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Mark Siddall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Absence of post‐Miocene Red Sea land bridges: biogeographic implications
Journal of Biogeography, 2006Co-Authors: Carlos A. Fernandes, Eelco J. Rohling, Mark SiddallAbstract:In a large number of studies concerned with species movements between Africa and Eurasia, including the migrations of hominids out of Africa, a frequently-cited dispersal route is across a hypothetical land bridge in the southern Red Sea, which is suggested to have emerged during glacial sea-level lowstands. This paper, however, unequivocally demonstrates that palaeoceanographic and palaeoecological data are incompatible with the existence of Red Sea land bridges since the Miocene. The case is made by presenting the first Quantitative History of water depth above the Red Sea sill for the last 470,000 years, a time period that includes the four most recent glacial–interglacial cycles, and by discussing the predictable consequences of any land bridge formation on the Red Sea sedimentary and microfossil records. The absence of post-Miocene Red Sea land bridges has extensive implications for biogeographic models in the Afro-Arabian region. Genetic, morphometric and palaeontological patterns reported in the literature cannot be related to dispersals over a land bridge, or in the case of marine organisms, separation of the Red Sea from the Indian Ocean by a land bridge. If such patterns in terrestrial species are only congruent with a southern Red Sea dispersal route, then they need to be considered in terms of sweepstake rafting, anthropogenic introduction, or in the particular case of the Out-of-Africa migration by modern humans, seafaring. The constraints imposed by our palaeoenvironmental record on biogeographic reconstructions within and around the Red Sea will hopefully encourage both the review of previous works and the preference for multidisciplinary approaches in future studies.
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EDITORIAL Absence of post-Miocene Red Sea land bridges: biogeographic implications
2006Co-Authors: Carlos A. Fernandes, Eelco J. Rohling, Mark SiddallAbstract:In a large number of studies concerned with species movements between Africa and Eurasia, including the migrations of hominids out of Africa, a frequentlycited dispersal route is across a hypothetical land bridge in the southern Red Sea, which is suggested to have emerged during glacial sea-level lowstands. This paper, however, unequivocally demonstrates that palaeoceanographic and palaeoecological data are incompatible with the existence of Red Sea land bridges since the Miocene. The case is made by presenting the first Quantitative History of water depth above the Red Sea sill for the last 470,000 years, a time period that includes the four most recent glacial–interglacial cycles, and by discussing the predictable consequences of any land bridge formation on the Red Sea sedimentary and microfossil records. The absence of post-Miocene Red Sea land bridges has extensive implications for biogeographic models in the Afro-Arabian region. Genetic, morphometric and palaeontological patterns reported in the literature cannot be related to dispersals over a land bridge, or in the case of marine organisms, separation of the Red Sea from the Indian Ocean by a land bridge. If such patterns in terrestrial species are only congruent with a southern Red Sea dispersal route, then they need to be considered in terms of sweepstake rafting, anthropogenic introduction, or in the particular case of the Out-of-Africa migration by modern humans, seafaring. The constraints imposed by our palaeoenvironmental record on biogeographic reconstructions within and around the Red Sea will hopefully encourage both the review of previous works and the preference for multidisciplinary approaches in future studies.
Carlos A. Fernandes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Absence of post‐Miocene Red Sea land bridges: biogeographic implications
Journal of Biogeography, 2006Co-Authors: Carlos A. Fernandes, Eelco J. Rohling, Mark SiddallAbstract:In a large number of studies concerned with species movements between Africa and Eurasia, including the migrations of hominids out of Africa, a frequently-cited dispersal route is across a hypothetical land bridge in the southern Red Sea, which is suggested to have emerged during glacial sea-level lowstands. This paper, however, unequivocally demonstrates that palaeoceanographic and palaeoecological data are incompatible with the existence of Red Sea land bridges since the Miocene. The case is made by presenting the first Quantitative History of water depth above the Red Sea sill for the last 470,000 years, a time period that includes the four most recent glacial–interglacial cycles, and by discussing the predictable consequences of any land bridge formation on the Red Sea sedimentary and microfossil records. The absence of post-Miocene Red Sea land bridges has extensive implications for biogeographic models in the Afro-Arabian region. Genetic, morphometric and palaeontological patterns reported in the literature cannot be related to dispersals over a land bridge, or in the case of marine organisms, separation of the Red Sea from the Indian Ocean by a land bridge. If such patterns in terrestrial species are only congruent with a southern Red Sea dispersal route, then they need to be considered in terms of sweepstake rafting, anthropogenic introduction, or in the particular case of the Out-of-Africa migration by modern humans, seafaring. The constraints imposed by our palaeoenvironmental record on biogeographic reconstructions within and around the Red Sea will hopefully encourage both the review of previous works and the preference for multidisciplinary approaches in future studies.
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EDITORIAL Absence of post-Miocene Red Sea land bridges: biogeographic implications
2006Co-Authors: Carlos A. Fernandes, Eelco J. Rohling, Mark SiddallAbstract:In a large number of studies concerned with species movements between Africa and Eurasia, including the migrations of hominids out of Africa, a frequentlycited dispersal route is across a hypothetical land bridge in the southern Red Sea, which is suggested to have emerged during glacial sea-level lowstands. This paper, however, unequivocally demonstrates that palaeoceanographic and palaeoecological data are incompatible with the existence of Red Sea land bridges since the Miocene. The case is made by presenting the first Quantitative History of water depth above the Red Sea sill for the last 470,000 years, a time period that includes the four most recent glacial–interglacial cycles, and by discussing the predictable consequences of any land bridge formation on the Red Sea sedimentary and microfossil records. The absence of post-Miocene Red Sea land bridges has extensive implications for biogeographic models in the Afro-Arabian region. Genetic, morphometric and palaeontological patterns reported in the literature cannot be related to dispersals over a land bridge, or in the case of marine organisms, separation of the Red Sea from the Indian Ocean by a land bridge. If such patterns in terrestrial species are only congruent with a southern Red Sea dispersal route, then they need to be considered in terms of sweepstake rafting, anthropogenic introduction, or in the particular case of the Out-of-Africa migration by modern humans, seafaring. The constraints imposed by our palaeoenvironmental record on biogeographic reconstructions within and around the Red Sea will hopefully encourage both the review of previous works and the preference for multidisciplinary approaches in future studies.
Eelco J. Rohling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Absence of post‐Miocene Red Sea land bridges: biogeographic implications
Journal of Biogeography, 2006Co-Authors: Carlos A. Fernandes, Eelco J. Rohling, Mark SiddallAbstract:In a large number of studies concerned with species movements between Africa and Eurasia, including the migrations of hominids out of Africa, a frequently-cited dispersal route is across a hypothetical land bridge in the southern Red Sea, which is suggested to have emerged during glacial sea-level lowstands. This paper, however, unequivocally demonstrates that palaeoceanographic and palaeoecological data are incompatible with the existence of Red Sea land bridges since the Miocene. The case is made by presenting the first Quantitative History of water depth above the Red Sea sill for the last 470,000 years, a time period that includes the four most recent glacial–interglacial cycles, and by discussing the predictable consequences of any land bridge formation on the Red Sea sedimentary and microfossil records. The absence of post-Miocene Red Sea land bridges has extensive implications for biogeographic models in the Afro-Arabian region. Genetic, morphometric and palaeontological patterns reported in the literature cannot be related to dispersals over a land bridge, or in the case of marine organisms, separation of the Red Sea from the Indian Ocean by a land bridge. If such patterns in terrestrial species are only congruent with a southern Red Sea dispersal route, then they need to be considered in terms of sweepstake rafting, anthropogenic introduction, or in the particular case of the Out-of-Africa migration by modern humans, seafaring. The constraints imposed by our palaeoenvironmental record on biogeographic reconstructions within and around the Red Sea will hopefully encourage both the review of previous works and the preference for multidisciplinary approaches in future studies.
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EDITORIAL Absence of post-Miocene Red Sea land bridges: biogeographic implications
2006Co-Authors: Carlos A. Fernandes, Eelco J. Rohling, Mark SiddallAbstract:In a large number of studies concerned with species movements between Africa and Eurasia, including the migrations of hominids out of Africa, a frequentlycited dispersal route is across a hypothetical land bridge in the southern Red Sea, which is suggested to have emerged during glacial sea-level lowstands. This paper, however, unequivocally demonstrates that palaeoceanographic and palaeoecological data are incompatible with the existence of Red Sea land bridges since the Miocene. The case is made by presenting the first Quantitative History of water depth above the Red Sea sill for the last 470,000 years, a time period that includes the four most recent glacial–interglacial cycles, and by discussing the predictable consequences of any land bridge formation on the Red Sea sedimentary and microfossil records. The absence of post-Miocene Red Sea land bridges has extensive implications for biogeographic models in the Afro-Arabian region. Genetic, morphometric and palaeontological patterns reported in the literature cannot be related to dispersals over a land bridge, or in the case of marine organisms, separation of the Red Sea from the Indian Ocean by a land bridge. If such patterns in terrestrial species are only congruent with a southern Red Sea dispersal route, then they need to be considered in terms of sweepstake rafting, anthropogenic introduction, or in the particular case of the Out-of-Africa migration by modern humans, seafaring. The constraints imposed by our palaeoenvironmental record on biogeographic reconstructions within and around the Red Sea will hopefully encourage both the review of previous works and the preference for multidisciplinary approaches in future studies.
Robert Whaples - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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THE SUPPLY AND DEMAND OF ECONOMIC History: RECENT TRENDS IN THE JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC History
The Journal of Economic History, 2002Co-Authors: Robert WhaplesAbstract:A decade has passed since I surveyed the first 50 years of the Journal of Economic History . Whaples, “Quantitative History.” This note picks up that story by documenting changes in the “supply” of economic History since 1990—the topics of the J OURNAL'S articles, who has had articles published in its pages, and how rankings of economic-History programs are reflected by recent publications. In addition, I use data on articles published in the J OURNAL to examine the “demand” for economic History—which articles have been cited the most often and what types of articles are most likely to be cited.
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A Quantitative History of the Journal of Economc History and the Cliometric Revolution
The Journal of Economic History, 1991Co-Authors: Robert WhaplesAbstract:What do economic historians do? I analyze Quantitatively The Journal of Economic History's contents since its founding, showing subfields, nations, and periods studied, and which scholars and universities have contributed. The timing, extent, and participants of the cliometric revolution are investigated. New rankings of economic History programs are made.
Claire Lemercier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A History Without the Social Sciences
Annales. Histoire Sciences Sociales, 2015Co-Authors: Claire Lemercier, Angela KriegerAbstract:According to David Armitage and Jo Guldi, digitized sources and quantification almost naturally lead to the sort of longue duree History that they seek to promote. This article questions that assertion on the basis of the long tradition of Quantitative History, open to exchanges with the social sciences and revived, not annihilated, by microHistory. The digitization of numerous historical sources does not call for less caution in our analyses—quite the contrary, as it creates new biases. More importantly, it does not solve the crucial question of controlled anachronism, that is, the need for carefully constructed categories in any quantification based on the longue duree. The article also addresses the implications of choosing the longue duree as the exclusive basis for reflections on historical processes and causality. Is the longue duree purely a scale for description? If not, can it escape a simplistic vision, a monocausal path dependency? If we are to avoid such pitfalls, the wider debates within all the social sciences on time-scales and causality must be taken into account.
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A History Without the Social Sciences?
Annales (English ed.), 2015Co-Authors: Claire LemercierAbstract:Abstract According to David Armitage and Jo Guldi, digitized sources and quantification almost naturally lead to the sort of longue durée History that they seek to promote. This article questions that assertion on the basis of the long tradition of Quantitative History, open to exchanges with the social sciences and revived, not annihilated, by microHistory. The digitization of numerous historical sources does not call for less caution in our analyses—quite the contrary, as it creates new biases. More importantly, it does not solve the crucial question of controlled anachronism, that is, the need for carefully constructed categories in any quantification based on the longue durée. The article also addresses the implications of choosing the longue durée as the exclusive basis for reflections on historical processes and causality. Is the longue durée purely a scale for description? If not, can it escape a simplistic vision, a monocausal path dependency? If we are to avoid such pitfalls, the wider debates within all the social sciences on time-scales and causality must be taken into account.
