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Maria Rosaria Pecce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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historical buildings multidisciplinary approach to structural energy diagnosis and performance assessment
Applied Energy, 2017Co-Authors: Fabrizio Ascione, Francesca Ceroni, Filippo Rossi, Rosa Francesca De Masi, Maria Rosaria PecceAbstract:The evaluation of performance of historical masonry buildings requires a multidisciplinary approach. Indeed, the use and functionality of a building is a multidisciplinary item related to various issues as structural and thermal aspects, acoustic requirements and efficiency of active energy systems. Since these buildings are often used for strategic, educational and Recreational Facilities (offices, hospital, barrack, school, university, library, museum) or as residences, they frequently need both structural interventions for warrant safety under static and dynamic actions and energy refurbishment for warrant a comfortable and optimal use of the building depending on its specific use. Since the energy refurbishment can be easily associated to structural consolidation or functional reorganization works, this paper is aimed to introduce a methodological approach with reference to both structural behavior and energy performance for the space heating and cooling.
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historical buildings multidisciplinary approach to structural energy diagnosis and performance assessment
Applied Energy, 2017Co-Authors: Fabrizio Ascione, Francesca Ceroni, Filippo Rossi, Rosa Francesca De Masi, Maria Rosaria PecceAbstract:Abstract The evaluation of performance of historical masonry buildings requires a multidisciplinary approach. Indeed, the use and functionality of a building is a multidisciplinary item related to various issues as structural and thermal aspects, acoustic requirements and efficiency of active energy systems. Since these buildings are often used for strategic, educational and Recreational Facilities (offices, hospital, barrack, school, university, library, museum) or as residences, they frequently need both structural interventions for warrant safety under static and dynamic actions and energy refurbishment for warrant a comfortable and optimal use of the building depending on its specific use. Since the energy refurbishment can be easily associated to structural consolidation or functional reorganization works, this paper is aimed to introduce a methodological approach with reference to both structural behavior and energy performance for the space heating and cooling. The main steps are the survey, the diagnosis, the creation of a numerical Finite Element model necessary for the verification of the structural safety, the validation of a dynamic model for energy performance assessment and the choice of criteria and techniques of interventions. The proposed approach combines both structural and energy analyses, based on a detailed identification of the building, carried out by means of in situ tests and surveys. As case study, the proposed approach has been applied to Palazzo Bosco Lucarelli, a historical masonry building located in the ancient center of Benevento (South Italy).
Robert J. Donovan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental and lifestyle factors associated with overweight and obesity in perth australia
American Journal of Health Promotion, 2003Co-Authors: Billie Gilescorti, Sally Macintyre, J Clarkson, Terro Pikora, Robert J. DonovanAbstract:Abstract Purpose. To examine associations between environmental and lifestyle factors and overweight or obesity. Design. A cross-sectional survey and an environmental scan of Recreational Facilities. Setting. Metropolitan Perth, Western Australia. Subjects. Healthy sedentary workers and homemakers aged 18 to 59 years (n = 1803) living in areas within the top and bottom quintiles of social disadvantage. Measures. Four lifestyle factors, one social environmental factor, and five physical environment factors (three objectively measured). Results. After adjustment for demographic factors and other variables in the model, overweight was associated with living on a highway (odds ratio [OR], 4.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.62–11.09) or streets with no sidewalks or sidewalks on one side only (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.03–1.78) and perceiving no paths within walking distance (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.08–1.86). Poor access to four or more Recreational Facilities (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.11–2.55) and sidewalks (OR, 1.62; 95%...
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socioeconomic status differences in Recreational physical activity levels and real and perceived access to a supportive physical environment
Preventive Medicine, 2002Co-Authors: Billie Gilescorti, Robert J. DonovanAbstract:Abstract Background. Spatial access to Recreational Facilities and perceptions of the neighborhood environment and physical activity levels were examined by the socioeconomic status of area of residence (SES). Methods. A cross-sectional survey of adults (18–59 years) ( n = 1,803) stratified by SES using a geographic-based index was conducted. Results. Respondents in low SES areas had superior spatial access to many Recreational Facilities, but were less likely to use them compared with those living in high SES areas. They were more likely to perceive that they had access to sidewalks and shops, but also perceived that their neighborhood was busier with traffic, less attractive, and less supportive of walking. After adjustment, respondents living in low SES areas were 36% less likely to undertake vigorous activity. While they were more likely to walk for transport, this was not statistically significant (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.98–1.64), nor were other SES differences in walking for recreation and walking as recommended. Modifiable environmental factors were associated with walking and vigorous activity, especially perceived access to sidewalks and neighborhood attractiveness. Spatial access to attractive, public open space was associated with walking. Conclusions. Creating supportive environments—particularly sidewalks in attractive neighborhoods—has the potential to increase walking and vigorous activity.
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the relative influence of individual social and physical environment determinants of physical activity
Social Science & Medicine, 2002Co-Authors: Billie Gilescorti, Robert J. DonovanAbstract:Environmental determinants of health are receiving growing attention in the literature, although there is little empirical research in this area. The Study on Environmental and Individual Determinants of Physical Activity (known as the SEID project) was a social ecological project that examined the relative influence of individual, social environmental and physical environmental determinants of Recreational physical activity. It involved a community survey of 1803 healthy workers and home-makers aged 18-59 years living in a 408Â km2 area of metropolitan Perth, Western Australia. Physical environmental determinants were mainly conceptualised as spatial access to popular Recreational Facilities. Overall, 59% of respondents exercised as recommended. Recreational Facilities located near home were used by more respondents than Facilities located elsewhere. The most frequently used Facilities were informal: the streets (45.6%); public open space (28.8%) and the beach (22.7%). The physical environment's directs the influence on exercising as recommended was found to be secondary to individual and social environmental determinants. Nevertheless, accessible Facilities determined whether or not they were used and in this way, support and enhance the achievement of recommended levels of physical activity behaviour by providing opportunities. The results suggest that access to a supportive physical environment is necessary, but may be insufficient to increase recommended levels of physical activity in the community. Complementary strategies are required that aim to influence individual and social environmental factors. Given the popularity of walking in the community, it is recommended that greater emphasis be placed on creating streetscapes that enhance walking for recreation and transport.
Fabrizio Ascione - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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historical buildings multidisciplinary approach to structural energy diagnosis and performance assessment
Applied Energy, 2017Co-Authors: Fabrizio Ascione, Francesca Ceroni, Filippo Rossi, Rosa Francesca De Masi, Maria Rosaria PecceAbstract:The evaluation of performance of historical masonry buildings requires a multidisciplinary approach. Indeed, the use and functionality of a building is a multidisciplinary item related to various issues as structural and thermal aspects, acoustic requirements and efficiency of active energy systems. Since these buildings are often used for strategic, educational and Recreational Facilities (offices, hospital, barrack, school, university, library, museum) or as residences, they frequently need both structural interventions for warrant safety under static and dynamic actions and energy refurbishment for warrant a comfortable and optimal use of the building depending on its specific use. Since the energy refurbishment can be easily associated to structural consolidation or functional reorganization works, this paper is aimed to introduce a methodological approach with reference to both structural behavior and energy performance for the space heating and cooling.
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historical buildings multidisciplinary approach to structural energy diagnosis and performance assessment
Applied Energy, 2017Co-Authors: Fabrizio Ascione, Francesca Ceroni, Filippo Rossi, Rosa Francesca De Masi, Maria Rosaria PecceAbstract:Abstract The evaluation of performance of historical masonry buildings requires a multidisciplinary approach. Indeed, the use and functionality of a building is a multidisciplinary item related to various issues as structural and thermal aspects, acoustic requirements and efficiency of active energy systems. Since these buildings are often used for strategic, educational and Recreational Facilities (offices, hospital, barrack, school, university, library, museum) or as residences, they frequently need both structural interventions for warrant safety under static and dynamic actions and energy refurbishment for warrant a comfortable and optimal use of the building depending on its specific use. Since the energy refurbishment can be easily associated to structural consolidation or functional reorganization works, this paper is aimed to introduce a methodological approach with reference to both structural behavior and energy performance for the space heating and cooling. The main steps are the survey, the diagnosis, the creation of a numerical Finite Element model necessary for the verification of the structural safety, the validation of a dynamic model for energy performance assessment and the choice of criteria and techniques of interventions. The proposed approach combines both structural and energy analyses, based on a detailed identification of the building, carried out by means of in situ tests and surveys. As case study, the proposed approach has been applied to Palazzo Bosco Lucarelli, a historical masonry building located in the ancient center of Benevento (South Italy).
Kelly R Evenson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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promoting physical activity through the shared use of school Recreational spaces a policy statement from the american heart association
American Journal of Public Health, 2014Co-Authors: Deborah Rohm Young, John O Spengler, J Natasha D Frost, Kelly R Evenson, Jeffrey M Vincent, Laurie P WhitselAbstract:Most Americans are not sufficiently physically active, even though regular physical activity improves health and reduces the risk of many chronic diseases. Those living in rural, non-White, and lower-income communities often have insufficient access to places to be active, which can contribute to their lower level of physical activity. The shared use of school Recreational Facilities can provide safe and affordable places for communities. Studies suggest that challenges to shared use include additional cost, liability protection, communication among constituencies interested in sharing space, and decision-making about scheduling and space allocation. This American Heart Association policy statement has provided recommendations for federal, state, and local decision-makers to support and expand opportunities for physical activity in communities through the shared use of school spaces.
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availability of Recreational resources in minority and low socioeconomic status areas
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2008Co-Authors: Latetia V Moore, Kelly R Evenson, Ana Diez V Roux, Aileen P Mcginn, Shannon J BrinesAbstract:Background Differences in availability of Recreational resources may contribute to racial and socioeconomic status (SES) disparities in physical activity. Variations in the location and density of Recreational resources were examined by SES and racial composition of neighborhoods. Methods Densities of resources available in Recreational Facilities and parks were estimated for census tracts between April 2003 and June 2004 in North Carolina, New York, and Maryland using kernel estimation. The probability of not having a facility or park was modeled by tract racial composition and SES, adjusting for population and area, using binomial regression in 2006. Mean densities of tract resources were modeled by SES and racial composition using linear regression. Results Minority neighborhoods were significantly more likely than white neighborhoods not to have Recreational Facilities (relative probability [RP]=3.27 [95% CI=2.11–5.07] and 8.60 [95% CI=4.48–16.51], for black and Hispanic neighborhoods, respectively). Low-income neighborhoods were 4.5 times more likely to not have Facilities than high-income areas (95% CI=2.87–7.12). Parks were more equitably distributed. Most resources located in Recreational Facilities required a fee and were less dense in minority and low-income areas. Those located inside parks were usually free to use, sports-related, and denser in poor and minority neighborhoods. Conclusions Recreational Facilities and the resources they offer are not equitably distributed. The presence of parks in poor and minority areas suggest that improving the types and quality of resources in parks could be an important strategy to increase physical activity and reduce racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities.
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girls perception of physical environmental factors and transportation reliability and association with physical activity and active transport to school
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 2006Co-Authors: Kelly R Evenson, James F Sallis, Amanda S Birnbaum, Ariane L Bedimorung, Carolyn C Voorhees, Kimberly B Ring, John P ElderAbstract:Preliminary evidence suggests that the physical environment and transportation are associated with youth physical activity levels. Only a few studies have examined the association of physical environmental factors on walking and bicycling to school. Therefore, the purpose of this study was (1) to examine the test-retest reliability of a survey designed for youth to assess perceptions of physical environmental factors (e.g. safety, aesthetics, Facilities near the home) and transportation, and (2) to describe the associations of these perceptions with both physical activity and active transport to school. Test and retest surveys, administered a median of 12 days later, were conducted with 480 sixth- and eighth-grade girls in or near six U.S. communities. The instrument consisted of 24 questions on safety and aesthetics of the perceived environment and transportation and related Facilities. Additionally, girls were asked if they were aware of 14 different Recreational Facilities offering structured and unstructured activities, and if so, whether they would visit these Facilities and the ease with which they could access them. Test-retest reliability was determined using kappa coefficients, overall and separately by grade. Associations with physical activity and active transport to school were examined using mixed model logistic regression (n = 610), adjusting for grade, race/ethnicity, and site. Item-specific reliabilities for questions assessing perceived safety and aesthetics of the neighborhood ranged from 0.31 to 0.52. Reliabilities of items assessing awareness of and interest in going to the 14 Recreational Facilities ranged from 0.47 to 0.64. Reliabilities of items assessing transportation ranged from 0.34 to 0.58. Some items on girls' perceptions of perceived safety, aesthetics of the environment, Facilities, and transportation were important correlates of physical activity and, in some cases, active transport to school. This study provides some psychometric support for the use of the questionnaire on physical environmental factors and transportation for studying physical activity and active transport to school among adolescent girls. Further work can continue to improve reliability of these self-report items and examine their association of these factors with objectively measured physical activity.
Kevin Patrick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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validation of the neighborhood environment walkability scale news items using geographic information systems
Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2009Co-Authors: Marc A Adams, Lawrence D Frank, Sherry Ryan, Jacqueline Kerr, James F Sallis, Kevin Patrick, Gregory J NormanAbstract:Background:Concurrent validity of Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS) items was evaluated with objective measures of the built environment using geographic information systems (GIS). Methods:A sample of 878 parents of children 10 to 16 years old (mean age 43.5 years, SD = 6.8, 34.8% non-White, 63.8% overweight) completed NEWS and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. GIS was used to develop 1-mile street network buffers around participants’ residences. GIS measures of the built environment within participants’ buffers included percent of commercial and institutional land uses; number of schools and colleges, Recreational Facilities, parks, transit stops, and trees; land topography; and traffic congestion. Results:Except for trees and traffic, concordance between the NEWS and GIS measures were significant, with weak to moderate effect sizes (r = −0.09 to −0.36, all P ≤ 01). After participants were stratified by physical activity level, stronger concordance was observed among acti...
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community design and access to Recreational Facilities as correlates of adolescent physical activity and body mass index
Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2006Co-Authors: Gregory J Norman, Sherry Ryan, James F Sallis, Sandra K Nutter, Karen J Calfas, Kevin PatrickAbstract:BACKGROUND: Neighborhood-level environmental features have been associated with adult physical activity and weight status, but this link has not been estab- lished for adolescents. METHODS: Community design and access to Recreational Facilities variables were derived using geographic information systems (GIS) for 799 adolescents (age 11 to 15 y, mean = 12.8 y, 53% girls, 43% ethnic minority). Environment variables were calculated for a 1-mile buffer around each participant's residence. Accelerometers measured min/d of physical activity. RESULTS: Number of nearby recreation Facilities and number of nearby parks correlated positively with girls' physical activity, and intersection density inversely related to girls' physical activity. Retail floor area ratio correlated positively with boys' physical activity. No community design or access to recreation variables were related to BMI-percentile. CONCLUSIONS: There was limited evidence that both community design and access to recreation Facilities variables were associated with adolescent physical activity, but additional built environment variables need to be studied that have particular relevance for youth. Key Words: children, exercise, obesity, built environment, policy, safe routes to school programs