The Experts below are selected from a list of 1425 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Runshua Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
effects of xiaopi yishen herbal extract granules in treatment of fatigue predominant subhealth due to liver Qi stagnation and spleen Qi Deficiency a prospective randomized placebo controlled and double blind clinical trial
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Tianfang Wang, Xiao-li Xue, Jian-mi Xing, Ya-jing Zhang, Qing-bo Wang, Wenping Wang, Ya Zhao, Yu Tang, Jia Jia Wang, Runshua ZhaoAbstract:BACKGROUND The demand for effective intervention for subhealth conditions is growing with increasing numbers of people being in a state of subhealth with a poor quality of life. Future research and evaluation of the treatment methods for subhealth conditions from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may provide an important direction for developing effective management of these conditions. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaopi Yishen herbal extract granules (XPYS-HEG), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine for relieving fatigue and promoting a cheerful spirit for the treatment of people with fatigue-predominant subhealth due to liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency. DESIGN, SETTING PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: A multi-center, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical study was undertaken. The study period was 18 weeks, including 6 weeks for intervention and 12 weeks for follow-up. Participants were recruited from medical center and outpatient clinics of three hospitals in China, i.e. Xiaotangshan Hospital of Beijing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM and the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of TCM. Two hundred participants who met the criteria of fatigue-predominant subhealth and liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency in TCM were allocated randomly to the treatment group (XPYS, n=100) and control group (placebo, n=100). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The total score of Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14) was used to evaluate the fatigue status of subjects and the extent of liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency syndrome was also recorded. RESULTS Three cases in the XPYS group withdrew from the trial. There were 200 subjects who entered to full analysis set (FAS) analysis and 197 subjects fitted in the per-protocol set (PPS) analysis. (1) According to the score changes of FS-14, the effectiveness rates in the XPYS and placebo group were as follows: 14.0% vs 9.0% (FAS) and 14.4% vs 9.0% (PPS) for complete remission, 19.0% vs 15.0% (FAS) and 19.6% vs 15.0% (PPS) for obvious effects, 39.0% vs 26.0% (FAS) and 39.2% vs 26.0% (PPS) for effective, and 72.0% vs 50.0% (FAS) and 73.2% vs 50.0% (PPS) for complete efficacy. The efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to the placebo statistically (P<0.05). (2) According to the score changes of TCM syndrome, the effectiveness rates in the XPYS group and placebo group were as follows: 1.0% vs 0.0% (FAS) and 1.0% vs 0.0% (PPS) for complete remission, 20.0% vs 7.0% (FAS) and 19.6% vs 7.0% (PPS) for obvious effects, 29.0% vs 24.0% (FAS) and 29.9% vs 24.0% (PPS) for effective, and 50.0% vs 31.0% (FAS) and 50.5% vs 31.0% (PPS) for complete efficacy. The efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to that of placebo statistically (P<0.05). (3) The follow-up results at 12 weeks and 18 weeks showed that the efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to that of placebo statistically (P<0.05). (4) No adverse effects were found in the XPYS group. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that XPYS-HEG is effective and safe for the treatment of people with fatigue-predominant subhealth due to liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency.
Yu Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Xiaopiyishen Herbal Extract Granule Improves the Quality of Life among People with Fatigue-Predominant Subhealth and Liver-Qi Stagnation and Spleen-Qi Deficiency Syndrome
Hindawi Limited, 2012Co-Authors: Xiao-li Xue, Jian-mi Xing, Ya-jing Zhang, Qing-bo Wang, Ya Zhao, Jia Jia Wang, Yu TangAbstract:To observe the effects of Xiaopiyishen Herbal Extract Granule (XPYS-HEG) on the quality of life in people with fatigue-predominant subhealth (FPSH) and liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency syndrome, the participants were allocated randomly to the treatment group (XPYS, n=100) and the control group (placebo, n=100) in this study. The study period was 18 weeks (6 weeks for the intervention and 12 weeks for followup). The results show that there were no differences between the two groups for the scores of eight factors on the SF-36 (Chinese version of the SF-36 universal quality-of-life scale) at baseline. Compared with the baseline score, intervention with XPYS-HEG led to a significant increase in scores for the factor of bodily pain at the end of the 6th week. Compared with the score at the end of the 6th week, the score for the factor of mental health in the XPYS group significantly increased at the end of the 18th week. Therefore, XPYS-HEG could partially improve the quality of life for people with FPSH and liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency syndrome, which can ease bodily pain, stimulate a positive mood, and ease a negative mood
-
effects of xiaopi yishen herbal extract granules in treatment of fatigue predominant subhealth due to liver Qi stagnation and spleen Qi Deficiency a prospective randomized placebo controlled and double blind clinical trial
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Tianfang Wang, Xiao-li Xue, Jian-mi Xing, Ya-jing Zhang, Qing-bo Wang, Wenping Wang, Ya Zhao, Yu Tang, Jia Jia Wang, Runshua ZhaoAbstract:BACKGROUND The demand for effective intervention for subhealth conditions is growing with increasing numbers of people being in a state of subhealth with a poor quality of life. Future research and evaluation of the treatment methods for subhealth conditions from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may provide an important direction for developing effective management of these conditions. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaopi Yishen herbal extract granules (XPYS-HEG), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine for relieving fatigue and promoting a cheerful spirit for the treatment of people with fatigue-predominant subhealth due to liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency. DESIGN, SETTING PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: A multi-center, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical study was undertaken. The study period was 18 weeks, including 6 weeks for intervention and 12 weeks for follow-up. Participants were recruited from medical center and outpatient clinics of three hospitals in China, i.e. Xiaotangshan Hospital of Beijing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM and the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of TCM. Two hundred participants who met the criteria of fatigue-predominant subhealth and liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency in TCM were allocated randomly to the treatment group (XPYS, n=100) and control group (placebo, n=100). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The total score of Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14) was used to evaluate the fatigue status of subjects and the extent of liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency syndrome was also recorded. RESULTS Three cases in the XPYS group withdrew from the trial. There were 200 subjects who entered to full analysis set (FAS) analysis and 197 subjects fitted in the per-protocol set (PPS) analysis. (1) According to the score changes of FS-14, the effectiveness rates in the XPYS and placebo group were as follows: 14.0% vs 9.0% (FAS) and 14.4% vs 9.0% (PPS) for complete remission, 19.0% vs 15.0% (FAS) and 19.6% vs 15.0% (PPS) for obvious effects, 39.0% vs 26.0% (FAS) and 39.2% vs 26.0% (PPS) for effective, and 72.0% vs 50.0% (FAS) and 73.2% vs 50.0% (PPS) for complete efficacy. The efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to the placebo statistically (P<0.05). (2) According to the score changes of TCM syndrome, the effectiveness rates in the XPYS group and placebo group were as follows: 1.0% vs 0.0% (FAS) and 1.0% vs 0.0% (PPS) for complete remission, 20.0% vs 7.0% (FAS) and 19.6% vs 7.0% (PPS) for obvious effects, 29.0% vs 24.0% (FAS) and 29.9% vs 24.0% (PPS) for effective, and 50.0% vs 31.0% (FAS) and 50.5% vs 31.0% (PPS) for complete efficacy. The efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to that of placebo statistically (P<0.05). (3) The follow-up results at 12 weeks and 18 weeks showed that the efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to that of placebo statistically (P<0.05). (4) No adverse effects were found in the XPYS group. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that XPYS-HEG is effective and safe for the treatment of people with fatigue-predominant subhealth due to liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency.
Tianfang Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
effects of xiaopi yishen herbal extract granules in treatment of fatigue predominant subhealth due to liver Qi stagnation and spleen Qi Deficiency a prospective randomized placebo controlled and double blind clinical trial
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Tianfang Wang, Xiao-li Xue, Jian-mi Xing, Ya-jing Zhang, Qing-bo Wang, Wenping Wang, Ya Zhao, Yu Tang, Jia Jia Wang, Runshua ZhaoAbstract:BACKGROUND The demand for effective intervention for subhealth conditions is growing with increasing numbers of people being in a state of subhealth with a poor quality of life. Future research and evaluation of the treatment methods for subhealth conditions from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may provide an important direction for developing effective management of these conditions. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaopi Yishen herbal extract granules (XPYS-HEG), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine for relieving fatigue and promoting a cheerful spirit for the treatment of people with fatigue-predominant subhealth due to liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency. DESIGN, SETTING PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: A multi-center, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical study was undertaken. The study period was 18 weeks, including 6 weeks for intervention and 12 weeks for follow-up. Participants were recruited from medical center and outpatient clinics of three hospitals in China, i.e. Xiaotangshan Hospital of Beijing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM and the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of TCM. Two hundred participants who met the criteria of fatigue-predominant subhealth and liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency in TCM were allocated randomly to the treatment group (XPYS, n=100) and control group (placebo, n=100). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The total score of Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14) was used to evaluate the fatigue status of subjects and the extent of liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency syndrome was also recorded. RESULTS Three cases in the XPYS group withdrew from the trial. There were 200 subjects who entered to full analysis set (FAS) analysis and 197 subjects fitted in the per-protocol set (PPS) analysis. (1) According to the score changes of FS-14, the effectiveness rates in the XPYS and placebo group were as follows: 14.0% vs 9.0% (FAS) and 14.4% vs 9.0% (PPS) for complete remission, 19.0% vs 15.0% (FAS) and 19.6% vs 15.0% (PPS) for obvious effects, 39.0% vs 26.0% (FAS) and 39.2% vs 26.0% (PPS) for effective, and 72.0% vs 50.0% (FAS) and 73.2% vs 50.0% (PPS) for complete efficacy. The efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to the placebo statistically (P<0.05). (2) According to the score changes of TCM syndrome, the effectiveness rates in the XPYS group and placebo group were as follows: 1.0% vs 0.0% (FAS) and 1.0% vs 0.0% (PPS) for complete remission, 20.0% vs 7.0% (FAS) and 19.6% vs 7.0% (PPS) for obvious effects, 29.0% vs 24.0% (FAS) and 29.9% vs 24.0% (PPS) for effective, and 50.0% vs 31.0% (FAS) and 50.5% vs 31.0% (PPS) for complete efficacy. The efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to that of placebo statistically (P<0.05). (3) The follow-up results at 12 weeks and 18 weeks showed that the efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to that of placebo statistically (P<0.05). (4) No adverse effects were found in the XPYS group. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that XPYS-HEG is effective and safe for the treatment of people with fatigue-predominant subhealth due to liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency.
Xiao-li Xue - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Xiaopiyishen Herbal Extract Granule Improves the Quality of Life among People with Fatigue-Predominant Subhealth and Liver-Qi Stagnation and Spleen-Qi Deficiency Syndrome
Hindawi Limited, 2012Co-Authors: Xiao-li Xue, Jian-mi Xing, Ya-jing Zhang, Qing-bo Wang, Ya Zhao, Jia Jia Wang, Yu TangAbstract:To observe the effects of Xiaopiyishen Herbal Extract Granule (XPYS-HEG) on the quality of life in people with fatigue-predominant subhealth (FPSH) and liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency syndrome, the participants were allocated randomly to the treatment group (XPYS, n=100) and the control group (placebo, n=100) in this study. The study period was 18 weeks (6 weeks for the intervention and 12 weeks for followup). The results show that there were no differences between the two groups for the scores of eight factors on the SF-36 (Chinese version of the SF-36 universal quality-of-life scale) at baseline. Compared with the baseline score, intervention with XPYS-HEG led to a significant increase in scores for the factor of bodily pain at the end of the 6th week. Compared with the score at the end of the 6th week, the score for the factor of mental health in the XPYS group significantly increased at the end of the 18th week. Therefore, XPYS-HEG could partially improve the quality of life for people with FPSH and liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency syndrome, which can ease bodily pain, stimulate a positive mood, and ease a negative mood
-
effects of xiaopi yishen herbal extract granules in treatment of fatigue predominant subhealth due to liver Qi stagnation and spleen Qi Deficiency a prospective randomized placebo controlled and double blind clinical trial
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Tianfang Wang, Xiao-li Xue, Jian-mi Xing, Ya-jing Zhang, Qing-bo Wang, Wenping Wang, Ya Zhao, Yu Tang, Jia Jia Wang, Runshua ZhaoAbstract:BACKGROUND The demand for effective intervention for subhealth conditions is growing with increasing numbers of people being in a state of subhealth with a poor quality of life. Future research and evaluation of the treatment methods for subhealth conditions from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may provide an important direction for developing effective management of these conditions. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaopi Yishen herbal extract granules (XPYS-HEG), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine for relieving fatigue and promoting a cheerful spirit for the treatment of people with fatigue-predominant subhealth due to liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency. DESIGN, SETTING PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: A multi-center, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical study was undertaken. The study period was 18 weeks, including 6 weeks for intervention and 12 weeks for follow-up. Participants were recruited from medical center and outpatient clinics of three hospitals in China, i.e. Xiaotangshan Hospital of Beijing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM and the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of TCM. Two hundred participants who met the criteria of fatigue-predominant subhealth and liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency in TCM were allocated randomly to the treatment group (XPYS, n=100) and control group (placebo, n=100). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The total score of Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14) was used to evaluate the fatigue status of subjects and the extent of liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency syndrome was also recorded. RESULTS Three cases in the XPYS group withdrew from the trial. There were 200 subjects who entered to full analysis set (FAS) analysis and 197 subjects fitted in the per-protocol set (PPS) analysis. (1) According to the score changes of FS-14, the effectiveness rates in the XPYS and placebo group were as follows: 14.0% vs 9.0% (FAS) and 14.4% vs 9.0% (PPS) for complete remission, 19.0% vs 15.0% (FAS) and 19.6% vs 15.0% (PPS) for obvious effects, 39.0% vs 26.0% (FAS) and 39.2% vs 26.0% (PPS) for effective, and 72.0% vs 50.0% (FAS) and 73.2% vs 50.0% (PPS) for complete efficacy. The efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to the placebo statistically (P<0.05). (2) According to the score changes of TCM syndrome, the effectiveness rates in the XPYS group and placebo group were as follows: 1.0% vs 0.0% (FAS) and 1.0% vs 0.0% (PPS) for complete remission, 20.0% vs 7.0% (FAS) and 19.6% vs 7.0% (PPS) for obvious effects, 29.0% vs 24.0% (FAS) and 29.9% vs 24.0% (PPS) for effective, and 50.0% vs 31.0% (FAS) and 50.5% vs 31.0% (PPS) for complete efficacy. The efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to that of placebo statistically (P<0.05). (3) The follow-up results at 12 weeks and 18 weeks showed that the efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to that of placebo statistically (P<0.05). (4) No adverse effects were found in the XPYS group. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that XPYS-HEG is effective and safe for the treatment of people with fatigue-predominant subhealth due to liver-Qi stagnation and spleen-Qi Deficiency.
Wei Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
integrated analyses of mirna and mrna profiles in leukocytes and serums in traditional chinese medicine tcm defined pi Qi Deficiency syndrome and pi wei damp heat syndrome resulting from chronic atrophic gastritis
Chinese Medicine, 2020Co-Authors: Leiming You, Shen Zhang, Xiaopu Sang, Wei Wang, Xinhui Gao, Guangrui Huang, Ting WangAbstract:BACKGROUND To investigate the microRNA (miRNA)-gene interactions underlying leukocyte functions and characteristics, especially the potential serum biomarkers, implicated in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-defined Pi-Qi-Deficiency syndrome (PQDS) and Pi-wei damp-heat syndrome (PDHS) resulting from chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). METHODS Using RNA/miRNA-sequencing approach, compared with healthy control population, we identified the PDHS- or PQDS-specific miRNAs and genes in leukocytes or serums, especially the Zheng (syndrome)-specific miRNA-gene interactions, and further decoded their functions and pathways. RESULTS Despite being the TCM-defined Zhengs resulting from the same disease of CAG, the Zheng-specific genes and miRNAs were not same. The PDHS-specific leukocyte genes were mainly involved in defense and immune responses, including NOD-like receptor signaling and several synapses-related pathways. The expression upregulation of PDHS-specific genes enriched in the neutrophil degranulation pathway, indicated the enhanced leukocyte degranulation activation. The PQDS-specific genes in leukocytes were implicated in inflammatory response, extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and collagen catabolism. They could be enriched in MAPK and IL17 signaling and helper T cell differentiation pathways, especially the pathways associated with cell-to-cell adhesion/junction and communication such as cell adhesion molecules, ECM organization and ECM-receptor interaction, probably contributing to the characteristics and functions of leukocytes. Also, the experimentally-supported miRNA-gene interactions, concerned with COL4A2, COL26A1, SPP1 and PROCR, were implicated in the regulation of pathways related to cell-to-cell adhesion/junction and communication, suggesting the potential roles of the PQDS-specific miRNA-gene interactions for the characteristic and functional changes of leukocytes. Interestingly, the PQDS-specific miRNAs in the serums and the corresponding leukocytes, seemed to have the common roles in contributing to the characteristics and functions of leukocytes. Importantly, the hsa-miR-122-5p could be a potential biomarker, capable of being contained and carried in plasma exosomes and much higher expression in both the leukocytes and corresponding serums in the CAG patients with PQDS rather than PDHS. CONCLUSIONS These results may provide new insights into the characteristic and functional changes of leukocytes in the two Zhengs, PDHS and PQDS, especially the miRNA-mediated gene regulation underlying leukocyte characteristics and functions, with potential leukocyte and serum biomarkers for future application in integrative medicine. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02915393. Registered on September 17, 2016.
-
Original Article Discovery of Diagnosis Pattern of Coronary Heart Disease with Qi Deficiency Syndrome by the T -Test-Based Adaboost Algorithm
2020Co-Authors: Huihui Zhao, Jianxin Chen, Na Hou, Peng Zhang, Yong Wang, Jing Han, Qin Hou, Wei WangAbstract:Coronary heart disease (CHD) is still the leading cause of death for adults worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a history of 1000 years fighting against the disease and provides a complementary and alternative treatment to it. Syndrome is the core of TCM diagnosis and it is traditionally diagnosed based on macroscopic symptoms as well as tongue and pulse recognitions of patients. Establishment of the diagnosis method in the microcosmic level is an urgent and major problem in TCM. The aim of this study was to establish characteristic diagnosis pattern for CHD with Qi Deficiency syndrome (QDS). Thirty-four biological parameters were detected in 52 patients having unstable angina (UA) with or without QDS. Then, we presented a novel data mining method, t-test-based Adaboost algorithm, to establish highest prediction accuracy with the least number of biological parameters for UA with QDS. We gained a pattern composed of five biological parameters that distinguishes UA with QDS patients from non-QDS patients. The diagnosis accuracy of the patterns could reach 84.5% based on a 3-fold cross validation technique. Moreover, we included 85 UA cases collected from hospitals located in the north and south of China to further verify the association between the pattern and QDS. The classification accuracy is 83.5%, which keeps consistent with the accuracy obtained by the cross-validation technique. The association between a symptom and the five biological parameters was established by the data mining method and it reached an accuracy of ∼80%. These results showed that the t-test-based Adaboost algorithm might be a powerful technique for diagnosing syndrome in TCM in the context of CHD
-
Study on the Differences between Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes in NYHA I–IV Classification of Chronic Heart Failure
Hindawi Limited, 2019Co-Authors: Jun Shi, Jing Chen, Juan Wang, Huihui Zhao, Liangtao Luo, Wei WangAbstract:Objectives. This study investigated the distribution of characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes and their association with symptoms in 1027 patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods. An observational study was performed by researchers, collecting data from 1036 patients with CHF from 24 Chinese medicine hospitals from May 2009 to December 2014. Due to incomplete information from nine patients, 1027 patients with CHF were analysed. The distribution of syndromes in CHF and association between high-frequency syndromes and symptoms were investigated. Results. The primary syndromes were Qi Deficiency, blood stasis, fluid retention, yin Deficiency, phlegm turbidity, and yang Deficiency. The primary sites of disease were the heart, kidney, lung, and spleen. In patients with CHF of differing cardiac function, there was no significant difference in the frequency of yin Deficiency (P>0.05). The distribution of yang Deficiency was significantly different between New York Heat Association (NYHA) classes II, III, and IV and between classes I+II and III+IV (P
-
Research Article Study on Qi Deficiency Syndrome Identification Modes of Coronary Heart Disease Based on Metabolomic Biomarkers
2016Co-Authors: Juan Wang, Wei WangAbstract:permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most important types of heart disease because of its high incidence andmortality.With the era of systems biology bursting into reality, the analysis of the whole biological systems whether they are cells, tissues, organs, or the whole organisms has now become the norm of biological researches. Metabolomics is the branch of science concerned with the quantitative understandings of the metabolite complement of integrated living systems and their dynamic responses to the changes of both endogenous and exogenous factors. The aim of this study is to discuss the characteristics of plasma metabolites in CHD patients and CHD Qi Deficiency syndrome patients and explore the composition and concentration changes of the plasma metabolomic biomarkers. The results show that 25 characteristic metabolites related to the CHD patients comparing with the healthy people, and 4 identifiable variables had significant differences betweenQi Deficiency and non-Qi Deficiency patients. On the basis of identifying the different plasma endogenous metabolites between CHD patients and healthy people, we further prompted the metabolic rules, pathogenesis, and biological essence in Qi Deficiency syndrome patients. 1
