The Experts below are selected from a list of 321 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bernardo Mueller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Model of Rural Conflict: Violence and Land Reform Policy in Brazil
1999Co-Authors: Lee J. Alston, Bernardo Mueller, Gary D. LibecapAbstract:In this paper we analyze the underlying determinants of rural land conflicts in Brazil involving squatters, landowners, the federal government, the courts and INCRA, the land Reform agency. We present a model where squatters and landowners strategically choose to engage in violence to advance their aims. Landowners use violence as a means of increasing the likelihood of successful eviction of squatters, and squatters use violence to increase the probability that the farm will be expropriated in their favor as part of the government?s land Reform program. We test the model?s predictions using state-level data for Brazil for 22 states from 1988 through 1995 that we have assembled. The tests reveal that the government?s land Reform Policy, which is based on expropriation and settlement projects, paradoxically may be encouraging both of the major antagonists to engage in more violence, rather than reducing conflicts. If true, the existing land Reform Policy should be reconsidered because it is in conflict with the government?s efforts to reduce violent land disputes.
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A model of rural conflict: violence and land Reform Policy in Brazil
Environment and Development Economics, 1999Co-Authors: Lee J. Alston, Gary D. Libecap, Bernardo MuellerAbstract:This paper analyzes the underlying determinants of rural land conflicts in Brazil involving squatters, landowners, the federal government, the courts and INCRA, the land Reform agency. A model is presented whereby squatters and landowners strategically choose to engage in violence. Landowners use violence as a means of increasing the likelihood of successful eviction of squatters, and squatters use violence to increase the probability that the farm will be expropriated in their favor as part of the government's land Reform program. The model's predictions are tested using state level data for Brazil for 22 states from 1988 through 1995. It is shown that the government's land Reform Policy, which is based on expropriation and settlement projects, paradoxically may be encouraging both sides to engage in more violence, rather than reducing conflicts.
Diana M. Zuckerman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Evolution of Welfare Reform: Policy Changes and Current Knowledge
Journal of Social Issues, 2000Co-Authors: Diana M. ZuckermanAbstract:Welfare Reform has had dramatic repercussions for millions of adults andchildren in the country. So far, the results of the “naturalexperiment” of welfare Reform have shown both benefits and problems. Although welfare Reform became law in 1996, there have been legislativerevisions and other Policy changes aimed at making the law moreeffective and less punitive. The latest research indicates that welfare Reform has had a major impact on the number of people who are receiving welfarebenefits but not on the income of former welfare recipients. Research also suggests that there are families who are suffering as a result of welfare Reform. In this article, I discuss how welfare Reform has evolved and theimplications for Policy changes in the future.
Ward Anseeuw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Explaining South Africa’s land Reform Policy failure through its instruments: the emergence of inclusive agricultural business models
Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 2019Co-Authors: Magalie Bourblanc, Ward AnseeuwAbstract:This paper seeks to explain the emergence of South African inclusive agricultural business models in relation to the land Reform Policy. We demonstrate that in South Africa such Policy inst...
Lee J. Alston - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Model of Rural Conflict: Violence and Land Reform Policy in Brazil
1999Co-Authors: Lee J. Alston, Bernardo Mueller, Gary D. LibecapAbstract:In this paper we analyze the underlying determinants of rural land conflicts in Brazil involving squatters, landowners, the federal government, the courts and INCRA, the land Reform agency. We present a model where squatters and landowners strategically choose to engage in violence to advance their aims. Landowners use violence as a means of increasing the likelihood of successful eviction of squatters, and squatters use violence to increase the probability that the farm will be expropriated in their favor as part of the government?s land Reform program. We test the model?s predictions using state-level data for Brazil for 22 states from 1988 through 1995 that we have assembled. The tests reveal that the government?s land Reform Policy, which is based on expropriation and settlement projects, paradoxically may be encouraging both of the major antagonists to engage in more violence, rather than reducing conflicts. If true, the existing land Reform Policy should be reconsidered because it is in conflict with the government?s efforts to reduce violent land disputes.
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A model of rural conflict: violence and land Reform Policy in Brazil
Environment and Development Economics, 1999Co-Authors: Lee J. Alston, Gary D. Libecap, Bernardo MuellerAbstract:This paper analyzes the underlying determinants of rural land conflicts in Brazil involving squatters, landowners, the federal government, the courts and INCRA, the land Reform agency. A model is presented whereby squatters and landowners strategically choose to engage in violence. Landowners use violence as a means of increasing the likelihood of successful eviction of squatters, and squatters use violence to increase the probability that the farm will be expropriated in their favor as part of the government's land Reform program. The model's predictions are tested using state level data for Brazil for 22 states from 1988 through 1995. It is shown that the government's land Reform Policy, which is based on expropriation and settlement projects, paradoxically may be encouraging both sides to engage in more violence, rather than reducing conflicts.
Eric Sabourin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Agrarian Reform Policy in Brazil: Trajectory of a Decadence
2017Co-Authors: Eric SabourinAbstract:In Brazil, during the four last administrations of Worker’s Party (PT) 2003-2015, the support to the agrarian Reform seems to have stagnated, even with the influence of landless workers' movements. Thus in 2016, the impeachment President Dilma Roussef have marked a brutal stop in the agrarian Reform process. How to explain that which seems at first to be a contradiction and has become a decadence of an important federal public Policy?. Furthermore, how can we evaluate the debates within Brazilian society and the federal government on this theme? The article analyzes the tensions, debates, advances and impasses of the past fifteen years of agrarian Reform Policy in Brazil looking at the interaction between social movements and public policies. The method associates bibliography, official statistic synthesis and research results in Northeast, Amazônia and Cerrado regions among several projects. The first part results put on evidence the crescent reduction of agrarian Reform settlements and beneficiary families since 2006. The second part presents the main reasons offering an analysis of government and society debates in Brazil about land Reform. The analysis conclude to the less of power and representation in the society of the pro agrarian Reform large and popular coalition.
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Agrarian Reform in Brazil: a series of missed appointments between social movements and state policies
Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura, 2008Co-Authors: Eric SabourinAbstract:President Luís Ignacio Lula da Silva was elected with the proposal for an important program of agrarian Reform, family agriculture support and struggle against poverty. Paradoxically, the support to the agrarian Reform seems to have stagnated even with the great influence of landless workers' movements. How to explain that this seems at first to be a contradiction and, furthermore, how do we evaluate debates within Brazilian society and the federal government on this theme? The article analyzes the tensions, debates, advances and impasses of the past ten years of agrarian Reform Policy in Brazil looking at the interaction between social movements and public policies.
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Agrarian Reform in Brazil
Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura, 2008Co-Authors: Eric SabourinAbstract:President Luís Ignacio Lula da Silva was elected with the proposal for an important program of agrarian Reform, family agriculture support and struggle against poverty. Paradoxically, the support to the agrarian Reform seems to have stagnated even with the great influence of landless workers' movements. How to explain that this seems at first to be a contradiction and, furthermore, how do we evaluate debates within Brazilian society and the federal government on this theme? The article analyzes the tensions, debates, advances and impasses of the past ten years of agrarian Reform Policy in Brazil looking at the interaction between social movements and public policies.
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Reforma agraria no Brasil : considerações sobre os debates atuais
Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura, 2008Co-Authors: Eric SabourinAbstract:(Agrarian Reform in Brazil: notes on current debates). President Luís Ignacio Lula da Silva was elected with the proposal for an important program of agrarian Reform, family agriculture support and struggle against poverty. Paradoxically, the support to the agrarian Reform seems to have stagnated even with the great influence of landless workers' movements. How to explain that this seems at first to be a contradiction and, furthermore, how do we evaluate debates within Brazilian society and the federal government on this theme? The article analyzes the tensions, debates, advances and impasses of the past ten years of agrarian Reform Policy in Brazil looking at the interaction between social movements and public policies. (Résumé d'auteur)
