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Daniel I Rees - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • was the first Public Health Campaign successful
    American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2019
    Co-Authors: Mark D Anderson, Kerwin Kofi Charles, Claudio Las Heras Olivares, Daniel I Rees
    Abstract:

    The US tuberculosis (TB) movement pioneered many of the strategies of modern Public Health Campaigns. Using newly transcribed mortality data at the municipal level for the period 1900–1917, we explore the effectiveness of Public Health measures championed by the TB movement, including the establishment of sanatoriums and open-air camps, prohibitions on Public spitting and common cups, and requirements that local Health officials be notified about TB cases. Our results suggest that these and other anti-TB measures can explain, at most, only a small portion of the overall decline in pulmonary TB mortality observed during the period under study.

  • Was the First Public Health Campaign Successful
    American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2019
    Co-Authors: D. Mark Anderson, Kerwin Kofi Charles, Claudio Las Heras Olivares, Daniel I Rees
    Abstract:

    Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R24 HD042828); Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology at the University of Washington

  • was the first Public Health Campaign successful the tuberculosis movement and its effect on mortality
    National Bureau of Economic Research, 2017
    Co-Authors: Mark D Anderson, Kerwin Kofi Charles, Claudio Las Heras Olivares, Daniel I Rees
    Abstract:

    The U.S. tuberculosis movement pioneered many of the strategies of modern Public Health Campaigns. Dedicated to eradicating a specific disease, it was spearheaded by voluntary associations and supported by the sale of Christmas seals. Although remarkable in its scope and intensity, the effectiveness of the tuberculosis (TB) movement has not been studied in a systematic fashion. Using newly digitized mortality data at the municipal level for the period 1900-1917, we explore the effectiveness of the measures championed by the TB movement. Our results suggest that the adoption of a municipal reporting requirement was associated with a 6 percent decrease in pulmonary TB mortality, while the opening of a state-run sanatorium was associated with an almost 4 percent decrease in pulmonary TB mortality. However, these and other anti-TB measures can explain, at most, only a small portion of the overall decline in pulmonary TB mortality observed during the period under study.

Jacqueline Gindler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • prevention of neural tube defects with folic acid in china
    The New England Journal of Medicine, 1999
    Co-Authors: Robert J. Berry, Cynthia A. Moore, Zhu Li, J D Erickson, Song Li, Hong Wang, Joseph Mulinare, Ping Zhao, Leeyang C Wong, Jacqueline Gindler
    Abstract:

    Background Periconceptional use of multivitamins containing folic acid can reduce a woman's risk of having a baby with a neural-tube defect. Methods As part of a Public Health Campaign conducted from 1993 to 1995 in an area of China with high rates of neural-tube defects (the northern region) and one with low rates (the southern region), we evaluated the outcomes of pregnancy in women who were asked to take a pill containing 400 μg of folic acid alone daily from the time of their premarital examination until the end of their first trimester of pregnancy. Results Among the fetuses or infants of 130,142 women who took folic acid at any time before or during pregnancy and 117,689 women who had not taken folic acid, we identified 102 and 173, respectively, with neural-tube defects. Among the fetuses or infants of women who registered before their last menstrual period and who did not take any folic acid, the rates of neural-tube defects were 4.8 per 1000 pregnancies of at least 20 weeks' gestation in the nort...

Kay Deckers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • raising awareness for dementia risk reduction through a Public Health Campaign a pre post study
    Tijdschrift Voor Gerontologie En Geriatrie, 2021
    Co-Authors: Irene Heger, Sebastian Kohler, Martin P J Van Boxtel, Marjolein E De Vugt, Klaasjan Hajema, Frans R J Verhey, Kay Deckers
    Abstract:

    This study evaluates a Public Health Campaign initiated by the Alzheimer Center Limburg of Maastricht University. The aim was to increase awareness of the influence of a Healthy lifestyle on lowering the risk of dementia in community-dwelling inhabitants of the Province of Limburg (aged 40 - 75 years). The Campaign used mass media and Public events, supported by a Campaign website and mobile application (MijnBreincoach app).  An additional district-oriented approach was chosen in the municipalities of Roermond, Landgraaf and Brunssum, in which local stakeholders were involved in the design and execution of Campaign-related events. Population-level difference in awareness before and after the Campaign was assessed in two independent samples. No pre-post difference was observed in the level of awareness of dementia risk reduction. An additional analyses in the post-Campaign sample revealed that the group that reported to have heard of the Campaign, was more often aware of dementia risk reduction and reported higher motivation for behavioural change than the group that had not heard of the Campaign. The district-oriented approach resulted in better recognition of Campaign-material and the mobile application. With regard to the individual lifestyle factors, Healthy diet and physical activity were identified more often post-Campaign. Cognitive activity was identified most often at both pre- and post-assessment, but there was no increase in awareness after the Campaign.

  • raising awareness for dementia risk reduction through a Public Health Campaign a pre post study
    BMJ Open, 2020
    Co-Authors: Irene Heger, Sebastian Kohler, Martin P J Van Boxtel, Marjolein E De Vugt, Klaasjan Hajema, Frans R J Verhey, Kay Deckers
    Abstract:

    Objectives Evaluate the effect of a Health promotion Campaign aimed at increasing awareness about dementia risk reduction in middle-aged community-dwelling individuals in the Netherlands. Design A 10-month Public Health Campaign using mass media and community participation, supported by eHealth. Population-level difference in awareness before and after the Campaign, including variation between demographic groups, was assessed in two independent cross-sectional samples from the same target population. Setting The Public Health Campaign was launched in the Province of Limburg, the Netherlands, targeting all inhabitants aged 40–75 years old. Three specific districts within the Province were chosen for an additional community participation approach, in which local stakeholders were invited to support the Campaign. Results No pre- (n=590) post- (n=602) difference was observed in people agreeing to the statement that dementia risk reduction is possible (X2(1)=1.27, p=0.260). For the individual lifestyle factors, physical activity (7.6% increase (X2(1)=7.48, p=0.006)) and Healthy diet (10.5% increase (X2(1)=12.37, p≤0.001)) were identified more often as being protective against dementia after the Campaign. Of all risk/protective factors assessed, cognitive activity was identified most often at both preassessment (79.4%) and postassessment (80.4%), but there was no increase in awareness (X2(1)=0.17, p=0.677). Self-reported exposure to the Campaign was associated with greater awareness and motivation for behavioural change (X2(1)=6.52, p=0.011). Compared with mass media only, the addition of community participation resulted in better recognition of Campaign material and the eHealth platform. Conclusions This study was not able to reach a population-level increase of awareness of dementia risk reduction. Two out of the three lifestyle factors that formed the foundation of the Campaign were identified more often after the Campaign. Those reported having been exposed to the Campaign were more aware and more inclined towards behavioural change.

Mary Ellen Gilder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • i can t read and don t understand Health literacy and Health messaging about folic acid for neural tube defect prevention in a migrant population on the myanmar thailand border
    PLOS ONE, 2019
    Co-Authors: Mary Ellen Gilder, Ahmar Hashmi, Norda Praisaengdet, Mupawjay Pimanpanarak, Verena I Carrara, Chaisiri Angkurawaranon, Wichuda Jiraporncharoen, Rose Mcgready
    Abstract:

    Health literacy is increasingly recognized as an important determinant of Health outcomes, but definition, measurement tools, and interventions are lacking. Conceptual frameworks must include both individual and Health-systems domains which, in combination, determine an individual’s Health literacy. Validated tools lack applicability in marginalized populations with very low educational levels, such as migrant worker communities on the Myanmar-Thailand border. We undertake a comprehensive Health literacy assessment following a case study of a recent Public Health Campaign promoting preconceptual folic acid uptake in this community. A mixed-methods design utilized quantitative analysis of the prevalence and predictors of low Health literacy, and focus group discussions to gather qualitative data from women about proposed and actual posters used in the Campaign. Health literacy was measured with a locally developed tool that has been used in surveys of the population since 1995. Health literacy was low, with 194/525 (37.0%) of tested women demonstrating adequate Health literacy, despite 63.1% (331/525) self-reporting being literate. Only one third of women had completed 4th grade or above and reported grade level attained in school was more predictive of Health literacy than self-reported literacy. Focus group discussions revealed that low literacy, preconceived associations, and traditional Health beliefs (individual domain) interacted with complex images, subtle concepts, and taboo images on posters (Health-systems domain) to cause widespread misunderstandings of the visuals used in the Campaign. The final poster still required explanation for clarity. Low Health literacy is prevalent among pregnant women from this migrant community and barriers to communication are significant and complex. Public Health posters need piloting prior to implementation as unanticipated misperceptions are common and difficult to overcome. Verbal communication remains a key method of messaging with individuals of low Health literacy and educational system strengthening and audiovisual messaging are critical for improvement of Health outcomes.

Jiang T. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Association of a Public Health Campaign About Coronavirus Disease 2019 Promoted by News Media and a Social Influencer With Self-reported Personal Hygiene and Physical Distancing in the Netherlands
    'American Medical Association (AMA)', 2020
    Co-Authors: Yousuf H., Corbin J., Sweep G., Hofstra M., Scherder E.j.a., Gorp, E.c.m. Van, Zwetsloot, P.p. Paul), Zhao J., Rossum B. Van, Jiang T.
    Abstract:

    Importance: In the absence of a vaccine and therapeutic agent, personal hygiene and physical distancing are essential measures to contain the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Objective: To determine whether a social media Campaign, targeted at the gaps in behavior on personal hygiene and physical distancing and distributed nationwide via digital news media, may be an effective method to improve behavior and help to inhibit person-to-person transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Design, Setting, and Participants: This survey study was designed to uncover self-reported gaps in behavior regarding personal hygiene and physical distancing in the Netherlands. A diagnostic survey was distributed by a large national newspaper (De Telegraaf) and a popular social influencer (Govert Sweep) on March 17, 2020, and was completed by 16 072 participants. Analysis of these outcomes showed that coughing and sneezing in the elbow was done well, but that handwashing, face touching, and physical distancing showed serious gaps compared with advised behavior. This diagnostic information was used to design infographics and a video targeted at repairing these gaps in behavior. The video and infographics were distributed on a national level on March 21, 2020, followed by a postCampaign survey to measure the results on March 24, 2020. Data analysis was performed from March to April 2020. Exposure: Exposed participants were those who viewed the infographics and/or video. Main Outcomes and Measures: Improvement on the extent of handwashing in all areas, handwashing duration of 20 seconds or longer, awareness on face touching, and physical distancing were measured according to responses on the postCampaign survey. Results: A total of 17 189 participants (mean [SD] age, 47.61 [13.57] years; 9100 women [52.9%]) responded to the postCampaign survey. The news article in De Telegraaf was read more than 2 million times, and the influencer video was watched more than 80 000 times. Cross-sectional analysis of the postCampaign survey using logistic regression correcting for age, gender, and educational level showed that exposure to the video plus infographics (827 participants) (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.14; 95% CI, 1.83-2.50; P