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L. Pesquera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Pascal Besnard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Relative Intensity Noise in a Multi-Stokes Brillouin Laser
    2019
    Co-Authors: Ananthu Sebastian, Irina Balakireva, Schadrac Fresnel, Stephane Trebaol, Pascal Besnard
    Abstract:

    We demonstrate that multi-Stokes operation is essential to get low Intensity Noise Brillouin fiber ring laser. 20 dB/Hz Noise reduction compared to input pump laser is confirmed by a numerical modal replicating experimental observation. Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) initiated in an optical cavity is an attractive phenomenon to generate narrow linewidth lasers. Multi-Stokes waves generated through cascade process allow to reach better coherence properties. We build a Brillouin multi-Stokes fiber laser with 20 meters Polarization Maintained fiber. This fiber ring cavity is resonantly pumped using a continuous wave laser. The circulating pump wave initiates Brillouin amplification in Stokes 1 (S1) wave traveling in the opposite direction. We show characteristics of cascade Brillouin laser on the Figure (left axis). S1 (blue), S2 (green), and S3 (yellow) output power are plotted as function of input pump power. When the power in S1 reaches the normalized output power needed to compensate linear losses of S2, coherent emission of S2 takes place; the cascaded process is on. In that regime, the S1 circulating power is clamped. Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) of individual Stokes are characterized and normalized by the pump RIN. RIN behavior of the three first individual Stokes lines as function of the input pump power are plotted on the Figure (right axis). Above, which corresponds to the S2 lasing threshold, the S1 experiences an abrupt RIN reduction up to 20 dB/Hz compared to the input pump RIN level. This reduction originates from the clamping effect of S1 line due to the appearance of the stimulated S2 emission. Dotted lines correspond to measured RIN and starred lines to numerical simulations based on a set of coupled-mode equations. Numerical results even predict 40 dB/Hz reduction. We assume that the discrepancy is due to experimental bench limitation. We finally show that Stokes RIN follows the Noise distribution similar to a class B laser featuring relaxation of oscillations, originating from the coupling between phonons and photons. Our study gives inputs to design optimized Brillouin fiber laser in term of RIN reduction.

  • Relative Intensity Noise in a multi-Stokes Brillouin laser
    Optics Express, 2018
    Co-Authors: Ananthu Sebastian, Irina Balakireva, Schadrac Fresnel, Stephane Trebaol, Pascal Besnard
    Abstract:

    We investigate the Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) properties of a multi-Stokes Brillouin fiber ring laser. We experimentally analyse the Intensity Noise of each Stokes wave and study the Noise dynamics of the cascaded Brillouin scattering process. We observe up to 20 dB/Hz Intensity Noise reduction compared to that of the RIN input pump laser. We examine the impact of the fiber ring quality factor on the laser RIN features such as amplitude reduction and relaxation frequency. We also investigate the influence of the Brillouin gain detuning on the RIN reduction. A numerical model based on a set of coupled-mode equations replicates the experimental observations. Our study enables us to determine the optimal parameter values to operate the multi-Stokes laser in the low Noise regime.

  • Impact of Mode-Hopping Noise on InGaN Edge Emitting Laser Relative Intensity Noise Properties
    IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2018
    Co-Authors: Antoine Congar, Pascal Besnard, Kamal Hussain, Christelle Pareige, Raphaël Butté, Nicolas Grandjean, Stephane Trebaol
    Abstract:

    In this study we report, through a comparative analysis of static and dynamic measurements, on the impact of mode hopping on the overall Intensity Noise dynamics of InGaN edge emitting lasers. Mode clustering usually observed in InGaN lasers enhances the mode competition and then the laser Intensity fluctuation. Variations as large as 20 dB have been observed. The coexistence of longitudinal modes induces mode competition and then unstable bimodal lasing. This mode competition is mediated by temporal fluctuations of spontaneous emission through nonlinear cross saturation of the optical gain. The subsequent enhancement of the Relative Intensity Noise can be detrimental for applications where the Intensity stability of InGaN lasers is a key parameter. Our experimental observations are supported by a simple rate equation model. We point out the major importance of the different modal gain in the bimodal regime on the overall Intensity Noise of the laser.

  • Impact of Mode-Hopping Noise on InGaN Edge Emitting Laser Relative Intensity Noise Properties
    IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2018
    Co-Authors: Antoine Congar, Pascal Besnard, Kamal Hussain, Christelle Pareige, Raphaël Butté, Nicolas Grandjean, Stephane Trebaol
    Abstract:

    In this paper, we report, through a comparative analysis of static and dynamic measurements, on the impact of mode hopping on the overall Intensity Noise dynamics of InGaN edge emitting lasers. Mode clustering usually observed in InGaN lasers enhances the mode competition and then the laser Intensity fluctuation. Variations as large as 20 dB have been observed. The coexistence of longitudinal modes induces mode competition and then unstable bimodal lasing. This mode competition is mediated by the temporal fluctuations of spontaneous emission through the nonlinear cross saturation of the optical gain. The subsequent enhancement of the Relative Intensity Noise can be detrimental for applications, where the Intensity stability of InGaN lasers is a key parameter. Our experimental observations are supported by a simple rate equation model. We point out the major importance of the different modal gain in the bimodal regime on the overall Intensity Noise of the laser.

  • Relative Intensity Noise and frequency Noise of a compact Brillouin laser made of As38Se62 suspended-core chalcogenide fiber.
    Optics letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Kenny Hey Tow, Yohann Léguillon, Perrine Toupin, Pascal Besnard, Laurent Brilland, David Méchin, Denis Tregoat, Johann Troles, Stephanie Molin
    Abstract:

    Relative Intensity Noise and frequency Noise have been measured for the first time for a single-frequency Brillouin chalcogenide As38Se62 fiber laser. This is also the first demonstration of a compact suspended-core fiber Brillouin laser, which exhibits a low threshold power of 22 mW and a slope efficiency of 26% for nonresonant pumping.

N Holonyak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • 850 nm oxide vcsel with low Relative Intensity Noise and 40 gb s error free data transmission
    IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2014
    Co-Authors: Fei Tan, Milton Feng, Michael Liu, N Holonyak
    Abstract:

    We have designed and fabricated a high speed 850 nm oxide-confined vertical cavity surface emitting laser with an oxide aperture dimension of ~ 4 μm and a threshold current ITH=0.53 mA at room temperature (20 °C). It demonstrates a modulation bandwidth of 21.2 GHz, and achieves a laser Relative Intensity Noise reaching standard quantum limit 2hν/P0=-154.3 dB/Hz at high bias I/ITH=10. Furthermore, error-free data transmission at 40 Gb/s is obtained at I=6.5 mA which corresponds to an energy/data efficiency of 431 fJ/bit.

  • the effect of ground and first excited state transitions on transistor laser Relative Intensity Noise
    Applied Physics Letters, 2013
    Co-Authors: Fei Tan, Milton Feng, Xian Huang, N Holonyak
    Abstract:

    We report the results of Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) measurement on the ground and first excited state transitions of a single quantum-well (QW) transistor laser (TL). Because of higher differential gain and faster recombination lifetime on the first excited state transition, a lower laser RIN is measured as compared with ground state laser operation. The minority carrier density in the base of QWTL extracted from the laser RIN shows a carrier density of 2.6–3.5 × 1016 cm−3, a more than 40× reduction from that of a conventional diode laser.

  • Relative Intensity Noise of a quantum well transistor laser
    Applied Physics Letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Fei Tan, Rohan Bambery, Milton Feng, N Holonyak
    Abstract:

    A quantum well transistor laser with a base cavity length L = 300 μm has been designed, fabricated, and operated at threshold ITH = 25 mA (0 °C). As a consequence of the inherent advantage of the picosecond base recombination lifetime, the transistor laser is able to achieve nearly a quantum shot-Noise limited laser Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) with a peak amplitude of −151 dB/Hz at frequency 8.6 GHz. Compared with a diode laser (a charge storage device) at the same output power, the transistor laser (a charge flow device) has a better than 28 dB (number dependent on the laser device design) peak RIN advantage.

Cheng Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Relative Intensity Noise of a mid infrared quantum cascade laser insensitivity to optical feedback
    Optics Express, 2019
    Co-Authors: Binbin Zhao, Xing-guang Wang, Jinchuan Zhang, Cheng Wang
    Abstract:

    This article experimentally demonstrates that the Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) of a mid-infrared quantum cascade laser is insensitive to the optical feedback for feedback ratios up to 31% (−5.1 dB). The RIN of the free-running laser is in the range of −150 dB/Hz to −160 dB/Hz, while the optical feedback induced RIN variation is less than ± 2.0 dB. In addition, the feedback-induced lasing frequency variation is less than 2.0 GHz. Rate equation analyses of the laser are in good agreement with the experimental observations.

  • Relative Intensity Noise of a continuous wave interband cascade laser at room temperature
    Optics Letters, 2019
    Co-Authors: Yu Deng, Binbin Zhao, Cheng Wang
    Abstract:

    This Letter investigates the Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) characteristics of a continuous-wave 3.4 μm interband cascade laser operated at room temperature. The RIN decreases with an increasing pump current and reaches down to −130  dB/Hz at a frequency of 450 MHz. In addition, it is proved that the current Noise of the laser pump source dominates the RIN for frequencies below 100 MHz. The measured RIN is quantitatively in agreement with the theoretical analysis, from which the gain coefficient and the transparent carrier number of the laser are extracted.

  • Carrier-Noise-Enhanced Relative Intensity Noise of Quantum Dot Lasers
    IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2018
    Co-Authors: Jianan Duan, Xing-guang Wang, Yue-guang Zhou, Cheng Wang, Frederic Grillot
    Abstract:

    This paper numerically investigates the Relative Intensity Noise of quantum dot lasers through a rate equation model taking into account both the spontaneous emission and carrier contributions. In particular, results show that the carrier Noise originating from the ground and excited states significantly enhances the Relative Intensity Noise of the laser, while that from the carrier reservoir does not. Simulations also point out that a large energy interval between the quantum confined levels is more suitable for low-Intensity Noise operation due to the reduced contribution from the carrier Noise in the excited state. Finally, the carrier Noise is found to have little impact on the frequency Noise, thus being negligible for the investigation of the spectral linewidth. Overall, this paper is useful for designing low-Noise quantum dot oscillators for high-speed communications, optical frequency combs, and radar applications. Index Terms-Semiconductor lasers, quantum dots, Relative Intensity Noise, frequency Noise.

  • carrier Noise enhanced Relative Intensity Noise of quantum dot lasers
    IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2018
    Co-Authors: Jianan Duan, Xing-guang Wang, Yue-guang Zhou, Cheng Wang, Frederic Grillot
    Abstract:

    This paper numerically investigates the Relative Intensity Noise of quantum dot lasers through a rate equation model taking into account both the spontaneous emission and carrier contributions. In particular, results show that the carrier Noise originating from the ground and excited states significantly enhances the Relative Intensity Noise of the laser, while that from the carrier reservoir does not. Simulations also point out that a large energy interval between the quantum confined levels is more suitable for low-Intensity Noise operation due to the reduced contribution from the carrier Noise in the excited state. Finally, the carrier Noise is found to have little impact on the frequency Noise, thus being negligible for the investigation of the spectral linewidth. Overall, this paper is useful for designing low-Noise quantum dot oscillators for high-speed communications, optical frequency combs, and radar applications.

  • Relative Intensity Noise properties of quantum dot lasers
    Semiconductor Lasers and Applications VIII, 2018
    Co-Authors: Jianan Duan, Xing-guang Wang, Yue-guang Zhou, Cheng Wang, Frederic Grillot
    Abstract:

    In this work, we theoretically investigate the Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) properties of quantum dot (QD) lasers through a rate equation model including the Langevin Noises and the contribution from the off resonance energy levels. It is shown that the carrier Noise significantly enhances the RIN which can be further reduced by properly controlling the energy separation between the first excited and the ground states. In addition, simulations also unveil that the RIN of QD lasers is rather temperature independent which is of prime importance for the development of power efficient light sources. Overall, these results indicate that QD lasers are excellent candidates for the realization of ultra-low Noise oscillators hence being advantageous for fiber optics communication networks, short reach optical interconnects and integrated photonics systems.

Beatrice Cabon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Impact of Relative Intensity Noise on 60-GHz Radio-Over-Fiber Wireless Transmission Systems
    Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Hamza Hallak Elwan, Julien Poëtte, Ramin Khayatzadeh, Beatrice Cabon
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates a 60 GHz radio-over-fiber (RoF) communication system employing two different techniques to generate millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signals. The Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) transferred during optical heterodyning of mm-wave signal is theoretically studied and experimentally investigated. Laser RIN induces Noise at resultant electrical mm-wave signal and is directly generated from initial RIN at low frequency. Therefore, RIN impairs the performance of the RoF mm-wave system. The model of RIN is also presented and is in very close agreement with the experiment results. Furthermore, wireless transmission experiments to demonstrate the Intensity Noise effect are carried out and are compliant with the standards at mm-wave. Wireless transmission up to 3 m can be achieved using a transmit power of +4.5 dBm. Index Terms-Error vector magnitude (EVM), distributed feedback (DFB) laser, millimeter-wave (mm-wave), passively mode locked laser diode (PMLLD), phase Noise, radio-over-fiber (RoF), Relative Intensity Noise (RIN).

  • impact of Relative Intensity Noise on 60 ghz radio over fiber wireless transmission systems
    Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Hamza Hallak Elwan, Julien Poëtte, Ramin Khayatzadeh, Beatrice Cabon
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates a 60-GHz radio-over-fiber (RoF) communication system employing two different techniques to generate millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signals. The Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) transferred during optical heterodyning of mm-wave signal is theoretically studied and experimentally investigated. Laser RIN induces Noise at resultant electrical mm-wave signal and is directly generated from initial RIN at low frequency. Therefore, RIN impairs the performance of the mm-wave RoF system. The model of RIN is also presented and is in very close agreement with the experiment results. Furthermore, wireless transmission experiments to demonstrate the Intensity Noise effect are carried out and are compliant with the communication standards at mm-wave. Wireless transmission up to 3 m can be achieved using a transmit power of +4.5 dBm.

  • Relative Intensity Noise in optical heterodyning applied to millimeter wave systems
    International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics, 2015
    Co-Authors: Hamza Hallak Elwan, Julien Poëtte, Ramin Khayatzadeh, Beatrice Cabon
    Abstract:

    In this paper, the impact of Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) on optical heterodyne millimeter-wave (MMW) generation for radio-over-fiber (RoF) applications and systems is presented. The theoretical and experimental study is provided for two different techniques that generate MMW signals. The model of RIN is also presented and is in close agreement with the experimental results. The novelty and originality of this paper are the analysis of RIN in MMW frequency band, where impairments of the generated MMW carrier due to RIN are shown for the first time. The theoretical concepts and the experimental results prove that RIN appearing as side bands of MMW signal is directly generated from initial RIN at low frequency. Two significant impacts are considered: the phase Noise on the beat note carrier and the frequency response of the system, in order to extract real RIN contribution.

  • Relative Intensity Noise in optical heterodyning applied to millimeter-wave systems
    2015
    Co-Authors: Hamza Hallak Elwan, Julien Poëtte, Ramin Khayatzadeh, Beatrice Cabon
    Abstract:

    In this paper, the impact of Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) on optical heterodyne millimeter-wave (MMW) generation for Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) applications and systems is presented. The theoretical and experimental study is provided for two different techniques that generate MMW signals. The model of RIN is also presented and is in close agreement with the experiment results. The novelty and originality of this paper is the analysis of RIN in MMW frequency band, where impairments of the MMW generated carrier due to RIN are shown for the first time. The theoretical concepts and the experimental results prove that RIN appearing as side bands of MMW signal is directly generated from initial RIN at low frequency. Two significant impacts are considered: the phase Noise on the beat-note carrier and the frequency response of the system, in order to extract real RIN contribution. Index Terms-Distributed Feedback (DFB) Laser, Millimeter-wave (MMW), Passively Mode Locked Laser Diode (PMLLD), Phase Noise, Relative Intensity Noise (RIN), Radio-over-Fiber (RoF).