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Sebastian Michalski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Determination of technical and economic parameters of an ionic transport membrane air separation unit working in a supercritical power plant
Chemical and Process Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Janusz Kotowicz, Sebastian Michalski, Adrian BalickiAbstract:Abstract In this paper an air separation unit was analyzed. The unit consisted of: an ionic transport membrane contained in a four-end type module, an air compressor, an expander fed by gas that remains after oxygen separation and heat exchangers which heat the air and recirculated flue gas to the membrane operating temperature (850 °C). The air separation unit works in a power plant with electrical power equal to 600 MW. This power plant additionally consists of: an oxy-type Pulverized-Fuel Boiler, a steam turbine unit and a carbon dioxide capture unit. Life steam parameters are 30 MPa/650 °C and reheated steam parameters are 6 MPa/670 °C. The listed units were analyzed. For constant electrical power of the power plant technical parameters of the air separation unit for two oxygen recovery rate (65% and 95%) were determined. One of such parameters is ionic membrane surface area. In this paper the formulated equation is presented. The remaining technical parameters of the air separation unit are, among others: heat exchange surface area, power of the air compressor, power of the expander and auxiliary power. Using the listed quantities, the economic parameters, such as costs of air separation unit and of individual components were determined. These quantities allowed to determine investment costs of construction of the air separation unit. In addition, they were compared with investment costs for the entire oxy-type power plant.
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Thermodynamic and economic analysis of a supercritical and an ultracritical oxy-type power plant without and with waste heat recovery
Applied Energy, 2016Co-Authors: Janusz Kotowicz, Sebastian MichalskiAbstract:Thermodynamic and economic analysis of two variants (W1 and W2) of an oxy-type power plant (with or without waste heat recovery) are presented in this paper. This plant consists of: a hard-coal-fired Pulverized-Fuel Boiler, a steam turbine unit, a CO2 capture and compression unit and an air separation unit (with a four-end-type high-temperature membrane). A steam turboset gross electric power of 600 MW was assumed. Variants of the oxy-type plant have different live steam parameters (W1???650 ??C/30 MPa; W2-700 ??C/35 MPa), reheated steam parameters (W1???670 ??C/6 MPa; W2-720 ??C/6.5 MPa) and structures of the steam turbine unit. Two methods of utilization of waste heat were analyzed: replacement of regenerative feed water heaters and implementation of an additional ORC unit. The characteristics of the thermodynamic and economic analysis of the analyzed plant were determined as a function of the air compressor pressure ratio (??) and oxygen recovery rate (R). The values of these quantities were determined to ensure maximal net efficiency of the plant and the best value of the economic indicator. The results show that utilization of waste heat is essential for efficiency and economic indicator values of the oxy-type plant and optimal values of ?? and R. The net efficiency of the oxy-type plant can be 4.06 p.p. lower than the analogous efficiency of the reference plant (consisting of a classic Pulverized-Fuel Boiler and steam turbine unit). This decrease of the efficiency is one of the lowest among the CO2 capture technologies.
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(0006) Analysis of economic risk of a supercritical oxy-type power plant construction
Journal of Power of Technologies, 2015Co-Authors: Janusz Kotowicz, Sebastian MichalskiAbstract:A power plant was analyzed in this paper, consisting of the following installations: a hard-coal-fired Pulverized Fuel Boiler, a steam turbine, a CO 2 capture unit and an air separation unit equipped with a four-end-type high-temperature membrane and a gas turbine. The gross electrical power of the power plant is 600 MW; the live steam parameters are 650°C/30 MPa and reheated steam parameters are 670°C/6 MPa. The total investment cost of analyzed power plant was shown. An economic analysis of the plant was performed, using thermodynamic indicators such as net efficiency of electricity generation and auxiliary power rate of the power plant for oxygen recovery rate equal to 80%. A break-even price of electricity was used as an economic indicator. The paper presents results of the calculations. An analysis of economic risk using Monte Carlo method was performed. This paper presents a methodology of the analysis along with the results in the form of graphs of incidence (histogram) and cumulative probability (cumulative distribution function) of break-even price of electricity. Additionally, an analysis of the influence of individual random variables on this break-even price was presented.
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Influence of four-end HTM (high temperature membrane) parameters on the thermodynamic and economic characteristics of a supercritical power plant
Energy, 2015Co-Authors: Janusz Kotowicz, Sebastian MichalskiAbstract:An oxy-type power plant was analyzed in this paper, equipped with a hard-coal-fired Pulverized Fuel Boiler, a steam turbine, a CO2 capture unit and an ASU (air separation unit) with a four-end-type high-temperature membrane. The gross electrical power of the plant is 600 MW; the live and reheated steam parameters are 650 °C/30 MPa and 670 °C/6 MPa, respectively. In this paper, computations were performed for three air compressor pressure ratios (β = 15; 20; 30) and a range of oxygen recovery rate (50% ≤ R ≤ ∼99%). The net efficiency of the oxy-type plant reached 38.7% compared to 46.5% for the reference plant. The equation to calculate a membrane area was derived in this paper. The defining dependence relationship between the R and β was also derived. The total investment costs for the ASU and the entire plant was determined as a function of R and β. Similarly, the break-even price of electricity and its individual components were determined. The break-even price for R ≈ 98% and β = 15 is 1.73 EUR/MWh higher than for the reference plant (63.14 EUR/MWh). In the conducted risk analysis, a Monte Carlo method was used. With a probability of 50%, the break-even price for the oxy-type and reference plants are ≤67.05 EUR/MWh and ≤69.98 EUR/MWh, respectively.
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efficiency analysis of a hard coal fired supercritical power plant with a four end high temperature membrane for air separation
Energy, 2014Co-Authors: Janusz Kotowicz, Sebastian MichalskiAbstract:The supercritical power plant analyzed in this paper consists of the following elements: a steam turbine, a hard-coal-fired oxy-type Pulverized Fuel Boiler, an air separation unit with a four-end-type high-temperature membrane and a carbon dioxide capture unit. The electrical power of the steam turbine is 600 MW, the live steam thermodynamic parameters are 650°C/30 MPa, and the reheated steam parameters are 670°C/6 MPa. First of all the net efficiency was calculated as functions of the oxygen recovery rate. The net efficiency was lower than the reference efficiency by 9–10.5pp, and a series of actions were thus proposed to reduce the loss of net efficiency. A change in the Boiler structure produced an increase in the Boiler efficiency of 2.5–2.74pp. The range of the optimal air compressor pressure ratio (19–23) due to the net efficiency was also determined. The integration of all installations with the steam turbine produced an increase in the gross electric power by up to 50.5 MW. This operation enabled the replacement of the steam regenerative heat exchangers with gas–water heat exchangers. As a result of these alterations, the net efficiency of the analyzed power plant was improved to 5.5pp less than the reference efficiency.
Janusz Kotowicz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Determination of technical and economic parameters of an ionic transport membrane air separation unit working in a supercritical power plant
Chemical and Process Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Janusz Kotowicz, Sebastian Michalski, Adrian BalickiAbstract:Abstract In this paper an air separation unit was analyzed. The unit consisted of: an ionic transport membrane contained in a four-end type module, an air compressor, an expander fed by gas that remains after oxygen separation and heat exchangers which heat the air and recirculated flue gas to the membrane operating temperature (850 °C). The air separation unit works in a power plant with electrical power equal to 600 MW. This power plant additionally consists of: an oxy-type Pulverized-Fuel Boiler, a steam turbine unit and a carbon dioxide capture unit. Life steam parameters are 30 MPa/650 °C and reheated steam parameters are 6 MPa/670 °C. The listed units were analyzed. For constant electrical power of the power plant technical parameters of the air separation unit for two oxygen recovery rate (65% and 95%) were determined. One of such parameters is ionic membrane surface area. In this paper the formulated equation is presented. The remaining technical parameters of the air separation unit are, among others: heat exchange surface area, power of the air compressor, power of the expander and auxiliary power. Using the listed quantities, the economic parameters, such as costs of air separation unit and of individual components were determined. These quantities allowed to determine investment costs of construction of the air separation unit. In addition, they were compared with investment costs for the entire oxy-type power plant.
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Thermodynamic and economic analysis of a supercritical and an ultracritical oxy-type power plant without and with waste heat recovery
Applied Energy, 2016Co-Authors: Janusz Kotowicz, Sebastian MichalskiAbstract:Thermodynamic and economic analysis of two variants (W1 and W2) of an oxy-type power plant (with or without waste heat recovery) are presented in this paper. This plant consists of: a hard-coal-fired Pulverized-Fuel Boiler, a steam turbine unit, a CO2 capture and compression unit and an air separation unit (with a four-end-type high-temperature membrane). A steam turboset gross electric power of 600 MW was assumed. Variants of the oxy-type plant have different live steam parameters (W1???650 ??C/30 MPa; W2-700 ??C/35 MPa), reheated steam parameters (W1???670 ??C/6 MPa; W2-720 ??C/6.5 MPa) and structures of the steam turbine unit. Two methods of utilization of waste heat were analyzed: replacement of regenerative feed water heaters and implementation of an additional ORC unit. The characteristics of the thermodynamic and economic analysis of the analyzed plant were determined as a function of the air compressor pressure ratio (??) and oxygen recovery rate (R). The values of these quantities were determined to ensure maximal net efficiency of the plant and the best value of the economic indicator. The results show that utilization of waste heat is essential for efficiency and economic indicator values of the oxy-type plant and optimal values of ?? and R. The net efficiency of the oxy-type plant can be 4.06 p.p. lower than the analogous efficiency of the reference plant (consisting of a classic Pulverized-Fuel Boiler and steam turbine unit). This decrease of the efficiency is one of the lowest among the CO2 capture technologies.
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(0006) Analysis of economic risk of a supercritical oxy-type power plant construction
Journal of Power of Technologies, 2015Co-Authors: Janusz Kotowicz, Sebastian MichalskiAbstract:A power plant was analyzed in this paper, consisting of the following installations: a hard-coal-fired Pulverized Fuel Boiler, a steam turbine, a CO 2 capture unit and an air separation unit equipped with a four-end-type high-temperature membrane and a gas turbine. The gross electrical power of the power plant is 600 MW; the live steam parameters are 650°C/30 MPa and reheated steam parameters are 670°C/6 MPa. The total investment cost of analyzed power plant was shown. An economic analysis of the plant was performed, using thermodynamic indicators such as net efficiency of electricity generation and auxiliary power rate of the power plant for oxygen recovery rate equal to 80%. A break-even price of electricity was used as an economic indicator. The paper presents results of the calculations. An analysis of economic risk using Monte Carlo method was performed. This paper presents a methodology of the analysis along with the results in the form of graphs of incidence (histogram) and cumulative probability (cumulative distribution function) of break-even price of electricity. Additionally, an analysis of the influence of individual random variables on this break-even price was presented.
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Influence of four-end HTM (high temperature membrane) parameters on the thermodynamic and economic characteristics of a supercritical power plant
Energy, 2015Co-Authors: Janusz Kotowicz, Sebastian MichalskiAbstract:An oxy-type power plant was analyzed in this paper, equipped with a hard-coal-fired Pulverized Fuel Boiler, a steam turbine, a CO2 capture unit and an ASU (air separation unit) with a four-end-type high-temperature membrane. The gross electrical power of the plant is 600 MW; the live and reheated steam parameters are 650 °C/30 MPa and 670 °C/6 MPa, respectively. In this paper, computations were performed for three air compressor pressure ratios (β = 15; 20; 30) and a range of oxygen recovery rate (50% ≤ R ≤ ∼99%). The net efficiency of the oxy-type plant reached 38.7% compared to 46.5% for the reference plant. The equation to calculate a membrane area was derived in this paper. The defining dependence relationship between the R and β was also derived. The total investment costs for the ASU and the entire plant was determined as a function of R and β. Similarly, the break-even price of electricity and its individual components were determined. The break-even price for R ≈ 98% and β = 15 is 1.73 EUR/MWh higher than for the reference plant (63.14 EUR/MWh). In the conducted risk analysis, a Monte Carlo method was used. With a probability of 50%, the break-even price for the oxy-type and reference plants are ≤67.05 EUR/MWh and ≤69.98 EUR/MWh, respectively.
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efficiency analysis of a hard coal fired supercritical power plant with a four end high temperature membrane for air separation
Energy, 2014Co-Authors: Janusz Kotowicz, Sebastian MichalskiAbstract:The supercritical power plant analyzed in this paper consists of the following elements: a steam turbine, a hard-coal-fired oxy-type Pulverized Fuel Boiler, an air separation unit with a four-end-type high-temperature membrane and a carbon dioxide capture unit. The electrical power of the steam turbine is 600 MW, the live steam thermodynamic parameters are 650°C/30 MPa, and the reheated steam parameters are 670°C/6 MPa. First of all the net efficiency was calculated as functions of the oxygen recovery rate. The net efficiency was lower than the reference efficiency by 9–10.5pp, and a series of actions were thus proposed to reduce the loss of net efficiency. A change in the Boiler structure produced an increase in the Boiler efficiency of 2.5–2.74pp. The range of the optimal air compressor pressure ratio (19–23) due to the net efficiency was also determined. The integration of all installations with the steam turbine produced an increase in the gross electric power by up to 50.5 MW. This operation enabled the replacement of the steam regenerative heat exchangers with gas–water heat exchangers. As a result of these alterations, the net efficiency of the analyzed power plant was improved to 5.5pp less than the reference efficiency.
Zhang Huijuan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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experiment study of low nox positive opposing concentric tangential firing system in a 300 mw Pulverized Fuel Boiler
Proceedings of the Csee, 2005Co-Authors: Zhang HuijuanAbstract:Particular model experiment was carried out to study the aerodynamic field of low NOx positive/opposing concentric tangential firing system in a 300MW Pulverized Fuel Boiler. The effect of deflected secondary air and opposing primary air on the relative diameter of the tangential firing, rotation momentum flux, turbulence magnitude and the velocity variation in horizontal flueway and the effect of layout form of OFA on flow characteristics in furnace are analyzed. The experimental result shows that, concentric opposing tangential firing system and wall disposal high velocity OFA will be of help to lower NOx emission, ensure high efficiency of combustion, and lighten thermal variation of superheater and reheater.
Zhang Hui-juan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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EXPERIMENT STUDY OF LOW NOX POSITIVE/OPPOSING CONCENTRIC TANGENTIAL FIRING SYSTEM IN A 300 MW Pulverized Fuel Boiler
2005Co-Authors: Zhang Hui-juanAbstract:Particular model experiment was carried out to study the aerodynamic field of low NOx positive/opposing concentric tangential firing system in a 300MW Pulverized Fuel Boiler. The effect of deflected secondary air and opposing primary air on the relative diameter of the tangential firing, rotation momentum flux, turbulence magnitude and the velocity variation in horizontal flueway and the effect of layout form of OFA on flow characteristics in furnace are analyzed. The experimental result shows that, concentric opposing tangential firing system and wall disposal high velocity OFA will be of help to lower NOx emission, ensure high efficiency of combustion, and lighten thermal variation of superheater and reheater.
K. Wójs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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(0000) A PILOT-SCALE CONDENSING WASTE HEAT EXCHANGER IN A POWER UNIT
Journal of Power of Technologies, 2016Co-Authors: Paweł Rączka, K. WójsAbstract:This paper presents a calculation algorithm, design assumptions and results of studies concerning a flue gas/water heat exchanger with the condensation of water vapour contained in flue gas from the combustion of lignite. The algorithm was used for design calculations of a pilot-scale heat exchanger with a capacity of 380/312 kW. A cross-counter flow heat exchanger with a capacity of 312 kW and coils made of PFA was designed and installed. Waste heat is recovered from flue gas produced by a Pulverized lignite-fired steam Boiler operated in a power unit with a capacity of 370 MWe. The heat exchanger was divided into a non-condensing part (sensible heat recovery) and a part with the condensation of water vapour contained in flue gas (recovery of sensible and latent heat). The point of the division is the temperature of flue gas in the stream core (higher than near the pipe wall), at which the condensation of water vapour on the pipe surface occurs. The heat transfer in the non-condensing part was calculated using the same formulas as for the water heater (economizer) in a Pulverized-Fuel Boiler, while the calculations of the heat and mass transfer in the condensing part were performed using the VDI algorithm. Results of the thermal calculations and the geometry of the heat exchanger together with the place of installation of the entire test rig were presented. The results of the calculation were then compared with the test results. A good correlation of the tests results with the assumptions and the results of the design calculations was achieved.
