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Gailing Oliver - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development of novel Quercus Rubra chloroplast genome caps markers for haplotype identification
'Walter de Gruyter GmbH', 2020Co-Authors: Pettenkofer Tim, Finkeldey Reiner, Müller Markus, Krutovsky Konstantin, Vornam Barbara, Leinemann Ludger, Gailing OliverAbstract:Our main objective was to generate cost-effective chloroplast (cp) DNA markers that are easy to apply and to score. In combination with already published cpSSR markers they should increase haplotype resolution in populations. To discover new cpDNA markers, we sequenced 87-97 % of the entire chloroplast genome (except the second inverted repeat) of 8 trees representing different regions of the Quercus Rubra L. natural range with 4,030X-6,297X coverage and assembled the genome sequences using the publicly available chloroplast genome of Quercus Rubra L. as a reference. In total, 118 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 107 insertions or deletions (indels) were detected, and 15 cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers were developed for Q. Rubra. Using these new markers together with five chloroplast microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) markers, we identified 10 haplotypes in our diversity panel of 19 Q. Rubra populations. Specifically, two haplotypes based only on the cpSSR markers could now be separated in five haplotypes. These markers are useful to assess haplotype diversity with high resolution and are also transferable to a closely related species, Quercus ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill
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Development of novel Quercus Rubra chloroplast genome CAPS markers for haplotype identification : научное издание
'Walter de Gruyter GmbH', 2020Co-Authors: Pettenkofer Tim, Finkeldey Reiner, Krutovsky Konstantin, Vornam Barbara, Leinemann Ludger, Mueller Markus, Gailing OliverAbstract:Статья из журнала. Научное издание.Our main objective was to generate cost-effective chloroplast (cp) DNA markers that are easy to apply and to score. In combination with already published cpSSR markers they should increase haplotype resolution in populations. To discover new cpDNA markers, we sequenced 87-97 % of the entire chloroplast genome (except the second inverted repeat) of 8 trees representing different regions of the Quercus Rubra L natural range with 4,030X-6,297X coverage and assembled the genome sequences using the publicly available chloroplast genome of Quercus Rubra L. as a reference. In total, 118 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 107 insertions or deletions (indels) were detected, and 15 cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers were developed for Q. Rubra. Using these new markers together with five chloroplast microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) markers, we identified 10 haplotypes in our diversity panel of 19 Q. Rubra populations. Specifically, two haplotypes based only on the cpSSR markers could now be separated in five haplotypes. These markers are useful to assess haplotype diversity with high resolution and are also transferable to a closely related species, Quercus ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill. Our main objective was to generate cost-effective chloroplast (cp) DNA markers that are easy to apply and to score. In combination with already published cpSSR markers they should increase haplotype resolution in populations. To discover new cpDNA markersOur main objective was to generate cost-effective chloroplast (cp) DNA markers that are easy to apply and to score. In combination with already published cpSSR markers they should increase haplotype resolution in populations. To discover new cpDNA marker
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Chloroplast haplotypes of Northern Red Oak (Quercus Rubra L.) stands in Germany suggest their origin from northeastern Canada
'MDPI AG', 2020Co-Authors: Goetz Jeremias, Krutovsky Konstantin, Leinemann Ludger, Mueller Markus, Rajora Om P., Gailing OliverAbstract:Статья из журнала.Northern red oak (Quercus Rubra L.) is one of the most important foreign tree species in Germany and considered as a major candidate for prospective sustainable forestry in the face of climate change. Therefore, Q. Rubra was subject of many previous studies on its growth traits and attempts to infer the origin of various populations of this species using nuclear and chloroplast DNA markers. However, the exact geographic origin of German red oak stands has still not been identified. Its native range widely extends over North America, and the species can tolerate a broad range of environmental conditions. We genotyped individual trees in 85 populations distributed in Germany and North America using five chloroplast microsatellite and three novel chloroplast CAPS markers, resulting in the identification of 29 haplotypes. The new marker set enabled the identification of several new red oak haplotypes with restricted geographic origin. Some very rare haplotypes helped us narrow down the origin of Q. Rubra stands in Germany, especially some stands from North Rhine-Westphalia, to the northern part of the species' natural distribution area including the Peninsula of Nova Scotia, where the most similar haplotype composition was observed, compared to distinct German stands. © 2020 by the authors
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Genetic variation of introduced red oak (Quercus Rubra) stands in Germany compared to North American populations
Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech, 2020Co-Authors: Pettenkofer Tim, Finkeldey Reiner, Müller Markus, Krutovsky Konstantin, Vornam Barbara, Leinemann Ludger, Gailing OliverAbstract:Although Northern red oak (Quercus Rubra L.) is the most important introduced deciduous tree species in Germany, only little is known about its genetic variation. For the frst time, we describe patterns of neutral and potentially adaptive nuclear genetic variation in Northern red oak stands across Germany. For this purpose, 792 trees were genotyped including 611 trees from 12 stands in Germany of unknown origin and 181 trees from four populations within the natural distribution area in North America. Our marker set included 12 potentially adaptive (expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeat=EST SSR) and 8 putatively selectively neutral nuclear microsatellite (nSSR) markers. Our results showed that German stands retain comparatively high levels of genetic variation at both EST-SSRs and nSSRs, but are more similar to each other than to North American populations. These fndings are in agreement with earlier chloroplast DNA analyses which suggested that German populations originated from a limited geographic area in North America. The comparison between potentially adaptive and neutral microsatellite markers did not reveal diferences in the analyzed diversity and diferentiation measures for most markers. However, locus FIR013 was identifed as a potential outlier locus. Due to the absence of signatures of selection in German stands, we suggest that introduced populations were established with material from provenances that were adapted to environmental conditions similar to those in Germany. However, we analyzed only a limited number of loci which are unlikely to be representative of adaptive genetic diferences among German stands. Our results suggest that the apparent introduction from a limited geographic range in North America may go along with a reduced adaptive potential
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Genetic variation of introduced red oak (Quercus Rubra) stands in Germany compared to North American populations
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2020Co-Authors: Pettenkofer Tim, Finkeldey Reiner, Müller Markus, Krutovsky Konstantin, Vornam Barbara, Leinemann Ludger, Gailing OliverAbstract:© 2020, The Author(s). Although Northern red oak (Quercus Rubra L.) is the most important introduced deciduous tree species in Germany, only little is known about its genetic variation. For the first time, we describe patterns of neutral and potentially adaptive nuclear genetic variation in Northern red oak stands across Germany. For this purpose, 792 trees were genotyped including 611 trees from 12 stands in Germany of unknown origin and 181 trees from four populations within the natural distribution area in North America. Our marker set included 12 potentially adaptive (expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeat = EST SSR) and 8 putatively selectively neutral nuclear microsatellite (nSSR) markers. Our results showed that German stands retain comparatively high levels of genetic variation at both EST-SSRs and nSSRs, but are more similar to each other than to North American populations. These findings are in agreement with earlier chloroplast DNA analyses which suggested that German populations originated from a limited geographic area in North America. The comparison between potentially adaptive and neutral microsatellite markers did not reveal differences in the analyzed diversity and differentiation measures for most markers. However, locus FIR013 was identified as a potential outlier locus. Due to the absence of signatures of selection in German stands, we suggest that introduced populations were established with material from provenances that were adapted to environmental conditions similar to those in Germany. However, we analyzed only a limited number of loci which are unlikely to be representative of adaptive genetic differences among German stands. Our results suggest that the apparent introduction from a limited geographic range in North America may go along with a reduced adaptive potential
Andrzej M Jagodzinski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seedling survival of prunus serotina ehrh Quercus Rubra l and robinia pseudoacacia l in temperate forests of western poland
Forest Ecology and Management, 2019Co-Authors: Marcin K Dyderski, Andrzej M JagodzinskiAbstract:Abstract Although invasive trees species spread effectively across different habitats, data on survival of their seedlings are scarce. We compared seedling survival after the first year from germination for the three most invasive tree species in temperate Europe. We also assessed the impact of light availability, parental tree stands and intra- and inter-specific competition. We studied seedlings of three invasive species: Prunus serotina Ehrh., Quercus Rubra L. and Robinia pseudoacacia L., in a set of 186 study plots in W Poland over three years (2015–2018). In total, we labelled 11,135 seedlings. We assessed importance of variables using machine learning techniques. Mean seedling survival was 3.9 ± 1.2%, 12.5 ± 2.2% and 0.1 ± 0.1% for P. serotina, Q. Rubra and R. pseudoacacia respectively, and was higher than for native species. Survival of Q. Rubra seedlings depended mostly on intraspecific competition in understory, light availability and parental trees availability. Survival of P. serotina seedlings depended mostly on intra- and inter-specific competition, germination year (precipitation seasonality) and light availability. Our study explained that despite the high seedling densities of invasive species beneath parental tree canopies, their survival was lower than in surrounding forests. These two aspects of the establishment process (seedling abundance and survival) contribute to the dynamic equilibrium between limiting (low survival beneath maternal tree canopies) and facilitating (high seedling densities beneath maternal trees canopies) the growth of young generations of invasive tree species.
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effects of land use change and Quercus Rubra introduction on vaccinium myrtillus performance in pinus sylvestris forests
Forest Ecology and Management, 2019Co-Authors: Beata Woziwoda, Marcin K Dyderski, Andrzej M JagodzinskiAbstract:Abstract Tree species diversity can positively affect numerous forest functions. This is why Scots pine monocultures, widely promoted in Central Europe since the 18th Century, are converted into mixed stands, also with broadleaved species of alien origin. Here we studied the impacts of Northern red oak (Quercus Rubra) introduction and forest continuity (ancient vs. recent forests) on bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) – a dominant component of the forest understory and very important ecosystem services provider in temperate coniferous (Pinus sylvestris) forests. We measured bilberry cover, density and height of shoots, fruit productivity (number and biomass of berries) as well as biomass of stems and leaves. 2000 bilberry shoots (ramets) were collected in 200 plots located in four types of Scots pine forest in central Poland: recent and ancient forests, with and without Q. Rubra. At the individual (ramet) level we found decreased aboveground biomass and fruiting leaf mass fraction of bilberry in recent pine monoculture and in both types of forest with Q. Rubra. Presence of Q. Rubra also modified the trajectory of the allometric relationship between biomass and height: plants with the same height had lower biomass. At the population level we found a decrease of shoot density, biomass and fruiting, which resulted from effects at the individual shoot level and from lower density. At the ecosystem level these relationships were modified by decreased cover of bilberry in the understory layer and bilberry fruit biomass in recent forests (with and without Q. Rubra) and in ancient forest with Q. Rubra. Results clearly indicated that V. myrtillus benefited from the continuity of Scots pine forests and declined after Q. Rubra introduction. As V. myrtillus serves as shelter and provides food for numerous animal species, decreases in bilberry cover and biomass can have far-reaching consequences for biodiversity and population dynamics of numerous species which occur naturally in Scots pine forests. Results show that it can also result in a decrease in availability of non-wood forest products. Therefore, as part of sustainable forest management, we suggest limiting admixture of invasive Q. Rubra (as well as other broadleaved species) into pine monocultures in areas with abundant V. myrtillus cover.
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propagule pressure presence of roads and microsite variability influence dispersal of introduced Quercus Rubra in temperate pinus sylvestris forest
Forest Ecology and Management, 2018Co-Authors: Beata Woziwoda, Marcin K Dyderski, Andrzej M Jagodzinski, Anastazja Krzyzanowska, Ewa StefanskakrzaczekAbstract:Abstract The effective sustainable management of introduced woody species requires understanding of the mechanisms which affect successful colonization in different forest habitats. We studied the spontaneous spread of the alien species – Northern red oak (Quercus Rubra) in the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forest located in Poland. We analysed the impacts of seed source distance, presence of and distance from linear structures (public and forest roads) in the landscape, as well as microhabitat diversity, on the distribution of juvenile red oaks. We also studied the effects of types of acorn deposition sites (under shrubs, within clumps of Vaccinium myrtillus, in the open), and ways of seed burial (in moss wefts, in rodent corridors) by animal seed hoarders on seed germination and seedling growth. Field data were collected in six transect lines divided into 3300 plots (1 m2 each). We found that Q. Rubra efficiently colonizes Scots pine monoculture. Results of spatially explicit hierarchical generalized linear models showed that distance from acorn sources and occurrence of sparse shrub layers are the most important predictors of Q. Rubra ecological success, defined as establishment of juvenile specimens. The presence of roads – potential migration corridors for avian and mammalian acorn consumers/dispersers – favoured non-random red oak spread. The “nurse effect” of native understory components on red oak seed germination and seedling growth was indicated by higher numbers of juvenile specimens as well as by higher proportions of germinated seeds noted under shrubs than in open areas (without shrubs) or within clumps of V. myrtillus. All red oaks developed from seeds buried in compact moss wefts or in spacious caches and corridors created by rodents in the moss layer, which indicated a positive “burial effect”. We conclude that microhabitats make the Scots pine forests very suitable for Q. Rubra invasion. Because of the wide distribution of numerous red oak stands in European temperate forests and the presence of numerous oak seed dispersers, the continuous colonization of widespread Scots pine monocultures by Q. Rubra must be expected.
Pettenkofer Tim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development of novel Quercus Rubra chloroplast genome caps markers for haplotype identification
'Walter de Gruyter GmbH', 2020Co-Authors: Pettenkofer Tim, Finkeldey Reiner, Müller Markus, Krutovsky Konstantin, Vornam Barbara, Leinemann Ludger, Gailing OliverAbstract:Our main objective was to generate cost-effective chloroplast (cp) DNA markers that are easy to apply and to score. In combination with already published cpSSR markers they should increase haplotype resolution in populations. To discover new cpDNA markers, we sequenced 87-97 % of the entire chloroplast genome (except the second inverted repeat) of 8 trees representing different regions of the Quercus Rubra L. natural range with 4,030X-6,297X coverage and assembled the genome sequences using the publicly available chloroplast genome of Quercus Rubra L. as a reference. In total, 118 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 107 insertions or deletions (indels) were detected, and 15 cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers were developed for Q. Rubra. Using these new markers together with five chloroplast microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) markers, we identified 10 haplotypes in our diversity panel of 19 Q. Rubra populations. Specifically, two haplotypes based only on the cpSSR markers could now be separated in five haplotypes. These markers are useful to assess haplotype diversity with high resolution and are also transferable to a closely related species, Quercus ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill
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Development of novel Quercus Rubra chloroplast genome CAPS markers for haplotype identification : научное издание
'Walter de Gruyter GmbH', 2020Co-Authors: Pettenkofer Tim, Finkeldey Reiner, Krutovsky Konstantin, Vornam Barbara, Leinemann Ludger, Mueller Markus, Gailing OliverAbstract:Статья из журнала. Научное издание.Our main objective was to generate cost-effective chloroplast (cp) DNA markers that are easy to apply and to score. In combination with already published cpSSR markers they should increase haplotype resolution in populations. To discover new cpDNA markers, we sequenced 87-97 % of the entire chloroplast genome (except the second inverted repeat) of 8 trees representing different regions of the Quercus Rubra L natural range with 4,030X-6,297X coverage and assembled the genome sequences using the publicly available chloroplast genome of Quercus Rubra L. as a reference. In total, 118 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 107 insertions or deletions (indels) were detected, and 15 cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers were developed for Q. Rubra. Using these new markers together with five chloroplast microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) markers, we identified 10 haplotypes in our diversity panel of 19 Q. Rubra populations. Specifically, two haplotypes based only on the cpSSR markers could now be separated in five haplotypes. These markers are useful to assess haplotype diversity with high resolution and are also transferable to a closely related species, Quercus ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill. Our main objective was to generate cost-effective chloroplast (cp) DNA markers that are easy to apply and to score. In combination with already published cpSSR markers they should increase haplotype resolution in populations. To discover new cpDNA markersOur main objective was to generate cost-effective chloroplast (cp) DNA markers that are easy to apply and to score. In combination with already published cpSSR markers they should increase haplotype resolution in populations. To discover new cpDNA marker
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Genetic variation of introduced red oak (Quercus Rubra) stands in Germany compared to North American populations
Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech, 2020Co-Authors: Pettenkofer Tim, Finkeldey Reiner, Müller Markus, Krutovsky Konstantin, Vornam Barbara, Leinemann Ludger, Gailing OliverAbstract:Although Northern red oak (Quercus Rubra L.) is the most important introduced deciduous tree species in Germany, only little is known about its genetic variation. For the frst time, we describe patterns of neutral and potentially adaptive nuclear genetic variation in Northern red oak stands across Germany. For this purpose, 792 trees were genotyped including 611 trees from 12 stands in Germany of unknown origin and 181 trees from four populations within the natural distribution area in North America. Our marker set included 12 potentially adaptive (expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeat=EST SSR) and 8 putatively selectively neutral nuclear microsatellite (nSSR) markers. Our results showed that German stands retain comparatively high levels of genetic variation at both EST-SSRs and nSSRs, but are more similar to each other than to North American populations. These fndings are in agreement with earlier chloroplast DNA analyses which suggested that German populations originated from a limited geographic area in North America. The comparison between potentially adaptive and neutral microsatellite markers did not reveal diferences in the analyzed diversity and diferentiation measures for most markers. However, locus FIR013 was identifed as a potential outlier locus. Due to the absence of signatures of selection in German stands, we suggest that introduced populations were established with material from provenances that were adapted to environmental conditions similar to those in Germany. However, we analyzed only a limited number of loci which are unlikely to be representative of adaptive genetic diferences among German stands. Our results suggest that the apparent introduction from a limited geographic range in North America may go along with a reduced adaptive potential
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Genetic variation of introduced red oak (Quercus Rubra) stands in Germany compared to North American populations
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2020Co-Authors: Pettenkofer Tim, Finkeldey Reiner, Müller Markus, Krutovsky Konstantin, Vornam Barbara, Leinemann Ludger, Gailing OliverAbstract:© 2020, The Author(s). Although Northern red oak (Quercus Rubra L.) is the most important introduced deciduous tree species in Germany, only little is known about its genetic variation. For the first time, we describe patterns of neutral and potentially adaptive nuclear genetic variation in Northern red oak stands across Germany. For this purpose, 792 trees were genotyped including 611 trees from 12 stands in Germany of unknown origin and 181 trees from four populations within the natural distribution area in North America. Our marker set included 12 potentially adaptive (expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeat = EST SSR) and 8 putatively selectively neutral nuclear microsatellite (nSSR) markers. Our results showed that German stands retain comparatively high levels of genetic variation at both EST-SSRs and nSSRs, but are more similar to each other than to North American populations. These findings are in agreement with earlier chloroplast DNA analyses which suggested that German populations originated from a limited geographic area in North America. The comparison between potentially adaptive and neutral microsatellite markers did not reveal differences in the analyzed diversity and differentiation measures for most markers. However, locus FIR013 was identified as a potential outlier locus. Due to the absence of signatures of selection in German stands, we suggest that introduced populations were established with material from provenances that were adapted to environmental conditions similar to those in Germany. However, we analyzed only a limited number of loci which are unlikely to be representative of adaptive genetic differences among German stands. Our results suggest that the apparent introduction from a limited geographic range in North America may go along with a reduced adaptive potential
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Genetic variation of introduced red oak (Quercus Rubra) stands in Germany compared to North American populations : научное издание
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2020Co-Authors: Pettenkofer Tim, Finkeldey Reiner, Krutovsky Konstantin, Vornam Barbara, Leinemann Ludger, Mueller Markus, Gailing OliverAbstract:Статья из журнала. Научное издание.Although Northern red oak (Quercus Rubra L.) is the most important introduced deciduous tree species in Germany, only little is known about its genetic variation. For the first time, we describe patterns of neutral and potentially adaptive nuclear genetic variation in Northern red oak stands across Germany. For this purpose, 792 trees were genotyped including 611 trees from 12 stands in Germany of unknown origin and 181 trees from four populations within the natural distribution area in North America. Our marker set included 12 potentially adaptive (expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeat = EST SSR) and 8 putatively selectively neutral nuclear microsatellite (nSSR) markers. Our results showed that German stands retain comparatively high levels of genetic variation at both EST-SSRs and nSSRs, but are more similar to each other than to North American populations. These findings are in agreement with earlier chloroplast DNA analyses which suggested that German populations originated from a limited geographic area in North America. The comparison between potentially adaptive and neutral microsatellite markers did not reveal differences in the analyzed diversity and differentiation measures for most markers. However, locus FIR013 was identified as a potential outlier locus. Due to the absence of signatures of selection in German stands, we suggest that introduced populations were established with material from provenances that were adapted to environmental conditions similar to those in Germany. However, we analyzed only a limited number of loci which are unlikely to be representative of adaptive genetic differences among German stands. Our results suggest that the apparent introduction from a limited geographic range in North America may go along with a reduced adaptive potential
Douglass F Jacobs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reduced translocation of current photosynthate precedes changes in gas exchange for Quercus Rubra seedlings under flooding stress
Tree Physiology, 2016Co-Authors: Anisul M Islam, Joshua L Sloan, Douglass F JacobsAbstract:Northern red oak (Quercus Rubra L.) seedlings are frequently planted on suboptimal sites in their native range in North America, subjecting them to environmental stresses, such as flooding, for which they may not be well adapted. Members of the genus Quercus exhibit a wide range of responses to flooding, and responses of northern red oak to flooding remain inadequately described. To better understand the physiological effects of root system inundation in post-transplant northern red oak seedlings and the effects of flooding on endogenous patterns of resource allocation within the plant, we observed the effects of short-term flooding initiated at the linear shoot growth stage on net photosynthetic rates, dark respiration, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) and translocation of (13)C-labeled current photosynthate. Downward translocation of current photosynthate declined after 4 days of flooding and was the first measured physiological response to flooding; net photosynthetic rates decreased and dark respiration rates increased after 7 days of flooding. Short-term flooding did not affect maximal potential efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm). The finding that decreased downward translocation of (13)C-labeled current photosynthate preceded reduced net photosynthesis and increased dark respiration during flooding suggests the occurrence of sink-limited photosynthesis under these conditions.
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the photosynthetic response of northern red oak Quercus Rubra l and american chestnut castanea dentata marsh borkh under varying light intensity and weed competition
2015Co-Authors: Pedro Vitor P Pereira, Jennifer M Lesko, Douglass F JacobsAbstract:Although widely distributed across Indiana and the United States Midwest, conifer plantations consist largely of non-native species that are of no value to the state’s forest products industry. This project’s goal is to develop science-based protocols and specific silvicultural prescriptions for successfully converting conifer plantations to higher value native hardwoods. Quantifying photosynthesis rate in a plant is an important tool to help us discern the best methods for implementing conifer conversion. Seedlings from two different native species, northern red oak (Quercus Rubra L.) and American chestnut (Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh), were distributed among three different silvicultural cutting treatments (control, thinning and clear cut). Inside each one, two distinct categories of herbaceous control treatments (weed control and no weed control) were installed. Using an AccuPAR LP-80 sensor, canopy PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) interception was measured. Photosynthetic capacity was assessed with a LICOR 6400-XT analyzer to evaluate efficiency in resource use (water, light, gas exchange) and productivity. Among the treatments, clear cut presented maximum PAR intensity, followed by thinning and control, respectively. Both American chestnut and northern red oak seedlings demonstrated the highest photosynthesis rate (Amax) under high light conditions (clear cut), though photosynthesis of chestnut was greater than that of northern red oak. No significant differences were found between species in the weeding treatment for photosynthesis. Results of this study will provide valuable silvicultural prescriptions to Non-Industrial Private Forest (NIPF) landowners, forestry professionals, as well as state and federal agencies in Indiana and other Midwestern states.
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modified exponential nitrogen loading to promote morphological quality and nutrient storage of bareroot cultured Quercus Rubra and Quercus alba seedlings
Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 2006Co-Authors: Zonda K. D. Birge, Francis K Salifu, Douglass F JacobsAbstract:Abstract Exponential nutrient loading has been used to improve nursery fertilizer uptake efficiency of conifer seedlings, but the technique has received little attention in the culture of temperate deciduous hardwoods. This study examined responses of northern red oak (Quercus Rubra L.) and white oak (Q. alba L.) seedlings to modified exponential nitrogen loading during bareroot nursery culture using a broad range of nutrient supply from 0 to 3.35 g nitrogen (N) per plant per season for 18 weeks in Indiana, USA. Seedling growth and nutritional parameters followed a curvilinear pattern that ranged from deficiency to toxicity with increased fertilization consistent with trends depicted in the proposed model for nutrient loading. Fertilization increased plant dry mass by 113–260% for red oak and 49–144% for white oak. Severe nutrient deficiency occurred under indigenous soil fertility, and limited phosphorus and potassium uptake were found to inhibit seedling growth at higher N supply. The sufficiency and op...
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Organic Matter Added to Bareroot Nursery Beds Influences Soil Properties and Morphology of Fraxinus pennsylvanica and Quercus Rubra Seedlings
New Forests, 2006Co-Authors: Anthony S. Davis, Douglass F Jacobs, Kevyn E. Wightman, Zonda K. D. BirgeAbstract:Bareroot hardwood seedling production involves intensive soil management. To increase soil organic matter (OM), nurseries commonly grow a cover crop for 1 year after every 1–2 year of seedling production. Raising soil OM levels can also be achieved through addition of soil amendments. We studied the influence of chicken manure (CM) and composted leaf, tree, and lawn trimmings (Cp) on soil properties and morphology of green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.) and northern red oak (Quercus Rubra L.) seedlings. CM was applied at 725, 1450, or 2900 kg ha−1 (CM725, CM1450, and CM2900, respectively) and Cp was applied at 200 m3 ha−1. Addition of CM and Cp significantly raised soil OM levels and altered soil chemical properties compared to the control (Ctrl). Root-collar diameter increased with addition of CM1450, CM2900, or Cp compared to CM725 or Ctrl plots for northern red oak, but was largest in soils amended with CM2900 for green ash. Conversely, height was greatest with addition of CM725 for northern red oak, but green ash seedlings were shorter in Ctrl plots than in all amendments except for CM725. Root volume of green ash and northern red oak seedlings was positively influenced by addition of CM or Cp. Seedling responses to nursery soil amendments vary with different forms and amounts of OM. Benefits to seedling growth through application of appropriate materials in the proper balance can improve seedling morphological quality and positively influence soil chemical properties.
Jacques C Tardif - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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radial growth and climate responses of white oak Quercus alba and northern red oak Quercus Rubra at the northern distribution limit of white oak in quebec canada
Journal of Biogeography, 2006Co-Authors: Jacques C Tardif, F Conciatori, Patrick Nantel, Daniel GagnonAbstract:Aim The objectives of this study were: (1) to compare radial growth patterns between white oak (Quercus alba L.) and northern red oak (Quercus Rubra L.) growing at the northern distribution limit of white oak; and (2) to assess if the radial growth of white oak at its northern distribution limit is controlled by cold temperature. Location The study was conducted in three regions of the Ottawa valley in southern Quebec. All stands selected were located at the northern limit of distribution of Q. alba. Methods Twelve mixed red and white oak stands were sampled and increment cores were extracted for radial growth analyses. For each oak species, 12 chronologies were derived from tree-ring measurement (residual chronologies). Principal components analysis and redundancy analysis were used to highlight the difference between radial growth in both species and to determine their radial growth-climate association. Results There was little difference between the radial growth of each species; Q. alba, however, exhibits more year-to-year variation in growth than Q. Rubra. More than 65% of the variance in radial growth was shared among sites and species. Both species showed a similar response to climate, which suggested that the limit of distribution of Q. alba might not be determined by effects on growth. Both species had a classic response to climate and drought in the early growing season. Main conclusions The northern distribution limit of Q. alba does not appear to be directly controlled by effects on growth processes as indicated by the similarities in radial growth and response to climate between the two species. The location of the stands on southern aspects suggested that cold temperature could have been a major factor controlling the distribution limit of Q. alba. However, it is speculated that stands growing on southern aspects may be more prone to forest fires or to drought, which would favour the maintenance and establishment of oaks, and of Q. alba in particular. Models relating the northern distribution limits of species to broad climate parameters like annual mean temperature will need to be reviewed to incorporate more biologically relevant information. Such assessments will in turn provide better estimates of the effect of climate changes on species distribution.
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a comparison of ring width and event year chronologies derived from white oak Quercus alba and northern red oak Quercus Rubra southwestern quebec canada
Dendrochronologia, 2006Co-Authors: Jacques C Tardif, F ConciatoriAbstract:Abstract In dendrochronology, ring width has been a variable of choice when assessing the radial growth–climate association of tree species. We compared ring-width and event-year chronologies from a dendroclimatic perspective using both white oak ( Quercus alba L.) and northern red oak ( Quercus Rubra L.). The study was conducted in three regions of the Ottawa valley in southern Quebec. Twelve mixed red and white oak stands were selected and for each oak species, 12 chronologies were developed from tree-ring measurement and 12 others were derived using visual assessment of narrow or wide rings (event years). Ring-width and event-year chronologies gave almost identical results and revealed the prevalence of drought in the early growing season as the most influential factor in both species. This study emphasizes the utility of event-year chronologies in tree-ring studies and their comparativeness with ring width. Establishing event-year chronologies has the advantage of being faster than measuring ring width, it does not necessitate complex equipment and depending on the purpose of the study may prove to be at least comparable. The choice of species, their mean sensitivity, the ability to recognize narrow or large rings as well as the number of trees and sites to analyze may, however, be factors to consider when choosing to use event-year chronologies over the more commonly used ring-width ones.
