The Experts below are selected from a list of 210 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael Douek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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novel techniques for sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer a systematic review
Lancet Oncology, 2014Co-Authors: Arnie Purushotham, Muneer Ahmed, Michael DouekAbstract:Summary The existing standard for axillary lymph node staging in breast cancer patients with a clinically and radiologically normal axilla is sentinel lymph node biopsy with a radioisotope and blue dye (dual technique). The dependence on Radioisotopes means that uptake of the procedure is limited to only about 60% of eligible patients in developed countries and is negligible elsewhere. We did a systematic review to assess three techniques for sentinel lymph node biopsy that are not radioisotope dependent or that refine the existing method: indocyanine green fluorescence, contrast-enhanced ultrasound using microbubbles, and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Our systematic review suggested that these new methods for sentinel lymph node biopsy have clinical potential but give high levels of false-negative results. We could not identify any technique that challenged the existing standard procedure. Further assessment of these techniques against the standard dual technique in randomised trials is needed.
Muneer Ahmed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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novel techniques for sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer a systematic review
Lancet Oncology, 2014Co-Authors: Arnie Purushotham, Muneer Ahmed, Michael DouekAbstract:Summary The existing standard for axillary lymph node staging in breast cancer patients with a clinically and radiologically normal axilla is sentinel lymph node biopsy with a radioisotope and blue dye (dual technique). The dependence on Radioisotopes means that uptake of the procedure is limited to only about 60% of eligible patients in developed countries and is negligible elsewhere. We did a systematic review to assess three techniques for sentinel lymph node biopsy that are not radioisotope dependent or that refine the existing method: indocyanine green fluorescence, contrast-enhanced ultrasound using microbubbles, and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Our systematic review suggested that these new methods for sentinel lymph node biopsy have clinical potential but give high levels of false-negative results. We could not identify any technique that challenged the existing standard procedure. Further assessment of these techniques against the standard dual technique in randomised trials is needed.
Angela N. H. Creager - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nuclear Energy in the Service of Biomedicine: The U.S. Atomic Energy Commission’s Radioisotope Program, 1946–1950
Journal of the History of Biology, 2006Co-Authors: Angela N. H. CreagerAbstract:The widespread adoption of Radioisotopes as tools in biomedical research and therapy became one of the major consequences of the “physicists’ war” for postwar life science. Scientists in the Manhattan Project, as part of their efforts to advocate for civilian uses of atomic energy after the war, proposed using infrastructure from the wartime bomb project to develop a government-run radioisotope distribution program. After the Atomic Energy Bill was passed and before the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) was formally established, the Manhattan Project began shipping isotopes from Oak Ridge. Scientists and physicians put these reactor-produced isotopes to many of the same uses that had been pioneered with cyclotron-generated Radioisotopes in the 1930s and early 1940s. The majority of early AEC shipments were radioiodine and radiophosphorus, employed to evaluate thyroid function, diagnose medical disorders, and irradiate tumors. Both researchers and politicians lauded Radioisotopes publicly for their potential in curing diseases, particularly cancer. However, isotopes proved less successful than anticipated in treating cancer and more successful in medical diagnostics. On the research side, reactor-generated Radioisotopes equipped biologists with new tools to trace molecular transformations from metabolic pathways to ecosystems. The U.S. government’s production and promotion of isotopes stimulated their consumption by scientists and physicians (both domestic and abroad), such that in the postwar period isotopes became routine elements of laboratory and clinical use. In the early postwar years, Radioisotopes signified the government’s commitment to harness the␣atom for peace, particularly through contributions to biology, medicine, and agriculture.
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nuclear energy in the service of biomedicine the u s atomic energy commission s radioisotope program 1946 1950
Journal of the History of Biology, 2006Co-Authors: Angela N. H. CreagerAbstract:The widespread adoption of Radioisotopes as tools in biomedical research and therapy became one of the major consequences of the "physicists' war" for postwar life science. Scientists in the Manhattan Project, as part of their efforts to advocate for civilian uses of atomic energy after the war, proposed using infrastructure from the wartime bomb project to develop a government-run radioisotope distribution program. After the Atomic Energy Bill was passed and before the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) was formally established, the Manhattan Project began shipping isotopes from Oak Ridge. Scientists and physicians put these reactor-produced isotopes to many of the same uses that had been pioneered with cyclotron-generated Radioisotopes in the 1930s and early 1940s. The majority of early AEC shipments were radioiodine and radiophosphorus, employed to evaluate thyroid function, diagnose medical disorders, and irradiate tumors. Both researchers and politicians lauded Radioisotopes publicly for their potential in curing diseases, particularly cancer. However, isotopes proved less successful than anticipated in treating cancer and more successful in medical diagnostics. On the research side, reactor-generated Radioisotopes equipped biologists with new tools to trace molecular transformations from metabolic pathways to ecosystems. The U.S. government's production and promotion of isotopes stimulated their consumption by scientists and physicians (both domestic and abroad), such that in the postwar period isotopes became routine elements of laboratory and clinical use. In the early postwar years, Radioisotopes signified the government's commitment to harness the atom for peace, particularly through contributions to biology, medicine, and agriculture.
Arnie Purushotham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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novel techniques for sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer a systematic review
Lancet Oncology, 2014Co-Authors: Arnie Purushotham, Muneer Ahmed, Michael DouekAbstract:Summary The existing standard for axillary lymph node staging in breast cancer patients with a clinically and radiologically normal axilla is sentinel lymph node biopsy with a radioisotope and blue dye (dual technique). The dependence on Radioisotopes means that uptake of the procedure is limited to only about 60% of eligible patients in developed countries and is negligible elsewhere. We did a systematic review to assess three techniques for sentinel lymph node biopsy that are not radioisotope dependent or that refine the existing method: indocyanine green fluorescence, contrast-enhanced ultrasound using microbubbles, and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Our systematic review suggested that these new methods for sentinel lymph node biopsy have clinical potential but give high levels of false-negative results. We could not identify any technique that challenged the existing standard procedure. Further assessment of these techniques against the standard dual technique in randomised trials is needed.
Wade P Carroll - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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review of recent advances of radioisotope power systems
Energy Conversion and Management, 2008Co-Authors: Robert G Lange, Wade P CarrollAbstract:Radioisotope power systems have demonstrated numerous advantages over other types of power supplies for long-lived, unattended applications in space and in remote terrestrial locations. Many especially challenging power applications can be satisfied by proper selection, design, and integration of the radioisotope heat source and the power conversion technologies that are now available or that can be developed. This paper provides a brief review of the factors influencing selection of Radioisotopes and design of power systems, and discusses the current state of practice and future programmatic and technical challenges to continued use of radioisotope power systems in space.
