The Experts below are selected from a list of 6471 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jennifer L Fallman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the automaticity of race and afrocentric facial features in social judgments
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2004Co-Authors: Irene V. Blair, Charles M. Judd, Jennifer L FallmanAbstract:Four experiments were conducted to examine the automaticity of stereotyping based on Racial Category and (within-race) Afrocentric facial features. Results showed that both forms of stereotyping are efficient processes, able to operate when cognitive resources are highly restricted. The 2 differed, however, in their controllability. Participants demonstrated that they were sensitized to race-based stereotypes and able to control that influence to a significant degree. In contrast, participants appeared to be largely unaware of using Afrocentric features to make stereotypic inferences, and they proved unable to avoid doing so, even when they were given explicit information about the process and they demonstrated that they could easily and reliably identify the relevant features.
Irene V. Blair - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Research Article The Influence of Afrocentric Facial Features in Criminal Sentencing
2014Co-Authors: Irene V. Blair, Charles M. Judd, Kristine M. ChapleauAbstract:ABSTRACT—Prior research has shown that within a Racial cat-egory, people with more Afrocentric facial features are pre-sumed more likely to have traits that are stereotypic of Black Americans compared with people with less Afrocentric features. The present study investigated whether this form of feature-based stereotyping might be observed in criminal-sentencing decisions. Analysis of a random sample of inmate records showed that Black and White inmates, given equivalent criminal histories, received roughly equivalent sentences. However, within each race, inmates with more Afrocentric features re-ceived harsher sentences than those with less Afrocentric fea-tures. These results are consistent with laboratory findings, and they suggest that although Racial stereotyping as a function of Racial Category has been successfully removed from sentencing decisions, Racial stereotyping based on the facial features of the offender is a form of bias that is largely overlooked. Stereotypes are commonly defined as widely shared beliefs about the attributes of social groups (Fiske, 1998; Judd & Park, 1993). As such, they are assumed to influence judgment through categorization: Peo-ple are judged to have stereotypic attributes if and only if they are categorized as members of the relevant social group (Bodenhausen &
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the automaticity of race and afrocentric facial features in social judgments
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2004Co-Authors: Irene V. Blair, Charles M. Judd, Jennifer L FallmanAbstract:Four experiments were conducted to examine the automaticity of stereotyping based on Racial Category and (within-race) Afrocentric facial features. Results showed that both forms of stereotyping are efficient processes, able to operate when cognitive resources are highly restricted. The 2 differed, however, in their controllability. Participants demonstrated that they were sensitized to race-based stereotypes and able to control that influence to a significant degree. In contrast, participants appeared to be largely unaware of using Afrocentric features to make stereotypic inferences, and they proved unable to avoid doing so, even when they were given explicit information about the process and they demonstrated that they could easily and reliably identify the relevant features.
Charles M. Judd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Research Article The Influence of Afrocentric Facial Features in Criminal Sentencing
2014Co-Authors: Irene V. Blair, Charles M. Judd, Kristine M. ChapleauAbstract:ABSTRACT—Prior research has shown that within a Racial cat-egory, people with more Afrocentric facial features are pre-sumed more likely to have traits that are stereotypic of Black Americans compared with people with less Afrocentric features. The present study investigated whether this form of feature-based stereotyping might be observed in criminal-sentencing decisions. Analysis of a random sample of inmate records showed that Black and White inmates, given equivalent criminal histories, received roughly equivalent sentences. However, within each race, inmates with more Afrocentric features re-ceived harsher sentences than those with less Afrocentric fea-tures. These results are consistent with laboratory findings, and they suggest that although Racial stereotyping as a function of Racial Category has been successfully removed from sentencing decisions, Racial stereotyping based on the facial features of the offender is a form of bias that is largely overlooked. Stereotypes are commonly defined as widely shared beliefs about the attributes of social groups (Fiske, 1998; Judd & Park, 1993). As such, they are assumed to influence judgment through categorization: Peo-ple are judged to have stereotypic attributes if and only if they are categorized as members of the relevant social group (Bodenhausen &
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the automaticity of race and afrocentric facial features in social judgments
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2004Co-Authors: Irene V. Blair, Charles M. Judd, Jennifer L FallmanAbstract:Four experiments were conducted to examine the automaticity of stereotyping based on Racial Category and (within-race) Afrocentric facial features. Results showed that both forms of stereotyping are efficient processes, able to operate when cognitive resources are highly restricted. The 2 differed, however, in their controllability. Participants demonstrated that they were sensitized to race-based stereotypes and able to control that influence to a significant degree. In contrast, participants appeared to be largely unaware of using Afrocentric features to make stereotypic inferences, and they proved unable to avoid doing so, even when they were given explicit information about the process and they demonstrated that they could easily and reliably identify the relevant features.
Wayne E Baker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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discrimination and psychological distress does whiteness matter for arab americans
Social Science & Medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Sawsan Abdulrahim, Sherman A James, Rouham Yamout, Wayne E BakerAbstract:Abstract The white Racial Category in the U.S. encompasses persons who have Arab ancestry. Arab Americans, however, have always occupied a precarious position in relationship to Whiteness. This study examined differences in reporting Racial/ethnic discrimination among Arab Americans. It also investigated whether and how the association between discrimination and psychological distress varies by characteristics that capture an Arab American's proximity to/distance from Whiteness. We used data from the Detroit Arab American Study (2003; n = 1016), which includes measures of discrimination and the Kessler-10 scale of psychological distress. A series of logistic regression models were specified to test the discrimination–psychological distress association, stratified by five measures that capture Whiteness – subjective Racial identification, religion, skin color, ethnic centrality, and residence in the ethnic enclave. Discrimination was more frequently reported by Muslim Arab Americans, those who Racially identify as non-white, and who live in the ethnic enclave. Conversely, the association between discrimination and psychological distress was stronger for Christian Arab Americans, those who Racially identify as white, who have dark skin color, and who live outside the ethnic enclave. Even though Arab Americans who occupy an identity location close to Whiteness are less subjected to discrimination, they are more negatively affected by it. The findings illuminate the complex pathways through which discrimination associates with psychological distress among ‘white’ immigrants. Further research on discrimination and health among Arab Americans can help unpack the white Racial Category and deconstruct Whiteness.
Sawsan Abdulrahim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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discrimination and psychological distress does whiteness matter for arab americans
Social Science & Medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Sawsan Abdulrahim, Sherman A James, Rouham Yamout, Wayne E BakerAbstract:Abstract The white Racial Category in the U.S. encompasses persons who have Arab ancestry. Arab Americans, however, have always occupied a precarious position in relationship to Whiteness. This study examined differences in reporting Racial/ethnic discrimination among Arab Americans. It also investigated whether and how the association between discrimination and psychological distress varies by characteristics that capture an Arab American's proximity to/distance from Whiteness. We used data from the Detroit Arab American Study (2003; n = 1016), which includes measures of discrimination and the Kessler-10 scale of psychological distress. A series of logistic regression models were specified to test the discrimination–psychological distress association, stratified by five measures that capture Whiteness – subjective Racial identification, religion, skin color, ethnic centrality, and residence in the ethnic enclave. Discrimination was more frequently reported by Muslim Arab Americans, those who Racially identify as non-white, and who live in the ethnic enclave. Conversely, the association between discrimination and psychological distress was stronger for Christian Arab Americans, those who Racially identify as white, who have dark skin color, and who live outside the ethnic enclave. Even though Arab Americans who occupy an identity location close to Whiteness are less subjected to discrimination, they are more negatively affected by it. The findings illuminate the complex pathways through which discrimination associates with psychological distress among ‘white’ immigrants. Further research on discrimination and health among Arab Americans can help unpack the white Racial Category and deconstruct Whiteness.
