are common clinical symptoms of the disease. PBFD also damages the lymphoid tissue and affected birds may die as a result of secondary bacterial or fungal infections. The disease is therefore of concern for conservation biologists and wildlife managers, as it is immunosuppressive and can become an additional threatening factor among critically endangered Psittacines. We conducted a PCR-based screening for BFDV in a wild population of the Red-fronted Parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) on Little Barrier Island, New Zealand, during a translocation of this species. Fifty-four parakeets were captured and feather samples collected for molecular screening. We detected BFDV DNA from 15 individuals, but only two showed external signs attributable to PBFD, namely abnormal feather morphology or colouration, loss of feathers and haemorrhagic feathers. Our survey represents the first positive identification of BFDV in wild New Zealand endemic Psittacines and confirms the risk of spread of the virus between wild populations within this global hotspot of endemic Psittacine diversity.
