The Experts below are selected from a list of 14244 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rick C. Helmich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychological Distress, Physical Activity, and Symptom Severity in Parkinson's Disease.
Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2020Co-Authors: Anouk Van Der Heide, Marjan J. Meinders, Bastiaan R. Bloem, Rick C. HelmichAbstract:BACKGROUND: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has many consequences for people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Social distancing measures complicate regular care and result in lifestyle changes, which may indirectly cause psychological stress and worsening of PD symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased psychological distress and decreased physical activity in PD, how these changes Related to PD motor and non-motor symptom severity, and what frequency and burden of COVID-Related Stressors were. METHODS: We sent an online survey to the Personalized Parkinson Project (PPP) cohort (nâ=â498 PD patients) in the Netherlands. In the survey, we distinguished between COVID-Related Stressor load, psychological distress, PD symptom severity, and physical activity. We Related inter-individual differences to personality factors and clinical factors collected before the pandemic occurred. RESULTS: 358 PD patients completed the survey between April 21 and May 25, 2020 (response rate 71.9%). Patients with higher COVID-Related Stressor load experienced more PD symptoms, and this effect was mediated by the degree of psychological distress. 46.6% of PD patients were less physically active since the COVID-19 pandemic, and reduced physical activity corRelated with worse PD symptoms. Symptoms that worsened most were rigidity, fatigue, tremor, pain and concentration. Presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms (anxiety, depression) before the pandemic, as well as cognitive dysfunction and several personality traits predicted increased psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION: Our findings show how an external Stressor (the COVID-19 pandemic) leads to a worsening of PD symptoms by evoking psychological distress as well as lifestyle changes (reduced physical activity).
Hanso Portner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integrating climate Related Stressor effects on marine organisms unifying principles linking molecule to ecosystem level changes
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2012Co-Authors: Hanso PortnerAbstract:Climate change effects on marine ecosystems involve various Stressors, pre domi nantly temperature, hypoxia and CO2, all of which may combine with further anthropogenic Stressors such as pollutants. All life forms respond to these drivers, following potentially common principles, which are insufficiently understood. Specific understanding may be most advanced in animals where the concept of ‘oxygen and capacity dependent thermal tolerance’ (OCLTT) is an integrator of various effects, linking molecular to ecosystem levels of biological organisation. Recent studies confirm OCLTT involvement in the field, causing changes in species abundance, biogeographical ranges, phenology and species predominance. At the wholeanimal level, performance capacity set by aerobic scope and energy budget, building on baseline energy turnover, links fitness (within a thermal window) and functioning at the ecosystem level. In variable environments like the intertidal zone, animals also exploit their capacity for passive tolerance. While presently the temperature signal appears predominant in the field, effects may well involve other Stressors, acting synergistically by narrowing the aerobic OCLTT window. Recent findings support the OCLTT concept as a common physiological basis linking apparently disjunct effects of ocean warming, acidification and hypoxia in a so-called climate syndrome. In brief, warming-induced CO2 accumulation in body fluids links to the effects of ocean acidification mediated by the weak acid distribution of CO2. Temperature-induced hypoxemia links to the hypoxia sensitivity of thermal tolerance. Future work will need to develop proxies for the temperature-dependent effects of climate-Related Stressors and also identify the principles operative in organisms other than animals and their underlying mechanisms. Mechanism-based modelling efforts are then needed to develop reliable organism to ecosystem projections of future change.
Hans-otto Pörtner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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oxygen and capacity limitation of thermal tolerance a matrix for integrating climate Related Stressor effects in marine ecosystems
The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2010Co-Authors: Hans-otto PörtnerAbstract:SUMMARY The concept of oxygen- and capacity-dependent thermal tolerance in aquatic ectotherms has successfully explained climate-induced effects of rising temperatures on species abundance in the field. Oxygen supply to tissues and the resulting aerobic performance characters thus form a primary link between organismal fitness and its role and functioning at the ecosystem level. The thermal window of performance in water breathers matches their window of aerobic scope. Loss of performance reflects the earliest level of thermal stress, caused by hypoxaemia and the progressive mismatch of oxygen supply and demand at the borders of the thermal envelope. Oxygen deficiency elicits the transition to passive tolerance and associated systemic and cellular stress signals like hormonal responses or oxidative stress as well as the use of protection mechanisms like heat shock proteins at thermal extremes. Thermal acclimatization between seasons or adaptation to a climate regime involves shifting thermal windows and adjusting window widths. The need to specialize on a limited temperature range results from temperature-dependent trade-offs at several hierarchical levels, from molecular structure to whole-organism functioning, and may also support maximized energy efficiency. Various environmental factors like CO 2 (ocean acidification) and hypoxia interact with these principal relationships. Existing knowledge suggests that these factors elicit metabolic depression supporting passive tolerance to thermal extremes. However, they also exacerbate hypoxaemia, causing a narrowing of thermal performance windows and prematurely leading the organism to the limits of its thermal acclimation capacity. The conceptual analysis suggests that the relationships between energy turnover, the capacities of activity and other functions and the width of thermal windows may lead to an integrative understanding of specialization on climate and, as a thermal matrix, of sensitivity to climate change and the factors involved. Such functional relationships might also relate to climate-induced changes in species interactions and, thus, community responses at the ecosystem level.
Anouk Van Der Heide - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychological Distress, Physical Activity, and Symptom Severity in Parkinson's Disease.
Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2020Co-Authors: Anouk Van Der Heide, Marjan J. Meinders, Bastiaan R. Bloem, Rick C. HelmichAbstract:BACKGROUND: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has many consequences for people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Social distancing measures complicate regular care and result in lifestyle changes, which may indirectly cause psychological stress and worsening of PD symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased psychological distress and decreased physical activity in PD, how these changes Related to PD motor and non-motor symptom severity, and what frequency and burden of COVID-Related Stressors were. METHODS: We sent an online survey to the Personalized Parkinson Project (PPP) cohort (nâ=â498 PD patients) in the Netherlands. In the survey, we distinguished between COVID-Related Stressor load, psychological distress, PD symptom severity, and physical activity. We Related inter-individual differences to personality factors and clinical factors collected before the pandemic occurred. RESULTS: 358 PD patients completed the survey between April 21 and May 25, 2020 (response rate 71.9%). Patients with higher COVID-Related Stressor load experienced more PD symptoms, and this effect was mediated by the degree of psychological distress. 46.6% of PD patients were less physically active since the COVID-19 pandemic, and reduced physical activity corRelated with worse PD symptoms. Symptoms that worsened most were rigidity, fatigue, tremor, pain and concentration. Presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms (anxiety, depression) before the pandemic, as well as cognitive dysfunction and several personality traits predicted increased psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION: Our findings show how an external Stressor (the COVID-19 pandemic) leads to a worsening of PD symptoms by evoking psychological distress as well as lifestyle changes (reduced physical activity).
Jamila Bookwala - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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marital quality as a moderator of the effects of poor vision on quality of life among older adults
Journals of Gerontology Series B-psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 2011Co-Authors: Jamila BookwalaAbstract:CONSIDERABLE evidence points to the enjoyment of better health and quality of life among married older adults relative to their non-married peers (e.g., Bookwala & Fekete, 2009; Kim & McKenry, 2002; Liu & Umberson, 2008; Pienta, Hayward, & Jenkins, 2000; Umberson, Hui, & Powers, 2009). These advantages in health and quality of life are likely to accrue at least partially from the benefits that marriage can bring in the form of supportive exchanges between spouses, ongoing companionship, and emotional attachment (e.g., Allen, Blieszner, & Roberto, 2000; Bradbury, Fincham, & Beach, 2000; Xu & Burleson, 2004). Past research has shown that being in a better quality marriage is directly Related to superior quality of life in late adulthood (e.g., Antonucci, Lansford, & Akiyama, 2001; Bookwala, in press; Bookwala, 2005; Bookwala & Jacobs, 2004; Umberson, Williams, Powers, Liu, & Needham, 2006). More importantly, in the face of Stressors, a good marriage can serve as perhaps the most important resource of support (Cutrona, 1996) by fostering responsiveness to a loved one’s needs and acts that communicate caring and facilitate adaptive coping with stress. Several studies accordingly have confirmed that a better quality marriage can mitigate the negative impact of late life Stressors on quality of life (Bookwala & Franks, 2005; Choi & Marks, 2006; Tower & Kasl, 1995; Tower, Kasl, & Moritz, 1997). The present study focuses on the impact of poor vision as one such age-Related Stressor. Specifically, it examines the role of a good marriage as a potential buffer in the adverse consequences of poor vision in late life. Using vision assessed both subjectively and objectively in a national probability-based sample of adults aged 57–85 years, it examines the extent to which different aspects of marital quality (relationship satisfaction, supportive spouse behaviors, and free time spent with one’s spouse) moderate the negative effects of poor vision on three specific indicators of quality of life: functional limitations, feelings of social isolation, and depressive symptomatology. These indices are in keeping with the World Health Organization’s (1998) multidimensional definition of quality of life that incorporates individuals’ physical and social functioning and psychological states as key components.