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Lena Q - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • arsenic induced phytate exudation and promoted feaso4 dissolution and plant growth in as hyperaccumulator pteris vittata
    2016
    Co-Authors: Jingwei Fu, Dongxing Guan, Bala Rathinasabapathi, Yanshan Chen, Lena Q
    Abstract:

    Arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata (PV) is efficient in taking up As and nutrients from As-contaminated soils. We evaluated the mechanisms used by PV to mobilize As and Fe by examining the impacts of As and root exudates on FeAsO4 solubilization, and As and Fe uptake in four plants: As-hyperaccumulators PV and Pteris multifida (PM), nonhyperaccumulator Pteris ensiformis (PE), and angiosperm plant tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Phytate and oxalate were dominant in fern plants (>93%), which were 50–83, 15–42, and 0–32 mg kg–1 phytate and 10–15, 7–26, and 4–12 mg kg–1 oxalate for PV, PM, and PE respectively, with higher As inducing greater phytate exudation and no phytate being detected in tomato exudates. PV treated with phytate+FeAsO4 had higher As and Fe contents and larger biomass than phytate or FeAsO4 treatment, which were 340 vs 20 and 130 mg kg–1 As in the fronds and 7900 vs 1600 and 4100 mg kg–1 Fe in the roots. We hypothesized that As-induced phytate exudation helped PV to take up Fe and As fr...

  • transfer of arsenic and phosphorus from soils to the fronds and spores of arsenic hyperaccumulator pteris vittata and three non hyperaccumulators
    2015
    Co-Authors: Lena Q, Dongxing Guan, Bala Rathinasabapathi, Jason T Lessl, Emily B Sessa
    Abstract:

    Background and aims Concentrations of chemical analogs arsenic (As) and phosphorus (P) were measured in As-hyperaccumulator (Pteris vittata; PV) and three non As-hyperaccumulators (Thelypteris kunthii, Nephrolepsis brownii, and N. falcata) to draw inferences regarding their uptake from soils to roots and translocation to fronds and spores.

  • characterization of arsenic resistant endophytic bacteria from hyperaccumulators pteris vittata and pteris multifida
    2014
    Co-Authors: Dongxing Guan, Lena Q, Bala Rathinasabapathi
    Abstract:

    We isolated and characterized As-resistant endophytic bacteria (AEB) from two arsenic hyperaccumulators. Their plant growth promoting traits and the relation between As tolerance and transformation were evaluated. A total of 41 and 33 AEB were isolated from Pteris vittata (PV) and Pteris multifida (PM) respectively. PV AEB represented 2 genera while PM AEB comprised of 12 genera, with Bacillus sp. being the most dominant bacteria from both plants. All AEB had limited ability in solubilizing P and producing indole acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore. All isolates tolerated 10 mM arsenate (As(V)), with PV isolates being more tolerant to As(V) and PM more tolerant to arsenite (As(III)). Bacterial arsenic tolerance was related to their ability in As(III) oxidation and As(V) reduction as well as their ability to retain As in the biomass to a varying extent. Though AEB showed limited plant growth promoting traits, they were important in arsenic tolerance and speciation in plants.

  • comparison of arsenic accumulation in 18 fern species and four pteris vittata accessions
    2010
    Co-Authors: Mrittunjai Srivastava, Jorge Antonio Gonzaga Santos, Pratibha Srivastava, Lena Q
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study evaluated the ability and mechanisms of 19 Pteris and non- Pteris species to accumulate arsenic (As) in a hydroponic system spiked with 300 μM As. The study included four Pteris vittata accessions (China, India, Poland, and the United Kingdom), P . biaurita and 17 non- Pteris species. Among the accessions, P . vittata from China and UK were the most and the least efficient in terms of As accumulation. The non- Pteris species Chielanthes sinuta , Adiantum raddianum , Polystichum acrostichoides , Actiniopteris radiata , Pellaea rotundifolia , and Nephrolepis cordifolia concentrated As as effectively as the least efficient P. vittata ascension. As (III) in the fronds of P . vittata accessions ranged from 59% to 89% and for non- Pteris species it ranged from 47% to 65%. Maximum As accumulation coincided with highest percentage of As (III) in the fronds. The phosphorus (P) uptake of P. vittata accessions was 12–15 and 6–12 times greater than the As-uptake in the roots and fronds, respectively. In contrast, the P-uptake of non- Pteris species ranged from 9 to 151 and from 4 to 162 times the As-uptake, in the roots and fronds, respectively. Arsenic accumulation occurs at the expense of root and frond P-uptake. Root P-reduction is lower than frond and the P:As in the plant acquisition part (roots) is 1–3 times greater than that in accumulation part (fronds). A . radiata , C . sinuta , and P. acrostichoides were identified as potential As accumulators.

Corey Eddy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Ecological Drivers of Invasive Lionfish (Pterois volitans and Pterois miles) Distribution Across Mesophotic Reefs in Bermuda
    2019
    Co-Authors: Gretchen Goodbody-gringley, Corey Eddy, Joanna Maria Pitt, Alex D. Chequer, Struan Robertson Smith
    Abstract:

    Invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans and P. miles) are now ubiquitous throughout the Caribbean and Western Atlantic on shallow and deep reefs. Recent surveys in Bermuda have revealed dense aggregations of lionfish on mesophotic reefs (60 m depth), yet these densities are not pervasive across reefs at this depth. Using diver-led visual surveys of mesophotic reef sites, this study examines how variations in potential ecological drivers may affect lionfish distribution. Significant correlations of lionfish densities were found with prey fish density and prey fish biomass, where sites with higher abundances of prey fishes have greater densities of lionfish. Furthermore, higher densities of lionfish also correlated significantly with higher juvenile Paranthias furcifer biomass, a preferred prey type for lionfish. Prey fish diversity, on the other hand, was not related to lionfish density, nor did prey fish community composition differ in a way that reflected lionfish distributions. The influence of seawater temperature was found to have the strongest effect on lionfish distribution, where higher lionfish densities were found at sites with lower bottom temperature. However, temperature co-varied with prey fish density, prey fish biomass, and P. furcifer biomass, implying that physical parameters of the environment (i.e., temperature) likely influence ecological parameters (i.e., prey fish abundance), contributing to the structuring of lionfish distributions. We suggest, therefore, that cold-water upwelling currents may be fueling the food chain in certain locations, resulting in high abundances of prey fishes and thus lionfish. Understanding the factors that influence lionfish distributions will ultimately increase the efficacy of management strategies, which, as the data presented here suggest, must incorporate mesophotic lionfish populations

  • Table_1_Ecological Drivers of Invasive Lionfish (Pterois volitans and Pterois miles) Distribution Across Mesophotic Reefs in Bermuda.DOCX
    2019
    Co-Authors: Gretchen Goodbody-gringley, Corey Eddy, Joanna Maria Pitt, Alex D. Chequer, Struan Robertson Smith
    Abstract:

    Invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans and P. miles) are now ubiquitous throughout the Caribbean and Western Atlantic on shallow and deep reefs. Recent surveys in Bermuda have revealed dense aggregations of lionfish on mesophotic reefs (60 m depth), yet these densities are not pervasive across reefs at this depth. Using diver-led visual surveys of mesophotic reef sites, this study examines how variations in potential ecological drivers may affect lionfish distribution. Significant correlations of lionfish densities were found with prey fish density and prey fish biomass, where sites with higher abundances of prey fishes have greater densities of lionfish. Furthermore, higher densities of lionfish also correlated significantly with higher juvenile Paranthias furcifer biomass, a preferred prey type for lionfish. Prey fish diversity, on the other hand, was not related to lionfish density, nor did prey fish community composition differ in a way that reflected lionfish distributions. The influence of seawater temperature was found to have the strongest effect on lionfish distribution, where higher lionfish densities were found at sites with lower bottom temperature. However, temperature co-varied with prey fish density, prey fish biomass, and P. furcifer biomass, implying that physical parameters of the environment (i.e., temperature) likely influence ecological parameters (i.e., prey fish abundance), contributing to the structuring of lionfish distributions. We suggest, therefore, that cold-water upwelling currents may be fueling the food chain in certain locations, resulting in high abundances of prey fishes and thus lionfish. Understanding the factors that influence lionfish distributions will ultimately increase the efficacy of management strategies, which, as the data presented here suggest, must incorporate mesophotic lionfish populations.

  • Image_1_Ecological Drivers of Invasive Lionfish (Pterois volitans and Pterois miles) Distribution Across Mesophotic Reefs in Bermuda.TIF
    2019
    Co-Authors: Gretchen Goodbody-gringley, Corey Eddy, Joanna Maria Pitt, Alex D. Chequer, Struan Robertson Smith
    Abstract:

    Invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans and P. miles) are now ubiquitous throughout the Caribbean and Western Atlantic on shallow and deep reefs. Recent surveys in Bermuda have revealed dense aggregations of lionfish on mesophotic reefs (60 m depth), yet these densities are not pervasive across reefs at this depth. Using diver-led visual surveys of mesophotic reef sites, this study examines how variations in potential ecological drivers may affect lionfish distribution. Significant correlations of lionfish densities were found with prey fish density and prey fish biomass, where sites with higher abundances of prey fishes have greater densities of lionfish. Furthermore, higher densities of lionfish also correlated significantly with higher juvenile Paranthias furcifer biomass, a preferred prey type for lionfish. Prey fish diversity, on the other hand, was not related to lionfish density, nor did prey fish community composition differ in a way that reflected lionfish distributions. The influence of seawater temperature was found to have the strongest effect on lionfish distribution, where higher lionfish densities were found at sites with lower bottom temperature. However, temperature co-varied with prey fish density, prey fish biomass, and P. furcifer biomass, implying that physical parameters of the environment (i.e., temperature) likely influence ecological parameters (i.e., prey fish abundance), contributing to the structuring of lionfish distributions. We suggest, therefore, that cold-water upwelling currents may be fueling the food chain in certain locations, resulting in high abundances of prey fishes and thus lionfish. Understanding the factors that influence lionfish distributions will ultimately increase the efficacy of management strategies, which, as the data presented here suggest, must incorporate mesophotic lionfish populations.

  • feeding ecology of invasive lionfish Pterois volitans and Pterois miles in the temperate and tropical western atlantic
    2018
    Co-Authors: Jonathan Peake, Craig A Layman, Alex K Bogdanoff, Bernard Castillo, Kynoch Realemunroe, Jennifer Chapman, Kristen A Dahl, William F Patterson, Corey Eddy
    Abstract:

    Numerous location-based diet studies have been published describing different aspects of invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans and Pterois miles) feeding ecology, but there has been no synthesis of their diet composition and feeding patterns across regional gradients. 8125 lionfish stomachs collected from 10 locations were analyzed to provide a generalized description of their feeding ecology at a regional scale and to compare their diet among locations. Our regional data indicate lionfish in the western Atlantic are opportunistic generalist carnivores that consume at least 167 vertebrate and invertebrate prey species across multiple trophic guilds, and carnivorous fish and shrimp prey that are not managed fishery species and not considered at risk of extinction by the International Union for Conservation of Nature disproportionately dominate their diet. Correlations between lionfish size and their diet composition indicate lionfish in the western Atlantic transition from a shrimp-dominated diet to a fish-dominated diet through ontogeny. Lionfish total length (TL) (mm) was found to predict mean prey mass per stomach (g) by the following equation mean prey mass =0.0002*TL1.6391, which can be used to estimate prey biomass consumption from lionfish length-frequency data. Our locational comparisons indicate lionfish diet varies considerably among locations, even at the group (e.g., crab) and trophic guild levels. The Modified Index of Relative Importance developed specifically for this study, calculated as the frequency of prey a × the number of prey a, can be used in other diet studies to assess prey importance when prey mass data are not available. Researchers and managers can use the diet data presented in this study to make inference about lionfish feeding ecology in areas where their diet has yet to be described. These data can be used to guide research and monitoring efforts, and can be used in modeling exercises to simulate the potential effects of lionfish on marine food webs. Given the large variability in lionfish diet composition among locations, this study highlights the importance of continued location-based diet assessments to better inform local management activities.

  • large scale invasion of western atlantic mesophotic reefs by lionfish potentially undermines culling based management
    2017
    Co-Authors: Dominic A Andradibrown, Alex D. Chequer, Mark J A Vermeij, Marc Slattery, Michael P Lesser, Ivonne Bejarano, Richard S Appeldoorn, Gretchen Goodbodygringley, Joanna M Pitt, Corey Eddy
    Abstract:

    The detrimental effects of invasive lionfishes (Pterois volitans and Pterois miles) on western Atlantic shallow reefs are well documented, including declines in coral cover and native fish populations, with disproportionate predation on critically endangered reef fish in some locations. Yet despite individuals reaching depths >100 m, the role of mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs; reefs 30–150 m) in lionfish ecology has not been addressed. With lionfish control programs in most invaded locations limited to 30 m by diving restrictions, understanding the role of MCEs in lionfish distributions remains a critical knowledge gap potentially hindering conservation management. Here we synthesise unpublished and previously published studies of lionfish abundance and body length at paired shallow reef (0–30 m) and MCE sites in 63 locations in seven western Atlantic countries and eight sites in three Indo-Pacific countries where lionfish are native. Lionfish were found at similar abundances across the depth gradient from shallow to adjacent MCEs, with no difference between invaded and native sites. Of the five invaded countries where length data were available three had larger lionfish on mesophotic than shallow reefs, one showed no significant difference, while the fifth represented a recently invaded site. This suggests at least some mesophotic populations may represent extensions of natural ontogenetic migrations. Interestingly, despite their shallow focus, in many cases culling programs did not appear to alter abundance between depths. In general, we identify widespread invasive lionfish populations on MCE that could be responsible for maintaining high densities of lionfish recruits despite local shallow-biased control programs. This study highlights the need for management plans to incorporate lionfish populations below the depth limit of recreational diving in order to address all aspects of the local population and maximise the effectiveness of control efforts.

Hixon Mark - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Andrew B Barbour - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evaluating the potential efficacy of invasive lionfish Pterois volitans removals
    2011
    Co-Authors: Andrew B Barbour, Thomas K Frazer, M S Allen, Krista D Sherman
    Abstract:

    The lionfish, Pterois volitans (Linnaeus) and Pterois miles (Bennett), invasion of the Western Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico has the potential to alter aquatic communities and represents a legitimate ecological concern. Several local removal programs have been initiated to control this invasion, but it is not known whether removal efforts can substantially reduce lionfish numbers to ameliorate these concerns. We used an age-structured population model to evaluate the potential efficacy of lionfish removal programs and identified critical data gaps for future studies. We used high and low estimates for uncertain parameters including: length at 50% vulnerability to harvest (Lvul), instantaneous natural mortality (M), and the Goodyear compensation ratio (CR). The model predicted an annual exploitation rate between 35 and 65% would be required to cause recruitment overfishing on lionfish populations for our baseline parameter estimates for M and CR (0.5 and 15). Lionfish quickly recovered from high removal rates, reaching 90% of unfished biomass six years after a 50-year simulated removal program. Quantifying lionfish natural mortality and the size-selective vulnerability to harvest are the most important knowledge gaps for future research. We suggest complete eradication of lionfish through fishing is unlikely, and substantial reduction of adult abundance will require a long-term commitment and may be feasible only in small, localized areas where annual exploitation can be intense over multiple consecutive years.

  • mangrove use by the invasive lionfish Pterois volitans
    2010
    Co-Authors: Andrew B Barbour, Meredith L Montgomery, Alecia A Adamson, Edgardo Diazferguson, Brian R Silliman
    Abstract:

    Lionfish Pterois volitans are successful invasive predators in the sub-tropical and tropi- cal Western Atlantic. Their invasion of coral reef ecosystems is a major conservation concern, as pre- vious studies in the Western Atlantic have found that this top predator (1) occurs at higher densities and forages more successfully than in its native range, (2) lacks significant predators as an adult, and (3) reduces reef fish recruitment. The effects of lionfish on coral reef communities have been exam- ined, but it is not known if these predators use critical non-reef habitat such as mangroves, which serve as nurseries for many reef fish species. To investigate lionfish usage of non-reef critical habitat, we compared population size-structure and stomach contents of P. volitans in mangroves and coral reefs on the island of San Salvador, Bahamas. In each habitat, >80% of lionfish stomachs contained prey items with similar gut content wet weight (0.98 ± 0.35 g in reef habitat and 0.99 ± 0.43 g in man- grove habitat) despite differences in total lionfish length (231.1 ± 10.30 mm in reef habitat and 176.3 ± 16.83 mm in mangrove habitat). Prey items detected by genetic analysis included individuals of the families Palaemonidae, Penaeidae, Gobidae, Scaridae, Mullidae and Grammatidae. These results demonstrate that lionfish colonize and feed in mangrove habitat in the Bahamas. Further study of lionfish outside reef habitat is required to understand the effects of this marine invasion.

Claire B Paris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mitochondrial control region sequence analyses indicate dispersal from the us east coast as the source of the invasive indo pacific lionfish Pterois volitans in the bahamas
    2009
    Co-Authors: Wilson D Freshwater, Paula E Whitfield, Andrew Hines, Seth Parham, Ami E Wilbur, Michelle Sabaoun, Jennifer Woodhead, Lad Akins, Bruce Purdy, Claire B Paris
    Abstract:

    LionWsh are popular aquarium Wsh from the Indo-PaciWc that have invaded the western Atlantic. Two species, Pterois volitans and P. miles, were well established along the United States east coast before the Wrst lionWsh were reported from the Bahamas in 2004, where they quickly dispersed throughout the archipelago by 2007. The source of the Bahamian lionWsh invasion has been in ques- tion because of the hypothesized low connectivity between Florida and Bahamas reef species as well as the temporal lag in their arrival in the Bahamas. Mitochondrial control region haplotypes (680 bp) were determined and analyzed for lionWsh specimens from the Bahamas, North Carolina, and two sites within their native range (Indonesia and the Philippines). Exact tests, pairwise F st and AMOVA analy- ses all showed no signiWcant diVerentiation between the Bahamas and North Carolina specimens. The similarity between the Bahamas and North Carolina lionWsh was also reXected in a minimum spanning network and neighbor- joining distance tree generated from the data. Sequence analyses also revealed the presence of only Pterois volitans, as no P. miles were detected in the Bahamian sample. These results indicate that the source of the Bahamian lion- Wsh is egg and larval dispersal from the United States east coast population, and support previous models of reef Wsh dispersal that suggest a low level of connectivity between the Bahamas and east coast of Florida.

  • biology and ecology of the invasive lionfishes Pterois miles and Pterois volitans
    2008
    Co-Authors: A Barse, D Cerino, Claire B Paris
    Abstract:

    The Indo-Pacific lionfishes, Pterois miles and P. volitans, are now established along the U.S. southeast coast, Bermuda, Bahamas, and are becoming established in the Caribbean. While these lionfish are popular in the aquarium trade, their biology and ecology are poorly understood in their native range. Given the rapid establishment and potential adverse impacts of these invaders, comprehensive studies of their biology and ecology are warranted. Here we provide a synopsis of lionfish biology and ecology including invasion chronology, taxonomy, local abundance, reproduction, early life history and dispersal, venomology, feeding ecology, parasitology, potential impacts, and control and management. This information was collected through review of the primary literature and published reports and by summarizing current observations. Suggestions for future research on invasive lionfish in their invaded regions are provided.