The Experts below are selected from a list of 166449 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Christopher T Robertson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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jd next a Randomized Experiment of an online scalable program to prepare diverse students for law school
Social Science Research Network, 2021Co-Authors: Katherine C Cheng, Christopher T Robertson, Jessica Findley, Adriana D Cimetta, Heidi Legg Burross, Matt Charles, Cayley BalserAbstract:We sought to expose diverse potential law students to the methods of JD education and to prepare them for success in law school. This paper reports on the efficacy of the 2019 pilot test of the precursor to the JD-Next program: a fully-online, non-credit, 7.5-week course to train potential JD students in case reading and analysis skills, prior to their first year of law school. We recruited a national sample of potential JD students, enriched for racial/ethnic diversity so that less than half were White non-Hispanics, and Randomized them to the course or an active placebo control group (where participants watched legal television shows). We also recruited a sample of volunteers at one university who self-selected into the course and who were propensity score-matched to non-participants, using university archival data. We found that participating in the course is associated with substantial improvement in grades for the targeted 1L course (Contracts) and overall first semester 1L GPA. We also report substantial student confidence gains and satisfaction with the course, in qualitative and quantitative terms, based on a survey at three points in time (pre-course, post-course, and post-semester). In a companion article, we report on the validity and reliability of the JD-Next exam for use in law school admissions.
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methodological appendix for a Randomized Experiment of the split benefit health insurance reform to reduce high cost low value consumption
Social Science Research Network, 2015Co-Authors: Christopher T Robertson, David V Yokum, Nimish Sheth, Keith A JoinerAbstract:This is the methodological appendix for the paper A Randomized Experiment of the Split Benefit Health Insurance Reform to Reduce High-Cost, Low-Value Consumption, by the same authors: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2545503
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a Randomized Experiment of the split benefit health insurance reform to reduce high cost low value consumption
Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Health, 2014Co-Authors: Christopher T Robertson, David V Yokum, Nimish Sheth, Keith A JoinerAbstract:Traditional cost sharing for health care is stymied by limited patient wealth. The “split benefit” is a new way to reduce consumption of high-cost, low-value treatments for which the risk/benefit ratio is uncertain. When a physician prescribes a costly unproven procedure, the insurer could pay a portion of the benefit directly to the patient, creating a decision opportunity for the patient. The insurer saves the remainder, unless the patient consumes. In this paper, a vignette-based Randomized controlled Experiment with 1,800 respondents sought to test the potential efficacy of the split benefit. The intervention reduced the odds of consumption by about half. It did so regardless of scenario (cancer or cardiac stent), type of split (rebate, prepay, or health savings account), or amount of split (US$5,000 or US$15,000). Respondents viewed the insurer that paid a split as behaving fairly, as it preserved access and choice. Three-quarters of respondents supported such use in Medicare, which did not depend on political party affiliation. The reform is promising for further testing since it has the potential to decrease spending on low-value interventions, and thereby increase the value of the health care dollar.
Barton Willage - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does information disclosure improve consumer knowledge evidence from a Randomized Experiment of restaurant menu calorie labels
Social Science Research Network, 2020Co-Authors: John Cawley, Alex M. Susskind, Barton WillageAbstract:The United States, in 2018, implemented a nationwide requirement that chain restaurants disclose calorie information on their menus and menu boards. This law was motivated by concern that consumers underestimate the number of calories in restaurant food, but it remains unclear the extent to which this information disclosure affects consumer knowledge. This paper fills that gap by estimating the impact of information disclosure on consumer knowledge through a Randomized controlled field Experiment of calorie labels on the menus of a full-service restaurant. The results indicate that information disclosure significantly reduces the extent to which consumers underestimate the number of calories in restaurant food; the labels improve the accuracy of consumers’ post-meal estimates of the number of calories they ordered by 4.0 percent and reduces by 28.9% the probability of underestimating the calories in one’s meal by 50% or more, both of which are statistically significant. However, even after information disclosure, there remains considerable error in consumer beliefs about the calorie content of the restaurant food they ordered. Even among the treatment group who received calorie labels, the average absolute value of percent error in their report is 34.2%. Institutional subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents of developing countries may download this paper without additional charge at www.nber.org.
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Does Information Disclosure Improve Consumer Knowledge? Evidence from a Randomized Experiment of Restaurant Menu Calorie Labels
2020Co-Authors: John Cawley, Alex M. Susskind, Barton WillageAbstract:The United States, in 2018, implemented a nationwide requirement that chain restaurants disclose calorie information on their menus and menu boards. This law was motivated by concern that consumers underestimate the number of calories in restaurant food, but it remains unclear the extent to which this information disclosure affects consumer knowledge. This paper fills that gap by estimating the impact of information disclosure on consumer knowledge through a Randomized controlled field Experiment of calorie labels on the menus of a full-service restaurant. The results indicate that information disclosure significantly reduces the extent to which consumers underestimate the number of calories in restaurant food; the labels improve the accuracy of consumers’ post-meal estimates of the number of calories they ordered by 4.0 percent and reduces by 28.9% the probability of underestimating the calories in one’s meal by 50% or more, both of which are statistically significant. However, even after information disclosure, there remains considerable error in consumer beliefs about the calorie content of the restaurant food they ordered. Even among the treatment group who received calorie labels, the average absolute value of percent error in their report is 34.2%.
Renos Vakis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cash transfers behavioral changes and cognitive development in early childhood evidence from a Randomized Experiment
Post-Print, 2012Co-Authors: Karen Macours, Norbert Schady, Renos VakisAbstract:Cash transfer programs have become extremely popular in the developing world. There is a large literature on the effects of these programs on schooling, health and nutrition, but relatively little is known about possible impacts on child development. This paper analyzes the impact of a cash transfer program on cognitive development in early childhood in rural Nicaragua. Identification is based on random assignment. We show that children in households assigned to receive benefits had significantly higher levels of development nine months after the program began. There is no fadeout of program effects two years after the program had ended and transfers were discontinued. We show that the changes in child development we observe are unlikely to be a result of the cash component of the program alone.
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Cash Transfers, Behavioral Changes, and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2012Co-Authors: Karen Macours, Norbert Schady, Renos VakisAbstract:Cash transfer programs have become extremely popular in the developing world. A large literature analyzes their effects on schooling, health and nutrition, but relatively little is known about possible impacts on child development. This paper analyzes the impact of a cash transfer program on early childhood cognitive development. Children in households randomly assigned to receive benefits had significantly higher levels of development nine months after the program began. There is no fade-out of program effects two years after the program ended. Additional random variation shows that these impacts are unlikely to result from the cash component of the program alone.
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cash transfers behavioral changes and cognitive development in early childhood evidence from a Randomized Experiment
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2008Co-Authors: Karen Macours, Norbert Schady, Renos VakisAbstract:This brief summarizes the results of a gender impact evaluation study, entitled Cash transfers, behavioral changes, and cognitive development in early childhood : evidence from a Randomized Experiment, conducted between November 2005 and December 2006 in Nicaragua. The study observed the impact of cash transfer program on early childhood cognitive development on the child level. The program improved child development and the effects did not fade out 2 years after the program concluded. The program effects are comparable to increasing the schooling of the mothers by 1.5 years. Beneficiaries spent more on child inputs such as nutrient-rich foods, preventative health, and child stimulation. Beneficiaries had standardized outcomes that were 0.09 standard deviations above the control group. Cognitive and socio-emotional outcomes improved by 0.12 standard deviations after one year and 0.08 standard after 2. Mothers assigned a lump sum payment worked 33 days more in 2006, but this effect wore off by 2008. There is no evidence of program impacts on mental health of mothers or quality of the home environment. Funding for the study derived from the Strengthening Rural Women's Economic Empowerment through Information and Social Capital, and Spanish Impact Evaluation Fund.
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cash transfers behavioral changes and cognitive development in early childhood evidence from a Randomized Experiment
2008Co-Authors: Karen Macours, Norbert Schady, Renos VakisAbstract:A variety of theories of skill formation suggest that investments in schooling and other dimensions of human capital will have lower returns if children do not have adequate levels of cognitive and social skills at an early age. This paper analyzes the impact of a Randomized cash transferprogram on cognitive development in early childhood in rural Nicaragua. It shows that the program had significant effects on cognitive outcomes, especially language. Impacts are larger for older pre-school age children, who are also more likely to be delayed. The program increased intake of nutrient-rich foods, early stimulation, and use of preventive health care-all of which have been identified as risk factors for development in early childhood. Households increased expenditures on these inputs more than can be accounted for by the increases in cash income only, suggesting that the program changed parents' behavior. The findings suggest that gains in early childhood development outcomes should be taken into account when assessing the benefits of cash transfer programs in developing countries. More broadly, the paper illustrates that gains in early childhood development can result from interventions that facilitate investments made by parents to reduce risk factors for cognitive development.
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cash transfers behavioral changes and the cognitive development of young children evidence from a Randomized Experiment
2008Co-Authors: Karen Macours, Norbert Schady, Renos VakisAbstract:This paper analyzes the impact of a Randomized cash transfer program on cognitive development in early childhood in rural Nicaragua. The authors first show that a very large sample of children in their sample are delayed along various dimensions, including language, memory, and social skills, and that these delays are related to household per capita expenditure levels. The authors then show that the program had significant effects on cognitive outcomes, especially language. Program impacts are larger for older pre-school aged children, who were also more likely to be delayed. The authors analyze how the program affected several inputs into early childhood development that have been identified as key risk factors in the literature. Households randomly assigned to receive transfers increased the consumption of nutritious foods and provided more cognitive stimulation to children than those assigned to the control group. Moreover, the authors show that these impacts are not due to the cash component of the program only. The expenditure patterns of beneficiary households are significantly different from those of control households, indicating that households do not spend the cash received through the program in the same way as other income. The rest of the paper proceeds as follows. In section two, the authors describe the Atencion a Crisis pilot program, their identification strategy, and the data, in particular the measures of cognitive development. Section three describes the frequency of early childhood development delays in their sample. The authors present the main results in the paper, including a disaggregation of program effects by age and gender, in section four. In section five the authors discuss changes in intermediate inputs, and whether these can be explained entirely by the increase in overall expenditures due to the transfer. Section sixth concludes.
Keith A Joiner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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methodological appendix for a Randomized Experiment of the split benefit health insurance reform to reduce high cost low value consumption
Social Science Research Network, 2015Co-Authors: Christopher T Robertson, David V Yokum, Nimish Sheth, Keith A JoinerAbstract:This is the methodological appendix for the paper A Randomized Experiment of the Split Benefit Health Insurance Reform to Reduce High-Cost, Low-Value Consumption, by the same authors: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2545503
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a Randomized Experiment of the split benefit health insurance reform to reduce high cost low value consumption
Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Health, 2014Co-Authors: Christopher T Robertson, David V Yokum, Nimish Sheth, Keith A JoinerAbstract:Traditional cost sharing for health care is stymied by limited patient wealth. The “split benefit” is a new way to reduce consumption of high-cost, low-value treatments for which the risk/benefit ratio is uncertain. When a physician prescribes a costly unproven procedure, the insurer could pay a portion of the benefit directly to the patient, creating a decision opportunity for the patient. The insurer saves the remainder, unless the patient consumes. In this paper, a vignette-based Randomized controlled Experiment with 1,800 respondents sought to test the potential efficacy of the split benefit. The intervention reduced the odds of consumption by about half. It did so regardless of scenario (cancer or cardiac stent), type of split (rebate, prepay, or health savings account), or amount of split (US$5,000 or US$15,000). Respondents viewed the insurer that paid a split as behaving fairly, as it preserved access and choice. Three-quarters of respondents supported such use in Medicare, which did not depend on political party affiliation. The reform is promising for further testing since it has the potential to decrease spending on low-value interventions, and thereby increase the value of the health care dollar.
David V Yokum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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methodological appendix for a Randomized Experiment of the split benefit health insurance reform to reduce high cost low value consumption
Social Science Research Network, 2015Co-Authors: Christopher T Robertson, David V Yokum, Nimish Sheth, Keith A JoinerAbstract:This is the methodological appendix for the paper A Randomized Experiment of the Split Benefit Health Insurance Reform to Reduce High-Cost, Low-Value Consumption, by the same authors: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2545503
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a Randomized Experiment of the split benefit health insurance reform to reduce high cost low value consumption
Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Health, 2014Co-Authors: Christopher T Robertson, David V Yokum, Nimish Sheth, Keith A JoinerAbstract:Traditional cost sharing for health care is stymied by limited patient wealth. The “split benefit” is a new way to reduce consumption of high-cost, low-value treatments for which the risk/benefit ratio is uncertain. When a physician prescribes a costly unproven procedure, the insurer could pay a portion of the benefit directly to the patient, creating a decision opportunity for the patient. The insurer saves the remainder, unless the patient consumes. In this paper, a vignette-based Randomized controlled Experiment with 1,800 respondents sought to test the potential efficacy of the split benefit. The intervention reduced the odds of consumption by about half. It did so regardless of scenario (cancer or cardiac stent), type of split (rebate, prepay, or health savings account), or amount of split (US$5,000 or US$15,000). Respondents viewed the insurer that paid a split as behaving fairly, as it preserved access and choice. Three-quarters of respondents supported such use in Medicare, which did not depend on political party affiliation. The reform is promising for further testing since it has the potential to decrease spending on low-value interventions, and thereby increase the value of the health care dollar.
