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Anthony Dickenson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • differential effects of a distant noxious stimulus on hindlimb nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes in the rat
    European Journal of Neuroscience, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jarkko Kalliomaki, Jens Schouenborg, Anthony Dickenson
    Abstract:

    Recent studies indicate that the nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to individual muscles are evoked by separate reflex pathways. The present study examines whether nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to different muscles are subject to differential supraspinal control in rats. A distant noxious stimulus was used to activate a bulbospinal system which selectively inhibits ‘multireceptive’ neurons (i.e. neurons receiving excitatory tactile and nociceptive inputs) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Withdrawal Reflexes, recorded with electromyographic techniques in single hindlimb muscles, were evoked by standardized noxious pinch. Thirty‐seven rats, anaesthetized with halothane and nitrous oxide, were used. Whereas withdrawal Reflexes to the extensor digitorum longus and brevis, tibialis anterior and biceps posterior muscles were strongly inhibited, Reflexes to interossei muscles were potentiated during noxious pinch of the nose. Reflexes to peronei muscles were not significantly changed. The effects on the Reflexes usually had an onset latency of <0.5 s and outlasted the conditioning stimulation by up to 2 s. The monosynaptic la reflex to the deep peroneal nerve, innervating dorsiflexors of the digits and ankle, was not significantly changed during noxious pinch of the nose. Hence, the inhibitory effects on the hindlimb withdrawal Reflexes induced by the conditioning stimulation were presumably exerted on reflex interneurons. It is concluded that nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to different hindlimb muscles are differentially controlled by descending pathways activated by a distant noxious stimulus. The results support our previous conclusion that there are separate nociceptive withdrawal reflex pathways to different hindlimb muscles. (Less)

  • Differential Effects of a Distant Noxious Stimulus on Hindlimb Nociceptive Withdrawal Reflexes in the Rat.
    The European journal of neuroscience, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jarkko Kalliomaki, Jens Schouenborg, Anthony Dickenson
    Abstract:

    Recent studies indicate that the nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to individual muscles are evoked by separate reflex pathways. The present study examines whether nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to different muscles are subject to differential supraspinal control in rats. A distant noxious stimulus was used to activate a bulbospinal system which selectively inhibits ‘multireceptive’ neurons (i.e. neurons receiving excitatory tactile and nociceptive inputs) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Withdrawal Reflexes, recorded with electromyographic techniques in single hindlimb muscles, were evoked by standardized noxious pinch. Thirty‐seven rats, anaesthetized with halothane and nitrous oxide, were used. Whereas withdrawal Reflexes to the extensor digitorum longus and brevis, tibialis anterior and biceps posterior muscles were strongly inhibited, Reflexes to interossei muscles were potentiated during noxious pinch of the nose. Reflexes to peronei muscles were not significantly changed. The effects on the Reflexes usually had an onset latency of

Jane E Butler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • interlimb Reflexes induced by electrical stimulation of cutaneous nerves after spinal cord injury
    PLOS ONE, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jane E Butler, Sharlene Godfrey, Christine K Thomas
    Abstract:

    Whether interlimb Reflexes emerge only after a severe insult to the human spinal cord is controversial. Here the aim was to examine interlimb Reflexes at rest in participants with chronic (>1 year) spinal cord injury (SCI, n = 17) and able-bodied control participants (n = 5). Cutaneous Reflexes were evoked by delivering up to 30 trains of stimuli to either the superficial peroneal nerve on the dorsum of the foot or the radial nerve at the wrist (5 pulses, 300 Hz, approximately every 30 s). Participants were instructed to relax the test muscles prior to the delivery of the stimuli. Electromyographic activity was recorded bilaterally in proximal and distal arm and leg muscles. Superficial peroneal nerve stimulation evoked interlimb Reflexes in ipsilateral and contralateral arm and contralateral leg muscles of SCI and control participants. Radial nerve stimulation evoked interlimb Reflexes in the ipsilateral leg and contralateral arm muscles of control and SCI participants but only contralateral leg muscles of control participants. Interlimb Reflexes evoked by superficial peroneal nerve stimulation were longer in latency and duration, and larger in magnitude in SCI participants. Interlimb reflex properties were similar for both SCI and control groups for radial nerve stimulation. Ascending interlimb Reflexes tended to occur with a higher incidence in participants with SCI, while descending interlimb Reflexes occurred with a higher incidence in able-bodied participants. However, the overall incidence of interlimb Reflexes in SCI and neurologically intact participants was similar which suggests that the neural circuitry underlying these Reflexes does not necessarily develop after central nervous system injury.

Jarkko Kalliomaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • differential effects of a distant noxious stimulus on hindlimb nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes in the rat
    European Journal of Neuroscience, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jarkko Kalliomaki, Jens Schouenborg, Anthony Dickenson
    Abstract:

    Recent studies indicate that the nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to individual muscles are evoked by separate reflex pathways. The present study examines whether nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to different muscles are subject to differential supraspinal control in rats. A distant noxious stimulus was used to activate a bulbospinal system which selectively inhibits ‘multireceptive’ neurons (i.e. neurons receiving excitatory tactile and nociceptive inputs) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Withdrawal Reflexes, recorded with electromyographic techniques in single hindlimb muscles, were evoked by standardized noxious pinch. Thirty‐seven rats, anaesthetized with halothane and nitrous oxide, were used. Whereas withdrawal Reflexes to the extensor digitorum longus and brevis, tibialis anterior and biceps posterior muscles were strongly inhibited, Reflexes to interossei muscles were potentiated during noxious pinch of the nose. Reflexes to peronei muscles were not significantly changed. The effects on the Reflexes usually had an onset latency of <0.5 s and outlasted the conditioning stimulation by up to 2 s. The monosynaptic la reflex to the deep peroneal nerve, innervating dorsiflexors of the digits and ankle, was not significantly changed during noxious pinch of the nose. Hence, the inhibitory effects on the hindlimb withdrawal Reflexes induced by the conditioning stimulation were presumably exerted on reflex interneurons. It is concluded that nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to different hindlimb muscles are differentially controlled by descending pathways activated by a distant noxious stimulus. The results support our previous conclusion that there are separate nociceptive withdrawal reflex pathways to different hindlimb muscles. (Less)

  • Differential Effects of a Distant Noxious Stimulus on Hindlimb Nociceptive Withdrawal Reflexes in the Rat.
    The European journal of neuroscience, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jarkko Kalliomaki, Jens Schouenborg, Anthony Dickenson
    Abstract:

    Recent studies indicate that the nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to individual muscles are evoked by separate reflex pathways. The present study examines whether nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to different muscles are subject to differential supraspinal control in rats. A distant noxious stimulus was used to activate a bulbospinal system which selectively inhibits ‘multireceptive’ neurons (i.e. neurons receiving excitatory tactile and nociceptive inputs) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Withdrawal Reflexes, recorded with electromyographic techniques in single hindlimb muscles, were evoked by standardized noxious pinch. Thirty‐seven rats, anaesthetized with halothane and nitrous oxide, were used. Whereas withdrawal Reflexes to the extensor digitorum longus and brevis, tibialis anterior and biceps posterior muscles were strongly inhibited, Reflexes to interossei muscles were potentiated during noxious pinch of the nose. Reflexes to peronei muscles were not significantly changed. The effects on the Reflexes usually had an onset latency of

Kenneth J Gustafson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jens Schouenborg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • differential effects of a distant noxious stimulus on hindlimb nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes in the rat
    European Journal of Neuroscience, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jarkko Kalliomaki, Jens Schouenborg, Anthony Dickenson
    Abstract:

    Recent studies indicate that the nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to individual muscles are evoked by separate reflex pathways. The present study examines whether nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to different muscles are subject to differential supraspinal control in rats. A distant noxious stimulus was used to activate a bulbospinal system which selectively inhibits ‘multireceptive’ neurons (i.e. neurons receiving excitatory tactile and nociceptive inputs) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Withdrawal Reflexes, recorded with electromyographic techniques in single hindlimb muscles, were evoked by standardized noxious pinch. Thirty‐seven rats, anaesthetized with halothane and nitrous oxide, were used. Whereas withdrawal Reflexes to the extensor digitorum longus and brevis, tibialis anterior and biceps posterior muscles were strongly inhibited, Reflexes to interossei muscles were potentiated during noxious pinch of the nose. Reflexes to peronei muscles were not significantly changed. The effects on the Reflexes usually had an onset latency of <0.5 s and outlasted the conditioning stimulation by up to 2 s. The monosynaptic la reflex to the deep peroneal nerve, innervating dorsiflexors of the digits and ankle, was not significantly changed during noxious pinch of the nose. Hence, the inhibitory effects on the hindlimb withdrawal Reflexes induced by the conditioning stimulation were presumably exerted on reflex interneurons. It is concluded that nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to different hindlimb muscles are differentially controlled by descending pathways activated by a distant noxious stimulus. The results support our previous conclusion that there are separate nociceptive withdrawal reflex pathways to different hindlimb muscles. (Less)

  • Differential Effects of a Distant Noxious Stimulus on Hindlimb Nociceptive Withdrawal Reflexes in the Rat.
    The European journal of neuroscience, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jarkko Kalliomaki, Jens Schouenborg, Anthony Dickenson
    Abstract:

    Recent studies indicate that the nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to individual muscles are evoked by separate reflex pathways. The present study examines whether nociceptive withdrawal Reflexes to different muscles are subject to differential supraspinal control in rats. A distant noxious stimulus was used to activate a bulbospinal system which selectively inhibits ‘multireceptive’ neurons (i.e. neurons receiving excitatory tactile and nociceptive inputs) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Withdrawal Reflexes, recorded with electromyographic techniques in single hindlimb muscles, were evoked by standardized noxious pinch. Thirty‐seven rats, anaesthetized with halothane and nitrous oxide, were used. Whereas withdrawal Reflexes to the extensor digitorum longus and brevis, tibialis anterior and biceps posterior muscles were strongly inhibited, Reflexes to interossei muscles were potentiated during noxious pinch of the nose. Reflexes to peronei muscles were not significantly changed. The effects on the Reflexes usually had an onset latency of