The Experts below are selected from a list of 66 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Steven R. Goldberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • D-16949 (anpirtoline) : a novel serotonergic (5-HT1B) Psychotherapeutic Agent assessed by its discriminative effects in the rat
    The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1992
    Co-Authors: Michael D. B. Swedberg, Harlan Edgar Shannon, B. Nickel, Steven R. Goldberg
    Abstract:

    D-16949 [6-chlor-2-(piperidyl-4-thio)-pyridine; Anpirtoline] is a novel centrally acting compound with serotonergic effects. To assess its discriminative stimulus effects, rats were trained to discriminate D-16949 (2.0 mg/kg i.p., 30 min) from no drug. D-16949 induced dose-dependent discriminative stimulus effects (ED50, 0.31 mg/kg), and did not produce sedation. The opioid analgesics codeine, pentazocine and tramadol all failed to substitute for D-16949. The opioid antagonist naltrexone did not antagonize the discriminative stimulus effects of D-16949. Phencyclidine, d-amphetamine, lysergic acid diethylamide and quipazine produced between 0 and 35% responding on the D-16949 lever. 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)-tetralin substituted partially (45%) for D-16949, whereas 1-(m-trifluoromethylphenyl)-piperazine and RU 24969 completely and dose-dependently substituted for D-16949. The discriminative stimulus effects of D-16949 were not reversed by either cyproheptadine, ketanserin, pirenperone, spiperone or methylsergide. The 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) active antagonists ICS 205-930 and MDL 72222 were also ineffective as D-16949 antagonists. It is concluded that the discriminative stimulus effects of D-16949 are not mediated through opioid or 5-HT2 mechanisms. The present data also do not suggest the involvement of 5-HT3 mechanisms, but that D-16949 produces its discriminative stimulus effects in the rat primarily via agonistic actions at 5-HT1B receptors.

Antonio Contestabile - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • biochemical molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of valproic acid neuroprotection
    Current Molecular Pharmacology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Barbara Monti, Elisabetta Polazzi, Antonio Contestabile
    Abstract:

    Valproic acid (VPA, 2-propylpentanoic acid) has been widely used as an antiepileptic drug and for the therapy of bipolar disorders for several years. Its mechanism of action was initially found to be primarily related to neurotransmission and modulation of intracellular pathways. More recently, it emerged as an anti-neoplastic Agent as well, by acting on cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Here, it mainly exerts its effect by regulating gene expression at the molecular level, through epigenetic mechanisms. In particular, it has been demonstrated the effect of VPA in chromatin remodeling, as VPA directly inhibits histone deacetylases (HDACs) activity. Interestingly, it has been observed that these biochemical and molecular pathways are involved not only in beneficial effect of VPA against epilepsy and malignancies, but they are also responsible for more general neuroprotective mechanisms. In particular, it has been demonstrated that VPA is neuroprotective in several models of neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, due to the involvement of the VPA-affected mechanisms in complex behaviors, VPA is increasingly used as a Psychotherapeutic Agent. This review summarizes the more recent data on VPA neuroprotective mechanisms at the biochemical, molecular and epigenetic levels, focusing on both in vitro and in vivo models of neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, attention is paid to mechanisms by which VPA affects neuronal survival/apoptosis and proliferation/differentiation balance, as well as synaptic plasticity, by acting both directly on neurons and indirectly through glial cells. Perspective applications of the VPA neuroprotective potential in human neurodegenerative diseases are discussed, when relevant.

G D Novack - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Ocular toxicology.
    Current opinion in ophthalmology, 1994
    Co-Authors: G D Novack
    Abstract:

    This review of recent articles on ocular toxicology concentrates on undesirable effects on the eye induced by systemically used xenobiotics. These effects include the corticosteroid-induced glaucoma and cataracts (especially in children), chloroquine-induced heart block and retinopathy, its possible protection by platelet aggregating factor antagonists, oculopathy after intracarotid chemotherapy with nitrosyl-urea or cisplatin, ketoconazole-induced papilledema, cytarabine-induced photophobia, ethambutol HCl-induced visual deficits, Psychotherapeutic-Agent overdose-induced ocular bobbing, amiodarone-induced cataracts, and imipramine HCl-induced angle-closure glaucoma. Also reviewed are the role of hormone levels in diabetic retinopathy, the therapeutic use of clonidine for perioperative intraocular pressure spikes, the increase in ocular blood flow by pentoxifylline, and decrease by nicotine, the potential for the reduction in drop size of mydriatic medications, a theory for sulfonamide-induced myopia, and guidelines for animal models of ocular toxicity. No drug achieves ultimate efficacy or ultimate safety. Thus, the decision to employ a given therapy involves a physician's evaluation of its therapeutic index, the ratio between efficacy and toxicity.

Bungorn Sripanidkuchai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Evaluation of the Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Kaempferia parviflora in Aged Rats
    2016
    Co-Authors: Jintanaporn Wattanathorn, Prasert Pangpookiew, Kittisak Sripanidkulchai, Supaporn Muchimapura, Bungorn Sripanidkuchai
    Abstract:

    Abstract: To date, the search for novel pharmacotherapy from medicinal plants for psychiatric illnesses has significantly progressed. The present study was performed to evaluate the anxiolytic and antidepressant like activities of the K.parviflora rhizome extract. Aged male Wistar rats were orally administered the alcoholic extract of this plant at various doses ranging from 100, 200 and 300 mg kg¯1 BW once daily for 7 days. The anxiolytic and antidepressant activities were performed after both single and repetitive treatment for 7 days using elevated plus maze and forced swimming tests respectively. The results showed that the extract decreased immobility time with the increase swimming time. However, no changes in number of open arm entries and time spent in open arm were observed. These results suggested the anti-depression activity of the plant extract. Therefore, K.parviflora may be served as a potential resource for natural Psychotherapeutic Agent against depression. However, further studies were still required. Key words: Kaempferia parviflora,anxiolytic,antidepressant,elevated plus maze forced swimming tes

  • Evaluation of the Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Kaempferia parviflora in Aged Rats
    American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 2007
    Co-Authors: Jintanaporn Wattanathorn, Prasert Pangpookiew, Kittisak Sripanidkulchai, Supaporn Muchimapura, Bungorn Sripanidkuchai
    Abstract:

    To date, the search for novel pharmacotherapy from medicinal plants for psychiatric illnesses has significantly progressed. The present study was performed to evaluate the anxiolytic and antidepressant like activities of the K.parviflora rhizome extract. Aged male Wistar rats were orally administered the alcoholic extract of this plant at various doses ranging from 100, 200 and 300 mg kg-1 BW once daily for 7 days. The anxiolytic and antidepressant activities were performed after both single and repetitive treatment for 7 days using elevated plus maze and forced swimming tests respectively. The results showed that the extract decreased immobility time with the increase swimming time. However, no changes in number of open arm entries and time spent in open arm were observed. These results suggested the anti-depression activity of the plant extract. Therefore, K.parviflora may be served as a potential resource for natural Psychotherapeutic Agent against depression. However, further studies were still required.

George T. Grossberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Estrogen as a Psychotherapeutic Agent.
    Clinics in geriatric medicine, 1998
    Co-Authors: Mercedes M. Rodriguez, George T. Grossberg
    Abstract:

    This article provides information on the effects of estrogen as a Psychotherapeutic Agent. Estrogen has a positive effect on several neurotransmitter systems that are assumed to be involved in regulation of affect, behavior, and cognition. Clinical studies suggest that an important cause of nonresponsiveness to antidepressants in postmenopausal women may be inadequate hormone replacement. Potential uses of estrogen as a mood stabilizer or mood enhancer also are described in this article. In the area of behavior, estrogen regulates aggressivity, sexual drive, impulsivity, and hostility. In terms of cognition, evidence suggests the importance of estrogen in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's-type dementia. At the end of the article, future research directions are discussed.