The Experts below are selected from a list of 22653 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ingrid A. Binswanger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
national trends in Psychostimulant related deaths 1999 2009
Substance Abuse, 2013Co-Authors: Susan L. Calcaterra, Ingrid A. BinswangerAbstract:ABSTRACT Background: Increased methamphetamine use occurred during the last decade and little is known about factors associated with death. This study assesses trends in Psychostimulant deaths in the United States. Methods: Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Wonder Database, the authors searched deaths among 15- to 64-year-olds from 1999 to 2009 for decedents who died with “Psychostimulants with abuse potential, excluding cocaine.” The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code T43.6 was used to identify methamphetamine-related deaths. Trends in death rates and the most common underlying causes of death were determined. For recent trends, age-adjusted death rates/100,000 person-years (p-y) and (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) among those who died with Psychostimulants were calculated. Results: The rate of Psychostimulant-related deaths increased 3-fold from 1999 (0.37/100,000 p-y; 95% CI: 0.354–0.39) to 2005 (1.05/100,000 p-y; 95% CI: 1.01–1.10). Deaths steadily declined f...
-
Psychostimulant-related deaths among former inmates.
Journal of addiction medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Susan L. Calcaterra, Patrick J. Blatchford, Peter D. Friedmann, Ingrid A. BinswangerAbstract:OBJECTIVES Psychostimulants are highly addictive and their use is increasing. Little is known about Psychostimulant-related deaths. This study identified characteristics, risk factors, and contributing substances reported upon death among former prison inmates who died from a Psychostimulant-related death. METHODS This retrospective cohort study of released inmates from 1999 to 2003 (N = 30,237) linked data from the Washington State Department of Corrections with the National Death Index. We examined characteristics of individuals who died with Psychostimulants listed among their causes of death. These were categorized into 3 groups: (1) noncocaine Psychostimulants, (2) cocaine only, and (3) all Psychostimulants. Cox proportional hazards regression determined risk factors for death in each group, and the risk of death in the first 2 weeks after release from prison RESULTS Of the 443 inmates who died, 25 (6%) had noncocaine Psychostimulants listed among their causes of death. Six of these 25 deaths had both noncocaine Psychostimulants and cocaine listed among their causes-of-death. Most of the former inmates who died with noncocaine Psychostimulants were male (n = 21, 84%) and non-Hispanic white (88%, n = 22). Cocaine only was listed among the causes-of-death for 49 former inmates; most were male (n = 35, 71%) and non-Hispanic white (n = 27, 55%). Longer length of incarceration was associated with a reduced risk of death from any Psychostimulant use (hazard ratio = 0.76, confidence interval = 0.63-0.920 for each additional year of incarceration) and from use of noncocaine Psychostimulants (hazard ratio = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.22-0.80). Risk of death was highest during the first 2 weeks postrelease for cocaine only-related deaths (incidence mortality ratio = 1224.0, confidence interval = 583-1865). CONCLUSIONS Former prisoners have a significant risk of death from Psychostimulants, especially within the first 2 weeks postrelease.
Petersen Julian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Life-long impairment of glucose homeostasis upon prenatal exposure to Psychostimulants
'EMBO', 2020Co-Authors: Korchynska Solomiia, Krassnitzer Maria, Malenczyk Katarzyna, Prasad, Rashmi B., Tretiakov, Evgenii O., Rehman Sabah, Cinquina Valentina, Gernedl Victoria, Farlik Matthias, Petersen JulianAbstract:Maternal drug abuse during pregnancy is a rapidly escalating societal problem. Psychostimulants, including amphetamine, cocaine, and methamphetamine, are amongst the illicit drugs most commonly consumed by pregnant women. Neuropharmacology concepts posit that Psychostimulants affect monoamine signaling in the nervous system by their affinities to neurotransmitter reuptake and vesicular transporters to heighten neurotransmitter availability extracellularly. Exacerbated dopamine signaling is particularly considered as a key determinant of Psychostimulant action. Much less is known about possible adverse effects of these drugs on peripheral organs, and if in utero exposure induces lifelong pathologies. Here, we addressed this question by combining human RNA-seq data with cellular and mouse models of neuroendocrine development. We show that episodic maternal exposure to Psychostimulants during pregnancy coincident with the intrauterine specification of pancreatic beta cells permanently impairs their ability of insulin production, leading to glucose intolerance in adult female but not male offspring. We link Psychostimulant action specifically to serotonin signaling and implicate the sex-specific epigenetic reprogramming of serotonin-related gene regulatory networks upstream from the transcription factor Pet1/Fev as determinants of reduced insulin production.Peer reviewe
-
Life-long impairment of glucose homeostasis upon prenatal exposure to Psychostimulants
'EMBO', 2020Co-Authors: Korchynska Solomiia, Krassnitzer Maria, Malenczyk Katarzyna, Prasad, Rashmi B., Tretiakov, Evgenii O., Rehman Sabah, Cinquina Valentina, Gernedl Victoria, Farlik Matthias, Petersen JulianAbstract:Maternal drug abuse during pregnancy is a rapidly escalating societal problem. Psychostimulants, including amphetamine, cocaine, and methamphetamine, are amongst the illicit drugs most commonly consumed by pregnant women. Neuropharmacology concepts posit that Psychostimulants affect monoamine signaling in the nervous system by their affinities to neurotransmitter reuptake and vesicular transporters to heighten neurotransmitter availability extracellularly. Exacerbated dopamine signaling is particularly considered as a key determinant of Psychostimulant action. Much less is known about possible adverse effects of these drugs on peripheral organs, and if in utero exposure induces lifelong pathologies. Here, we addressed this question by combining human RNA-seq data with cellular and mouse models of neuroendocrine development. We show that episodic maternal exposure to Psychostimulants during pregnancy coincident with the intrauterine specification of pancreatic β cells permanently impairs their ability of insulin production, leading to glucose intolerance in adult female but not male offspring. We link Psychostimulant action specifically to serotonin signaling and implicate the sex-specific epigenetic reprogramming of serotonin-related gene regulatory networks upstream from the transcription factor Pet1/Fev as determinants of reduced insulin production
Paul A Rosenberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
glutamate homeostasis and dopamine signaling implications for Psychostimulant addiction behavior
Neurochemistry International, 2021Co-Authors: Kathryn D Fischer, Lori A Knackstedt, Paul A RosenbergAbstract:Cocaine, amphetamine, and methamphetamine abuse disorders are serious worldwide health problems. To date, there are no FDA-approved medications for the treatment of these disorders. Elucidation of the biochemical underpinnings contributing to Psychostimulant addiction is critical for the development of effective therapies. Excitatory signaling and glutamate homeostasis are well known pathophysiological substrates underlying addiction-related behaviors spanning multiple types of Psychostimulants. To alleviate relapse behavior to Psychostimulants, considerable interest has focused on GLT-1, the major glutamate transporter in the brain. While many brain regions are implicated in addiction behavior, this review focuses on two regions well known for their role in mediating the effects of cocaine and amphetamines, namely the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA). In addition, because many investigators have utilized Cre-driver lines to selectively control gene expression in defined cell populations relevant for Psychostimulant addiction, we discuss potential off-target effects of Cre-recombinase that should be considered in the design and interpretation of such experiments.
Susan L. Calcaterra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
national trends in Psychostimulant related deaths 1999 2009
Substance Abuse, 2013Co-Authors: Susan L. Calcaterra, Ingrid A. BinswangerAbstract:ABSTRACT Background: Increased methamphetamine use occurred during the last decade and little is known about factors associated with death. This study assesses trends in Psychostimulant deaths in the United States. Methods: Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Wonder Database, the authors searched deaths among 15- to 64-year-olds from 1999 to 2009 for decedents who died with “Psychostimulants with abuse potential, excluding cocaine.” The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code T43.6 was used to identify methamphetamine-related deaths. Trends in death rates and the most common underlying causes of death were determined. For recent trends, age-adjusted death rates/100,000 person-years (p-y) and (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) among those who died with Psychostimulants were calculated. Results: The rate of Psychostimulant-related deaths increased 3-fold from 1999 (0.37/100,000 p-y; 95% CI: 0.354–0.39) to 2005 (1.05/100,000 p-y; 95% CI: 1.01–1.10). Deaths steadily declined f...
-
Psychostimulant-related deaths among former inmates.
Journal of addiction medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Susan L. Calcaterra, Patrick J. Blatchford, Peter D. Friedmann, Ingrid A. BinswangerAbstract:OBJECTIVES Psychostimulants are highly addictive and their use is increasing. Little is known about Psychostimulant-related deaths. This study identified characteristics, risk factors, and contributing substances reported upon death among former prison inmates who died from a Psychostimulant-related death. METHODS This retrospective cohort study of released inmates from 1999 to 2003 (N = 30,237) linked data from the Washington State Department of Corrections with the National Death Index. We examined characteristics of individuals who died with Psychostimulants listed among their causes of death. These were categorized into 3 groups: (1) noncocaine Psychostimulants, (2) cocaine only, and (3) all Psychostimulants. Cox proportional hazards regression determined risk factors for death in each group, and the risk of death in the first 2 weeks after release from prison RESULTS Of the 443 inmates who died, 25 (6%) had noncocaine Psychostimulants listed among their causes of death. Six of these 25 deaths had both noncocaine Psychostimulants and cocaine listed among their causes-of-death. Most of the former inmates who died with noncocaine Psychostimulants were male (n = 21, 84%) and non-Hispanic white (88%, n = 22). Cocaine only was listed among the causes-of-death for 49 former inmates; most were male (n = 35, 71%) and non-Hispanic white (n = 27, 55%). Longer length of incarceration was associated with a reduced risk of death from any Psychostimulant use (hazard ratio = 0.76, confidence interval = 0.63-0.920 for each additional year of incarceration) and from use of noncocaine Psychostimulants (hazard ratio = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.22-0.80). Risk of death was highest during the first 2 weeks postrelease for cocaine only-related deaths (incidence mortality ratio = 1224.0, confidence interval = 583-1865). CONCLUSIONS Former prisoners have a significant risk of death from Psychostimulants, especially within the first 2 weeks postrelease.
Yavin Shaham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
opiate versus Psychostimulant addiction the differences do matter
Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2011Co-Authors: Aldo Badiani, David H. Epstein, David Belin, Donna J Calu, Yavin ShahamAbstract:The publication of the psychomotor stimulant theory of addiction in 1987 and the finding that addictive drugs increase dopamine concentrations in the rat mesolimbic system in 1988 have led to a predominance of psychobiological theories that consider addiction to opiates and addiction to Psychostimulants as essentially identical phenomena. Indeed, current theories of addiction - hedonic allostasis, incentive sensitization, aberrant learning and frontostriatal dysfunction - all argue for a unitary account of drug addiction. This view is challenged by behavioural, cognitive and neurobiological findings in laboratory animals and humans. Here, we argue that opiate addiction and Psychostimulant addiction are behaviourally and neurobiologically distinct and that the differences have important implications for addiction treatment, addiction theories and future research.
