The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Thomas R. Shultz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A constructive neural-network approach to modeling Psychological Development
Cognitive Development, 2012Co-Authors: Thomas R. ShultzAbstract:Abstract This article reviews a particular computational modeling approach to the study of Psychological Development – that of constructive neural networks. This approach is applied to a variety of Developmental domains and issues, including Piagetian tasks, shift learning, language acquisition, number comparison, habituation of visual attention, concept learning, and theory of mind. Implications of this modeling for theoretical understanding of Psychological Development are considered.
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Constructive learning in the modeling of Psychological Development
2011Co-Authors: Thomas R. ShultzAbstract:Although many computational models of Psychological Development involve only learning, this paper examines the advantages of allowing artificial neural networks to grow as well as learn in such simulations. Comparisons of static and constructive network simulations of the same Developmental phenomena bring this issue into clear focus. Constructive algorithms are found to be better at learning and at covering Developmental stages and stage sequences. The relatively new siblingdescendant cascade-correlation algorithm (SDCC) decides whether to install each newly recruited hidden unit on the current highest layer or on a new layer. SDCC is applied to the problem of conservation acquisition in children. Results show no differences in comparison to previous conservation simulations done with standard cascade-correlation except for fewer network layers and connections with SDCC.
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The Bayesian revolution approaches Psychological Development.
Developmental science, 2007Co-Authors: Thomas R. ShultzAbstract:This commentary reviews five articles that apply Bayesian ideas to Psychological Development, some with psychology experiments, some with computational modeling, and some with both experiments and modeling. The reviewed work extends the current Bayesian revolution into tasks often studied in children, such as causal learning and word learning, and provides evidence that children's performance can be optimal in a Bayesian sense. There remains much to be done in terms of understanding how representations are created, how Development occurs, how Bayesian computation might be neurally implemented, and in reconciling the new work with older evidence that even skilled adults are incompetent Bayesians.
Veronica Wangari Nguni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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THE EFFECTS OF SINGLE PARENTHOOD ON EDUCATIONAL AND Psychological Development AMONG ADOLESCENTS OF ACK CATHEDRAL ARCHDEACONRY DIOCESE OF MT. KENYA CENTRAL, KENYA
European Journal of Education Studies, 2019Co-Authors: Veronica Wangari NguniAbstract:Single parenthood has greatly influenced the educational and Psychological Development of many adolescents, more so in developed nations. The purpose of this paper was to establish the effects of single parenthood on educational and Psychological Development among adolescents of ACK Cathedral Archdeaconry Diocese of Mt. Kenya Central. This paper was guided by two objectives namely: to determine the relationship between adolescent educational achievement and the single parenthood in Cathedral Archdeaconry, and to assess the impact of single parenthood on the adolescent’s Psychological Development in Cathedral Archdeaconry. The study utilised descriptive research design to collect quantitative data from 75 adolescents and 75 parents which was analysed descriptively and inferentially. The study found out that majority of the adolescents were coming from single parent households with grandmothers as household heads with few households headed by their biological mothers who are rarely available for the youths. The study further established that this structure of households negatively influences the educational and Psychological Development of the adolescents. The study recommends that single parents must be proactive in the manner they handle and parent their adolescents by creating time to properly up bring them to avoid lapses in their educational and Psychological Development. Article visualizations:
Sally Dear - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Psychological Development of girls and women: Rethinking change in time
Journal of Marriage and Family, 2005Co-Authors: Sally DearAbstract:The Psychological Development of Girls and Women: Rethinking Change in Time. Sheila Greene. New York: Routledge. 2003. 167 pp. ISBN 0-415-17862-2. $27.95 (hardcover). Developmental Psychology, long considered a policy science, has traditionally focused on individual Development and progression. But what is that progression aiming toward? How influential are the elements of prediction and control? In The Psychological Development of Girls and Women: Rethinking Change in Time, Sheila Greene argues for a critical Development perspective that she believes would provide the framework for understanding the Psychological Development of girls and women in ways that mainstream Developmental psychology has heretofore failed to provide. Rather than relying on the traditional view of Development as determined, given, universal, and natural, Greene suggests an understanding that views Development as historically and culturally contingent and emergent. She stresses that the typically andocentric nature of traditional Developmental psychology must be acknowledged and eliminated if we are to have an understanding of feminine psychology that benefits women and eliminates gender blindness and bias. And although she recognizes that there may be something to be gained from observing a particular phenomenon at a specific juncture in time, Greene presses us to consider the "significance of the passage of time, of timing, age, growth, aging and mortality" (p. 1) with regard to the Psychological Development of girls and women. As with other professional and powerful traditional theories, Developmental Theory has previously been impervious to challenges and immune to introspection. This can be both dangerous and derisive. Greene argues that many of the traditional theories are inapplicable to women or restrict their potential because of their parochial and patriarchal nature. As an example, from the standpoint of goal setting, the ways in which women fashion their short- and long-term "life goals" is often directly related to the way that girls and women tend to internalize the expectations set by society (e.g., the understanding of what it means to be a "good" mother and a "good" wife). The examination of the tensions and debates within Developmental psychology is, according to Greene, an antiDevelopmental Developmental psychology (p. 37). The fact is, no one grows up or develops in a historical or social vacuum. Class, race, culture, and gender are all defining and integral aspects of Development and, according to Greene, despite claims of impartiality and freedom from ideology, psychology has been employed frequently and uncritically as a discipline of social control in schools, mental hospitals, prisons, and even, most insidiously, in the home (p. 27). Greene engages the binary opposition of the nature versus nurture/biological versus environmental debates in her discussion of "biology as destiny," which she claims ignores the possibility of personal agency, as both subject and agent, and disallows individuals the ability and right to reconstruct their own histories and shape their own futures. Instead of erring on the side of either extreme, the answer, says Greene, is to think in terms of interaction. She also acknowledges the importance of keeping an open mind about the extent to which our pasts may influence who we are in the present. In the end, although we are motivated by our need for predictability and continuity, it is clear that we can neither disregard nor overemphasize history when we are theorizing Development and the construction of self. Greene argues that within the disciplines labeled "psychology of women" and "feminist psychology"-and, by extension, the interdisciplinary field of women's studies-there is a need for a (more) clearly articulated Developmental perspective (p. 36). She devotes an entire chapter to an examination of the traditional theories and subtheories that discuss girls' and women's psychology with reference to origins, formation, socialization, assumed Developmental pathways, tasks or goals, and changes with age or in time, and another chapter to theories written from a woman-centered perspective. …
Hang Yun-ping - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Views on University Students' Love Affairs from Alexin's Psychological Development Concept
Journal of Kunming Metallurgy College, 2004Co-Authors: Hang Yun-pingAbstract:Love affairs among college students are considered from Atexin's Psychological Development concept. It is a good way for colleges to take leading roles to help students form proper outlook on life and love and to be physically and mentally healthy.
Liu Peng-fei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Research about Sports Games and Psychological Development of Children
2011Co-Authors: Liu Peng-feiAbstract:In this paper,access to related literature,Psychological Development of children was an entry point,it research the effect of Psychological Development of children.First,research and overview the theory of Psychological Development of children,Secondly,analysis and overview the role of sports games,On this basis,put forward a four-point game through sports programs to promote children's Psychological Development.The four-point are competition law,suggesting law,create an environment law,model demonstration law.And initiatives through sport games to promote children's mental health Development.