The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ramiro Martinez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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INTEGRATING RACE, PLACE AND MOTIVE IN SOCIAL DISORGANIZATION THEORY: LESSONS FROM A COMPARISON OF BLACK AND LATINO HOMICIDE TYPES IN TWO IMMIGRANT DESTINATION CITIES*
Criminology, 2005Co-Authors: Amie L. Nielsen, Matthew T. Lee, Ramiro MartinezAbstract:In this paper, we examine and compare the impact of social disorganization, including Recent Immigration, and other predictors on community counts of black and Latino motive-specific homicides in Miami and San Diego. Homicides for 1985 to 1995 are disaggregated into escalation, intimate, robbery and drug-related motives. Negative binomial regression models with corrections for spatial autocorrelation demonstrate that there are similarities and differences in effects of social disorganization and other predictors by motive-specific outcomes, as well as for outcomes across ethnic groups within cities and within ethnic groups across cities. Recent Immigration is negatively or not associated with most outcomes. Overall, the study shows the importance of disaggregating homicide data by race/ethnicity and motive and demonstrates that predictions based on existing theories are qualified on local conditions.
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Social Disorganization Revisited: Mapping the Recent Immigration and Black Homicide Relationship in Northern Miami
Sociological Focus, 2002Co-Authors: Matthew T. Lee, Ramiro MartinezAbstract:Abstract This critical case study assesses the utility of spatial analysis based on maps rather than statistics for evaluating a fundamental premise of the social disorganization perspective: that Immigration and ethnic heterogeneity weaken social control and increase community levels of crime. We investigate the relationship between the most Recent wave of Immigration and community levels of black homicide in the northern part of the city of Miami, an area that has received a large number of Recent arrivals from Haiti and contains an established African American community. While quantitative methods have been used to explore this issue as part of an ongoing city-wide analysis, the current focus is on visual representations of the Immigration/homicide linkage in the subsection of the city where the theoretically important target populations of African Americans and Haitians reside. Key findings are consistent with previous quantitative analyses that have demonstrated that Immigration is not generally asso...
Rahim Moineddin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Birth outcomes by neighbourhood income and Recent Immigration in Toronto.
Health reports, 2007Co-Authors: Marcelo L. Urquia, Richard H Glazier, John Frank, Rahim MoineddinAbstract:OBJECTIVES This article examines differences in birth outcomes by neighbourhood income and Recent Immigration for singleton live births in Toronto, Ontario. DATA SOURCES The birth data were extracted from hospital discharge abstracts compiled by the Canadian Institute for Health Information. ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES A population-based cross-sectional study of 143,030 singleton live births to mothers residing in Toronto, Ontario from 1 April 1996 through 31 March 2001 was conducted. Neighbourhood income quintiles of births were constructed after ranking census tracts according to the proportion of their population below Statistics Canada's low-income cutoffs. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios for the effects of neighbourhood income quintile and Recent Immigration on preterm birth, low birthweight and full-term low birthweight, adjusted for infant sex and maternal age. MAIN RESULTS Low neighbourhood income was associated with a moderately higher risk of preterm birth, low birthweight, and full-term low birthweight. The neighbourhood income gradient was less pronounced among Recent immigrants compared with longer-term residents. Recent Immigration was associated with a lower risk of preterm birth, but a higher risk of low birthweight and full-term low birthweight.
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Neighbourhood Recent Immigration and hospitalization in Toronto, Canada.
Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique, 2004Co-Authors: Richard H Glazier, Maria I Creatore, Andrea A Cortinois, Mohammad M Agha, Rahim MoineddinAbstract:Recent immigrants to Canada tend to initially settle in low-income urban core areas. The relationships among Immigration, neighbourhood effects and health are poorly understood. This study explored the risk of hospitalization in high Recent-Immigration areas in Toronto compared to other Toronto neighbourhoods. The study used 1996 hospitalization and census data. Regression was used to examine the effects of Recent Immigration on neighbourhood hospitalization rates. Most hospitalization categories showed significantly higher rates of admission as the proportion of Recent immigrants increased. Income was also significantly associated with all categories of hospitalization except surgical admissions. Average household income was almost 60% lower (dollar 36,122) in the highest versus the lowest Immigration areas (dollar 82,641) suggesting that, at the neighbourhood level, the effects of Immigration and income may be difficult to disentangle. These findings have important implications for health care planning, delivery, and policy.
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Geographic methods for understanding and responding to disparities in mammography use in Toronto, Canada.
Journal of general internal medicine, 2004Co-Authors: Richard H Glazier, Maria I Creatore, Piotr Gozdyra, Flora I. Matheson, Leah S. Steele, Eleanor Boyle, Rahim MoineddinAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To use spatial and epidemiologic analyses to understand disparities in mammaography use and to formulate interventions to increase its uptake in low-income, high-Recent Immigration areas in Toronto, Canada.
Russell King - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The geography and economic sociology of Recent Immigration to Italy
Modern Italy, 1999Co-Authors: Russell King, Jacqueline AndallAbstract:Summary This article provides an overview of the geography and economic sociology of Recent Immigration to Italy. Its main purpose is to offer a contextual framework for the mainly place‐ and nationality‐specific studies which follow and make up the main contributions to this special issue of the journal. Throughout our account, stress is laid on the regional diversity of the immigrant experience within Italy, and on the diversity of migratory types and nationalities which have entered the country over the last twenty‐thirty years. In the final part of the article we make a brief analysis of the Italian political response to the country's relatively new status as a receiver of large‐scale Immigration.
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Recent Immigration to southern europe the socio economic and labour market contexts
Journal of Area Studies, 1996Co-Authors: Theodoras Iosifides, Russell KingAbstract:(1996). Recent Immigration to Southern Europe: The socio‐economic and labour market contexts. Journal of Area Studies: Vol. 4, Southern Europe in Transition, pp. 70-94.
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Recent Immigration to Southern Europe: The socio‐economic and labour market contexts
Journal of Area Studies, 1996Co-Authors: Theodoras Iosifides, Russell KingAbstract:(1996). Recent Immigration to Southern Europe: The socio‐economic and labour market contexts. Journal of Area Studies: Vol. 4, Southern Europe in Transition, pp. 70-94.
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Recent Immigration to Italy: character, causes and consequences.
GeoJournal, 1993Co-Authors: Russell KingAbstract:During the 1970s Italy changed from being a country of mass emigration to one of mass Immigration, taking over from Germany the role of Europe's main recipient of immigrants from less developed countries. By 1991 the officially registered foreign population in Italy stood at 860,000; however, clandestine migrants push the real figure above 1 million. Italy was generally unprepared for this Immigration and policy has been slow to evolve. Analysis of residence permit data show that the immigrants come increasingly from Third World, especially African, countries, and that there is a relative concentration in the north of Italy. One third of the immigrants are Moslem. Employment data are scarce but indicate that around two–thirds are involved in low-grade service sector activities (street-trading, domestic service, hotel work etc.). There is a high degree of occupational specialisation amongst certain national groups (Senegalese street-hawkers, Tunisian fishermen, Filipino domestics etc.). The immaturity of the Immigration is also revealed by marked gender and age assymetry. Five main causes are suggested as being behind the Immigration: ease of entry; Italy's increasing prosperity; segmentation of the Italian labour market, opening up specific niches for immigrant employment; dominance of push factors from the countries of origin; and the demographic collapse in Italy. Within Italy, the reaction to Immigration has not been very favourable. Opinion polls indicate that Italians have mainly negative and stereotyped views of immigrants and there is disturbing evidence of growing racism. Further inflows of immigrants are likely, whatever policies Italy attempts to put in place.
Richard H Glazier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Birth outcomes by neighbourhood income and Recent Immigration in Toronto.
Health reports, 2007Co-Authors: Marcelo L. Urquia, Richard H Glazier, John Frank, Rahim MoineddinAbstract:OBJECTIVES This article examines differences in birth outcomes by neighbourhood income and Recent Immigration for singleton live births in Toronto, Ontario. DATA SOURCES The birth data were extracted from hospital discharge abstracts compiled by the Canadian Institute for Health Information. ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES A population-based cross-sectional study of 143,030 singleton live births to mothers residing in Toronto, Ontario from 1 April 1996 through 31 March 2001 was conducted. Neighbourhood income quintiles of births were constructed after ranking census tracts according to the proportion of their population below Statistics Canada's low-income cutoffs. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios for the effects of neighbourhood income quintile and Recent Immigration on preterm birth, low birthweight and full-term low birthweight, adjusted for infant sex and maternal age. MAIN RESULTS Low neighbourhood income was associated with a moderately higher risk of preterm birth, low birthweight, and full-term low birthweight. The neighbourhood income gradient was less pronounced among Recent immigrants compared with longer-term residents. Recent Immigration was associated with a lower risk of preterm birth, but a higher risk of low birthweight and full-term low birthweight.
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Neighbourhood Recent Immigration and hospitalization in Toronto, Canada.
Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique, 2004Co-Authors: Richard H Glazier, Maria I Creatore, Andrea A Cortinois, Mohammad M Agha, Rahim MoineddinAbstract:Recent immigrants to Canada tend to initially settle in low-income urban core areas. The relationships among Immigration, neighbourhood effects and health are poorly understood. This study explored the risk of hospitalization in high Recent-Immigration areas in Toronto compared to other Toronto neighbourhoods. The study used 1996 hospitalization and census data. Regression was used to examine the effects of Recent Immigration on neighbourhood hospitalization rates. Most hospitalization categories showed significantly higher rates of admission as the proportion of Recent immigrants increased. Income was also significantly associated with all categories of hospitalization except surgical admissions. Average household income was almost 60% lower (dollar 36,122) in the highest versus the lowest Immigration areas (dollar 82,641) suggesting that, at the neighbourhood level, the effects of Immigration and income may be difficult to disentangle. These findings have important implications for health care planning, delivery, and policy.
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Geographic methods for understanding and responding to disparities in mammography use in Toronto, Canada.
Journal of general internal medicine, 2004Co-Authors: Richard H Glazier, Maria I Creatore, Piotr Gozdyra, Flora I. Matheson, Leah S. Steele, Eleanor Boyle, Rahim MoineddinAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To use spatial and epidemiologic analyses to understand disparities in mammaography use and to formulate interventions to increase its uptake in low-income, high-Recent Immigration areas in Toronto, Canada.
Deborah Reed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Effects of Recent Immigration on Racial/Ethnic Labor Market Differentials
American Economic Review, 2007Co-Authors: Deborah Reed, Sheldon DanzigerAbstract:We analyze the impact of Recent Immigration on the employment and wages of less educated workers during the 1990s, a period of heightened geographic diffusion of immigrants across the nation. We focus on men residing in metropolitan areas, who are between the ages of 25 and 62 and are from the three major racial/ ethnic groups: white non-Hispanic, black nonHispanic, and Latino (hereafter referred to as race groups). Theory predicts that Immigration will increase the wages of native workers who are complements to immigrants and decrease the wages of natives who are substitutes. Because immigrants have low education relative to natives, low-educated natives are likely to be substitutes, and high-educated natives are likely to be complements. We find negative effects of Recent Immigration on the employment, and especially the wages, of low-skilled workers. The wage effects are largest for Latinos, followed by blacks.
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the effects of Recent Immigration on racial ethnic labor market differentials
The American Economic Review, 2007Co-Authors: Deborah Reed, Sheldon DanzigerAbstract:We analyze the impact of Recent Immigration on the employment and wages of less educated workers during the 1990s, a period of heightened geographic diffusion of immigrants across the nation. We focus on men residing in metropolitan areas, who are between the ages of 25 and 62 and are from the three major racial/ ethnic groups: white non-Hispanic, black nonHispanic, and Latino (hereafter referred to as race groups). Theory predicts that Immigration will increase the wages of native workers who are complements to immigrants and decrease the wages of natives who are substitutes. Because immigrants have low education relative to natives, low-educated natives are likely to be substitutes, and high-educated natives are likely to be complements. We find negative effects of Recent Immigration on the employment, and especially the wages, of low-skilled workers. The wage effects are largest for Latinos, followed by blacks.
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Immigration and males’ earnings inequality in the regions of the United States
Demography, 2001Co-Authors: Deborah ReedAbstract:In this paper I investigate the impact of Recent Immigration on males’ earnings distributions in the major regions of the United States. I use six counterfactual scenarios to describe alternative regional skill distributions and wage structures for the population of natives and long-term immigrants in the absence of Recent Immigration. I find that Immigration over the last three decades can account for a substantial portion of the variation in inequality across the regions. Recent Immigration has contributed moderately to national growth in males’ earnings inequality, primarily by changing the composition of the population.
