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George S Stoyanov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Psoas Minor - a cadaveric study
2018Co-Authors: Yordan Kozhuharov, Pamela Dragieva, Mihaela Zaharieva, Krasimir Markov, George S StoyanovAbstract:Introduction: The Psoas Muscle group is part of the posterior abdominal wall and is comprised of long Muscles – major, Minor and tertius. Out of those, only the Psoas major Muscle is an obligatory Muscle present in all individuals. The Psoas Minor originates as vertical fascicles inserted on the bodies of the last thoracic and first lumbar vertebrae inserting into the iliopectineal eminence. The muscle’s actions are bending of the lumbar spine in a limited fashion. The aim of the study is to establish the frequency of the Muscle in the Bulgarian population. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University – Varna “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, Varna, Bulgaria, in November, 2017 on a total of 10 cadavers. The length, width and circumference of the Muscle`s body were measured. The collected data was interpreted in a descriptive manner. Results: The Psoas Minor Muscle was present in six out of ten cadavers (60%). Out of those six cadavers, the Muscle was bilateral in three, left-side unilateral in one and right-side unilateral in two cadavers. The average length of the Muscle was 19.66cm (minimum 14.4cm - maximum 21.7cm), average width was 1.73cm (minimum 1.0cm - 3.2cm maximum) and average circumference was 3.48cm (minimum 1.7cm - maximum 5.6cm). Male to female ratio of cadavers with a Psoas Minor Muscle was 1:1. Conclusions: The frequency of the Muscle’s variations considering its presence in the Bulgarian population (60%) is higher when compared to its presence in the Indian population (36.67%), virtually identical to the Brazilian population (59%) and lower than that reported in United States of America (65.6%). The morphometric analyses between the different populations showed a shorter Psoas minor in the Bulgarian population.
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Psoas Minor Muscle: A Cadaveric Morphometric Study.
Cureus, 2018Co-Authors: Pamela Dragieva, Mihaela Zaharieva, Yordan Kozhuharov, Krasimir Markov, George S StoyanovAbstract:Introduction The Psoas Muscle group is part of the posterior abdominal wall and is comprised of long Muscles - major, Minor, and tertius. Out of those, only the Psoas major Muscle is an obligatory Muscle present in all individuals. The Psoas Minor Muscle (PMM) originates as vertical fascicles inserted in the bodies of the last thoracic and first lumbar vertebrae and inserting into the iliopectineal eminence. The Muscle provide flexion of the lumbar spine in a limited fashion. The aim of the study was to establish the frequency of the Muscle in the Bulgarian population. Materials and methods This study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria, by Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov in November 2017, on a total of 10 cadavers. The length, width, and circumference of the Muscles were measured. The collected data were interpreted in a descriptive manner. Results The PMM was present in six out of ten cadavers (60%). Out of those six cadavers, the Muscle was bilateral in three, unilateral on the left side in one, and unilateral on the right side in two cadavers. The average length of the Muscle was 19.66 cm (range:14.4 cm - 21.7 cm), average width was 1.73 cm (range: 1.0 cm - 3.2 cm ) and average circumference was 3.48 cm (range: 1.7 cm - maximum 5.6 cm). The male to female ratio of cadavers with a PMM was 1:1. Conclusion The frequency of the Muscle's variations considering its presence in the Bulgarian population (60%) is higher when compared to its presence in the Indian population (36.67%), virtually identical to the Brazilian population (59%), and lower than that reported in the US (65.6%). The morphometric analyses of the different populations showed a shorter Psoas Minor in the Bulgarian population.
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Unilateral Psoas Minor: a case report
Scripta Scientifica Vox Studentium, 2017Co-Authors: Krasimir Markov, Pamela Dragieva, Mihaela Zaharieva, Yordan Kozhuharov, Denitsa Nikolova, Radina Deltcheva, George S StoyanovAbstract:Introduction: The posterior abdominal wall is a complex region of human anatomy. It is formed by the lumbar vertebrae, pelvic girdle and the five main posterior abdominal Muscles - the iliacus, Psoas major, quadratus lumborum, the diaphragm, their associated fascia and the variable Psoas Minor and tertius Muscles. The Psoas Muscle group is comprised of the long fusiform Muscles - major, Minor and tertius, with only the Psoas major Muscle being an obligatory Muscle present in all individuals. The Psoas Muscle group however are extremely variable and have differences not only in their structure and morphology, but also in their innervation. The Psoas Minor is an extremely variable inconstant Muscle, a prime example for a vestigial structure in the human body. Case report: During a standard posterior abdominal wall dissection of an adult female cadaver a unilateral right-sided Psoas Minor Muscle was established, with a complete absence of the same Muscle on the contralateral left side. The unilateral right-sided Psoas Minor Muscle was located superficially and laterally to the Psoas major Muscle, it was fusiform in shape and its body measured 96 mm in length and 16mm in circumference. Conclusion: The Psoas Muscle group is one of the most variable Muscle groups in the human body. It could be bilaterally - located on both sides of the vertebral column on the anterior surface of Psoas major Muscle. Our case is representative of one of the not so common variations of the Psoas Minor Muscle with Muscle morphology extremely representative of this type of unilateral variation.
S D Joshi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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morphology of Psoas Minor Muscle reviewed
Journal of Evolution of medical and Dental Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Sonali Agichani, Yogesh Sontakke, S S Joshi, S D JoshiAbstract:Psoas Minor (PM) Muscle belongs to the category of vestigial Muscles. It is large in size in all those quadrupeds that brachiate and leap or run at very fast speed. None of these functions being required in bipedal, plantigrade man the Muscle has receded during evolution; hence it is present only in 40-60% population. Apart from racial variations, a large number of morphological variations of this Muscle have been described in the literature. The present study has been conducted in 20 cadavers. Psoas Minor Muscle was present bilaterally in 35% cases and unilaterally in 5% cases; overall incidence being 40%. Average length of fleshy belly was 7.85 cm that of tendon was 13.13 cm. Average maximum width of fleshy belly was 1.93 cm, and that of the tendon was 0.77cm. In most of the cases, Muscle originated from the sides of bodies of T12 & L1 vertebrae & their intervening intervertebral disc. In few of them, origin extended to the sub diaphragmatic fascia & the medial arcuate ligament (Fig.1a). Tendon of PM flattened out at insertion on iliopectineal line & blended with ilioPsoas fascia (Fig.2a, 3a). The expansion of tendon into this fascia might be serving some special functions, hitherto fore unappreciated. We also found Psoas accessorius (PA) Muscle which was described for the first time by Joshi et al. (2010) 1 , in 15% cases unilaterally only on the left side. In one case, PA showed a bilamellar arrangement of Muscle fibres.
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Morphology of Psoas Minor and Psoas Accessorius
Journal of Anatomical Society of India, 2010Co-Authors: S D Joshi, S S Joshi, Dandekar, DainiAbstract:Abstract Psoas Minor Muscle is considered to be a vestigial Muscle like palmaris longus and plantaris. It lies anterior to the Psoas major Muscle. It has a small fleshy belly and a long flat tendon. This small Muscle is the representative in man of a relatively large Muscle which in most mammals plays an important part of flexing the lumbar part of vertebral column. In some lower mammals it is larger than Psoas major and acts as a flexor of pelvis; this being utilized in running by the rabbit and the apes in brachiating. It begins to disappear in those primates which assume the erect posture. The presence of this Muscle varies from person to person and on the two sides. It is present in about 40 to 60% of the population. In the majority it is inserted on the iliopubic eminence but may also be attached to the arcuate line of ilium and the iliac fascia. While going through the literature we did not come across any detailed study of the Muscle in the population of this region. Hence, we have conducted a detailed study of Psoas Minor Muscle in 30 cadavers bilaterally. In the present series this Muscle was absent in 70%. Average length of fleshy belly was 8.23 cm and that of the tendon 15.48 cm. In some cases an unusual interesting feature observed was the origin of some fibers of Psoas major from the deep surface of flattened tendon of Psoas Minor Muscle, which we have named as Psoas accessorius.
Yordan Kozhuharov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Psoas Minor - a cadaveric study
2018Co-Authors: Yordan Kozhuharov, Pamela Dragieva, Mihaela Zaharieva, Krasimir Markov, George S StoyanovAbstract:Introduction: The Psoas Muscle group is part of the posterior abdominal wall and is comprised of long Muscles – major, Minor and tertius. Out of those, only the Psoas major Muscle is an obligatory Muscle present in all individuals. The Psoas Minor originates as vertical fascicles inserted on the bodies of the last thoracic and first lumbar vertebrae inserting into the iliopectineal eminence. The muscle’s actions are bending of the lumbar spine in a limited fashion. The aim of the study is to establish the frequency of the Muscle in the Bulgarian population. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University – Varna “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, Varna, Bulgaria, in November, 2017 on a total of 10 cadavers. The length, width and circumference of the Muscle`s body were measured. The collected data was interpreted in a descriptive manner. Results: The Psoas Minor Muscle was present in six out of ten cadavers (60%). Out of those six cadavers, the Muscle was bilateral in three, left-side unilateral in one and right-side unilateral in two cadavers. The average length of the Muscle was 19.66cm (minimum 14.4cm - maximum 21.7cm), average width was 1.73cm (minimum 1.0cm - 3.2cm maximum) and average circumference was 3.48cm (minimum 1.7cm - maximum 5.6cm). Male to female ratio of cadavers with a Psoas Minor Muscle was 1:1. Conclusions: The frequency of the Muscle’s variations considering its presence in the Bulgarian population (60%) is higher when compared to its presence in the Indian population (36.67%), virtually identical to the Brazilian population (59%) and lower than that reported in United States of America (65.6%). The morphometric analyses between the different populations showed a shorter Psoas minor in the Bulgarian population.
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Psoas Minor Muscle: A Cadaveric Morphometric Study.
Cureus, 2018Co-Authors: Pamela Dragieva, Mihaela Zaharieva, Yordan Kozhuharov, Krasimir Markov, George S StoyanovAbstract:Introduction The Psoas Muscle group is part of the posterior abdominal wall and is comprised of long Muscles - major, Minor, and tertius. Out of those, only the Psoas major Muscle is an obligatory Muscle present in all individuals. The Psoas Minor Muscle (PMM) originates as vertical fascicles inserted in the bodies of the last thoracic and first lumbar vertebrae and inserting into the iliopectineal eminence. The Muscle provide flexion of the lumbar spine in a limited fashion. The aim of the study was to establish the frequency of the Muscle in the Bulgarian population. Materials and methods This study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria, by Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov in November 2017, on a total of 10 cadavers. The length, width, and circumference of the Muscles were measured. The collected data were interpreted in a descriptive manner. Results The PMM was present in six out of ten cadavers (60%). Out of those six cadavers, the Muscle was bilateral in three, unilateral on the left side in one, and unilateral on the right side in two cadavers. The average length of the Muscle was 19.66 cm (range:14.4 cm - 21.7 cm), average width was 1.73 cm (range: 1.0 cm - 3.2 cm ) and average circumference was 3.48 cm (range: 1.7 cm - maximum 5.6 cm). The male to female ratio of cadavers with a PMM was 1:1. Conclusion The frequency of the Muscle's variations considering its presence in the Bulgarian population (60%) is higher when compared to its presence in the Indian population (36.67%), virtually identical to the Brazilian population (59%), and lower than that reported in the US (65.6%). The morphometric analyses of the different populations showed a shorter Psoas Minor in the Bulgarian population.
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Unilateral Psoas Minor: a case report
Scripta Scientifica Vox Studentium, 2017Co-Authors: Krasimir Markov, Pamela Dragieva, Mihaela Zaharieva, Yordan Kozhuharov, Denitsa Nikolova, Radina Deltcheva, George S StoyanovAbstract:Introduction: The posterior abdominal wall is a complex region of human anatomy. It is formed by the lumbar vertebrae, pelvic girdle and the five main posterior abdominal Muscles - the iliacus, Psoas major, quadratus lumborum, the diaphragm, their associated fascia and the variable Psoas Minor and tertius Muscles. The Psoas Muscle group is comprised of the long fusiform Muscles - major, Minor and tertius, with only the Psoas major Muscle being an obligatory Muscle present in all individuals. The Psoas Muscle group however are extremely variable and have differences not only in their structure and morphology, but also in their innervation. The Psoas Minor is an extremely variable inconstant Muscle, a prime example for a vestigial structure in the human body. Case report: During a standard posterior abdominal wall dissection of an adult female cadaver a unilateral right-sided Psoas Minor Muscle was established, with a complete absence of the same Muscle on the contralateral left side. The unilateral right-sided Psoas Minor Muscle was located superficially and laterally to the Psoas major Muscle, it was fusiform in shape and its body measured 96 mm in length and 16mm in circumference. Conclusion: The Psoas Muscle group is one of the most variable Muscle groups in the human body. It could be bilaterally - located on both sides of the vertebral column on the anterior surface of Psoas major Muscle. Our case is representative of one of the not so common variations of the Psoas Minor Muscle with Muscle morphology extremely representative of this type of unilateral variation.
Danilo Ribeiro Guerra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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anatomical study on the Psoas Minor Muscle in human fetuses estudio anatomico del musculo Psoas menor en fetos humanos
2012Co-Authors: Danilo Ribeiro Guerra, Francisco Prado Reis, Afrânio De Andrade Bastos, Ciro Jose Brito, Roberto JeronimoAbstract:SUMMARY: The anatomy of the Psoas Minor Muscle in human beings has frequently been correlated with ethnic and racial characteristics. The present study had the aim of investigating the anatomy of the Psoas Minor, by observing its occurrence, di stal insertion points, relationship with the Psoas major Muscle and the relationship between its tendon and Muscle portions. Twenty- two human fetuses were used (eleven of each gender), fixed in 10% formol solution that had been perfused through the umbilical arte ry. The Psoas Minor Muscle was found in eight male fetuses: seven bilaterally and one unilaterally, in the right hemicorpus. Five femal e fetuses presented the Psoas Minor Muscle: three bilaterally and two unilaterally, one in the right and one in the left hemicorpus. The Muscle was independent, inconstant, with unilateral or bilateral presence, with distal insertions at different anatomical points, and its tendon portion was always longer than the belly of the Muscle.
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Anatomical Study on the Psoas Minor Muscle in Human Fetuses
International Journal of Morphology, 2012Co-Authors: Danilo Ribeiro Guerra, Francisco Prado Reis, Afrânio De Andrade Bastos, Ciro Jose Brito, Roberto Jerônimo Dos Santos Silva, José Aderval AragãoAbstract:La anatomia del musculo Psoas menor, en los seres humanos ha sido a menudo vinculada con cuestiones de orden etnico-raciales. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la anatomia del musculo Psoas menor en relacion a su presencia, puntos de origen e insercion, relacion con el musculo Psoas mayor y sus porciones tendinosa y muscular. Se utilizaron 22 fetos humanos (11 de cada sexo) que fueron fijados en solucion de formalina al 10% por perfusion a traves de la arteria umbilical. El musculo Psoas menor se encontro en 8 fetos de sexo masculino, siete bilateralmente y apenas uno unilateralmente en el hemicuerpo derecho. En los fetos de sexo femenino, cinco tenian el musculo Psoas menor, tres bilateralmente y dos unilateralmente, siendo uno encontrado en el hemicuerpo derecho y otro en el izquierdo. El musculo es independiente, inconstante, de presencia unilateral o bilateral, con la insercion en diferentes sitios anatomicos y su porcion tendinosa siempre mayor que el vientre muscular.
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The Occurrence of the Plantaris Muscle and its Muscle-Tendon Relationship in Adult Human Cadavers Presencia de Músculos Plantares y su Relación Musculotendinosa en Cadáveres Humanos Adultos
2010Co-Authors: José Aderval Aragão, Danilo Ribeiro Guerra, Francisco Prado Reis, Richard Halti CabralAbstract:SUMMARY: Twenty legs from adult male cadavers were examined to analyze the anatomical relationships between the componentparts of the plantaris Muscle. This Muscle was present in all of the cadavers and it was found that the length of the Muscle in relation toits belly was approximately three times greater than in relation to the tendon. KEY WORDS: Plantaris Muscle; Anatomy. INTRODUCTION The plantaris Muscle is a small Muscle with a shortbelly and long thin tendon that forms part of the posteriorsuperficial compartment of the leg, together with the soleusand gastrocnemius Muscles (Moore, 2001). From ananatomical point of view, it is a fusiform Muscle in whichthe Muscle belly occupies a length of 5 to 10 cm(Hollinshead, 1980). Simpson et al . (1991) believed that theplantaris Muscle was an accessory Muscle and only vestigialin humans, and that it might be absent in 7 to 20% ofindividuals. According to Cruveilhier (1834), this Musclehas little importance in leg movements. They compared itwith the palmaris longus Muscle of the forearm. The plantarisMuscle, just like the Psoas Minor Muscle in humans, maysometimes be absent (Testut, L. & Latarjet, 1977; Gardner
Pamela Dragieva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Psoas Minor - a cadaveric study
2018Co-Authors: Yordan Kozhuharov, Pamela Dragieva, Mihaela Zaharieva, Krasimir Markov, George S StoyanovAbstract:Introduction: The Psoas Muscle group is part of the posterior abdominal wall and is comprised of long Muscles – major, Minor and tertius. Out of those, only the Psoas major Muscle is an obligatory Muscle present in all individuals. The Psoas Minor originates as vertical fascicles inserted on the bodies of the last thoracic and first lumbar vertebrae inserting into the iliopectineal eminence. The muscle’s actions are bending of the lumbar spine in a limited fashion. The aim of the study is to establish the frequency of the Muscle in the Bulgarian population. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University – Varna “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, Varna, Bulgaria, in November, 2017 on a total of 10 cadavers. The length, width and circumference of the Muscle`s body were measured. The collected data was interpreted in a descriptive manner. Results: The Psoas Minor Muscle was present in six out of ten cadavers (60%). Out of those six cadavers, the Muscle was bilateral in three, left-side unilateral in one and right-side unilateral in two cadavers. The average length of the Muscle was 19.66cm (minimum 14.4cm - maximum 21.7cm), average width was 1.73cm (minimum 1.0cm - 3.2cm maximum) and average circumference was 3.48cm (minimum 1.7cm - maximum 5.6cm). Male to female ratio of cadavers with a Psoas Minor Muscle was 1:1. Conclusions: The frequency of the Muscle’s variations considering its presence in the Bulgarian population (60%) is higher when compared to its presence in the Indian population (36.67%), virtually identical to the Brazilian population (59%) and lower than that reported in United States of America (65.6%). The morphometric analyses between the different populations showed a shorter Psoas minor in the Bulgarian population.
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Psoas Minor Muscle: A Cadaveric Morphometric Study.
Cureus, 2018Co-Authors: Pamela Dragieva, Mihaela Zaharieva, Yordan Kozhuharov, Krasimir Markov, George S StoyanovAbstract:Introduction The Psoas Muscle group is part of the posterior abdominal wall and is comprised of long Muscles - major, Minor, and tertius. Out of those, only the Psoas major Muscle is an obligatory Muscle present in all individuals. The Psoas Minor Muscle (PMM) originates as vertical fascicles inserted in the bodies of the last thoracic and first lumbar vertebrae and inserting into the iliopectineal eminence. The Muscle provide flexion of the lumbar spine in a limited fashion. The aim of the study was to establish the frequency of the Muscle in the Bulgarian population. Materials and methods This study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria, by Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov in November 2017, on a total of 10 cadavers. The length, width, and circumference of the Muscles were measured. The collected data were interpreted in a descriptive manner. Results The PMM was present in six out of ten cadavers (60%). Out of those six cadavers, the Muscle was bilateral in three, unilateral on the left side in one, and unilateral on the right side in two cadavers. The average length of the Muscle was 19.66 cm (range:14.4 cm - 21.7 cm), average width was 1.73 cm (range: 1.0 cm - 3.2 cm ) and average circumference was 3.48 cm (range: 1.7 cm - maximum 5.6 cm). The male to female ratio of cadavers with a PMM was 1:1. Conclusion The frequency of the Muscle's variations considering its presence in the Bulgarian population (60%) is higher when compared to its presence in the Indian population (36.67%), virtually identical to the Brazilian population (59%), and lower than that reported in the US (65.6%). The morphometric analyses of the different populations showed a shorter Psoas Minor in the Bulgarian population.
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Unilateral Psoas Minor: a case report
Scripta Scientifica Vox Studentium, 2017Co-Authors: Krasimir Markov, Pamela Dragieva, Mihaela Zaharieva, Yordan Kozhuharov, Denitsa Nikolova, Radina Deltcheva, George S StoyanovAbstract:Introduction: The posterior abdominal wall is a complex region of human anatomy. It is formed by the lumbar vertebrae, pelvic girdle and the five main posterior abdominal Muscles - the iliacus, Psoas major, quadratus lumborum, the diaphragm, their associated fascia and the variable Psoas Minor and tertius Muscles. The Psoas Muscle group is comprised of the long fusiform Muscles - major, Minor and tertius, with only the Psoas major Muscle being an obligatory Muscle present in all individuals. The Psoas Muscle group however are extremely variable and have differences not only in their structure and morphology, but also in their innervation. The Psoas Minor is an extremely variable inconstant Muscle, a prime example for a vestigial structure in the human body. Case report: During a standard posterior abdominal wall dissection of an adult female cadaver a unilateral right-sided Psoas Minor Muscle was established, with a complete absence of the same Muscle on the contralateral left side. The unilateral right-sided Psoas Minor Muscle was located superficially and laterally to the Psoas major Muscle, it was fusiform in shape and its body measured 96 mm in length and 16mm in circumference. Conclusion: The Psoas Muscle group is one of the most variable Muscle groups in the human body. It could be bilaterally - located on both sides of the vertebral column on the anterior surface of Psoas major Muscle. Our case is representative of one of the not so common variations of the Psoas Minor Muscle with Muscle morphology extremely representative of this type of unilateral variation.
