The Experts below are selected from a list of 3705 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Huang Mei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The clinical analysis of Pulmonary Opportunistic Infection with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Journal of Clinical Pulmonary Medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Huang MeiAbstract:Objective To enhence the recognition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with Pulmonary Opportunistic Infection. Methods The clinical data of two cases diagnosed in our hospital were reported and some literature was reviewed. Results The AIDS patients were at the high risk of suffering from Pulmonary Opportunistic Infection, among which pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and fungal Infection were the most common ones. Conclusion The incidence of AIDS with Pulmonary Opportunistic Infection is increasing yearly. In order to diagnose it, much more attention should be paid to it.
Umesh Hassani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Opportunistic FUNGAL PATHOGENS OF LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT IN HIV SEROPOSITIVE PATIENTS
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Dinesh Kumar Agrawal, Umesh Hassani, Milind BhrushundiAbstract:Respiratory Infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with HIV Infection. About 70% of HIV/AIDS patients with Infection experience a Pulmonary Opportunistic Infection in life time. The nature of Pulmonary Infection of HIV reflects the level of immunodeficiency. Though increasing number of AIDS cases are being reported from central India, the data on spectrum of Opportunistic Infections of respiratory tract in HIV seropositive patients from developing countries as well as from the region is scanty. The present study was undertaken to determine the incidence of various fungal pathogens of lower respiratory tract in HIV seropositive patients. A total of 108 HIV seropositive cases presenting with the signs and symptoms of involvement of lower respiratory tract were studied. KOH mount examination revealed fungal elements in 40 samples. Toluidine blue staining and Giemsa staining techniques were used in the present study for the demonstration of Pneumocystis carinii in the sputum. In our series, no specimen revealed forms suggestive of Pneumocystis carinii. Yeast cells belonging to Candida spp were isolated from 20 cases, 16 isolates belonged to candida albicns & 2 each of candida gullermondii & candida tropicalis, Moulds were recovered from 2 sputum specimens. Both belonged to Aspergillus species, considering morphology on SDA and microscopic morphology in Lactophenol cotton blue (LCB) mount, one species was identified as Asp. flavus and other was Asp. niger. Although reports of the HIV epidemic emerged from the developed and industrialized countries initially, now focus is shifting fast to South-East Asia in which India contributes the major bulk of cases and at present is in an advanced stage of the epidemic in some states of the country (NACO 2000d). The first case of AIDS in India was detected in 1986, since then HIV Infections have been reported in almost all states and union territories (WHO 2003a). Respiratory Infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with HIV Infection. It is clear that with the progression of HIV Infection, the function of Pulmonary immunocompetent cells declines. There is severe reduction in concentration of Pulmonary CD4 cells and impaired cytolytic activity (Murray and Mills 1990a). About 70% of HIV/AIDS patients with Infection experience a Pulmonary Opportunistic Infection in life time (Millar 1996). The nature of Pulmonary Infection of HIV reflects the level of immunodeficiency (Barlett and Gallant 2004). Infections with Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans have been recognized as important complications of HIV Infection since the early years of the AIDS epidemic. Shortly thereafter, disseminated fungal Infections were included among the indicator diseases diagnostic of AIDS, if they occurred in a patient with laboratory evidence of HIV Infection. (Murray and Mills 1990b). Aspergillus species have been isolated from a large number of patients with HIV disease or identified at postmortem examination of patients with AIDS (Niedt and Schinella 1985).
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Pulmonary InfectionS DUE TO MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS & NON-TUBERCULOSIS MYCOBACTERIA IN HIV SEROPOSITIVE PATEINTS.
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Dinesh Kumar Agrawal, Umesh HassaniAbstract:Respiratory Infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with HIV Infection. It is clear that with the progression of HIV Infection, the function of Pulmonary immunocompetent cells declines. There is severe reduction in concentration of Pulmonary CD4 cells and impaired cytolytic activity 1 . About 70% of HIV/AIDS patients with Infection experience a Pulmonary Opportunistic Infection in life time. Three most important and common Pulmonary manifestations of HIV are bacterial pneumonia, tuberculosis and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. These comprise more than 90% of Opportunistic Infections worldwide2. The pandemic of AIDS and the evidence of an association with tuberculosis is now of serious concern. The life time risk of developing tuberculosis for people not infected with HIV is 5 - 10% and this rises to 50% if they are co-infected with HIV. Tubercular Pulmonary involvement occurs in 74 to 100% of patients with HIV Infection 3 . AIDS pandemic has reversed many of the hard won gains in the tuberculosis control in developed as well as developing countries like India 4. Nontuberculous mycobacterial species (NTM) are common environmental organisms and occasional colonizers of the human respiratory system. The immunosuppressed individuals infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Infection have become the most significant risk factor for disseminated NTM disease and of these, 95% are due to Mycobacterium avium complex. In developed countries, as the incidence of tuberculosis decreased, the occurrence of NTM in Pulmonary diseases increased 5. In India Infection with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is reported to be low as M. tuberculosis is more prevalent and endemic. The Infection with NTM is either overlooked by clinicians or in some places facilities are not available for the isolation of NTM. 6
W Rozenbaum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ribavirin therapy for adenovirus pneumonia in an AIDS patient.
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 1997Co-Authors: C Maslo, P M Girard, T Urban, S Guessant, W RozenbaumAbstract:We report the effectiveness of ribavirin in an AIDS patient with multinodular pneumonia due to adenovirus. A 38-year-old AIDS patient who experienced multiple Opportunistic Infections and whose CD4 lymphocyte count was 5/mm3 developed bilateral nodular lung opacities. Lung surgical biopsy yielded necrotizing pneumonitis with characteristic nuclear inclusions and positive immunocytology with adenovirus antibodies. Marked clinical and radiological improvement was obtained after intravenous then oral ribavirin. Ribavirin was discontinued after 40 d because of anemia. Relapse of pneumonia with respiratory distress led to death 8 mo later. This observation illustrates a rarely reported Pulmonary Opportunistic Infection in AIDS and the potential value of ribavirin therapy for adenovirus pneumonia.
Dinesh Kumar Agrawal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Opportunistic FUNGAL PATHOGENS OF LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT IN HIV SEROPOSITIVE PATIENTS
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Dinesh Kumar Agrawal, Umesh Hassani, Milind BhrushundiAbstract:Respiratory Infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with HIV Infection. About 70% of HIV/AIDS patients with Infection experience a Pulmonary Opportunistic Infection in life time. The nature of Pulmonary Infection of HIV reflects the level of immunodeficiency. Though increasing number of AIDS cases are being reported from central India, the data on spectrum of Opportunistic Infections of respiratory tract in HIV seropositive patients from developing countries as well as from the region is scanty. The present study was undertaken to determine the incidence of various fungal pathogens of lower respiratory tract in HIV seropositive patients. A total of 108 HIV seropositive cases presenting with the signs and symptoms of involvement of lower respiratory tract were studied. KOH mount examination revealed fungal elements in 40 samples. Toluidine blue staining and Giemsa staining techniques were used in the present study for the demonstration of Pneumocystis carinii in the sputum. In our series, no specimen revealed forms suggestive of Pneumocystis carinii. Yeast cells belonging to Candida spp were isolated from 20 cases, 16 isolates belonged to candida albicns & 2 each of candida gullermondii & candida tropicalis, Moulds were recovered from 2 sputum specimens. Both belonged to Aspergillus species, considering morphology on SDA and microscopic morphology in Lactophenol cotton blue (LCB) mount, one species was identified as Asp. flavus and other was Asp. niger. Although reports of the HIV epidemic emerged from the developed and industrialized countries initially, now focus is shifting fast to South-East Asia in which India contributes the major bulk of cases and at present is in an advanced stage of the epidemic in some states of the country (NACO 2000d). The first case of AIDS in India was detected in 1986, since then HIV Infections have been reported in almost all states and union territories (WHO 2003a). Respiratory Infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with HIV Infection. It is clear that with the progression of HIV Infection, the function of Pulmonary immunocompetent cells declines. There is severe reduction in concentration of Pulmonary CD4 cells and impaired cytolytic activity (Murray and Mills 1990a). About 70% of HIV/AIDS patients with Infection experience a Pulmonary Opportunistic Infection in life time (Millar 1996). The nature of Pulmonary Infection of HIV reflects the level of immunodeficiency (Barlett and Gallant 2004). Infections with Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans have been recognized as important complications of HIV Infection since the early years of the AIDS epidemic. Shortly thereafter, disseminated fungal Infections were included among the indicator diseases diagnostic of AIDS, if they occurred in a patient with laboratory evidence of HIV Infection. (Murray and Mills 1990b). Aspergillus species have been isolated from a large number of patients with HIV disease or identified at postmortem examination of patients with AIDS (Niedt and Schinella 1985).
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Pulmonary InfectionS DUE TO MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS & NON-TUBERCULOSIS MYCOBACTERIA IN HIV SEROPOSITIVE PATEINTS.
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Dinesh Kumar Agrawal, Umesh HassaniAbstract:Respiratory Infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with HIV Infection. It is clear that with the progression of HIV Infection, the function of Pulmonary immunocompetent cells declines. There is severe reduction in concentration of Pulmonary CD4 cells and impaired cytolytic activity 1 . About 70% of HIV/AIDS patients with Infection experience a Pulmonary Opportunistic Infection in life time. Three most important and common Pulmonary manifestations of HIV are bacterial pneumonia, tuberculosis and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. These comprise more than 90% of Opportunistic Infections worldwide2. The pandemic of AIDS and the evidence of an association with tuberculosis is now of serious concern. The life time risk of developing tuberculosis for people not infected with HIV is 5 - 10% and this rises to 50% if they are co-infected with HIV. Tubercular Pulmonary involvement occurs in 74 to 100% of patients with HIV Infection 3 . AIDS pandemic has reversed many of the hard won gains in the tuberculosis control in developed as well as developing countries like India 4. Nontuberculous mycobacterial species (NTM) are common environmental organisms and occasional colonizers of the human respiratory system. The immunosuppressed individuals infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Infection have become the most significant risk factor for disseminated NTM disease and of these, 95% are due to Mycobacterium avium complex. In developed countries, as the incidence of tuberculosis decreased, the occurrence of NTM in Pulmonary diseases increased 5. In India Infection with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is reported to be low as M. tuberculosis is more prevalent and endemic. The Infection with NTM is either overlooked by clinicians or in some places facilities are not available for the isolation of NTM. 6
C Maslo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ribavirin therapy for adenovirus pneumonia in an AIDS patient.
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 1997Co-Authors: C Maslo, P M Girard, T Urban, S Guessant, W RozenbaumAbstract:We report the effectiveness of ribavirin in an AIDS patient with multinodular pneumonia due to adenovirus. A 38-year-old AIDS patient who experienced multiple Opportunistic Infections and whose CD4 lymphocyte count was 5/mm3 developed bilateral nodular lung opacities. Lung surgical biopsy yielded necrotizing pneumonitis with characteristic nuclear inclusions and positive immunocytology with adenovirus antibodies. Marked clinical and radiological improvement was obtained after intravenous then oral ribavirin. Ribavirin was discontinued after 40 d because of anemia. Relapse of pneumonia with respiratory distress led to death 8 mo later. This observation illustrates a rarely reported Pulmonary Opportunistic Infection in AIDS and the potential value of ribavirin therapy for adenovirus pneumonia.
