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B Venkatraman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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determination of natural radioactivity and the associated Radiation Hazards in building materials used in polur tiruvannamalai district tamilnadu india using gamma ray spectrometry with statistical approach
Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2016Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, Y Raghu, Suresh M Gandhi, B VenkatramanAbstract:Abstract The natural radioactivity in building materials collected from Polur, Tamilnadu has been determined using gamma ray spectrometer. The radiological parameters such as radium equivalent activity (Ra eq ), absorbed dose rate (D R ), annual effective dose rate (H R ), alpha index (I α ), gamma-index (I γ ), internal (H in ) and external Hazard indices (H ex ) were evaluated to assess the Radiation Hazard for people dwelling in the study area. The calculated radiological parameters were taken for multivariate statistical analysis to study the relation between radionuclides and radiological parameters. The values obtained in the study are within the recommended safety limits, showing that these building materials do not pose any significant Radiation Hazard and hence the use of these materials in the construction for dwelling purpose can be considered to be safe for the inhabitants.
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assessments of radioactivity concentration of natural radionuclides and radiological Hazard indices in sediment samples from the east coast of tamilnadu india with statistical approach
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2015Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, J Chandramohan, Prince Prakash J Jebakumar, I Vijayalakshmi, B VenkatramanAbstract:This paper reports on the distribution of three natural radionuclides (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K in coastal sediments from Pattipulam to Devanampattinam along the East coast of Tamilnadu to establish baseline data for future environmental monitoring. Sediment samples were collected by a Peterson grab samples from 10m water depth parallel to the shore line. Concentration of natural radionuclides were determined using a NaI(Tl) detector based γ-spectrometry. The mean activity concentration is ⩽2.21, 14.29 and 360.23Bqkg(-1) for (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K, respectively. The average activity of (232)Th, (238)U and (40)K is lower when compared to the world average value. Radiological Hazard parameters were estimated based on the activity concentrations of (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K to find out any Radiation Hazard associated with the sediments. The radiological Hazard parameters such as radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed gamma dose rates in air (DR), the annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE), annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), external Hazard index (Hex) internal Hazard index (Hin), activity utilization index (AUI) and excess lifetime cancer (ELCR) associated with the radionuclides were calculated and compared with internationally approved values and the recommended safety limits. Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) have been applied in order to recognize and classify radiological parameters in sediments collected at 22 sites on East coast of Tamilnadu. The values of Radiation Hazard parameters were comparable to the world averages and below the recommended values. Therefore, coastal sediments do not to pose any significant radiological health risk to the people living in nearby areas along East coast of Tamilnadu. The data obtained in this study will serve as a baseline data in natural radionuclide concentration in sediments along the coastal East coast of Tamilnadu.
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multivariate statistical analysis of radiological data of building materials used in tiruvannamalai tamilnadu india
Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2014Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, A Rajalakshmi, K Vanasundari, M Suganya, Y Raghu, S Sivakumar, J Chandramohan, B VenkatramanAbstract:Using γ spectrometry, the concentration of the naturally occurring radionuclides (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K has been measured in soil, sand, cement, clay and bricks, which are used as building materials in Tiruvannamalai, Tamilnadu, India. The radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the criterion formula (CF), indoor gamma absorbed dose rate (DR), annual effective dose (HR), activity utilization index (AUI), alpha index (Iα), gamma index (Iγ), external Radiation Hazard index (Hex), internal Radiation Hazard index (Hin), representative level index (RLI), excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) associated with the natural radionuclides are calculated to assess the Radiation Hazard of the natural radioactivity in the building materials. From the analysis, it is found that these materials used for the construction of dwellings are safe for the inhabitants. The radiological data were processed using multivariate statistical methods to determine the similarities and correlation among the various samples. The frequency distributions for all radionuclides were analyzed. The data set consisted of 15 measured variables. The Pearson correlation coefficient reveals that the (226)Ra distribution in building materials is controlled by the variation of the (40)K concentration. Principal component analysis (PCA) yields a two-component representation of the acquired data from the building materials in Tiruvannamalai, wherein 94.9% of the total variance is explained. The resulting dendrogram of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) classified the 30 building materials into four major groups using 15 variables.
R Ravisankar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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determination of natural radioactivity and the associated Radiation Hazards in building materials used in polur tiruvannamalai district tamilnadu india using gamma ray spectrometry with statistical approach
Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2016Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, Y Raghu, Suresh M Gandhi, B VenkatramanAbstract:Abstract The natural radioactivity in building materials collected from Polur, Tamilnadu has been determined using gamma ray spectrometer. The radiological parameters such as radium equivalent activity (Ra eq ), absorbed dose rate (D R ), annual effective dose rate (H R ), alpha index (I α ), gamma-index (I γ ), internal (H in ) and external Hazard indices (H ex ) were evaluated to assess the Radiation Hazard for people dwelling in the study area. The calculated radiological parameters were taken for multivariate statistical analysis to study the relation between radionuclides and radiological parameters. The values obtained in the study are within the recommended safety limits, showing that these building materials do not pose any significant Radiation Hazard and hence the use of these materials in the construction for dwelling purpose can be considered to be safe for the inhabitants.
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assessments of radioactivity concentration of natural radionuclides and radiological Hazard indices in sediment samples from the east coast of tamilnadu india with statistical approach
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2015Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, J Chandramohan, Prince Prakash J Jebakumar, I Vijayalakshmi, B VenkatramanAbstract:This paper reports on the distribution of three natural radionuclides (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K in coastal sediments from Pattipulam to Devanampattinam along the East coast of Tamilnadu to establish baseline data for future environmental monitoring. Sediment samples were collected by a Peterson grab samples from 10m water depth parallel to the shore line. Concentration of natural radionuclides were determined using a NaI(Tl) detector based γ-spectrometry. The mean activity concentration is ⩽2.21, 14.29 and 360.23Bqkg(-1) for (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K, respectively. The average activity of (232)Th, (238)U and (40)K is lower when compared to the world average value. Radiological Hazard parameters were estimated based on the activity concentrations of (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K to find out any Radiation Hazard associated with the sediments. The radiological Hazard parameters such as radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed gamma dose rates in air (DR), the annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE), annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), external Hazard index (Hex) internal Hazard index (Hin), activity utilization index (AUI) and excess lifetime cancer (ELCR) associated with the radionuclides were calculated and compared with internationally approved values and the recommended safety limits. Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) have been applied in order to recognize and classify radiological parameters in sediments collected at 22 sites on East coast of Tamilnadu. The values of Radiation Hazard parameters were comparable to the world averages and below the recommended values. Therefore, coastal sediments do not to pose any significant radiological health risk to the people living in nearby areas along East coast of Tamilnadu. The data obtained in this study will serve as a baseline data in natural radionuclide concentration in sediments along the coastal East coast of Tamilnadu.
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multivariate statistical analysis of radiological data of building materials used in tiruvannamalai tamilnadu india
Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2014Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, A Rajalakshmi, K Vanasundari, M Suganya, Y Raghu, S Sivakumar, J Chandramohan, B VenkatramanAbstract:Using γ spectrometry, the concentration of the naturally occurring radionuclides (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K has been measured in soil, sand, cement, clay and bricks, which are used as building materials in Tiruvannamalai, Tamilnadu, India. The radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the criterion formula (CF), indoor gamma absorbed dose rate (DR), annual effective dose (HR), activity utilization index (AUI), alpha index (Iα), gamma index (Iγ), external Radiation Hazard index (Hex), internal Radiation Hazard index (Hin), representative level index (RLI), excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) associated with the natural radionuclides are calculated to assess the Radiation Hazard of the natural radioactivity in the building materials. From the analysis, it is found that these materials used for the construction of dwellings are safe for the inhabitants. The radiological data were processed using multivariate statistical methods to determine the similarities and correlation among the various samples. The frequency distributions for all radionuclides were analyzed. The data set consisted of 15 measured variables. The Pearson correlation coefficient reveals that the (226)Ra distribution in building materials is controlled by the variation of the (40)K concentration. Principal component analysis (PCA) yields a two-component representation of the acquired data from the building materials in Tiruvannamalai, wherein 94.9% of the total variance is explained. The resulting dendrogram of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) classified the 30 building materials into four major groups using 15 variables.
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measurement of natural radioactivity in building materials of namakkal tamil nadu india using gamma ray spectrometry
Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2012Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, A Rajalakshmi, K Vanasundari, M Suganya, V. MeenakshisundaramAbstract:The natural level of radioactivity in building materials is one of the major causes of external exposure to γ-rays. The primordial radionuclides in building materials are one of the sources of Radiation Hazard in dwellings made of these materials. By the determination of the radioactivity level in building materials, the indoor radiological Hazard to human health can be assessed. This is an important precautionary measure whenever the dose rate is found to be above the recommended limits. The aim of this work was to measure the specific activity concentration of (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K in commonly used building materials from Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India, using gamma-ray spectrometer. The Radiation Hazard due to the total natural radioactivity in the studied building materials was estimated by different approaches. The concentrations of the natural radionuclides and the radium equivalent activity in studied samples were compared with the corresponding results of different countries. From the analysis, it is found that these materials may be safely used as construction materials and do not pose significant Radiation Hazards.
Corinne Mitchell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An Underappreciated Radiation Hazard from High Voltage Electrodes in Vacuum.
Health physics, 2017Co-Authors: Adam West, Zack Lasner, David Demille, Elizabeth West, Cristian Panda, John M. Doyle, Gerald Gabrielse, Adam Kryskow, Corinne MitchellAbstract:The use of high voltage (HV) electrodes in vacuum is commonplace in physics laboratories. In such systems, it has long been known that electron emission from an HV cathode can lead to bremsstrahlung x rays; indeed, this is the basic principle behind the operation of standard x-ray sources. However, in laboratory setups where x-ray production is not the goal and no electron source is deliberately introduced, field-emitted electrons accelerated by HV can produce x rays as an unintended Hazardous byproduct. Both the level of Hazard and the safe operating regimes for HV vacuum electrode systems are not widely appreciated, at least in university laboratories. A reinforced awareness of the Radiation Hazards associated with vacuum HV setups would be beneficial. The authors present a case study of a HV vacuum electrode device operated in a university atomic physics laboratory. They describe the characterization of the observed x-ray Radiation, its relation to the observed leakage current in the device, the steps taken to contain and mitigate the Radiation Hazard, and suggested safety guidelines.
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An Underappreciated Radiation Hazard from High Voltage Electrodes in Vacuum
arXiv: Medical Physics, 2016Co-Authors: Adam West, Zack Lasner, David Demille, Elizabeth West, Cristian Panda, John M. Doyle, Gerald Gabrielse, Adam Kryskow, Corinne MitchellAbstract:The use of high voltage (HV) electrodes in vacuum is commonplace in physics laboratories. In such systems, it has long been known that electron emission from an HV cathode can lead to bremsstrahlung X-rays; indeed, this is the basic principle behind the operation of standard X-ray sources. However, in laboratory setups where X-ray production is not the goal and no electron source is deliberately introduced, field-emitted electrons accelerated by HV can produce X-rays as an unintended Hazardous byproduct. Both the level of Hazard and the safe operating regimes for HV vacuum electrode systems are not widely appreciated, at least in university laboratories. A reinforced awareness of the Radiation Hazards associated with vacuum HV setups would be beneficial. We present a case study of a HV vacuum electrode device operated in a university atomic physics laboratory. We describe the characterisation of the observed X-ray Radiation, its relation to the observed leakage current in the device, the steps taken to contain and mitigate the Radiation Hazard, and suggest safety guidelines.
P Vijayagopal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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determination of natural radioactivity and the associated Radiation Hazards in building materials used in polur tiruvannamalai district tamilnadu india using gamma ray spectrometry with statistical approach
Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2016Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, Y Raghu, Suresh M Gandhi, B VenkatramanAbstract:Abstract The natural radioactivity in building materials collected from Polur, Tamilnadu has been determined using gamma ray spectrometer. The radiological parameters such as radium equivalent activity (Ra eq ), absorbed dose rate (D R ), annual effective dose rate (H R ), alpha index (I α ), gamma-index (I γ ), internal (H in ) and external Hazard indices (H ex ) were evaluated to assess the Radiation Hazard for people dwelling in the study area. The calculated radiological parameters were taken for multivariate statistical analysis to study the relation between radionuclides and radiological parameters. The values obtained in the study are within the recommended safety limits, showing that these building materials do not pose any significant Radiation Hazard and hence the use of these materials in the construction for dwelling purpose can be considered to be safe for the inhabitants.
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assessments of radioactivity concentration of natural radionuclides and radiological Hazard indices in sediment samples from the east coast of tamilnadu india with statistical approach
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2015Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, J Chandramohan, Prince Prakash J Jebakumar, I Vijayalakshmi, B VenkatramanAbstract:This paper reports on the distribution of three natural radionuclides (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K in coastal sediments from Pattipulam to Devanampattinam along the East coast of Tamilnadu to establish baseline data for future environmental monitoring. Sediment samples were collected by a Peterson grab samples from 10m water depth parallel to the shore line. Concentration of natural radionuclides were determined using a NaI(Tl) detector based γ-spectrometry. The mean activity concentration is ⩽2.21, 14.29 and 360.23Bqkg(-1) for (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K, respectively. The average activity of (232)Th, (238)U and (40)K is lower when compared to the world average value. Radiological Hazard parameters were estimated based on the activity concentrations of (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K to find out any Radiation Hazard associated with the sediments. The radiological Hazard parameters such as radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed gamma dose rates in air (DR), the annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE), annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), external Hazard index (Hex) internal Hazard index (Hin), activity utilization index (AUI) and excess lifetime cancer (ELCR) associated with the radionuclides were calculated and compared with internationally approved values and the recommended safety limits. Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) have been applied in order to recognize and classify radiological parameters in sediments collected at 22 sites on East coast of Tamilnadu. The values of Radiation Hazard parameters were comparable to the world averages and below the recommended values. Therefore, coastal sediments do not to pose any significant radiological health risk to the people living in nearby areas along East coast of Tamilnadu. The data obtained in this study will serve as a baseline data in natural radionuclide concentration in sediments along the coastal East coast of Tamilnadu.
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multivariate statistical analysis of radiological data of building materials used in tiruvannamalai tamilnadu india
Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2014Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, A Rajalakshmi, K Vanasundari, M Suganya, Y Raghu, S Sivakumar, J Chandramohan, B VenkatramanAbstract:Using γ spectrometry, the concentration of the naturally occurring radionuclides (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K has been measured in soil, sand, cement, clay and bricks, which are used as building materials in Tiruvannamalai, Tamilnadu, India. The radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the criterion formula (CF), indoor gamma absorbed dose rate (DR), annual effective dose (HR), activity utilization index (AUI), alpha index (Iα), gamma index (Iγ), external Radiation Hazard index (Hex), internal Radiation Hazard index (Hin), representative level index (RLI), excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) associated with the natural radionuclides are calculated to assess the Radiation Hazard of the natural radioactivity in the building materials. From the analysis, it is found that these materials used for the construction of dwellings are safe for the inhabitants. The radiological data were processed using multivariate statistical methods to determine the similarities and correlation among the various samples. The frequency distributions for all radionuclides were analyzed. The data set consisted of 15 measured variables. The Pearson correlation coefficient reveals that the (226)Ra distribution in building materials is controlled by the variation of the (40)K concentration. Principal component analysis (PCA) yields a two-component representation of the acquired data from the building materials in Tiruvannamalai, wherein 94.9% of the total variance is explained. The resulting dendrogram of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) classified the 30 building materials into four major groups using 15 variables.
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measurement of natural radioactivity in building materials of namakkal tamil nadu india using gamma ray spectrometry
Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2012Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, A Rajalakshmi, K Vanasundari, M Suganya, V. MeenakshisundaramAbstract:The natural level of radioactivity in building materials is one of the major causes of external exposure to γ-rays. The primordial radionuclides in building materials are one of the sources of Radiation Hazard in dwellings made of these materials. By the determination of the radioactivity level in building materials, the indoor radiological Hazard to human health can be assessed. This is an important precautionary measure whenever the dose rate is found to be above the recommended limits. The aim of this work was to measure the specific activity concentration of (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K in commonly used building materials from Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India, using gamma-ray spectrometer. The Radiation Hazard due to the total natural radioactivity in the studied building materials was estimated by different approaches. The concentrations of the natural radionuclides and the radium equivalent activity in studied samples were compared with the corresponding results of different countries. From the analysis, it is found that these materials may be safely used as construction materials and do not pose significant Radiation Hazards.
A Chandrasekaran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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determination of natural radioactivity and the associated Radiation Hazards in building materials used in polur tiruvannamalai district tamilnadu india using gamma ray spectrometry with statistical approach
Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2016Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, Y Raghu, Suresh M Gandhi, B VenkatramanAbstract:Abstract The natural radioactivity in building materials collected from Polur, Tamilnadu has been determined using gamma ray spectrometer. The radiological parameters such as radium equivalent activity (Ra eq ), absorbed dose rate (D R ), annual effective dose rate (H R ), alpha index (I α ), gamma-index (I γ ), internal (H in ) and external Hazard indices (H ex ) were evaluated to assess the Radiation Hazard for people dwelling in the study area. The calculated radiological parameters were taken for multivariate statistical analysis to study the relation between radionuclides and radiological parameters. The values obtained in the study are within the recommended safety limits, showing that these building materials do not pose any significant Radiation Hazard and hence the use of these materials in the construction for dwelling purpose can be considered to be safe for the inhabitants.
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assessments of radioactivity concentration of natural radionuclides and radiological Hazard indices in sediment samples from the east coast of tamilnadu india with statistical approach
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2015Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, J Chandramohan, Prince Prakash J Jebakumar, I Vijayalakshmi, B VenkatramanAbstract:This paper reports on the distribution of three natural radionuclides (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K in coastal sediments from Pattipulam to Devanampattinam along the East coast of Tamilnadu to establish baseline data for future environmental monitoring. Sediment samples were collected by a Peterson grab samples from 10m water depth parallel to the shore line. Concentration of natural radionuclides were determined using a NaI(Tl) detector based γ-spectrometry. The mean activity concentration is ⩽2.21, 14.29 and 360.23Bqkg(-1) for (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K, respectively. The average activity of (232)Th, (238)U and (40)K is lower when compared to the world average value. Radiological Hazard parameters were estimated based on the activity concentrations of (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K to find out any Radiation Hazard associated with the sediments. The radiological Hazard parameters such as radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed gamma dose rates in air (DR), the annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE), annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), external Hazard index (Hex) internal Hazard index (Hin), activity utilization index (AUI) and excess lifetime cancer (ELCR) associated with the radionuclides were calculated and compared with internationally approved values and the recommended safety limits. Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) have been applied in order to recognize and classify radiological parameters in sediments collected at 22 sites on East coast of Tamilnadu. The values of Radiation Hazard parameters were comparable to the world averages and below the recommended values. Therefore, coastal sediments do not to pose any significant radiological health risk to the people living in nearby areas along East coast of Tamilnadu. The data obtained in this study will serve as a baseline data in natural radionuclide concentration in sediments along the coastal East coast of Tamilnadu.
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multivariate statistical analysis of radiological data of building materials used in tiruvannamalai tamilnadu india
Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2014Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, A Rajalakshmi, K Vanasundari, M Suganya, Y Raghu, S Sivakumar, J Chandramohan, B VenkatramanAbstract:Using γ spectrometry, the concentration of the naturally occurring radionuclides (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K has been measured in soil, sand, cement, clay and bricks, which are used as building materials in Tiruvannamalai, Tamilnadu, India. The radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the criterion formula (CF), indoor gamma absorbed dose rate (DR), annual effective dose (HR), activity utilization index (AUI), alpha index (Iα), gamma index (Iγ), external Radiation Hazard index (Hex), internal Radiation Hazard index (Hin), representative level index (RLI), excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) associated with the natural radionuclides are calculated to assess the Radiation Hazard of the natural radioactivity in the building materials. From the analysis, it is found that these materials used for the construction of dwellings are safe for the inhabitants. The radiological data were processed using multivariate statistical methods to determine the similarities and correlation among the various samples. The frequency distributions for all radionuclides were analyzed. The data set consisted of 15 measured variables. The Pearson correlation coefficient reveals that the (226)Ra distribution in building materials is controlled by the variation of the (40)K concentration. Principal component analysis (PCA) yields a two-component representation of the acquired data from the building materials in Tiruvannamalai, wherein 94.9% of the total variance is explained. The resulting dendrogram of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) classified the 30 building materials into four major groups using 15 variables.
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measurement of natural radioactivity in building materials of namakkal tamil nadu india using gamma ray spectrometry
Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2012Co-Authors: R Ravisankar, A Chandrasekaran, P Vijayagopal, A Rajalakshmi, K Vanasundari, M Suganya, V. MeenakshisundaramAbstract:The natural level of radioactivity in building materials is one of the major causes of external exposure to γ-rays. The primordial radionuclides in building materials are one of the sources of Radiation Hazard in dwellings made of these materials. By the determination of the radioactivity level in building materials, the indoor radiological Hazard to human health can be assessed. This is an important precautionary measure whenever the dose rate is found to be above the recommended limits. The aim of this work was to measure the specific activity concentration of (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K in commonly used building materials from Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India, using gamma-ray spectrometer. The Radiation Hazard due to the total natural radioactivity in the studied building materials was estimated by different approaches. The concentrations of the natural radionuclides and the radium equivalent activity in studied samples were compared with the corresponding results of different countries. From the analysis, it is found that these materials may be safely used as construction materials and do not pose significant Radiation Hazards.
